精品解析：广东省湛江市雷州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

2023-2024 学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测 八年级英语科试卷 （总分：120分；时间：90分钟） 一、听说应用（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分：A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话） A.听句子（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请根据所听内容，选择符合题意的图画回答问题。每个句子听两遍。 1．Where did the girl go last week? A． B． C． 2．What is the boy talking about? A． B． C． 3．Which store may the speaker be in? A． B． C． 4．What did the man eat for lunch? A． B． C． 5．What was the speaker doing? A． B． C． B．听对话（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请根据每段对话的内容回答问题，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应的位置上。每段对话听两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第6小题。 6．When did the movie begin? A．At 8:00． B．At 8:10． C．At 8:20. 听第二段对话，回答第7小题。 7．How’s the weather in summer in Mexico? A．Windy. B．Rainy. C．Sunny. 听第三段对话，回答第8小题。 8．What does Jenny’s mother do? A．She’s a nurse. B．She’s a teacher. C．She’s a doctor. 听第四段对话，回答第9小题。 9．Where is the beef noodle restaurant? A．Beside the supermarket. B．Across from the supermarket. C．In the supermarket. 听第五段对话，回答第10小题。 10．What did the woman ask the man to do? A．To turn down the radio. B．To clean up the city parks. C．To sweep the floor. 听第六段对话，回答第11-12小题。 11．How often does the boy take the piano class? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every day. 12．What did the boy do last night? A．Watched a magic show. B．Took a piano class. C．Enjoyed a cartoon movie. 听第七段对话，回答第13-15小题。 13．Who has read the story Journey to the West? A．Judy. B．Bob. C．Both Judy and Bob. 14．When did Bob read the story Hansel and Gretel? A．This year. B．Last year. C．Last week. 15．What does Judy think of Hansel? A．Silly. B．Stupid. C．Clever. C．听短文（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请根据所听内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应的位置上。短文听两遍。 16．Who is Jack? A．The speaker’s friend. B．The speaker’s classmate. C．The speaker’s brother. 17．Why is Jack famous in school? A．Because he works as a volunteer every weekend. B．Because he is good at study and usually helps others in school. C．Because he sings very well. 18．How long will Jack stay in Canada? A．For one year. B．For two months. C．For two weeks. 19．What is the most important thing for Jack in Canada? A．Make new friends. B．Visit some schools. C．Practice English. 20．What will Jack do when he comes back? A．Attend some volunteer activities. B．Take part in an English competition. C．Take an English exam. D．听填信息（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 你将听到一篇有关如何保持健康的短文。请根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡，并请将答案填写在相应的位置上。短文听两遍。 How to Stay Healthy First: Be used to having health y food and drink such as 21 vegetables, fruits, 22 and yogurt at the same time every day. Second: Have an enough sleep. Teenagers of 14 and up need at least 23 hours of sleep. Third: Do some sports like 24 , ball games, mountain climbing or join a sports club. Fourth: Have a good state of mind and keep your 25 up. E．情景对话（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，将答案填写在相应的位置上，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Sally: Hello, Bill. The summer vacation is coming. ____1____ Bill: I am going to read Robinson Crusoe. Have you read it? Sally: ____2____ Why are you going to read it? Bill: Because I’m very interested in it Sally: That’s great. ____3____ Bill: My school library. Would you like to go with me to borrow it? Sally: ____4____ I have planned to go hiking with my uncle. Bill: ____5____ Good luck to you! Sally: Thanks. A. No, I haven’t. B. What are you going to do? C. Sorry, I can’t. D. Who are you going there with? E. That’s a good idea. F. Where can you get the book? 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. F 4. C 5. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是Sally和Bill谈论暑期计划的对话。 【1题详解】 根据“The summer vacation is coming.”和下文“I am going to read Robinson Crusoe.”可知，空处是问Bill暑期打算做什么；选项B“你打算做什么？”符合情景。故选B。 【2题详解】 根据“Have you read it?”可知，空处应用Yes或No进行回答；选项A“不，我没有。”符合情景。故选A。 【3题详解】 根据下文“My school library.”可知，空处与地点相关；选项F“你在哪里可以得到这本书？”符合情景。故选F。 【4题详解】 根据空后“I have planned to go hiking with my uncle.”可知，空处是拒绝了对方的邀请；选项C“抱歉，我不能。”符合情景。故选C。 【5题详解】 根据上文“I have planned to go hiking with my uncle.”和“Good luck to you!”可知，此处是对Sally计划去远足进行评价；选项E“那是个好主意。”符合情景。故选E。 