UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 现在进行时的被动语态 [对应学生用书P48] [观察] 1．Much is being done to protect wildlife，but if we really want to save the planet，we must change our way of life. 2．African elephants are being hunted. 3．What is being done to help them? 4．What measures are being taken to help them? 5．Billions of trees are being cut down every year to make paper for humans. 6．In this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed! [探究] 1．以上句子中的黑体部分均表示正在进行的被动动作，为现在进行时的被动语态。 2．结构为“be动词(am/is/are)＋being＋动词的过去分词”。 不及物动词有没有现在进行时的被动语态？ 没有。 一、含义 [感知] 1．The plan is being discussed by us. 我们正在讨论这个方案。 2．The report is being written by the student. 这个学生正在写报告。 3．The baby is being taken care of by his father. 这个婴儿正在由他的父亲照顾。 [探究] 1．以上句子中黑体部分均表示正在进行的被动动作，都用了现在进行时的被动语态。 2．句1、2中的谓语是及物动词，主语是动作的承受者。 3．句3的谓语动词是动词短语，介词不能省略。 4．以上句子中by后均为动作的执行者。 [归纳] 现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。 [即练] 　单句填空 1．Many things are being done(do) to protect the animals. 2．I'm working at home today because my office is being painted(paint). 3．The Tibetan antelopes are being observed(observe) these days. 4．The sports meeting is being held(hold) in our school at present. 二、构成 [感知] 1．The babies are being looked after by this nurse. 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看着。 2．The babies are not being looked after by this nurse. 这些婴儿没有被这个护士照看着。 3．Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse? 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？ 4．Who are being taken care of by this nurse? 这个护士在照看谁？ [探究] 句 形式 结构 1 肯定句 主语＋be(am/is/are)＋being done． 2 否定句 主语＋be(am/is/are)＋not＋being done. 3 一般疑问句 Be(am/is/are)＋主语＋being done？ 4 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋be(am/is/are)＋being done？ [归纳] 1．现在进行时的被动语态有四种句式，分别是肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。 2．现在进行时的被动语态的基本构成形式为“be(＋not)＋being done”，一般疑问句须将be动词提前；特殊疑问句则用相应的特殊疑问词构成。 [即练] 句型转换 A new law is being made to prevent endangered animals from extinction. →A new law is not being made to prevent endangered animals from extinction.(否定句) →Is a new law being made to prevent endangered animals from extinction？(一般疑问句) →What is being made to prevent endangered animals from extinction？(特殊疑问句，提问主语) 三、表示的意义 [感知] 1．Some trees are being planted on the hill now. 现在山上正在种一些树。 2．The bridge is being repaired. 这座桥正在维修中。 3．Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 这些天许多有趣的实验正在进行。(说话时并不一定正在进行) 4．I feel very surprised that the windows of our classroom are frequently being broken. 我们教室的窗户经常被打破，我感到非常惊讶。 5．His car may be being repaired at the very moment. 他的汽车此刻可能正在修理。 [探究] 句 意义 1、2 表示正在进行的被动动作 3 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 4 与频度副词frequently连用，表示经常性的被动行为，含有感情色彩 5 与情态动词may连用，对正在发生的被动动作表示推测 [归纳] 1．表示“某事/某人此时此刻正在被……” 2．表示“某事/某人现阶段正在被……” 3．表示一种经常性的被动行为，常与always、constantly、frequently等词连用，带有赞赏、羡慕、厌烦等感情色彩。 4．与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。 四、其他注意事项 [感知] 1．A party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。 2．The book belongs to him. 这本书是他的。 3．Mary，come here.You are wanted on the phone. 玛丽，过来，有你的电话。 4．The problem is under discussion(＝is being discussed) at the meeting. 会议正在讨论这个问题。 5．The telephone is in use (＝is being used) now. 这部电话现在正在使用中。 [探究] 句 注意 1 现在进行时的被动语态表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作 2 不及物动词(短语)不用于现在进行时的被动语态 3 are wanted是用一般现在时的被动语态表示“正在进行的被动动作” 4、5 “be＋under/in＋n.”结构含有现在进行时的被动语态的含义 [归纳] 1．现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作(仅限于少数及物动词，如hold、take等)。 2．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。 3．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等意义的动词，如have、want、need、love、realize等，一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。 4．“be(am/is/are)＋under/in＋n.”有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。 [即练] 　完成句子 1．夏令营的计划正在讨论中。 The plan of the summer camp is under discussion/being discussed． 2．员工不准进入会议室，因为会议室正在装修。 The workers aren't allowed to go into the meeting room because it is being decorated． 3．这个小男孩最近进步很快，总是受到老师的表扬。 The little boy has made rapid progress recently and is always being praised by his teachers. 4．老师们正在办公室里谈论即将到来的假期的计划。 The coming holiday plan is being talked about in the office by the teachers. 5．快点！公共汽车来了。 Hurry up！Here comes a bus． 用所给动词的适当形式填空 Nowadays great damage 1.is being done(do) to animals by human beings.Many animals are endangered just because their habitats 2.are being threatened(threaten) now.Trees 3.are being cut(cut) down at an alarming rate.Rivers and lakes 4.are being polluted(pollute).Another reason why many species are dying out is that they 5.are being killed(kill) either for food or for clothing.Many wild animals 6.are being hunted(hunt) illegally by some hunters. However，the good news is that effective measures 7.are being taken(take) by the authorities to protect these creatures these days.At present，more nature reserves and wildlife parks 8.are being set(set) up to protect endangered animals.At the same time，illegal hunting 9.is being investigated(investigate) by the authorities.Anyway，many endangered species 10.are being protected(protect) well now. I think it is everyone's responsibility to protect animals.Do remember：To protect animals is to save ourselves! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$