内容正文:
Module1 Unit 4 Do it yourself
Unit4
核心话题
自己动手
重点词汇
(一)识记类单词
1.指示n.______________ 2.工具n.______________
3.胶水n.______________ 4.绳索n.______________
5.[复]剪刀n.______________ 6.胶带n.______________
7.自己动手做n.______________ 8.精确地 adv.______________
9.修补 vt.______________ 10.玫瑰(花)n.______________
11.装饰 vt.______________ 12.句子n.______________
13.曾经adv.______________ 14.错误n.______________
15.使充满 vt.______________ 16.建议vt.&vi.______________
17.课程n.______________ 18.已经 adv.______________
19.出席 vt.&vi._____________ 20.反而,却adv.______________
21.哎呀excl.______________ 22.水管n.______________
23.天花板n.______________ 24.气球n.______________
25.狂热的adj.______________ 26.可怕的adj.______________
27.葡萄n.______________ 28.增加,补充vt.&.vi.___________
29.调羹n.______________ 30.沙拉n.______________
31.奶油;霜n.______________ 32.提示n.______________
33.例子n.______________ 34.使处于某种状态 vt.______________
35.调味汁n.______________ 36.火腿n.______________
37.完成adj.______________ 38.收拾,整理 vi.&.vt.______________
39.秘密的adj.______________ 40.错误地 adv.______________
41.封面n.______________ 42.完成 vt.______________
43.颜料n.______________ 44.家具n.______________
(二)应用类单词
1.“刷子n.______________→(复数)______________
2.架子n.______________→(复数)______________
3.剪下 vt.__________→(过去式)___________→(现在分词)____________
4.混合 vt.&vi.______________→adj.______________
5.草莓n.______________→(复数)______________
6.正确的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
7.确定的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
8.积极的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
9.可能的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
10.粘住 vt.&.vi.________→(过去式)____________
11.拼写 vt.&vi.__________→(过去式)______________
重点短语
1.最好______________ 2.对DIY着迷______________
3.看起来糟糕______________ 4.张贴一幅画______________
5.代表______________ 6.停电______________
7.整理好______________ 8.参加课程______________
9.出错______________ 10.用······填充······______________
11.决定做某事______________ 12.放弃______________
13. 一起工作很开心______________ 14.上DIY的课______________
15. 把它粘在封面上____________ 16.建议某人(不要)做某事______________
17.不断地把单词拼错______________
18.把它留在空气中一段时间______________
重点句型
1.You’d better get some tools.你最好先拿一些工具。
2.When you do DIY,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.当你自己动手做的时候,你会自己制作、修理或者装饰这些东西,而不是付钱让别人去做。
语法
一、祈使句 二、情态动词should和had better
写作
“亲力亲为”
答案:
1、 (一)略
(二)1.brush; brushes 2. shelf; shelves 3. cut; cut;cutting 4. mix;mixed 5. strawberry; strawberries 6. correct;incorrect 7. certain; uncertain 8. active; inactive 9. possible;impossible 10. stick; stuck 11. spell;spelt
二、1. had better 2. be crazy about DIY 3. look terrible 4. put up a picture 5. stand for 6.have a power cut 7. tidy up 8. attend lessons 9.go wrong 10. fill... with... 11. decide to do sth. 12. give up 13. have fun working together 14. take a course in DIY 15. stick it on the cover 16. advise sb. (not) to do sth.。 17.keep spelling the words wrong 18. leave it in the air for some time
考点1 instruction
1、Here are clear instructions. 这里有清楚的说明。(教材第42页)
instruction 可数名词,意为“指示,说明”,通常用复数形式instructions.
Eg. Always read the instructions before you start. 使用前务必阅读说明。
【经典练】
1.—Mum, is there anything wrong with my eyes?
—Luckily, nothing serious, but make sure you follow the doctor’s ________.
A.directions B.introductions C.applications D.instructions
【写作佳句】(2020秋·广东深圳·八年级统考期中)It will help you know the car’s information if you follow its instructions.如果你按照它的指示去做,它会帮助你了解汽车的信息。
考点2 had better意为“最好”
2、You'd better get some tools. 你最好去拿些工具来。(教材第42页)
'd better是 had better 的缩略形式。had better意为“最好”,后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一一种 愿望。
Eg. You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。
【经典练】
1.You had better ________ football near the street. It’s very dangerous.
A.not to play B.don’t play C.not play D.to not play
【写作佳句】— These days, I am eating a lot and l don’t take exercise, so I’ve put on five pounds.—这些天,我吃得很多,又不锻炼,所以体重增加了五磅。
考点3 No problem!没问题! (教材第42页)
no problem 意为“没问题”,可用来表示同意或愉快地答应对方的请求。
Eg. --- Could you post the letter for me? 请你帮我寄这封信好吗? ---No problem.没问题。
---Can you help me?你能帮我吗? --- No problem.没问题。
[拓展] No problem.还可以用于以下情境:
①回答感谢,意为“不用谢,别客气”。
Eg. ---Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。 ---No problem. 不用谢。
②回答道歉,意为“没关系;没什么”。
Eg. ---I' m sorry to keep you waiting too long. 对不起,让你久等了。 ---No problem.没关系。
③表示有能力做某事,意为“没问题;不在话下”
Eg. ---Can you finish the work in an hour? 你能在一小时之内完成这项 工作吗? ---No problem.没问题。
【经典练】
1.—Could you please take the dog for a walk? I am busy now.
—________. I also want to take a walk.
A.Feel free B.No problem C.No way D.Better not
【写作佳句】No problem. I will go to your home after breakfast.没问题。早餐后我会去你家。
考点4 scissors
1、scissors 名词复数形式,意为“剪刀”, 因剪刀是由两部分构成的,故常用复数形式。若表示其数量应借助于名词pair.
a pair of scissors一把剪刀
two pairs of scissors两把剪刀
[拓展]类似用法的单词还有:gasses (眼镜),gloves(手套),shoes (鞋)trousers (裤子)等。
【经典练】
1.Paper cutting is a kind of traditional art which is made with ________ in China.
A.pens B.scissors C.machines D.robots
【写作佳句】(2023·天津河西·统考二模)The sheep farmers use the scissors to cut the wool off the sheep.养羊人用剪刀把羊毛从羊身上剪下。
考点5 exactly “确切地,精确地”
What's DIY exactly, Suzy? DIY确切地说是什么,苏西? (教材第43页)
exactly 副词,意为“确切地,精确地”。其形容词为exact,意为“确切的,精确的”。
Eg. Tell me exactly where Mary lives. 请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。
His answer is exactly right. 他的答案完全正确。
It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难说出她确切的年龄。
【经典练】
1.—Thinking critically and trying bravely are very important keys to young people.
—_________. They’re valuable qualities.
A.That’s not the case B.That’s all right
C.Exactly D.Don’t mention it
【写作佳句】Look up the word in the dictionary (字典), and you will know its meaning exactly.在字典里查单词,你将会知道它的确切意思。
考点6 stand for
It stands for “do-it-yourself” . 它代表“自己动手做”。(教材第43页)
stand for 意为“代表,象征”。
Eg. PRC stands for People s Republic of China. PRC代表中华人民共和国。
The dove stands for peace. 鸽子象征着和平。
【经典练】
1.DIY _________ “Do-it-yourself”.
A.looks for B.waits for C.stands for D.cheers for
【写作佳句】(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模)—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.——我最喜欢数字“9”,因为我觉得它代表“长久”。
考点7 decorate
you make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.....你自己制作、修补或装饰东西,而不是付钱让某人做这些(事情)。(教材第43页)
decorate此处用作 及物动词,意为“装饰”。
decorate sth.with...意为“用...装饰某物”。
Eg. We usually decorate our walls and windows with paper cutting at the Spring Festival. 春节时,我们通常用剪纸来装饰我们的墙和窗户。
[辨析] instead of与instead
instead of
介词短语,意为“而不
是,代替”
后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,一般置于句首或句中,否定of后的内容。
instead
副词,意为“反而,代替”
常用于句首或句末,位于句首时其后常用逗号,肯定instead所在句的内容。
Eg. They went there on foot instead of by bus.他们没有坐公共汽车而是步行去的那里。
Instead of studying, she surfed the Internet.她没有学习,而是上网了。
It's too hot to walk. Instead, we'll go shopping.天太热了,不能去散步,我们打算改为去购物。
If you have no cream, use milk instead.你如果没有奶油,用牛奶代替好了。
[注意]instead of与instead可进行同义句转换。
Eg. She went swimming instead of playing basketball. =She didn't play basketball. She went swimming instead. 她去游泳了,而没有打篮球。
【经典练】
1.We don’t want to go wrong, so it is necessary for us to ________ before making the plan.
A.dislike B.discuss C.decide D.decorate
【写作佳句】—I asked some workers to decorate my new house. But they hit a pipe and filled my room with water.——我让一些工人装修我的新房子。但是他们撞坏了一根水管,我的房间灌满了水。
考点8 something new
I enjoy making something new.我喜欢制作新东西。( 教材第43页)
形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置something new意为“新的事物”,其中something 是不定代词,new是形容词,形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等不定代词时要后置。
Eg. There is something new in today s newspaper.今天的报纸上有些新鲜事。
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。
【经典练】
1.—Is there ________ about TF boys on the Internet?
—No, there’s nothing on it.
A.something new B.new something C.new anything D.anything new
【写作佳句】(2023·重庆江北·校考二模)Creativity is an important ability for anyone to create something new.创造力对任何人来说是一项重要的能力,它可以让人创造出新的东西。
考点9 be crazy about意为“对...着迷”
My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的表兄安德鲁对DIY着迷。(教材第44 页)
crazy 此处用作形容词,意为“着迷的,狂热的,发疯的”。be crazy about意为“对...着迷”,其中about是介词,后面跟名词、代词或动名词。
Eg. Tom is crazy about music.汤姆对音乐很着迷。
【经典练】
1.Not only my parents but also my sister ________ crazy about the Reader.
A.is B.are C.be
2.I would rather ________ my winter vacation homework than ________ Tik Tok(抖音)all day.
A.pay attention; crazy about B.paying attention; crazy about
C.pay attention to; be crazy about D.paying attention to; being crazy about
【写作佳句】(2023·福建三明·统考二模)I am crazy about the world’s first two-seater flying car in Chongqing. I can’t wait to watch it.我对重庆的世界首款双座飞行汽车非常着迷,迫不及待想要看它。
考点10 once “曾经,一度”
He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.他曾经试图在他的卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了个错误。(教材第44 页)
(1) once 此处用作副词,意为“曾经,一度”,常与过去时连用,位于连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。当表示过去的经验或经历时,也可放在句首作状语。
Eg. This film was once very popular, but nobody see sit now. 这部影片曾经很受欢迎,可是现在没有人看它了。
I once lived in the south of China.我曾经住在中国的南方。
Once he worked in the factory.他从前在那家工厂工作过。
[拓展] once 作副词,还可意为“一次;一回”。
Eg. We go to see my grandparents once a week. 我们每周去看望爷爷奶奶一次。
(2)put in意为“安装”
Eg. They will put in new windows.他们要安装新窗户。
(3)make a mistake意为 “犯错误;弄错”,还可表示为make mistakes。mistake在此结构中是可数名词,意为“错误,失误”。表示“....方面犯错误”用make mistakes/a mistake ...
Eg. He made many mistakes in his spelling.他在拼写方面犯了许多错误。
[拓展] by mistake意为“错误地,无意地”。
Eg. Sorry, I took your bag by mistake.对不起,我错拿了你的包。
【经典练】
1.—________ do you go to visit your grandparents, Alice?
—Once a week.