二、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 One day, a fox was walking through the woods when he saw some tasty grapes ____6____ a tree high above him. He was quite hungry. First, the fox planned to jump ____7____ the grapes. He jumped and jumped, but each time he was getting farther away from the grapes. After a short rest, he came up with ____8____ idea. He tried taking a few step back and doing a running jump at the grapes. But again, he ____9____ not reach them. He even tried to climb the tree to reach the grapes, but his hands were ____10____ weak that he couldn’t pull himself up the tree. How ____11____ wished he was like a monkey! He sat and looked at the grapes angrily. Just then, a bear walked by ____12____ he saw the fox looking at the grapes. The fox turned to him and said, “I ____13____ these grapes. They don’t taste good at all.” After saying these words, he turned around and left. The bear looked at the ____14____ back and didn’t believe the words. He reached up, got the grapes and ate them. They are ____15____ grapes in the world. It seemed that the fox decided the grapes must be bad just because he couldn’t have them. 6. A. on B. in C. at 7. A. gets B. to get C. getting 8. A. / B. the C. an 9. A. could B. must C. should 10. A. so B. very C. too 11. A. him B. he C. himself 12. A. while B. unless C. when 13. A. tries B. try C. have tried 14. A. fox B. fox’s C. foxes 15. A. delicious B. more delicious C. the most delicious 【答案】6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了狐狸向要摘树上的葡萄，它尝试了很多次都失败了，这时一只熊路过，狐狸告诉它树上的葡萄不好吃，但是熊不相信，它自己去摘葡萄，结果发现葡萄很美味。 【6题详解】 句意：一天，一只狐狸正在穿过树林，这时他看到高高的树上有一些美味的葡萄。 on在……上面；in在……里；at在。表示水果在树上，用介词on。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：首先，狐狸打算跳起来去摘葡萄。 gets得到，动词单三；to get动词不定式；getting动名词或现在分词。分析句子可知，狐狸跳起来的目的是为了摘到葡萄，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：稍作休息后，他想到了一个主意。 /零冠词；the定冠词，特指某人或某物；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词。此处泛指一个主意，idea是以元音音素开头的，用不定冠词an。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：但是，他还是够不着它们。 could可以；must必须；should应该。But表示句意转折，说明狐狸还是不能摘到葡萄，用could表示。故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：但是他的爪子很虚弱，以至于他无法将自己拉上树。 so如此；very非常；too太。根据“weak that he couldn’t pull himself up”可知此处是“so ... that”引导的结果状语从句。故选A。 【11题详解】 句意：他多么希望自己像一只猴子啊！ him他，宾格；he他，主格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“wished he was like a monkey!”可知，缺少主语，应用主格he。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：就在这时，一只熊从旁边走过，看到狐狸在看葡萄。 while与……同时；unless除非；when当……时。根据“he saw the fox looking at the grapes”可知，此处指熊看见狐狸的时候，用when连接。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：我已经试过这些葡萄。 tries尝试，动词单三；try动词原形；have tried现在完成时。根据“They don’t taste good at all.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：熊看着狐狸的背影，不相信它的话。 fox狐狸，名词单数；fox’s狐狸的，名词单数的所有格；foxes狐狸，名词复数。空格后有名词back，此处用名词所有格。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：它们是世界上最美味的葡萄。 delicious美味的，形容词原级；more delicious更美味的，比较级；the most delicious最美味的，定冠词加最高级；根据“in the world”可知表示世界上最美味的葡萄，用形容词的最高级，且最高级前加定冠词the。故选C。 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 At the age of 16, Einstein failed in several exams because he often played with some bad kids. His father decided to tell him a story. “There were two ____16____ playing on the roof. Suddenly, they ____17____ the chimney (烟囱). When they climbed out of the chimney, one cat’s face was ____18____ while the other’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty. It quickly ran to the riverside and ____19____ its face. The dirty-faced cat saw the clean-faced one, thinking its own face was ____20____ as well, so it walked happily in the street.” “Einstein, nobody can be your ____21____. Only you are your own mirror. Some of the kids are not strict with themselves. ____22____ you take them to be your mirror, even a clever person may become stupid. You can learn from other people, but you can’t follow others ____23____.”Hearing this, Einstein was ashamed and returned to his small room. After that, Einstein often took himself as a mirror to be strict with himself and kept ____24____ himself. “I am special, so I needn’t be as common as others.” This was why Einstein _____25_____ in his career (事业). 16. A. dogs B. cats C. pigs D. whales 17. A. fell over B. fell off C. fell down D. fell into 18. A. dirty B. excited C. comfortable D. silly 19. A. collected B. developed C. washed D. explained 20. A. typical B. weak C. usual D. clean 21. A. mirror B. emperor C. camera D. match 22. A. So B. And C. If D. But 23. A. luckily B. completely C. suddenly D. secondly 24. A. clearing B. searching C. reading D. telling 25. A. succeeded B. protected C. cheated D. repaired 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Einstein小时候他非常贪玩，考试经常不及格；一天他的爸爸给他讲了两只掉入烟囱的猫的故事，告诉Einstein他是自己的镜子，他也可以向别人学习，但不可以完全地追随别人。 【16题详解】 句意：有两只猫在屋顶上玩耍。 dogs狗；cats猫；pigs猪；whales鲸鱼。根据“one cat’s face”可知，此处指两只猫在屋顶玩耍。故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：突然，它们掉进了烟囱。 fell over跌倒；fell off从……摔下来；fell down跌倒；fell into掉进根据“the chimney (烟囱)”和“When they climbed out of the chimney”可知，两只猫掉进了烟囱里。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：当它们爬出烟囱时，一只猫的脸很脏，而另一只猫的脸很干净。 dirty脏的；excited兴奋的；comfortable舒服的；silly愚蠢的。根据“Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty.”可知，一只猫的脸很脏。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：它迅速跑到河边洗脸。 