A.How long B.How often C.How much D.How soon
【写作佳句】(2023·福建厦门·统考一模)Once we have passed the exam, we’ll be able to relax.一旦我们通过了考试,我们就可以放松了。
考点11 put up
Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次,他想在他的卧室的墙上挂幅画,但是他敲裂了水管,弄得房间里到处都是水。(教材第44 页)
(1)put up动词短语, 意为“挂起,张贴,举起,搭建”。此短语为“动词+副词”结构,当名词作宾语时,名词可位于put与up之间,也可位于up之后;当人称代词作宾语时,人称代词只能位于put与up之间。
Eg. Please put up the picture on the wall. 请把这幅画挂到墙上。
Please put up your hands. 请举起你们的手。
My father put up a tent in front of the garden. 我爸爸在花园前面搭了个帐篷。
[拓展] put 的常见短语:
put on穿上,戴上,上演
put out伸出,扑灭
put away收起来,收好
put off推迟,拖延
(2)fill..with... 意为“用...填充...”。其中fill用作及物动词,意为“使充满”。
Eg. He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯里装满了水。
[拓展] be filled with相当于be full of,意为“装满...充满...”
Eg. The schoolbag is filled with books.
=The schoolbag is full of books.书包里装满了书。
【经典练】
1.—Put some butter on a piece of bread. What else?
—Next, ________ up some tomatoes.
A.cut B.cutting C.to cut
2.During the Spring Festival, almost every family ________ the Spring Festival couplets(春联) on their doors to express sincere blessings and good wishes.
A.make up B.put up C.pick out D.put on
【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷,和家人一起去钓鱼。
考点12 not only..but also...
Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的,连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。(教材第44页)
not only..but also... “不仅...”用于连接两个并列成分,着重强调后者,其中的also通常可省略。
Eg. The singer not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. 这个歌手不仅歌唱得好,而且舞也跳得美。
Jim is good at not only singing but also dancing. 吉姆不仅擅长唱歌,而且擅长跳舞。
[拓展]
①not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的形式与其靠近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
Eg. Not only you but also he has to leave now. 不只是你,他现在也得离开。
②若not only..but als...连接两个句子,且not only...位于句首时,not only之后的句子要使用部分倒装语序。
Eg. Not only did I go to Beijing, but also I went to Paris. 我不但去过北京,还去过巴黎。
③not only..but also..连接两个并列成分作句子的主语变为否定句时,应将not only...but also...换成neither...no... (既... ) ,谓语动词的形式仍然遵循“就近原则”。
Eg. Not only you but also I am interested in playing computer games. 不仅你对玩电脑游戏感兴趣,我也感兴趣。
Neither you nor I am interested in playing computer games. 你和我都对玩电脑游戏不感兴趣。
【经典练】
1.Not only Tom but also I ________ crazy about the football match.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
2.Home is the best place where we can ________ get support ________ feel love.
A.neither; nor B.either; or C.between; and D.not only; but also
【写作佳句】Nowadays, Tiktok (抖音) is widely used. Not only the young but also the old are interested in it.如今,抖音被广泛使用。不仅年轻人对它感兴趣,老年人也对此感兴趣。
考点13 above
When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, ' No problem!"当我想要在我的床上方安装一个架子时,他说:“没问题!"(教材第44页)
[辨析] above, over与on
三个词都可意为“在...之上”。
Above 两物体不接触,多用于不垂直的“上方”,反义词是below
Over 两物体不接触,多用于垂直的“正上方”,与under互为反义词
On 一物体在另一物体的表面上,与物体表面接触
【经典练】
1.—Is Mount Qomolangma the highest mountain on the Earth?
—Yes. Its new height is 8,848.86 meters ________ the sea level.
A.from B.along C.above D.with
【写作佳句】(2023春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末)—I think they need many things, but above all, they need love from their parents.—我认为他们需要许多东西,但最重要的是他们需要来自父母的爱。
考点14 the other
They couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们无法摆在上面,因为架子的一端比另一端高得多!(教材第44页)
(1)one...the other..意为“ (两者中的)一个 ...另一个- ...”.
Eg. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and the other is doctor.我有两个哥哥。一个是老师,另一个是医生。
(2)shelf 可数名词,意为“(橱柜或书架等的)架子,搁板”,其复数形式为shelves。
Eg. There' re many shelves in the room.房间里有许多架子。
【经典练】
1.We have two more classes. ________ is physics, and ________ is music.
A.One... another B.Some... others C.One... the other
【写作佳句】Not long ago, our country sent two small satellites into space. One weighed 204 kilos, and the other weighed 104 kilos.不久前,我国向太空发射了两颗小型卫星。一个重达204公斤,另一个重达104公斤。
考点15 advise
I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了些关于DIY的书,我也建议他学习DIY课程。(教材第44页)
advise 及物动词,意为“建议”,其用法如下:
①advise doing sth.“建议做某事”
Eg. He advised leaving early. 他建议早点儿动身。
②advise sb. ( not ) to do sth. “建议某人(不要)做某事”
Eg. He advised me to buy a computer. 他建议我买台电脑。
③advise sb. against doing sth. “劝告某人不要做某事”
Eg. He advised her against going out at night. 他劝她晚上不要出去。
[拓展] advice 不可数名词,意为“建议:劝告,
Eg. Please give me some advice.请给我提一些建议
【经典练】
1.—Tony, can you tell me how to improve my English writing skills?
—Of course. I advise you ________ a diary in English every day.
A.to keep B.keeping C.kept D.keep
2.—I want to be healthy. Could you give me some ______, doctor?
—Sure. You should exercise every day and eat healthy food.
A.advise B.medicine C.advice
【写作佳句】(2022秋·河北·八年级校联考期末)Evans caught a cold. His friend advised him to drink more water.埃文斯感冒了。他的朋友建议他多喝水。
考点16 already “已经”
But this just made him angry ----he says he already knows everything about it但这只能使他生气 他说他对DIY已经无所不知了。(教材第44 页)
already 副词,意为“已经”,一般用于肯定句中,用于疑问句时表示惊讶的语气。
Eg. They continued working, though it was already midnight.虽然已是午夜,但他们还在继续工作。
[拓展] yet 副词,意为“尚,还”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。
Eg. It isn't time to go yet.还没到走的时候。
【经典练】
1.—Have you read Oliver Twist ________?
—Yes, I’ve ________ read it three times.
A.already; yet B.yet; already C.already; already D.yet; yet
考点17 attend
So instead,l am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. 因此,反倒是我自己在读所有的这些书,并且每周六去去上课。(教材第44页)
attend此处用作及物动间意为“经常去,定期”(某处)”。
Eg. We'd like as many people as possible to attend. 我们希望出席的人越多越好。
1、We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something.当我们想告诉人们不要做某事时,我们在动词前面加do not或don't。(教材第47 页)
tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”,其否定形式是tell sb. not to do sth,意为“告诉某人不要做某事”
Eg. Tell him not to come tomorrow. 告诉他明天别来。
[拓展]
①tell 后常跟双宾语,即tell sb. sth. =-tell sth. To sb.,意为“告诉某人某事”
Eg. Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉她了吗?
②有关tell的常用短语
tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
Tell a story讲故事
Tell a joke讲笑话
Tell a lie说谎
Tell the truth说实话
【经典练】
1.—Haven’t seen you for days. Where have you been?
—I went to Hong Kong and ________ an international meeting for a week.
A.took part in B.attended C.joined D.joined in
【写作佳句】(2023·河北衡水·统考二模)Linda and Dave are busy practicing running these days. They will attend the sports meeting.琳达和戴夫这几天正忙于练习跑步。他们将参加运动会。
考点18 give up
Please don’t give up请不要放弃。(教材第47页)
give up 意为“放弃”,后接名词、代词或动名后接 人称代词作宾语时,词作宾语。give up
人称代词要放在give与up之间。
Eg. Tom isn't good at maths, but he won't give it up. 汤姆不擅长数学,但他不会放弃。
To keep healthy, you should give up smoking. 为了保持健康,你应该戒烟。
【经典练】
1.—We should be kind to the young and care for the old.
—You’re right. We should ________ the seats to people in need.
A.give out B.give up C.give in D.give away
【写作佳句】If you want to keep fit, you must give up smoking.如果你想保持健康,你就必须戒烟。
考点19 be late for意为“迟到”
You had better not be late for school. 你最好上学不要迟到。(教材第48页)
be late for意为“迟到”。
Eg. Please don't be late for shoo! 请不要上学迟到!
She hates to be late for work. 她不喜欢上班迟到。
【经典练】
1.—________ be late for school next time.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A.Don’t B.Won’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t
【写作佳句】You will make your teacher unhappy. That’s why you mustn’t be late for school.你会使老师不开心的。那就是为什么你上学不准迟到。
考点20 Without
begin your work without reading them没有阅读就开始你的工作(救材第48页)
Without 介词,意为“没有,无”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,反义词是with.
Eg. Man can't live without water. 没有水人类就无法生存。
She entered the room without knocking on/at the door. 她没敲门就进了房间。
【经典练】
1.—Have you had breakfast?
—No. I got up at half past seven and went to school _________ breakfast.
A.on B.with C.at D.without
【写作佳句】(2022秋·云南昆明·八年级统考期末)We will bring Ms. Steen to the party without calling her so that she can be surprised.我们不给斯蒂恩女士打电话就带她来参加聚会,这样她就能惊喜了。
考点21 Sometimes
Sometimes it'll take time to do a DIY job.有时做项DIY工作会花费时间。(教材第48页)
[辨析] sometimes, some times, sometime与sometime
sometimes
有时,不时
副词,表示动作发生的频 率,相当于at times
用how often提问
some times
几次,几倍
time是可数名词,意为“次数,倍”
用how many times提问
sometime
在某一时候
副词,表示过去或将来一个不确切的时间
用when提问
some time
一段时间
其中time为不可数名词,意为“时间”
用how long提问
Eg. Sometimes I go to school by bike.我有时骑自行车去上学。
We have met some times before.我们之前见过几次面。
Maybe we'll meet sometime next year.或许明年某个时候我们会见面。
It will take me some time to read this book.读这本书要花费我一些时间。
[助记]
some time, sometime, some times与sometimes
分开“一段(时间)”,相聚“某个时候”,“几次”分开带s,“有时”相聚加S。
【经典练】
1.Mr. Wang wants to know a lot about Paris, so he plans to go there _______ this year.
A.some time B.some times C.sometime D.sometimes
【写作佳句】(2022秋·辽宁沈阳·八年级统考期中)Sometimes we may be unaware of some computers, because they are tiny .有时我们可能不知道一些计算机,因为它们很微小。
考点22 mix
Mix them together.把它们混合在一起。( 教材第49页)
mix此处用作及物动词, 意为“混合”。mix...together“把....混合在 一起” ,mix up“混合在-起,弄乱”,mix... with... 把... 混合
Eg. Mix the butter and sugar together. 把黄油和糖混合在一起。
Someone mixed up all the forms. 有人把所有的表格都弄乱了。
We can't mix oil with water. 我们不能把油和水混合起来。
【经典练】
1.The cook ________ the meat ________ flour (面粉) to make dinner.
A.mixed; up B.mixed; at C.mixed; of D.mixed; with
【写作佳句】I have mixed up your words so I don’t know what to do next.我把你的话弄混淆了,因此不知道下一步该怎么做了。
考点23 add
Add some salad cream if you like.你如果喜欢可以加些沙拉奶油。(教材第49页)
add 及物动词,意为“增加,补充”。
add..to...把...添加到...里
add to“增加,
add up to“总计为”
Eg. Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。
If you add 4 to 5,you get 9. 4加5等于9。
The bad weather added to our difficulties.糟糕的天气增加了我们的困难。
These numbers add up to 100.这些数字的总数是100。
【经典练】
1.—Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday?