collected收集；developed发展；washed洗；explained解释。根据“ the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty.”可知，干净的那只猫以为自己的脸脏了，于是很快跑到河边去洗脸。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：脏脸的猫看到干净脸的猫，认为自己的脸也很干净，所以它高兴地在街上走着。 typical典型的；weak虚弱的；usual通常的；clean干净的。根据“ it walked happily in the street.”可知，脏脸的猫以为自己的脸是干净的。故选D。 【21题详解】 句意：Einstein，没有人能成为你的镜子。 mirror镜子；emperor皇帝；camera照相机；match比赛。根据“Only you are your own mirror.”可知，没有人能成为你的镜子，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：如果你把他们当成你的镜子，即使聪明的人也会变得愚蠢。 So因此；And而且；If如果；But但是。分析句子可知，前一句是后一句的条件，故应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：你可以向别人学习，但你不能完全跟随别人。 luckily幸运地；completely完全地；suddenly突然；secondly其次。根据“You can learn from other people, but you can’t follow others”可知，此处指不能完全跟随别人，自己得做自己的镜子。故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：从那以后，Einstein经常以自己为镜子，严格要求自己，不断告诫自己。 clearing清理；searching搜查；reading阅读；telling告诉。根据 “I am special, so I needn’t be as common as others.”是Einstein告诫自己的话可知，此处应用telling。故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：这就是Einstein事业成功的原因。 succeeded成功；protected保护；cheated欺骗；repaired修理。根据上文“After that, Einstein often took himself as a mirror to be strict with himself”可知，这是他事业成功原因，故选A。 四、阅读理解（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 阅读A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A ▲How nosebleeds happen: Nosebleeds are very common among children. Blowing the nose too hard or getting hit on the nose while playing can cause nosebleeds. Catching a cold can also cause nosebleeds. Usually, the nosebleed isn’t very serious and it will stop in less than ten minutes. ▲When nosebleeds happen: Your child may be afraid that there is something seriously wrong. Crying may make the bleeding worse, so it is important for you to tell him that he will be fine. ▲How to give first aid (急救): Let your child sit upright (直立) and tell him to put his head down. Help your child press both sides of the nose for ten minutes. Do not stop to see if the bleeding has stopped. ▲If first aid works: Rest your child for the next 12-24 hours. Tell him to do quiet activities such as drawing, reading or watching TV. Tell him not to take a hot shower for at least 24 hours after a nosebleed. Tell him not to touch or blow his nose for 24 hours. ▲If first aid doesn’t work: You’d better take him to hospital. 26. How many reasons does the writer give for nosebleeds? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 27. What may children feel when nosebleeds happen? A. Scared. B. Surprised. C. Shy. D. Smart. 28. What activity shouldn’t people do after a nosebleed? A. Drawing B. Reading C. Watching TV D. Playing basketball 29. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. Stop to see if the bleeding has stopped. B. One should take a hot shower as soon as the bleeding stops. C. It’s wrong to blow the nose as soon as the bleeding stops. D. One should go to hospital right away if he has a nosebleed. 30. Who is this passage mainly written for? A. Children. B. Parents. C. Nurses. D. Doctors. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了儿童流鼻血的原因，以及出现流鼻血现象时，作为父母可以采取的急救措施。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Blowing the nose too hard or getting hit on the nose while playing can cause nosebleeds. Catching a cold can also cause nosebleeds.”可知，作者给出了三种流鼻血的原因。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Your child may be afraid that there is something seriously wrong.”可知，流鼻血时，孩子可能会感到害怕。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Tell him to do quiet activities such as drawing, reading or watching TV.”可知，流鼻血后要做一些安静的活动，比如画画、读书或看电视。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Tell him not to touch or blow his nose for 24 hours.”可知，告诉他24小时内不要碰也不要擤鼻子。选项C“一止住血就擤鼻子是不对的。”表述正确。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Your child may be afraid ...”和“Let your child sit upright (直立) ...”可推知，本文是写给父母的。故选B。 B The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie (绑) the rabbit’s hair to a stick , would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 31. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen? A. Because the king asked him to do so. B. Because he wanted to be an inventor. C. Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D. Because the pen brought him much trouble. 32. What does the underlined word “disappointed” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. excited B. unhappy C. interested D. successful 33. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. The brush pen could write well. b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole. A. b-d-a-c B. d-b-a-c C. b-d-c-a D. c-d-b-a 34. How can the students understand Chinese culture better? A. By learning to use brush pens. B. By playing a role. C By planting more bamboo. D. By inventing things. 