—OK. Let’s ________ it________ the weekend plan.
A.put; to B.put; with C.add; to D.add; with
【写作佳句】Remember to add some salt to the noodles.记得在面条里加点盐。
考点24 For example
For example, mixing red apples, green(5) pears, purple grapes and (6) oranges together will make the salad look very colourful.例如,把红色的苹果,绿色的(5) 梨,紫色的葡萄和(6)橘子混合在一起,这样会使沙拉看起来非常鲜艳。(教材第50页)
[辨析] for example与such as两者都意为“例如”,但用法上有区别。
for example常只列举同类人或事物中的一个例子, 在句中作插入语.可置于句首、句中或句末。
such as 常用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。
Eg. He, for example, is a good student. 例如,他就是个好学生。
He knows four languages, such as Chinese and English. 他懂得四种语言,如汉语和英语。
【经典练】
1.When I go camping, I usually bring lots of things. ________, a sleeping bag and a map.
A.Of course B.For example C.In the end D.All in all
【写作佳句】(2023·安徽合肥·合肥市庐阳中学校考三模)There are a lot of ways to protect the environment. For example, we can take our own bags instead of asking for plastic bags when shopping.有很多方法可以保护环境。例如,我们可以自己带袋子,而不是在购物时要塑料袋。
考点25 prepare
Prepare the fruit salad (7) just before you are going to eat it. (7)在你打算吃之前准备水果沙拉。(教材第50页)
prepare 此处为及物动词,意为“准备”,后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。prepare还可作不及物动词,主要有以下用法:
(1)prepare sth. 准备某事
Eg. Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 当我进办公室时,我们的英语老师正在备课。
(2)prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
Eg. She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她为我们准备了可口的早餐。
(3)prepare to do sth. 准备做某事,相当于
ready to do sth.o
Eg. They were preparing to Cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河,这时天开始下雨了。
(4)prepare for sth.为某事做准备,相当于get ready for
Eg. The students are preparing for the exam.学生们正在准备考试。
【经典练】
1.—Would you like to come to my party on Saturday afternoon?
—I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I have to prepare ________ a test.
A.in B.for C.to D.at
【写作佳句】She cut herself while she was preparing lunch.—她在准备午饭时割伤了自己。
考点26 leave
...when you leave it (9) in the air for some time.当你把它放置(9) 在空气中一段时间时..... (教材第50页)
leave用作及物动词,意为“使处于某种状态”,常接形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。
Eg. Leave the door open.让门开着吧。
I'll just leave the engine running when I go in.我进去时不会关闭引擎。
[拓展]
①leave a message“留口信”
Eg. I left a message on your answering machine. 我在你的电话应答机上留言了。
②leave..for... 意为离开...去...
Eg. My father left Beijing for Shanghai yesterday. 我爸爸昨天离开北京去了上海。
③leave sb. sth.意为“把某物留给某人”。
Eg. His parents died, only leaving him a house. 他的父母去世了,只留给他一幢房子。
④leave用作不及物动词,意为“离开”。
Eg. The train will leave at six tomorrow morning. 火车明早六点出发。
[辨析] leave 与forget
leave用作及物动词,可意为“忘了带,丢下”,常用结构为“leave sb./sth.+地点状语”。而forget后跟名词或动词不定式,意为“忘记...”指大脑不能记起或回忆不起某事。
Eg. Jim forgot to take the money with him. He left the wallet on the table. 吉姆忘记带钱了,他把钱包落在了桌子上。
【经典练】
1.—Hello, is that Jim speaking? This is Peter speaking.
—Sorry. Jim ________ for the station to meet his father. His train ________ at 2: 30 p.m.
A.will leave; will arrive B.leaves; was arriving
C.is leaving; was arriving D.is leaving; arrives
【写作佳句】(2023·云南·统考中考真题)It’s a good habit to turn off the lights when you leave a room.离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。
考点27 stop
Can we stop cleaning the house and make some food? 我们可以停止打扫房子去做些食物吗? (教材第50页)
[辨析] stop doingsth与stop to do sth.
stop doing sth.“停止做某事”,表示停止正在做的事情。
stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”,表示停止正在做的事情而去做动词不定式所表示的事情。
Eg. Stop talking, please. Let's sing an English song. 请不要说话了。让我们唱首英文歌吧。
We are tired. Let's stop to have a rest. 我们累了。让我们停下来歇会儿吧。
【经典练】
1.You have to stop ________ too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A.think B.to think C.thinking D.thought
【写作佳句】(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)Yesterday, Lin Tao’s speech on how to be a good volunteer was so wonderful that we couldn’t stop cheering for him.昨天,林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。
考点28 decide
... so I decided to make her a birthday card by myself. ...因此我决定自己为她制作一张生日卡片。(教材第52页)
decide此处用作及 物动词,意为“决定”,后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。其名词形式为decision.
Eg. She decided to live in London.她决定住在伦敦。
Let's first decide where we should go.咱们先决定一下应该到什么地方去吧。
辨析 decide与make up one's mind
①decide指经过思考、询问或讨论后做出判断或决定去做某事。
Eg. She decided to catch up with others.她决定赶上其他人。
②make up one's mind意为“下定决心做某事”,表示不再犹豫不决。
Eg. She made up her mind to work hard.她决心努力工作。
【经典练】
1.—How can we help the poor children?
—We decide ________ on an art show to raise money.
A.to put B.putting C.put
【写作佳句】They are pleased with our products, and they decide to buy more.他们对我们的产品很满意,决定多买一些。
考点29 go wrong
Lots of tings went wrong during that time在那段时间,许多事情出错了。(教材第52页)
go wrong 意为“弄错犯错(机器)出故障”。wrong此处用作副词,意为“错误地,不对”。
Eg. The television often goes wrong.这台电视机经常出故障。
If you read the instructions carefully, you will see where you went wrong.如果仔细阅读说明书,你就会知道你错在哪儿了。
[拓展] wrong 还可用作形容词,意为“错误的,不正确的”.其反义词为right或correct
Eg. He went to the wrong room.他走错了房间。
【经典练】
1.If you make some bad friends,maybe you ______.
A.go wrong B.will go wrong
C.going wrong D.goes wrong
【写作佳句】(2021秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末)The Internet will go wrong if ten million of people download(下载)programmes at the same time.如果数百万人同时下载节目,互联网就会出错。
考点30 cut out
I also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and stuck it on the cover.我还剪了-张彩色的气球图画 ,把它粘贴在封面上。(教材第52页)
(1)cut out意为“剪出” ,常表示剪出某种形状,该短语是“动词+副词”结构,当名词作宾语时,名词放于cut与out之间或out后都可以;但当人称代词作宾语时,人称代词只能放于cut与out之间。
Eg. The children are cutting out some square孩子们正在剪出一些正方形。
[拓展] cut的常见短语:cut up切碎
cut down减少 cut..into.把.切....
cut in插嘴 cut off切掉
(2)stick此处用作动词, 意为“粘住,粘贴”,过去式为stuck。stick sth. on/to sth. 把某物粘到某物上。
Eg. Please stick the stamp on the envelope.假榭只请把邮票贴到信封上。
[拓展] stick 作动词时,还意为“刺,戳,插"。
Eg. Tom is sticking a pin into a board.汤姆正把一枚大头针插入木板。
(3)cover此处用作可数名词, 意为“封面;盖子,罩”。
Eg. The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。
A dust cover hung over the painting.这幅画上面挂着防尘罩。
【经典练】
1.You can ________ useless information in the article to make it easier to understand.
A.work out B.hand out C.cut out
【写作佳句】(2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—Honey, could you help me cut out the picture of colorful balloons from the paper?—亲爱的,你能帮我从纸上剪下彩色气球的图片吗?
考点31 complete
When I completed the card, there was paint on everything: ....当我完成这张卡片时,在所有的东西上都有颜料: .... (教材第52页)
complete及物动词,意为“完成”,与finish同义。
Eg. When did he complete it?他是什么时候完成它的?
The pupil completed his homework early in the morning. 这个学生上午很早就完成了家庭作业。
[拓展] complete 还可用作形容词,意为“完整的;整个的”。
Eg. His answer is complete.他的回答是完整的。
Please tell me your complete address.请告诉我你的地址全称。
【经典练】
1.Jack loves his parents very much and often feels ________ relaxed when he is staying with them.
A.luckily B.suddenly C.normally D.completely
2.Children ________ the cartoons like Kung Fu Panda because they are funny.
A.request B.punish C.complete D.prefer
【写作佳句】When the natural park is completed , it will be a good place for people to relax.自然公园建成后,将是人们放松的好地方。
入
一.祈使句
祈使句
当我们向他人发出命令,提出要求或建议时,常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时you(听话人),通常不明确表示出来。
2. 结构
1) 肯定结构
① Do型(以行为动词原形开头),如:Sit down! 坐下! Stand up! 起立!
② Be型(以be开头), 如: Be quiet! 安静! Be careful!小心!
③ Let型(以let开头)
【注意】①let’s是let us的简略式。
②表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,
构成句式:Please …或 …, please. 以使语气更加缓和或客气。
2)否定结构,一律在肯定结构前加 Do not (Don’t)。
3)反义疑问句
例: Have a rest, won’t you?
Don’t run, will you?
Let us go, will you?
Let’s go, shall we?
【注意】1. 肯定祈使句的反义疑问句用 will you, 否定祈使句的反义疑问句用 won’t you;
2. Let’s 开头的祈使句的反义疑问句只能是 shall we。
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
Do型:动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
Have a seat here.这边坐。
Be型:Be+n/adj+其他成分。
Be a good child!要做一个好孩子!
Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let me help you.让我来帮你。
否定句
Do型和Be型均在句首加Don’t构成。
Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到!
Let型的否定形式有两种:
Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。
Don’t let him go.
=Let him not go.
反义疑问句
祈使句+will you/won’t you?
Open the window,will you?
Let us不包括听话者在内,指示对听话者说,反义疑问句的主语仍然为you
Let us play with snow,will you?
让我们玩雪,好吗?
Let us play with snow,shall we?
咱们玩雪吧,好吗?
Let’s是表示第一人称的祈使句,包含说话者,所以反义疑问句的主语为we.
※(1)有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
This way,please.=Go this way, please.
(2) 有些祈使句可用No开头,用来表示禁止。
No smoking!禁止吸烟!
(3) 为了使祈使句听来比较客气,委婉,除了用please外,句末还可用will you。
Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章,好吗?
(4) 在祈使句的前面加上do可以加强语气,有make sure(一定,务必)的意思。
Do remember to call me.
(5) 祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。
--Don’t smoke here.
--Sorry,I won’t.
语法二:should 和had better
1、should情态动词,意为“应该,应当”。用来表示劝告或提建议,没有人称和数的变化,其后接动词原形,否定形式为: shouldn't+动词原形。
Eg. He should work harder.他应该更加努力工作。
You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你母亲做家务。
You should go there at once.你应该立刻去那儿。
[拓展] should的用法:
①should表示要求、命令。
Eg. Passengers should proceed Gate12.乘客请前往12号登机口登机。
②should表示推测。
Eg. His backpack should be in the classroom.他的背包应该在教室里。
2、had better意为“最好”,没有人称、数和时态的变化,可简写为“'d better",其后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。可用于提出建议、劝告或表示种愿望。含有“应该做”之意,不十分客气,所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈,不用于对长辈。had better的两种形式:
①肯定形式: had better +动词原形, 意为“最好做....”。
Eg. You'd better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。
②否定形式: had better+ not+动词原形,意为“最好不做....”