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. Make friends with animals. B. Value fantastic memories. C. Keep trying and never give up. D. Build a peaceful world. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了蒙恬经过不懈的努力、克服种种困难，发明毛笔的故事。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，因为笔给他带来了很多麻烦，所以蒙恬想改进它。故选D。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard.”可知，他把他的“发明”扔进了院子里的一个石洞里，即蒙恬对自己的发明感到失望，“disappointed”表示“失望的”。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it.”可知，首先是把兔子的毛绑在一根棍子上，然后用它写字，即b排第一，排除BD选项；根据“The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair.”可知，特殊的水将毛上面的油去除后，毛笔可以很好地写字，即c排在a前，排除A选项。故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，学生通过学习如何使用毛笔来更好地了解中国文化。故选A。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了蒙恬经过不懈的努力、克服种种困难，发明毛笔的故事，从中我们可以学到的道理是：不断尝试，永不放弃。故选C。 C 配对阅读。阅读下面右栏的七个志愿者活动，为左栏五位志愿者选出合适他们的志愿者活动。（有两个多余选项） ___36___ John: There are many kinds of plants in my home. I take care of them carefully and they grow very well. ___37___ Dick: My favorite subject is science. I can solve difficult science problems by myself in a short time. I’m free every night. ___38___ Alice: I am good at acting. I often read stories to my classmates and act a part in the shows. ___39___ Linda: I like drawing. I have lots of pencils in different colors and can draw some wonderful pictures. I’m free on weekends. ___40___ Tina: I usually read geography books in my free time. I know a lot about different places of China. I’m free from Thursday to Saturday. A．Our geography teacher is ill. So we need a volunteer to teach geography from Thursday to Friday. B．The Science Club needs a teacher. He or she needs to teach students how to solve problems every Friday night. C．Care about the disabled people. We need a volunteer to spend time with them. It would be good if you could help them do exercise. D．There are many kids here. If you can play games, read and act some stories with them together, welcome to join us! E．Our children need to draw some pictures. We need someone who likes painting. It will be good if you can come on weekends. F．The kids in our class want to plant some green plants and give them to their parents as gifts. If you can teach them to plant, please help us. G．There is a training dog. He can help do something and make a big difference to your life. 【答案】36. F 37. B 38. D 39. E 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是五名学生的特长或爱好，以及七个志愿者活动，需为五名学生匹配合适的志愿活动。 【36题详解】 根据“John: There are many kinds of plants in my home. I take care of them carefully and they grow very well.”可知，John擅长照顾植物；选项F“我们班的孩子们想种一些绿色植物，把它们作为礼物送给父母。如果你能教他们种植，请帮助我们。”与之匹配。故选F。 【37题详解】 根据“Dick: My favorite subject is science. I can solve difficult science problems by myself in a short time. I’m free every night.”可知，Dick喜欢科学，而且他能在短时间内自己解决科学难题；选项B“科学俱乐部需要一位老师。他或她需要在每周五晚上教学生如何解决问题。”与之匹配。故选B。 【38题详解】 根据“Alice: I am good at acting. I often read stories to my classmates and act a part in the shows.”可知，Alice经常给同学们读故事，并且在演出中扮演了一个角色；选项D“这里有很多孩子。如果你能和他们一起玩游戏，一起读故事，一起表演，欢迎加入我们！”与之匹配。故选D。 【39题详解】 根据“Linda: I like drawing. I have lots of pencils in different colors and can draw some wonderful pictures. I’m free on weekends.”可知，Linda有很多不同颜色的铅笔，她可以画一些奇妙的画，她周末有空；选项E“我们的孩子需要画一些画。我们需要一个喜欢绘画的人。如果你周末能来就太好了。”与之匹配。故选E。 【40题详解】 根据“Tina: I usually read geography books in my free time. I know a lot about different places of China. I’m free from Thursday to Saturday.”可知，Tina通常在空闲时间看地理书，她知道很多关于中国不同的地方，她星期四到星期六有空；选项A“我们的地理老师病了。所以我们需要一个志愿者从周四到周五教地理。”与之匹配。故选A。 五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 worry see situation unless I suddenly to strong shake an shock be It was a usual day, and we were having a math class. I sat next to my best friend, Joe. He was always quiet and shy. ___41___, a paper ball hit Joe’s head. We turned around and ___42___ Tom laughing. He was the class bully (霸凌者) and was not friendly ___43___ Joe. I could see the sadness in Joe’s eyes, and it made Tom feel helpless and angry. After class, I decided to ___44___ brave to stand up for Joe. But I was a little scared because Tom was much ___45___ than me. I knew we would have a fight. But I also knew Tom would keep bullying Joe ___46___ I did something. The next day, I stood up when Tom started picking on (欺负) Joe. My heart was beating fast while my hands were ___47___. But I looked Tom in the eye. I told him what he was doing was not right. Tom was ___48___. He tried to scare me with his words, but I didn’t back down. Tom stopped picking on Joe in the end. ___49___ was proud of myself for doing that. That day, I learned I should stand up for what is right, even if it is hard and scares you. Sometimes, being brave can make a big difference in someone else’s life. From that day on, I promised myself that when facing difficult _____50_____, I would always try to be brave. 【答案】41. Suddenly 42. saw 43. to 44. be 45. stronger 46. unless 47. shaking 48. shocked 49. I 50. situations 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者看到霸凌者汤姆欺负同学乔时，勇敢地站出来告诉汤姆他做错了的事情。 【41题详解】 句意：突然，一个纸球击中了乔的头。分析句子“a paper ball hit Joe’s head.”可知，此句不缺少任何成分，故考虑使用副词作状语；suddenly“突然”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 【42题详解】 句意：我们转过身来，看见汤姆在笑。根据“Tom laughing”是看到的景象可知，see“看见”，符合语境；再根据“turned”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填saw。 【43题详解】 句意：他是班级恶霸，对乔不友好。be friendly to sb.“对某人友好”，固定短语，to符合语境。故填to。 【44题详解】 句意：下课后，我决定勇敢地为乔说话。由“brave”是形容词可知，be符合语境；decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填be。 【45题详解】 句意：但我有点害怕，因为汤姆比我强壮得多。根据“ I was a little scared”可知，汤姆比作者强壮得多，此处要用strong的比较级stronger。故填stronger。 【46题详解】 句意：但我也知道，除非我做点什么，否则汤姆会继续欺负乔。根据“Tom would keep bullying Joe ... I did something.”可知，除非做点什么，否则汤姆会继续欺负乔，用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 【47题详解】 句意：我的心跳得很快，我的手在颤抖。根据“I was a little scared”可知，作者跟汤姆对视时，手在抖，shake的现在分词shaking符合语境，与were构成过去进行时。故填shaking。 【48题详解】 句意：汤姆很震惊。根据“I told him what he was doing was not right.”及常识可知，霸凌者看到有人说自己做错了，应是感到震惊；shock的形容词shocked“震惊的”，符合语境，形容词作表语。故填shocked。 【49题详解】 句意：我为自己这么做感到骄傲。分析句子“was proud of myself for doing that.”可知，缺少主语；I符合语境，表示“作者为自己做的事情感到骄傲”。故填I。 【50题详解】 句意：从那天起，我向自己保证，当面对困难的情况时，我要永远勇敢。根据“I would always try to be brave.”可知，此处指遇到困难情况时，名词应用复数表示泛指，situations“情况”符合语境。故填situations。 六．读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A．回答问题 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 Giraffes are the tallest mammals (哺乳动物) on the earth. How do they sleep and drink? You may think it’s very difficult for them to sleep. Adult Giraffes can grow up to 18 feet. Giraffes living in the wild (野生的) sleep for half an hour a day. When they sleep, they hardly ever lie down and sleep for minutes at a time, since it’s difficult for them to get up again and it’s dangerous in the wild. But the giraffes in the zoo sleep around 4.6 hours per day. They usually sleep lying down. Drinking water may cause problems for giraffes because their necks are too long to reach the ground. To drink water, they must spread their legs in an uncomfortable position. As a result, they get most of their water from the leaves they eat. They only need to drink water every a few days. The number of the giraffes is getting fewer and fewer. Here are the ways to protect them. Firstly, we should let more people know that giraffes are in danger. Secondly, we should stop people cutting down the trees, then they can have more food to eat. Finally, we should set up more nature parks to help them live in peace. In a word, all of us should take action to protect giraffes. 51. What are the tallest mammals on the Earth? _____________________________________________________ 52. How long do giraffes living in the wild sleep every day? ____________________________________________________ 53. Why may drinking water cause problems for Giraffes? ____________________________________________________ 54. Where do giraffes get most of their water? ____________________________________________________ 55. How many ways are mentioned to protect giraffes? ____________________________________________________ B．书面表达 56. 鲸鱼是海洋中最大的动物，它们主要以小鱼和其它海洋生物为生，它们能够高高地跃出水面，还能唱歌，是人类的好朋友，但目前面临着濒临灭绝的危险。请以“Let’s Save Whales”为题，写一篇不少于80词的短文。内容包括： 1．鲸鱼的基本情况（包括生存环境、食物、能力……）： 2．导致鲸鱼濒临灭绝的原因： 3．呼吁大家采取措施来保护鲸鱼（至少2条措施）； （1）可在内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Let’s Save Whales Whales are huge animals in the sea and some of them have teeth. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. Giraffes. 52. Half an hour. 53. Because their necks are too long to reach the ground. 54. From the leaves they eat. 55. Three. 56. 例文 Let’s Save Whales Whales are huge animals in the sea and some of them have teeth. They live in the sea and eat small fish. They can sing songs and jump high out of the water. Some kinds of whales are in great danger because humans catch them for meat, fat and oil and use whale parts to make things like candles and soap. We should protect whales from water pollution. We can protect whales in many ways. People should stop putting rubbish into the sea and killing whales. We also need to learn more about whales and make rules on whale protection. In a word, let’s work together to save whales! 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了长颈鹿的生活习性，以及我们应该如何保护它们。 【51题详解】 根据“Giraffes are the tallest mammals (哺乳动物) on the earth.”可知，长颈鹿是地球上最高的哺乳动物。故填Giraffes. 【52题详解】 根据“Giraffes living in the wild (野生的) sleep for half an hour a day.”可知，生活在野外的长颈鹿每天睡半小时。故填Half an hour. 【53题详解】 根据“Drinking water may cause problems for giraffes because their necks are too long to reach the ground.”可知，喝水可能会给长颈鹿带来麻烦，因为它们的脖子太长，够不着地面。故填Because their necks are too long to reach the ground. 【54题详解】 根据“As a result, they get most of their water from the leaves they eat.”