Eg. You had better not miss the last bus. 你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
单元话题写作
DIY是英文Do It Yourself的缩写,译为“自己动手做”。简言之,就是“亲力亲为”,原本是指不依赖或聘用专业的工匠,利用适当的工具和材料,自己来进行居家住宅的修缮工作。现在DIY概念不断扩大化,演变成了一种以休闲、发挥个人创意或培养爱好为目的的社会风尚。那么怎么样写好有关DIY的文章呢?
首先我们要做到语言准确、简洁、有条理,符合逻辑,思路清晰,让读者一目了然。在写作中要注意以下事项:第一,对于所要描述的物品有较深刻的认识和了解,头脑中要像放幻灯片一样把材料和制作流程进行一次形象的再现;第二,列出材料表,并注明各种材料的量;第三,列出写作中需要的关键词汇和句型。在列举句型时尽量考虑到复合句、简单句、长句和短句有机结合,富于变化,使文章生动。
【常用词汇】
instruction指示
tool工具
repair修补
advise建议,忠告,劝告
had better最好
by oneself独自
make a mistake犯错误
with one’s help在某人的帮助下
tidy up收拾,整理
go wrong弄错;犯错;(机器)出故障
be crazy about对……着迷
【常用句型】
I decided to...,and then I put...
When I read...,I hope...
When you do DIY,you make,repair things or decorate things by yourself instead of paying someone to do it.
Sometimes,it takes a long time to do a DIY job.You’d better be patient.
Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.
Books couldn’t stay here because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.
We had fun working together.
教材中出现的相关句型:
1.First,pick a piece of bread.Then put some tomato sauce on it.首先,拿一片面包。然后往上面放一些番茄酱。
2.I decided to...by myself.我决定亲自……
3.I...because... 我……因为……
4.We had fun working together.我们一起工作很愉快。
5.Finally/In the end,... 最后,……
其他拓展句型:
1.I need some paper,glue and a pair of scissors.我需要一些纸、胶水和一把剪刀。
2.He loves to repair things and decorate his house.他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。
3.He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom,but he made a mistake.他曾经尝试在卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了一个错误。
4.Cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors.用剪刀剪出几张卡片。
【典型例题】
假设暑假期间,你在美国度假。请根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,向当地的朋友介绍怎样做西瓜冷饮。
要点:1.所需材料:一些西瓜、一杯橘汁、三勺糖、冰激凌;
2.制作过程:先切西瓜,再将西瓜放入冰箱20至30分钟,接着将其他材料倒入混合搅拌,最后放进玻璃杯。
【审题思路】
1.审人称:本文主要是向别人介绍如何制作西瓜冷饮,应以第二人称为主。
2.审时态:本文是关于西瓜冷饮的做法说明,应用一般现在时。
3.注意事项:
(1)介绍制作步骤时,可适当使用连接词,使文章条理清晰;
(2)适当使用本单元所学的祈使句,使文章语言简洁明了。
【写作提纲】
【优秀范文】
Many of you must want something cold and tasty to drink in summer.Now you can DIY some,for example,a watermelon cooler.
To make a watermelon cooler,you need some watermelon,a cup of orange juice and three spoons of sugar.First of all,cut the watermelon into small pieces.Then put them into a fridge and take them out 20 to 30 minutes later.And then mix them together with the orange juice and sugar.To make the cooler nicer,you can add some ice cream in it.Now,it is finished.Put it in a glass and enjoy it!
实战演练
当今社会,人们的环保意识越来越强,DIY也越来越受欢迎。请你根据下表内容,用英语向你的朋友介绍一下DIY并提出你对做DIY的建议。短文应包含所有给出的信息,并适当发挥,词数90左右。
含义
意思是“自己做”,是一种积极的生活方式;
优点
1. 有趣,能从中得到快乐;
2. ……(自拟一条);
缺点
1. 危险,有时如果粗心可能会伤着自己;
2. 要花费更多的时间;
学习途 径
1. 可以向老师、家长或朋友学习;
2. ……(自拟一条);
建议
……(自拟一至两条)
I would like to tell you something about DIY.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【必备短语】
1 had better 最好
2 stand for 代表;象征
3 instead of 而不是,代替
4 make some paper roses 制作纸玫瑰
5 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
6 be crazy about 对……着迷
7 put in 安装
8 make a mistake 犯错误
9 fill…with… 用……填装
10 paint it blue 把它涂成蓝色
11 not only…but (also) 不仅……而且……
12 cut…into 把……切成
13 for example 例如
14 next door 在隔壁
15 tidy up 整理好
16 keep it secret 保密
17 keep doing sth. 反复做某事
18 in the end 最后
【核心句型】
1 Here are clear instruction. 这儿有清楚的指示、
2 You’d better get some tools. 你最好拿一些工具
3 When you do DIY, you make, repair of decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 当你‘自己动手做’的时候,你自己做,修理或装饰东西,而不是付钱给别人做。
4 Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. 现在起居室不仅是蓝色,连天花板和地板也是蓝色。
5 They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other! 它们不能呆在那儿,因为架子的一端比另一端高!
6 Don’t paint the cat. 不要给猫涂色
7 Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 把一些较大的水果切成小块状。
8 Let’s make some sandwiches. 让我们制作一些三明治
9 I’m certain that I can fix it myself. 我相信我自己能修理。
10 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很愉快。
【重点语法】
一、 祈使句
定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.) (请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister. (对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger! (小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the grass. (勿践草坪。——禁止)
No parking. (禁止停车。——禁止)
表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构: 通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。
Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don’t say that again!别再那样说了!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
Don’t be careless.不要粗心。
2. Let型的否定式有两种:
“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和
“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照!
二、should 和 had better
(一)should 表示‘应当,应该’后接动词原形
should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not.
例如: I think you should eat less junk food.
我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games.
学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
(二)had better意为‘最好,应该’后接动词原型,否定形式:had better not do sth.
1. had better的基本用法特点
其意为“最好”、“应该”,后接动词原形,与情态动词should用法相似,其中的had通常缩略为‘d。如:
You'd better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会 儿。
We had better get there before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前就到达那里。
2.had better否定式
构成否定式时,通常将not置于had better 之后(而不是had之后);
如:
I'd better not disturb him. 我最好别去打扰他。
注意:
(1) had better 用于提出建议或请求时,并不是一个很客气委婉的表达,它暗示对方有
义务去做某事,因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等,而不宜反过来用。
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Module1 Unit 4 Do it yourself
Unit4
核心话题
自己动手
重点词汇
(一)识记类单词
1.指示n.______________ 2.工具n.______________
3.胶水n.______________ 4.绳索n.______________
5.[复]剪刀n.______________ 6.胶带n.______________
7.自己动手做n.______________ 8.精确地 adv.______________
9.修补 vt.______________ 10.玫瑰(花)n.______________
11.装饰 vt.______________ 12.句子n.______________
13.曾经adv.______________ 14.错误n.______________
15.使充满 vt.______________ 16.建议vt.&vi.______________
17.课程n.______________ 18.已经 adv.______________
19.出席 vt.&vi._____________ 20.反而,却adv.______________
21.哎呀excl.______________ 22.水管n.______________
23.天花板n.______________ 24.气球n.______________
25.狂热的adj.______________ 26.可怕的adj.______________
27.葡萄n.______________ 28.增加,补充vt.&.vi.___________
29.调羹n.______________ 30.沙拉n.______________
31.奶油;霜n.______________ 32.提示n.______________
33.例子n.______________ 34.使处于某种状态 vt.______________
35.调味汁n.______________ 36.火腿n.______________
37.完成adj.______________ 38.收拾,整理 vi.&.vt.______________
39.秘密的adj.______________ 40.错误地 adv.______________
41.封面n.______________ 42.完成 vt.______________
43.颜料n.______________ 44.家具n.______________
(二)应用类单词
1.“刷子n.______________→(复数)______________
2.架子n.______________→(复数)______________
3.剪下 vt.__________→(过去式)___________→(现在分词)____________
4.混合 vt.&vi.______________→adj.______________
5.草莓n.______________→(复数)______________
6.正确的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
7.确定的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
8.积极的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
9.可能的adj.______________→(反义词)______________
10.粘住 vt.&.vi.________→(过去式)____________
11.拼写 vt.&vi.__________→(过去式)______________
重点短语
1.最好______________ 2.对DIY着迷______________
3.看起来糟糕______________ 4.张贴一幅画______________
5.代表______________ 6.停电______________
7.整理好______________ 8.参加课程______________
9.出错______________ 10.用······填充······______________
11.决定做某事______________ 12.放弃______________
13. 一起工作很开心______________ 14.上DIY的课______________
15. 把它粘在封面上____________ 16.建议某人(不要)做某事______________
17.不断地把单词拼错______________
18.把它留在空气中一段时间______________
重点句型
1.You’d better get some tools.你最好先拿一些工具。
2.When you do DIY,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.当你自己动手做的时候,你会自己制作、修理或者装饰这些东西,而不是付钱让别人去做。
语法
一、祈使句 二、情态动词should和had better
写作
“亲力亲为”
答案:
1、 (一)略
(二)1.brush; brushes 2. shelf; shelves 3. cut; cut;cutting 4. mix;mixed 5. strawberry; strawberries 6. correct;incorrect 7. certain; uncertain 8. active; inactive 9. possible;impossible 10. stick; stuck 11. spell;spelt
二、1. had better 2. be crazy about DIY 3. look terrible 4. put up a picture 5. stand for 6.have a power cut 7. tidy up 8. attend lessons 9.go wrong 10. fill... with... 11. decide to do sth. 12. give up 13. have fun working together 14. take a course in DIY 15. stick it on the cover 16. advise sb. (not) to do sth.。 17.keep spelling the words wrong 18. leave it in the air for some time
考点1 instruction
1、Here are clear instructions. 这里有清楚的说明。(教材第42页)
instruction 可数名词,意为“指示,说明”,通常用复数形式instructions.
Eg. Always read the instructions before you start. 使用前务必阅读说明。
【经典练】
1.—Mum, is there anything wrong with my eyes?
—Luckily, nothing serious, but make sure you follow the doctor’s ________.
A.directions B.introductions C.applications D.instructions
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我的眼睛有什么毛病吗?——幸运的是,没什么大不了的,但是一定要遵循医生的指示。考查名词辨析。directions方向;introductions介绍;applications申请;instructions指示。根据“is there anything wrong with my eyes”和“follow the doctor’s”可知此处指“遵循医生的指示”。故选D。
【写作佳句】(2020秋·广东深圳·八年级统考期中)It will help you know the car’s information if you follow its instructions.如果你按照它的指示去做,它会帮助你了解汽车的信息。
考点2 had better意为“最好”
2、You'd better get some tools. 你最好去拿些工具来。(教材第42页)
'd better是 had better 的缩略形式。had better意为“最好”,后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一一种 愿望。
Eg. You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。
【经典练】
1.You had better ________ football near the street. It’s very dangerous.
A.not to play B.don’t play C.not play D.to not play
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你最好不要在街道附近踢足球。这很危险。
考查had better的用法。had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”,因此用动词原形play,其前加not。故选C。
【写作佳句】— These days, I am eating a lot and l don’t take exercise, so I’ve put on five pounds.—这些天,我吃得很多,又不锻炼,所以体重增加了五磅。
考点3 No problem!没问题! (教材第42页)
no problem 意为“没问题”,可用来表示同意或愉快地答应对方的请求。
Eg. --- Could you post the letter for me? 请你帮我寄这封信好吗? ---No problem.没问题。
---Can you help me?你能帮我吗? --- No problem.没问题。
[拓展] No problem.还可以用于以下情境:
①回答感谢,意为“不用谢,别客气”。
Eg. ---Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。 ---No problem. 不用谢。
②回答道歉,意为“没关系;没什么”。
Eg. ---I' m sorry to keep you waiting too long. 对不起,让你久等了。 ---No problem.没关系。
③表示有能力做某事,意为“没问题;不在话下”
Eg. ---Can you finish the work in an hour? 你能在一小时之内完成这项 工作吗? ---No problem.没问题。
【经典练】
1.—Could you please take the dog for a walk? I am busy now.
—________. I also want to take a walk.
A.Feel free B.No problem C.No way D.Better not
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能带狗狗去散步吗?我现在很忙。——没问题,我也想散散步了。
考查情景交际。Feel free请随意;No problem没问题;No way不可能;Better not最好不要。根据后文“I also want to take a walk.”可知,是答应了对方的请求。故选B。
【写作佳句】No problem. I will go to your home after breakfast.没问题。早餐后我会去你家。
考点4 scissors
1、scissors 名词复数形式,意为“剪刀”, 因剪刀是由两部分构成的,故常用复数形式。若表示其数量应借助于名词pair.
a pair of scissors一把剪刀
two pairs of scissors两把剪刀
[拓展]类似用法的单词还有:gasses (眼镜),gloves(手套),shoes (鞋)trousers (裤子)等。
【经典练】
1.Paper cutting is a kind of traditional art which is made with ________ in China.
A.pens B.scissors C.machines D.robots
【答案】B
【详解】句意:剪纸在中国是用剪刀制作的一种传统艺术。
考查名词。pens钢笔;scissors剪刀;machines机器;robots机器人。根据“Paper cutting”可知,介绍剪纸这项艺术,应是用剪刀制作,故选B。
【写作佳句】(2023·天津河西·统考二模)The sheep farmers use the scissors to cut the wool off the sheep.养羊人用剪刀把羊毛从羊身上剪下。
考点5 exactly “确切地,精确地”
What's DIY exactly, Suzy? DIY确切地说是什么,苏西? (教材第43页)
exactly 副词,意为“确切地,精确地”。其形容词为exact,意为“确切的,精确的”。
Eg. Tell me exactly where Mary lives. 请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。
His answer is exactly right. 他的答案完全正确。
It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难说出她确切的年龄。
【经典练】
1.—Thinking critically and trying bravely are very important keys to young people.
—_________. They’re valuable qualities.
A.That’s not the case B.That’s all right
C.Exactly D.Don’t mention it
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——创造性地思考和勇敢地尝试对年轻人来说是非常重要的。——确实如此。它们是宝贵的品质。考查情景交际。That’s not the case事实并非如此;That’s all right没关系;Exactly正是如此,一点不错;Don’t mention it别客气。根据“They’re valuable qualities.”可知,赞同对方说的,认为创造性地思考和勇敢地尝试对年轻人来说确实是非常重要的。故选C。
【写作佳句】Look up the word in the dictionary (字典), and you will know its meaning exactly.在字典里查单词,你将会知道它的确切意思。
考点6 stand for
It stands for “do-it-yourself” . 它代表“自己动手做”。(教材第43页)
stand for 意为“代表,象征”。
Eg. PRC stands for People s Republic of China. PRC代表中华人民共和国。
The dove stands for peace. 鸽子象征着和平。
【经典练】
1.DIY _________ “Do-it-yourself”.
A.looks for B.waits for C.stands for D.cheers for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:DIY代表“自己动手制作”。
考查动词短语。looks for寻找;waits for等待;stands for代表;cheers for为……欢呼。根据“DIY...‘Do-it-yourself’”可知DIY代表“自己动手制作”。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模)—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.——我最喜欢数字“9”,因为我觉得它代表“长久”。
考点7 decorate
you make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.....你自己制作、修补或装饰东西,而不是付钱让某人做这些(事情)。(教材第43页)
decorate此处用作 及物动词,意为“装饰”。
decorate sth.with...意为“用...装饰某物”。
Eg. We usually decorate our walls and windows with paper cutting at the Spring Festival. 春节时,我们通常用剪纸来装饰我们的墙和窗户。
[辨析] instead of与instead
instead of
介词短语,意为“而不
是,代替”
后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,一般置于句首或句中,否定of后的内容。
instead
副词,意为“反而,代替”
常用于句首或句末,位于句首时其后常用逗号,肯定instead所在句的内容。
Eg. They went there on foot instead of by bus.他们没有坐公共汽车而是步行去的那里。
Instead of studying, she surfed the Internet.她没有学习,而是上网了。
It's too hot to walk. Instead, we'll go shopping.天太热了,不能去散步,我们打算改为去购物。
If you have no cream, use milk instead.你如果没有奶油,用牛奶代替好了。
[注意]instead of与instead可进行同义句转换。
Eg. She went swimming instead of playing basketball. =She didn't play basketball. She went swimming instead. 她去游泳了,而没有打篮球。
【经典练】
1.We don’t want to go wrong, so it is necessary for us to ________ before making the plan.
A.dislike B.discuss C.decide D.decorate
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们不想出错,因此在制定计划之前,我们有必要讨论一下。
考查动词词义辨析。dislike不喜欢;discuss讨论;decide决定;decorate装饰。根据“We don’t want to go wrong”,可推测有必要讨论一下。故选B。
【写作佳句】—I asked some workers to decorate my new house. But they hit a pipe and filled my room with water.——我让一些工人装修我的新房子。但是他们撞坏了一根水管,我的房间灌满了水。
考点8 something new
I enjoy making something new.我喜欢制作新东西。( 教材第43页)
形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置something new意为“新的事物”,其中something 是不定代词,new是形容词,形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等不定代词时要后置。
Eg. There is something new in today s newspaper.今天的报纸上有些新鲜事。
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。
【经典练】
1.—Is there ________ about TF boys on the Internet?
—No, there’s nothing on it.
A.something new B.new something C.new anything D.anything new
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——互联网上有关于TF boys的任何新信息吗? ——没有,没有任何信息。
考查代词辨析和定语后置。anything任何东西,任何事情,通常用于疑问句和否定句中;something某物,某事,通常用于肯定句中。根据“Is there…about TF boys on the Internet?”可知,此句是疑问句,应用anything,排除A、B;又因为形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,即不定代词+形容词,排除C。故选D。
【写作佳句】(2023·重庆江北·校考二模)Creativity is an important ability for anyone to create something new.创造力对任何人来说是一项重要的能力,它可以让人创造出新的东西。
考点9 be crazy about意为“对...着迷”
My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的表兄安德鲁对DIY着迷。(教材第44 页)
crazy 此处用作形容词,意为“着迷的,狂热的,发疯的”。be crazy about意为“对...着迷”,其中about是介词,后面跟名词、代词或动名词。
Eg. Tom is crazy about music.汤姆对音乐很着迷。
【经典练】
1.Not only my parents but also my sister ________ crazy about the Reader.
A.is B.are C.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不仅我的父母,而且我的妹妹也对这个阅读器很着迷。
考查主谓一致。Not only…but also遵循就近原则,谓语动词与离它最近的主语保持一致,此处应该与my sister保持一致,因此be动词用is。故选A。
2.I would rather ________ my winter vacation homework than ________ Tik Tok(抖音)all day.
A.pay attention; crazy about B.paying attention; crazy about
C.pay attention to; be crazy about D.paying attention to; being crazy about
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我宁愿把注意力放在寒假作业上,也不愿整天痴迷于抖音。
考查动词短语。pay attention to注意;be crazy about为……疯狂,痴迷于。根据“would rather do sth. than do sth.”“宁愿做……而不愿做……”可知应该使用动词原形短语:pay attention to和be crazy about。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2023·福建三明·统考二模)I am crazy about the world’s first two-seater flying car in Chongqing. I can’t wait to watch it.我对重庆的世界首款双座飞行汽车非常着迷,迫不及待想要看它。
考点10 once “曾经,一度”
He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.他曾经试图在他的卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了个错误。(教材第44 页)
(1) once 此处用作副词,意为“曾经,一度”,常与过去时连用,位于连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。当表示过去的经验或经历时,也可放在句首作状语。
Eg. This film was once very popular, but nobody see sit now. 这部影片曾经很受欢迎,可是现在没有人看它了。
I once lived in the south of China.我曾经住在中国的南方。
Once he worked in the factory.他从前在那家工厂工作过。
[拓展] once 作副词,还可意为“一次;一回”。
Eg. We go to see my grandparents once a week. 我们每周去看望爷爷奶奶一次。
(2)put in意为“安装”
Eg. They will put in new windows.他们要安装新窗户。
(3)make a mistake意为 “犯错误;弄错”,还可表示为make mistakes。mistake在此结构中是可数名词,意为“错误,失误”。表示“....方面犯错误”用make mistakes/a mistake ...
Eg. He made many mistakes in his spelling.他在拼写方面犯了许多错误。
[拓展] by mistake意为“错误地,无意地”。
Eg. Sorry, I took your bag by mistake.对不起,我错拿了你的包。
【经典练】
1.—________ do you go to visit your grandparents, Alice?
—Once a week.
A.How long B.How often C.How much D.How soon
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——爱丽丝,你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?——每周一次。考查特殊疑问句。How long多久,提问时间段;How often多久一次,提问频度;How much多少,提问不可数名词;How soon多久之后。根据题答语“Once a week.”可知问的是频度。故选B。
【写作佳句】(2023·福建厦门·统考一模)Once we have passed the exam, we’ll be able to relax.一旦我们通过了考试,我们就可以放松了。
考点11 put up
Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次,他想在他的卧室的墙上挂幅画,但是他敲裂了水管,弄得房间里到处都是水。(教材第44 页)
(1)put up动词短语, 意为“挂起,张贴,举起,搭建”。此短语为“动词+副词”结构,当名词作宾语时,名词可位于put与up之间,也可位于up之后;当人称代词作宾语时,人称代词只能位于put与up之间。
Eg. Please put up the picture on the wall. 请把这幅画挂到墙上。
Please put up your hands. 请举起你们的手。
My father put up a tent in front of the garden. 我爸爸在花园前面搭了个帐篷。
[拓展] put 的常见短语:
put on穿上,戴上,上演
put out伸出,扑灭
put away收起来,收好
put off推迟,拖延
(2)fill..with... 意为“用...填充...”。其中fill用作及物动词,意为“使充满”。
Eg. He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯里装满了水。
[拓展] be filled with相当于be full of,意为“装满...充满...”
Eg. The schoolbag is filled with books.
=The schoolbag is full of books.书包里装满了书。
【经典练】
1.—Put some butter on a piece of bread. What else?
—Next, ________ up some tomatoes.
A.cut B.cutting C.to cut
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——在一块面包上放一些黄油。还有什么? ——接下来,切一些西红柿。
考查祈使句。根据“... up some tomatoes.”可知祈使句应用动词原形开头,故选A。
2.During the Spring Festival, almost every family ________ the Spring Festival couplets(春联) on their doors to express sincere blessings and good wishes.
A.make up B.put up C.pick out D.put on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:春节期间,几乎每家每户都在门上贴春联,以表达真诚的祝福和良好的祝愿。
考查动词短语。make up编造;put up张贴;pick out挑选;put on穿上。根据“the Spring Festival couplets”可知,此处指贴春联,故选B。
【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷,和家人一起去钓鱼。
考点12 not only..but also...
Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的,连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。(教材第44页)
not only..but also... “不仅...”用于连接两个并列成分,着重强调后者,其中的also通常可省略。
Eg. The singer not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. 这个歌手不仅歌唱得好,而且舞也跳得美。
Jim is good at not only singing but also dancing. 吉姆不仅擅长唱歌,而且擅长跳舞。
[拓展]
①not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的形式与其靠近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
Eg. Not only you but also he has to leave now. 不只是你,他现在也得离开。
②若not only..but als...连接两个句子,且not only...位于句首时,not only之后的句子要使用部分倒装语序。
Eg. Not only did I go to Beijing, but also I went to Paris. 我不但去过北京,还去过巴黎。
③not only..but also..连接两个并列成分作句子的主语变为否定句时,应将not only...but also...换成neither...no... (既... ) ,谓语动词的形式仍然遵循“就近原则”。
Eg. Not only you but also I am interested in playing computer games. 不仅你对玩电脑游戏感兴趣,我也感兴趣。
Neither you nor I am interested in playing computer games. 你和我都对玩电脑游戏不感兴趣。
【经典练】
1.Not only Tom but also I ________ crazy about the football match.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不仅汤姆,我也对这场足球赛着迷。
考查主谓一致。be是,动词原形;am是,主语只能是第一人称I;is是,动词单数形式;are是,be动词复数形式。句子主语是由Not only…but also连接的,所以句中的谓语动词要用到“就近原则”,连接的两部分主语中I是离谓语最近的,所以这里应该用am。故选B。
2.Home is the best place where we can ________ get support ________ feel love.
A.neither; nor B.either; or C.between; and D.not only; but also
【答案】D
【详解】句意:家是最好的地方,在那里我们不仅可以得到支持,还能感受到爱。
考查短语辨析。neither…nor…既不……也不……;either…or…或者……或者……;between…and…在……与……之间,介词短语;not only…but also…不但……而且……。根据“Home is the best place”可知,在家里,我们不仅可以获得支持,也可以感受到爱。故选D。
【写作佳句】Nowadays, Tiktok (抖音) is widely used. Not only the young but also the old are interested in it.如今,抖音被广泛使用。不仅年轻人对它感兴趣,老年人也对此感兴趣。
考点13 above
When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, ' No problem!"当我想要在我的床上方安装一个架子时,他说:“没问题!"(教材第44页)
[辨析] above, over与on
三个词都可意为“在...之上”。
Above 两物体不接触,多用于不垂直的“上方”,反义词是below
Over 两物体不接触,多用于垂直的“正上方”,与under互为反义词
On 一物体在另一物体的表面上,与物体表面接触
【经典练】
1.—Is Mount Qomolangma the highest mountain on the Earth?
—Yes. Its new height is 8,848.86 meters ________ the sea level.
A.from B.along C.above D.with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最高的山吗? ——对。它的新高度是海拔8848.86米。考查介词辨析。from从……;along沿着……;above在……上;with和,用。根据“the sea level”可知,这里说的是海平面上,above符合语境。 故选C。
【写作佳句】(2023春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末)—I think they need many things, but above all, they need love from their parents.—我认为他们需要许多东西,但最重要的是他们需要来自父母的爱。
考点14 the other
They couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们无法摆在上面,因为架子的一端比另一端高得多!(教材第44页)
(1)one...the other..意为“ (两者中的)一个 ...另一个- ...”.
Eg. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and the other is doctor.我有两个哥哥。一个是老师,另一个是医生。
(2)shelf 可数名词,意为“(橱柜或书架等的)架子,搁板”,其复数形式为shelves。
Eg. There' re many shelves in the room.房间里有许多架子。
【经典练】
1.We have two more classes. ________ is physics, and ________ is music.
A.One... another B.Some... others C.One... the other
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们还有两节课,一节是物理,另一节是音乐。
考查代词用法。One... another一个……另一个(三者或以上的另一个);Some... others一些……另一些;One... the other一个……另一个(指两者之间)。根据“two more classes”可知是两节课,即两者之间。故选C。
【写作佳句】Not long ago, our country sent two small satellites into space. One weighed 204 kilos, and the other weighed 104 kilos.不久前,我国向太空发射了两颗小型卫星。一个重达204公斤,另一个重达104公斤。
考点15 advise
I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了些关于DIY的书,我也建议他学习DIY课程。(教材第44页)
advise 及物动词,意为“建议”,其用法如下:
①advise doing sth.“建议做某事”
Eg. He advised leaving early. 他建议早点儿动身。
②advise sb. ( not ) to do sth. “建议某人(不要)做某事”
Eg. He advised me to buy a computer. 他建议我买台电脑。
③advise sb. against doing sth. “劝告某人不要做某事”
Eg. He advised her against going out at night. 他劝她晚上不要出去。
[拓展] advice 不可数名词,意为“建议:劝告,
Eg. Please give me some advice.请给我提一些建议
【经典练】
1.—Tony, can you tell me how to improve my English writing skills?
—Of course. I advise you ________ a diary in English every day.
A.to keep B.keeping C.kept D.keep
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——托尼,你能告诉我如何提高我的英语写作技巧吗?——当然。我建议你每天用英语写日记。考查非谓语动词。advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”,使用动词不定式作宾语补足语,故选A。
2.—I want to be healthy. Could you give me some ______, doctor?
—Sure. You should exercise every day and eat healthy food.
A.advise B.medicine C.advice
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我想要健康。医生,你能给我一些建议吗?——当然。你应该每天锻炼,吃健康的食物。考查名词辨析。advise建议,动词;medicine药,名词;advice建议,不可数名词。根据“You should exercise every day and eat healthy food.”可知,问句中是想要“建议”。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2022秋·河北·八年级校联考期末)Evans caught a cold. His friend advised him to drink more water.埃文斯感冒了。他的朋友建议他多喝水。
考点16 already “已经”
But this just made him angry ----he says he already knows everything about it但这只能使他生气 他说他对DIY已经无所不知了。(教材第44 页)
already 副词,意为“已经”,一般用于肯定句中,用于疑问句时表示惊讶的语气。
Eg. They continued working, though it was already midnight.虽然已是午夜,但他们还在继续工作。
[拓展] yet 副词,意为“尚,还”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。
Eg. It isn't time to go yet.还没到走的时候。
【经典练】
1.—Have you read Oliver Twist ________?
—Yes, I’ve ________ read it three times.
A.already; yet B.yet; already C.already; already D.yet; yet
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你读过《雾都孤儿》吗?——读过。我已经读了它三次。
考查副词辨析。already“已经”,用于肯定句;yet“仍然,还”,用于否定句或疑问句。根据“Have you read Oliver Twist”可知,第一空应用yet;根据“I’ve ...read it three times.”是肯定句可知,第二空用already。故选B。
考点17 attend
So instead,l am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. 因此,反倒是我自己在读所有的这些书,并且每周六去去上课。(教材第44页)
attend此处用作及物动间意为“经常去,定期”(某处)”。
Eg. We'd like as many people as possible to attend. 我们希望出席的人越多越好。
1、We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something.当我们想告诉人们不要做某事时,我们在动词前面加do not或don't。(教材第47 页)
tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”,其否定形式是tell sb. not to do sth,意为“告诉某人不要做某事”
Eg. Tell him not to come tomorrow. 告诉他明天别来。
[拓展]
①tell 后常跟双宾语,即tell sb. sth. =-tell sth. To sb.,意为“告诉某人某事”
Eg. Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉她了吗?
②有关tell的常用短语
tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
Tell a story讲故事
Tell a joke讲笑话
Tell a lie说谎
Tell the truth说实话
【经典练】
1.—Haven’t seen you for days. Where have you been?
—I went to Hong Kong and ________ an international meeting for a week.
A.took part in B.attended C.joined D.joined in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——好几天没见你了。你到哪里去了?——我去了香港,参加了为期一周的国际会议。考查动词辨析。take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用;attend是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议,婚礼,典礼等;joined指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一;joined in参加,后接具体的活动。根据“an international meeting”可知,出席国际会议,故选B。
【写作佳句】(2023·河北衡水·统考二模)Linda and Dave are busy practicing running these days. They will attend the sports meeting.琳达和戴夫这几天正忙于练习跑步。他们将参加运动会。
考点18 give up
Please don’t give up请不要放弃。(教材第47页)
give up 意为“放弃”,后接名词、代词或动名后接 人称代词作宾语时,词作宾语。give up
人称代词要放在give与up之间。
Eg. Tom isn't good at maths, but he won't give it up. 汤姆不擅长数学,但他不会放弃。
To keep healthy, you should give up smoking. 为了保持健康,你应该戒烟。
【经典练】
1.—We should be kind to the young and care for the old.
—You’re right. We should ________ the seats to people in need.
A.give out B.give up C.give in D.give away
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们应该善待年轻人,照顾老年人。——你说得对。我们应该把座位让给有需要的人。考查动词短语。give out分发; give up放弃;give in屈服;give away赠送。根据“We should ... the seats to people in need.”可知,此处是指让座给有需要的人,give up one’s seat to sb.“把座位让给某人”,固定搭配。故选B。
【写作佳句】If you want to keep fit, you must give up smoking.如果你想保持健康,你就必须戒烟。
考点19 be late for意为“迟到”
You had better not be late for school. 你最好上学不要迟到。(教材第48页)
be late for意为“迟到”。
Eg. Please don't be late for shoo! 请不要上学迟到!
She hates to be late for work. 她不喜欢上班迟到。
【经典练】
1.—________ be late for school next time.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A.Don’t B.Won’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——下次上学不要迟到。——对不起,我不会了。
考查祈使句。Don’t不要;Won’t将不;Aren’t不是;Can’t不能。根据“...be late for school next time.”可知,此处为祈使句的否定形式,应用Don’t+动词原形。故选A。
【写作佳句】You will make your teacher unhappy. That’s why you mustn’t be late for school.你会使老师不开心的。那就是为什么你上学不准迟到。
考点20 Without
begin your work without reading them没有阅读就开始你的工作(救材第48页)
Without 介词,意为“没有,无”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,反义词是with.
Eg. Man can't live without water. 没有水人类就无法生存。
She entered the room without knocking on/at the door. 她没敲门就进了房间。
【经典练】
1.—Have you had breakfast?
—No. I got up at half past seven and went to school _________ breakfast.
A.on B.with C.at D.without
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你吃早饭了吗?——没有。我七点半起床,没吃早饭就去上学了。
考查介词词义辨析。on在……上面;with和;at在……时刻或地点;without没有。由“Have you had breakfast?”和“No.”可知说话者没有吃早饭,应用without。故选D。
【写作佳句】(2022秋·云南昆明·八年级统考期末)We will bring Ms. Steen to the party without calling her so that she can be surprised.我们不给斯蒂恩女士打电话就带她来参加聚会,这样她就能惊喜了。
考点21 Sometimes
Sometimes it'll take time to do a DIY job.有时做项DIY工作会花费时间。(教材第48页)
[辨析] sometimes, some times, sometime与sometime
sometimes
有时,不时
副词,表示动作发生的频 率,相当于at times
用how often提问
some times
几次,几倍
time是可数名词,意为“次数,倍”
用how many times提问
sometime
在某一时候
副词,表示过去或将来一个不确切的时间
用when提问
some time
一段时间
其中time为不可数名词,意为“时间”
用how long提问
Eg. Sometimes I go to school by bike.我有时骑自行车去上学。
We have met some times before.我们之前见过几次面。
Maybe we'll meet sometime next year.或许明年某个时候我们会见面。
It will take me some time to read this book.读这本书要花费我一些时间。
[助记]
some time, sometime, some times与sometimes
分开“一段(时间)”,相聚“某个时候”,“几次”分开带s,“有时”相聚加S。
【经典练】
1.Mr. Wang wants to know a lot about Paris, so he plans to go there _______ this year.