可知，它们从它们吃叶子中获取大部分水分。故填From the leaves they eat. 【55题详解】 根据“Firstly, ... Secondly, ... Finally, ...”可知，文中提到了三种保护长颈鹿的方式。故填Three. 【56题详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已经给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点；注意适当发挥，完善表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍鲸鱼的基本情况； 第二步，介绍导致鲸鱼濒临灭绝的原因； 第三步，谈谈该如何保护鲸鱼，并呼吁大家采取措施保护它们。 [亮点词汇] ①in great danger 处于极大的危险中 ②protect sth. from ... 保护……免受…… ③make rules 制定规则 [高分句型] Some kinds of whales are in great danger because humans catch them for meat, fat and oil and use whale parts to make things like candles and soap.（because引导的原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024 学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测 八年级英语科试卷 （总分：120分；时间：90分钟） 一、听说应用（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分：A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话） A.听句子（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请根据所听内容，选择符合题意的图画回答问题。每个句子听两遍。 1．Where did the girl go last week? A． B． C． 2．What is the boy talking about? A． B． C． 3．Which store may the speaker be in? A． B． C． 4．What did the man eat for lunch? A． B． C． 5．What was the speaker doing? A． B． C． B．听对话（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请根据每段对话的内容回答问题，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应的位置上。每段对话听两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第6小题。 6．When did the movie begin? A．At 8:00． B．At 8:10． C．At 8:20. 听第二段对话，回答第7小题。 7．How’s the weather in summer in Mexico? A．Windy. B．Rainy. C．Sunny. 听第三段对话，回答第8小题。 8．What does Jenny’s mother do? A．She’s a nurse B．She’s a teacher. C．She’s a doctor. 听第四段对话，回答第9小题。 9．Where is the beef noodle restaurant? A．Beside the supermarket. B．Across from the supermarket. C．In the supermarket. 听第五段对话，回答第10小题。 10．What did the woman ask the man to do? A．To turn down the radio. B．To clean up the city parks. C．To sweep the floor. 听第六段对话，回答第11-12小题。 11．How often does the boy take the piano class? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every day. 12．What did the boy do last night? A．Watched a magic show. B．Took a piano class. C．Enjoyed a cartoon movie. 听第七段对话，回答第13-15小题。 13．Who has read the story Journey to the West? A．Judy. B．Bob. C．Both Judy and Bob. 14．When did Bob read the story Hansel and Gretel? A．This year. B．Last year. C．Last week. 15．What does Judy think of Hansel? A．Silly. B．Stupid. C．Clever. C．听短文（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请根据所听内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在相应的位置上。短文听两遍。 16．Who is Jack? A．The speaker’s friend. B．The speaker’s classmate. C．The speaker’s brother 17．Why is Jack famous in school? A．Because he works as a volunteer every weekend. B．Because he is good at study and usually helps others in school. C．Because he sings very well. 18．How long will Jack stay in Canada? A．For one year. B．For two months. C．For two weeks. 19．What is the most important thing for Jack in Canada? A．Make new friends. B．Visit some schools. C．Practice English. 20．What will Jack do when he comes back? A．Attend some volunteer activities. B．Take part in an English competition. C．Take an English exam. D．听填信息（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 你将听到一篇有关如何保持健康的短文。请根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡，并请将答案填写在相应的位置上。短文听两遍。 How to Stay Healthy First: Be used to having health y food and drink such as 21 vegetables, fruits, 22 and yogurt at the same time every day. Second: Have an enough sleep. Teenagers of 14 and up need at least 23 hours of sleep. Third: Do some sports like 24 , ball games, mountain climbing or join a sports club. Fourth: Have a good state of mind and keep your 25 up. E．情景对话（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，将答案填写在相应的位置上，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Sally: Hello, Bill. The summer vacation is coming. ____1____ Bill: I am going to read Robinson Crusoe. Have you read it? Sally: ____2____ Why are you going to read it? Bill: Because I’m very interested in it. Sally: That’s great. ____3____ Bill: My school library. Would you like to go with me to borrow it? Sally: ____4____ I have planned to go hiking with my uncle. Bill: ____5____ Good luck to you! Sally: Thanks. A. No, I haven’t. B. What are you going to do? C. Sorry, I can’t. D. Who are you going there with? E. That’s a good idea. F. Where can you get the book? 