A.some time B.some times C.sometime D.sometimes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:王先生想了更多了解巴黎,因此他今年打算某个时间去那里。
考查副词辨析。some time一些时间;some times几次;sometime某时;sometimes有时候。此处表示“今年的某个时候去巴黎”,应用sometime。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2022秋·辽宁沈阳·八年级统考期中)Sometimes we may be unaware of some computers, because they are tiny .有时我们可能不知道一些计算机,因为它们很微小。
考点22 mix
Mix them together.把它们混合在一起。( 教材第49页)
mix此处用作及物动词, 意为“混合”。mix...together“把....混合在 一起” ,mix up“混合在-起,弄乱”,mix... with... 把... 混合
Eg. Mix the butter and sugar together. 把黄油和糖混合在一起。
Someone mixed up all the forms. 有人把所有的表格都弄乱了。
We can't mix oil with water. 我们不能把油和水混合起来。
【经典练】
1.The cook ________ the meat ________ flour (面粉) to make dinner.
A.mixed; up B.mixed; at C.mixed; of D.mixed; with
【答案】D
【详解】句意:厨师把肉和面粉混合在一起做晚饭。
考查动词短语。根据“…the meat…flour”可知,应该是“把面粉和肉混合在一起”,mix…with…“混合在一起”符合题意。故选D。
【写作佳句】I have mixed up your words so I don’t know what to do next.我把你的话弄混淆了,因此不知道下一步该怎么做了。
考点23 add
Add some salad cream if you like.你如果喜欢可以加些沙拉奶油。(教材第49页)
add 及物动词,意为“增加,补充”。
add..to...把...添加到...里
add to“增加,
add up to“总计为”
Eg. Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。
If you add 4 to 5,you get 9. 4加5等于9。
The bad weather added to our difficulties.糟糕的天气增加了我们的困难。
These numbers add up to 100.这些数字的总数是100。
【经典练】
1.—Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday?
—OK. Let’s ________ it________ the weekend plan.
A.put; to B.put; with C.add; to D.add; with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Peter,这个星期天我们去野餐好吗?——好的。我们把它加到周末计划里吧。
考查动词短语辨析。put…to把……放到……;put…with用……放……;add…to把……加到……;add…with把……和……相加。根据“Let’s … it …the weekend plan”可知,把这个提议加到周末计划里,故选C。
【写作佳句】Remember to add some salt to the noodles.记得在面条里加点盐。
考点24 For example
For example, mixing red apples, green(5) pears, purple grapes and (6) oranges together will make the salad look very colourful.例如,把红色的苹果,绿色的(5) 梨,紫色的葡萄和(6)橘子混合在一起,这样会使沙拉看起来非常鲜艳。(教材第50页)
[辨析] for example与such as两者都意为“例如”,但用法上有区别。
for example常只列举同类人或事物中的一个例子, 在句中作插入语.可置于句首、句中或句末。
such as 常用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。
Eg. He, for example, is a good student. 例如,他就是个好学生。
He knows four languages, such as Chinese and English. 他懂得四种语言,如汉语和英语。
【经典练】
1.When I go camping, I usually bring lots of things. ________, a sleeping bag and a map.
A.Of course B.For example C.In the end D.All in all
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我去露营的时候,我通常会带很多东西。例如,一个睡袋和一张地图。
考查介词短语辨析。Of course当然;For example例如;In the end最后;All in all总而言之。根据“a sleeping bag and a map”可知,此处举例说明所带的东西,应填For example。故选B。
【写作佳句】(2023·安徽合肥·合肥市庐阳中学校考三模)There are a lot of ways to protect the environment. For example, we can take our own bags instead of asking for plastic bags when shopping.有很多方法可以保护环境。例如,我们可以自己带袋子,而不是在购物时要塑料袋。
考点25 prepare
Prepare the fruit salad (7) just before you are going to eat it. (7)在你打算吃之前准备水果沙拉。(教材第50页)
prepare 此处为及物动词,意为“准备”,后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。prepare还可作不及物动词,主要有以下用法:
(1)prepare sth. 准备某事
Eg. Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 当我进办公室时,我们的英语老师正在备课。
(2)prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
Eg. She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她为我们准备了可口的早餐。
(3)prepare to do sth. 准备做某事,相当于
ready to do sth.o
Eg. They were preparing to Cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河,这时天开始下雨了。
(4)prepare for sth.为某事做准备,相当于get ready for
Eg. The students are preparing for the exam.学生们正在准备考试。
【经典练】
1.—Would you like to come to my party on Saturday afternoon?
—I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I have to prepare ________ a test.
A.in B.for C.to D.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——星期六下午你愿意来参加我的聚会吗?——我很想去,但是恐怕不行。我得准备考试。考查介词辨析。in在……里;for为了;to向;at在某地。根据“I have to prepare...a test.”可知,此处要用动词短语prepare for sth“为某事做准备”。故选B。
【写作佳句】She cut herself while she was preparing lunch.—她在准备午饭时割伤了自己。
考点26 leave
...when you leave it (9) in the air for some time.当你把它放置(9) 在空气中一段时间时..... (教材第50页)
leave用作及物动词,意为“使处于某种状态”,常接形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。
Eg. Leave the door open.让门开着吧。
I'll just leave the engine running when I go in.我进去时不会关闭引擎。
[拓展]
①leave a message“留口信”
Eg. I left a message on your answering machine. 我在你的电话应答机上留言了。
②leave..for... 意为离开...去...
Eg. My father left Beijing for Shanghai yesterday. 我爸爸昨天离开北京去了上海。
③leave sb. sth.意为“把某物留给某人”。
Eg. His parents died, only leaving him a house. 他的父母去世了,只留给他一幢房子。
④leave用作不及物动词,意为“离开”。
Eg. The train will leave at six tomorrow morning. 火车明早六点出发。
[辨析] leave 与forget
leave用作及物动词,可意为“忘了带,丢下”,常用结构为“leave sb./sth.+地点状语”。而forget后跟名词或动词不定式,意为“忘记...”指大脑不能记起或回忆不起某事。
Eg. Jim forgot to take the money with him. He left the wallet on the table. 吉姆忘记带钱了,他把钱包落在了桌子上。
【经典练】
1.—Hello, is that Jim speaking? This is Peter speaking.
—Sorry. Jim ________ for the station to meet his father. His train ________ at 2: 30 p.m.
A.will leave; will arrive B.leaves; was arriving
C.is leaving; was arriving D.is leaving; arrives
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——喂,是吉姆吗?我是彼得。——很抱歉。吉姆要去车站接他的父亲。他的火车下午两点半到达。考查时态。根据“Jim...for the station”可知,吉姆将要去车站,动作发生在将来,leave“离开”在表示将要发生的动作时,要用现在进行时表示,故第一个空填is leaving;根据“His train...at 2: 30 p.m.”可知,他的火车下午两点半到达,火车按照时刻表出发,用一般现在时,故第二个空填arrives。故选D。
【写作佳句】(2023·云南·统考中考真题)It’s a good habit to turn off the lights when you leave a room.离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。
考点27 stop
Can we stop cleaning the house and make some food? 我们可以停止打扫房子去做些食物吗? (教材第50页)
[辨析] stop doingsth与stop to do sth.
stop doing sth.“停止做某事”,表示停止正在做的事情。
stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”,表示停止正在做的事情而去做动词不定式所表示的事情。
Eg. Stop talking, please. Let's sing an English song. 请不要说话了。让我们唱首英文歌吧。
We are tired. Let's stop to have a rest. 我们累了。让我们停下来歇会儿吧。
【经典练】
1.You have to stop ________ too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A.think B.to think C.thinking D.thought
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你不能想太多,跟着自己的心走吧。考查非谓语动词。根据“You have to stop ... too much and just go where your heart takes you.”可知,此处是指不能想太多,stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)Yesterday, Lin Tao’s speech on how to be a good volunteer was so wonderful that we couldn’t stop cheering for him.昨天,林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。
考点28 decide
... so I decided to make her a birthday card by myself. ...因此我决定自己为她制作一张生日卡片。(教材第52页)
decide此处用作及 物动词,意为“决定”,后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。其名词形式为decision.
Eg. She decided to live in London.她决定住在伦敦。
Let's first decide where we should go.咱们先决定一下应该到什么地方去吧。
辨析 decide与make up one's mind
①decide指经过思考、询问或讨论后做出判断或决定去做某事。
Eg. She decided to catch up with others.她决定赶上其他人。
②make up one's mind意为“下定决心做某事”,表示不再犹豫不决。
Eg. She made up her mind to work hard.她决心努力工作。
【经典练】
1.—How can we help the poor children?
—We decide ________ on an art show to raise money.
A.to put B.putting C.put
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我们怎样才能帮助那些贫穷的孩子呢?——我们决定举办一场艺术展来筹集资金。考查非谓语动词。根据decide to do sth.“决定做某事”可知,此处应用动词不定式to put。故选A。
【写作佳句】They are pleased with our products, and they decide to buy more.他们对我们的产品很满意,决定多买一些。
考点29 go wrong
Lots of tings went wrong during that time在那段时间,许多事情出错了。(教材第52页)
go wrong 意为“弄错犯错(机器)出故障”。wrong此处用作副词,意为“错误地,不对”。
Eg. The television often goes wrong.这台电视机经常出故障。
If you read the instructions carefully, you will see where you went wrong.如果仔细阅读说明书,你就会知道你错在哪儿了。
[拓展] wrong 还可用作形容词,意为“错误的,不正确的”.其反义词为right或correct
Eg. He went to the wrong room.他走错了房间。
【经典练】
1.If you make some bad friends,maybe you ______.
A.go wrong B.will go wrong
C.going wrong D.goes wrong
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你交了损友,也许你会犯错。
本题考查一般将来时。这是个if引导的条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”的原则。主语用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故选B。
【写作佳句】(2021秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末)The Internet will go wrong if ten million of people download(下载)programmes at the same time.如果数百万人同时下载节目,互联网就会出错。
考点30 cut out
I also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and stuck it on the cover.我还剪了-张彩色的气球图画 ,把它粘贴在封面上。(教材第52页)
(1)cut out意为“剪出” ,常表示剪出某种形状,该短语是“动词+副词”结构,当名词作宾语时,名词放于cut与out之间或out后都可以;但当人称代词作宾语时,人称代词只能放于cut与out之间。
Eg. The children are cutting out some square孩子们正在剪出一些正方形。
[拓展] cut的常见短语:cut up切碎
cut down减少 cut..into.把.切....
cut in插嘴 cut off切掉
(2)stick此处用作动词, 意为“粘住,粘贴”,过去式为stuck。stick sth. on/to sth. 把某物粘到某物上。
Eg. Please stick the stamp on the envelope.假榭只请把邮票贴到信封上。
[拓展] stick 作动词时,还意为“刺,戳,插"。
Eg. Tom is sticking a pin into a board.汤姆正把一枚大头针插入木板。
(3)cover此处用作可数名词, 意为“封面;盖子,罩”。
Eg. The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。
A dust cover hung over the painting.这幅画上面挂着防尘罩。
【经典练】
1.You can ________ useless information in the article to make it easier to understand.
A.work out B.hand out C.cut out
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你可以删去文章中无用的信息,使之更容易理解。
考查动词短语。work out计算出;hand out分发;cut out删除。根据“useless information in the article to make it easier to understand.”可知,是指把文章中无用的信息删掉,故选C。
【写作佳句】(2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—Honey, could you help me cut out the picture of colorful balloons from the paper?—亲爱的,你能帮我从纸上剪下彩色气球的图片吗?
考点31 complete
When I completed the card, there was paint on everything: ....当我完成这张卡片时,在所有的东西上都有颜料: .... (教材第52页)
complete及物动词,意为“完成”,与finish同义。
Eg. When did he complete it?他是什么时候完成它的?
The pupil completed his homework early in the morning. 这个学生上午很早就完成了家庭作业。
[拓展] complete 还可用作形容词,意为“完整的;整个的”。
Eg. His answer is complete.他的回答是完整的。
Please tell me your complete address.请告诉我你的地址全称。
【经典练】
1.Jack loves his parents very much and often feels ________ relaxed when he is staying with them.