二、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 One day, a fox was walking through the woods when he saw some tasty grapes ____6____ a tree high above him. He was quite hungry. First, the fox planned to jump ____7____ the grapes. He jumped and jumped, but each time he was getting farther away from the grapes. After a short rest, he came up with ____8____ idea. He tried taking a few step back and doing a running jump at the grapes. But again, he ____9____ not reach them. He even tried to climb the tree to reach the grapes, but his hands were ____10____ weak that he couldn’t pull himself up the tree. How ____11____ wished he was like a monkey! He sat and looked at the grapes angrily. Just then, a bear walked by ____12____ he saw the fox looking at the grapes. The fox turned to him and said, “I ____13____ these grapes. They don’t taste good at all.” After saying these words, he turned around and left. The bear looked at the ____14____ back and didn’t believe the words. He reached up, got the grapes and ate them. They are ____15____ grapes in the world. It seemed that the fox decided the grapes must be bad just because he couldn’t have them. 6. A. on B. in C. at 7. A. gets B. to get C. getting 8. A. / B. the C. an 9. A. could B. must C. should 10. A. so B. very C. too 11. A. him B. he C. himself 12. A. while B. unless C. when 13. A. tries B. try C. have tried 14. A. fox B. fox’s C. foxes 15. A. delicious B. more delicious C. the most delicious 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 At the age of 16, Einstein failed in several exams because he often played with some bad kids. His father decided to tell him a story. “There were two ____16____ playing on the roof. Suddenly, they ____17____ the chimney (烟囱). When they climbed out of the chimney, one cat’s face was ____18____ while the other’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty. It quickly ran to the riverside and ____19____ its face. The dirty-faced cat saw the clean-faced one, thinking its own face was ____20____ as well, so it walked happily in the street.” “Einstein, nobody can be your ____21____. Only you are your own mirror. Some of the kids are not strict with themselves. ____22____ you take them to be your mirror, even a clever person may become stupid. You can learn from other people, but you can’t follow others ____23____.”Hearing this, Einstein was ashamed and returned to his small room. After that, Einstein often took himself as a mirror to be strict with himself and kept ____24____ himself. “I am special, so I needn’t be as common as others.” This was why Einstein _____25_____ in his career (事业). 16. A. dogs B. cats C. pigs D. whales 17. A. fell over B. fell off C. fell down D. fell into 18. A. dirty B. excited C. comfortable D. silly 19. A. collected B. developed C. washed D. explained 20. A. typical B. weak C. usual D. clean 21 A. mirror B. emperor C. camera D. match 22. A. So B. And C. If D. But 23. A. luckily B. completely C. suddenly D. secondly 24. A. clearing B. searching C. reading D. telling 25. A. succeeded B. protected C. cheated D. repaired 四、阅读理解（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 阅读A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A ▲How nosebleeds happen: Nosebleeds are very common among children. Blowing the nose too hard or getting hit on the nose while playing can cause nosebleeds. Catching a cold can also cause nosebleeds. Usually, the nosebleed isn’t very serious and it will stop in less than ten minutes. ▲When nosebleeds happen: Your child may be afraid that there is something seriously wrong. Crying may make the bleeding worse, so it is important for you to tell him that he will be fine. ▲How to give first aid (急救): Let your child sit upright (直立) and tell him to put his head down. Help your child press both sides of the nose for ten minutes. Do not stop to see if the bleeding has stopped. ▲If first aid works: Rest your child for the next 12-24 hours. Tell him to do quiet activities such as drawing, reading or watching TV. Tell him not to take a hot shower for at least 24 hours after a nosebleed. Tell him not to touch or blow his nose for 24 hours. ▲If first aid doesn’t work: You’d better take him to hospital. 26. How many reasons does the writer give for nosebleeds? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 27. What may children feel when nosebleeds happen? A. Scared. B. Surprised. C. Shy. D. Smart. 28. What activity shouldn’t people do after a nosebleed? A. Drawing B. Reading C. Watching TV D. Playing basketball 29. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage? A. Stop to see if the bleeding has stopped. B. One should take a hot shower as soon as the bleeding stops. C. It’s wrong to blow the nose as soon as the bleeding stops. D. One should go to hospital right away if he has a nosebleed. 30. Who is this passage mainly written for? A. Children. B. Parents. C. Nurses. D. Doctors. B The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie (绑) the rabbit’s hair to a stick , would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 31. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen? A. Because the king asked him to do so. B. Because he wanted to be an inventor. C. Because he didn’t have silk to write on. D. Because the pen brought him much trouble. 