A.luckily B.suddenly C.normally D.completely
【答案】D
【详解】句意:杰克非常爱他的父母,和他们在一起时,他经常感到完全地放松。
考查副词辨析。luckily幸运地;suddenly突然;normally通常;completely完全地。根据“Jack loves his parents very much”和“relaxed when he is staying with them”可知,和父母在一起时,他经常感到完全地放松。故选D。
2.Children ________ the cartoons like Kung Fu Panda because they are funny.
A.request B.punish C.complete D.prefer
【答案】D
【详解】句意:孩子们更喜欢像《功夫熊猫》这样的卡通片因为它们很有趣。
考查动词词义辨析。request要求;punish惩罚;complete完成;prefer更喜欢。根据“because they are funny.”可知,应表达孩子们更喜欢《功夫熊猫》这样的卡通片。故选D。
【写作佳句】When the natural park is completed , it will be a good place for people to relax.自然公园建成后,将是人们放松的好地方。
入
一.祈使句
祈使句
当我们向他人发出命令,提出要求或建议时,常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时you(听话人),通常不明确表示出来。
2. 结构
1) 肯定结构
① Do型(以行为动词原形开头),如:Sit down! 坐下! Stand up! 起立!
② Be型(以be开头), 如: Be quiet! 安静! Be careful!小心!
③ Let型(以let开头)
【注意】①let’s是let us的简略式。
②表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,
构成句式:Please …或 …, please. 以使语气更加缓和或客气。
2)否定结构,一律在肯定结构前加 Do not (Don’t)。
3)反义疑问句
例: Have a rest, won’t you?
Don’t run, will you?
Let us go, will you?
Let’s go, shall we?
【注意】1. 肯定祈使句的反义疑问句用 will you, 否定祈使句的反义疑问句用 won’t you;
2. Let’s 开头的祈使句的反义疑问句只能是 shall we。
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
Do型:动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
Have a seat here.这边坐。
Be型:Be+n/adj+其他成分。
Be a good child!要做一个好孩子!
Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let me help you.让我来帮你。
否定句
Do型和Be型均在句首加Don’t构成。
Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到!
Let型的否定形式有两种:
Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。
Don’t let him go.
=Let him not go.
反义疑问句
祈使句+will you/won’t you?
Open the window,will you?
Let us不包括听话者在内,指示对听话者说,反义疑问句的主语仍然为you
Let us play with snow,will you?
让我们玩雪,好吗?
Let us play with snow,shall we?
咱们玩雪吧,好吗?
Let’s是表示第一人称的祈使句,包含说话者,所以反义疑问句的主语为we.
※(1)有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
This way,please.=Go this way, please.
(2) 有些祈使句可用No开头,用来表示禁止。
No smoking!禁止吸烟!
(3) 为了使祈使句听来比较客气,委婉,除了用please外,句末还可用will you。
Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章,好吗?
(4) 在祈使句的前面加上do可以加强语气,有make sure(一定,务必)的意思。
Do remember to call me.
(5) 祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。
--Don’t smoke here.
--Sorry,I won’t.
语法二:should 和had better
1、should情态动词,意为“应该,应当”。用来表示劝告或提建议,没有人称和数的变化,其后接动词原形,否定形式为: shouldn't+动词原形。
Eg. He should work harder.他应该更加努力工作。
You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你母亲做家务。
You should go there at once.你应该立刻去那儿。
[拓展] should的用法:
①should表示要求、命令。
Eg. Passengers should proceed Gate12.乘客请前往12号登机口登机。
②should表示推测。
Eg. His backpack should be in the classroom.他的背包应该在教室里。
2、had better意为“最好”,没有人称、数和时态的变化,可简写为“'d better",其后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。可用于提出建议、劝告或表示种愿望。含有“应该做”之意,不十分客气,所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈,不用于对长辈。had better的两种形式:
①肯定形式: had better +动词原形, 意为“最好做....”。
Eg. You'd better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。
②否定形式: had better+ not+动词原形,意为“最好不做....”
Eg. You had better not miss the last bus. 你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
单元话题写作
DIY是英文Do It Yourself的缩写,译为“自己动手做”。简言之,就是“亲力亲为”,原本是指不依赖或聘用专业的工匠,利用适当的工具和材料,自己来进行居家住宅的修缮工作。现在DIY概念不断扩大化,演变成了一种以休闲、发挥个人创意或培养爱好为目的的社会风尚。那么怎么样写好有关DIY的文章呢?
首先我们要做到语言准确、简洁、有条理,符合逻辑,思路清晰,让读者一目了然。在写作中要注意以下事项:第一,对于所要描述的物品有较深刻的认识和了解,头脑中要像放幻灯片一样把材料和制作流程进行一次形象的再现;第二,列出材料表,并注明各种材料的量;第三,列出写作中需要的关键词汇和句型。在列举句型时尽量考虑到复合句、简单句、长句和短句有机结合,富于变化,使文章生动。
【常用词汇】
instruction指示
tool工具
repair修补
advise建议,忠告,劝告
had better最好
by oneself独自
make a mistake犯错误
with one’s help在某人的帮助下
tidy up收拾,整理
go wrong弄错;犯错;(机器)出故障
be crazy about对……着迷
【常用句型】
I decided to...,and then I put...
When I read...,I hope...
When you do DIY,you make,repair things or decorate things by yourself instead of paying someone to do it.
Sometimes,it takes a long time to do a DIY job.You’d better be patient.
Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.
Books couldn’t stay here because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.
We had fun working together.
教材中出现的相关句型:
1.First,pick a piece of bread.Then put some tomato sauce on it.首先,拿一片面包。然后往上面放一些番茄酱。
2.I decided to...by myself.我决定亲自……
3.I...because... 我……因为……
4.We had fun working together.我们一起工作很愉快。
5.Finally/In the end,... 最后,……
其他拓展句型:
1.I need some paper,glue and a pair of scissors.我需要一些纸、胶水和一把剪刀。
2.He loves to repair things and decorate his house.他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。
3.He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom,but he made a mistake.他曾经尝试在卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了一个错误。
4.Cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors.用剪刀剪出几张卡片。
【典型例题】
假设暑假期间,你在美国度假。请根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,向当地的朋友介绍怎样做西瓜冷饮。
要点:1.所需材料:一些西瓜、一杯橘汁、三勺糖、冰激凌;
2.制作过程:先切西瓜,再将西瓜放入冰箱20至30分钟,接着将其他材料倒入混合搅拌,最后放进玻璃杯。
【审题思路】
1.审人称:本文主要是向别人介绍如何制作西瓜冷饮,应以第二人称为主。
2.审时态:本文是关于西瓜冷饮的做法说明,应用一般现在时。
3.注意事项:
(1)介绍制作步骤时,可适当使用连接词,使文章条理清晰;
(2)适当使用本单元所学的祈使句,使文章语言简洁明了。
【写作提纲】
【优秀范文】
Many of you must want something cold and tasty to drink in summer.Now you can DIY some,for example,a watermelon cooler.
To make a watermelon cooler,you need some watermelon,a cup of orange juice and three spoons of sugar.First of all,cut the watermelon into small pieces.Then put them into a fridge and take them out 20 to 30 minutes later.And then mix them together with the orange juice and sugar.To make the cooler nicer,you can add some ice cream in it.Now,it is finished.Put it in a glass and enjoy it!
实战演练
当今社会,人们的环保意识越来越强,DIY也越来越受欢迎。请你根据下表内容,用英语向你的朋友介绍一下DIY并提出你对做DIY的建议。短文应包含所有给出的信息,并适当发挥,词数90左右。
含义
意思是“自己做”,是一种积极的生活方式;
优点
1. 有趣,能从中得到快乐;
2. ……(自拟一条);
缺点
1. 危险,有时如果粗心可能会伤着自己;
2. 要花费更多的时间;
学习途 径
1. 可以向老师、家长或朋友学习;
2. ……(自拟一条);
建议
……(自拟一至两条)
I would like to tell you something about DIY.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I would like to tell you something about DIY. DIY stands for “do-it-yourself”. It’s an active way of living.
Many people like doing things themselves because it is interesting and they can get fun from it. Also, DIY can help people save money. They don’t need to spend much money buying things they can do or paying someone to do them.
DIY also has some problems. It can be dangerous. Sometimes, people may hurt themselves if they are careless. Besides, it usually takes more time.
People can learn to do DIY from teachers, parents or friends. They can also buy books about DIY and learn by themselves. They can take a course in DIY, too.
I think people should be careful when they do things themselves. Using brain and hands more often is also a good way to help us be more creative.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇说明文,属于材料作文写作;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:文章开头以及要点已经给出,按照提示的要点逐点阐述,可以适当增加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,承接短文开头,说明DIY的含义;
第二步,根据提示要点介绍DIY的优点和缺点,以及其学习途径,可列举具体的事例;
第三步,提出你对做DIY的建议并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①stand for代表
②spend money doing sth花钱做某事
[高分句型]
①Many people like doing things themselves because it is interesting and they can get fun from it.(because引导的原因状语从句)
②Sometimes, people may hurt themselves if they are careless.(if引导的条件状语从句)
③I think people should be careful when they do things themselves.(省略引导词that引导的宾语从句,when引导的时间状语从句)
④Using brain and hands more often is also a good way to help us be more creative.(动名词作主语)
【必备短语】
1 had better 最好
2 stand for 代表;象征
3 instead of 而不是,代替
4 make some paper roses 制作纸玫瑰
5 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
6 be crazy about 对……着迷
7 put in 安装
8 make a mistake 犯错误
9 fill…with… 用……填装
10 paint it blue 把它涂成蓝色
11 not only…but (also) 不仅……而且……
12 cut…into 把……切成
13 for example 例如
14 next door 在隔壁
15 tidy up 整理好
16 keep it secret 保密
17 keep doing sth. 反复做某事
18 in the end 最后
【核心句型】
1 Here are clear instruction. 这儿有清楚的指示、
2 You’d better get some tools. 你最好拿一些工具
3 When you do DIY, you make, repair of decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 当你‘自己动手做’的时候,你自己做,修理或装饰东西,而不是付钱给别人做。
4 Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. 现在起居室不仅是蓝色,连天花板和地板也是蓝色。
5 They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other! 它们不能呆在那儿,因为架子的一端比另一端高!
6 Don’t paint the cat. 不要给猫涂色
7 Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 把一些较大的水果切成小块状。
8 Let’s make some sandwiches. 让我们制作一些三明治
9 I’m certain that I can fix it myself. 我相信我自己能修理。
10 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很愉快。
【重点语法】
一、 祈使句
定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.) (请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister. (对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger! (小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the grass. (勿践草坪。——禁止)
No parking. (禁止停车。——禁止)
表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构: 通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。
Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don’t say that again!别再那样说了!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
Don’t be careless.不要粗心。
2. Let型的否定式有两种:
“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和
“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照!
二、should 和 had better
(一)should 表示‘应当,应该’后接动词原形
should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not.
例如: I think you should eat less junk food.
我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games.
学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
(二)had better意为‘最好,应该’后接动词原型,否定形式:had better not do sth.
1. had better的基本用法特点
其意为“最好”、“应该”,后接动词原形,与情态动词should用法相似,其中的had通常缩略为‘d。如:
You'd better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会 儿。
We had better get there before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前就到达那里。
2.had better否定式
构成否定式时,通常将not置于had better 之后(而不是had之后);
如:
I'd better not disturb him. 我最好别去打扰他。
注意:
(1) had better 用于提出建议或请求时,并不是一个很客气委婉的表达,它暗示对方有
义务去做某事,因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等,而不宜反过来用。
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