32. What does the underlined word “disappointed” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. excited B. unhappy C. interested D. successful 33. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. The brush pen could write well. b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole. A. b-d-a-c B. d-b-a-c C. b-d-c-a D. c-d-b-a 34. How can the students understand Chinese culture better? A. By learning to use brush pens. B. By playing a role. C. By planting more bamboo. D. By inventing things. 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. Make friends with animals. B. Value fantastic memories. C. Keep trying and never give up. D. Build a peaceful world. C 配对阅读。阅读下面右栏的七个志愿者活动，为左栏五位志愿者选出合适他们的志愿者活动。（有两个多余选项） ___36___ John: There are many kinds of plants in my home. I take care of them carefully and they grow very well. ___37___ Dick: My favorite subject is science. I can solve difficult science problems by myself in a short time. I’m free every night. ___38___ Alice: I am good at acting. I often read stories to my classmates and act a part in the shows. ___39___ Linda: I like drawing. I have lots of pencils in different colors and can draw some wonderful pictures. I’m free on weekends. ___40___ Tina: I usually read geography books in my free time. I know a lot about different places of China. I’m free from Thursday to Saturday. A．Our geography teacher is ill. So we need a volunteer to teach geography from Thursday to Friday. B．The Science Club needs a teacher. He or she needs to teach students how to solve problems every Friday night. C．Care about the disabled people. We need a volunteer to spend time with them. It would be good if you could help them do exercise. D．There are many kids here. If you can play games, read and act some stories with them together, welcome to join us! E．Our children need to draw some pictures. We need someone who likes painting. It will be good if you can come on weekends. F．The kids in our class want to plant some green plants and give them to their parents as gifts. If you can teach them to plant, please help us. G．There is a training dog. He can help do something and make a big difference to your life. 五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 worry see situation unless I suddenly to strong shake an shock be It was a usual day, and we were having a math class. I sat next to my best friend, Joe. He was always quiet and shy. ___41___, a paper ball hit Joe’s head. We turned around and ___42___ Tom laughing. He was the class bully (霸凌者) and was not friendly ___43___ Joe. I could see the sadness in Joe’s eyes, and it made Tom feel helpless and angry. After class, I decided to ___44___ brave to stand up for Joe. But I was a little scared because Tom was much ___45___ than me. I knew we would have a fight. But I also knew Tom would keep bullying Joe ___46___ I did something. The next day I stood up when Tom started picking on (欺负) Joe. My heart was beating fast while my hands were ___47___. But I looked Tom in the eye. I told him what he was doing was not right. Tom was ___48___. He tried to scare me with his words, but I didn’t back down. Tom stopped picking on Joe in the end. ___49___ was proud of myself for doing that. That day, I learned I should stand up for what is right, even if it is hard and scares you. Sometimes, being brave can make a big difference in someone else’s life. From that day on, I promised myself that when facing difficult _____50_____, I would always try to be brave. 六．读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A．回答问题 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 Giraffes are the tallest mammals (哺乳动物) on the earth. How do they sleep and drink? You may think it’s very difficult for them to sleep. Adult Giraffes can grow up to 18 feet. Giraffes living in the wild (野生的) sleep for half an hour a day. When they sleep, they hardly ever lie down and sleep for minutes at a time, since it’s difficult for them to get up again and it’s dangerous in the wild. But the giraffes in the zoo sleep around 4.6 hours per day. They usually sleep lying down. Drinking water may cause problems for giraffes because their necks are too long to reach the ground. To drink water, they must spread their legs in an uncomfortable position. As a result, they get most of their water from the leaves they eat. They only need to drink water every a few days. The number of the giraffes is getting fewer and fewer. Here are the ways to protect them. Firstly, we should let more people know that giraffes are in danger. Secondly, we should stop people cutting down the trees, then they can have more food to eat. Finally, we should set up more nature parks to help them live in peace. In a word, all of us should take action to protect giraffes. 51. What are the tallest mammals on the Earth? _____________________________________________________ 52. How long do giraffes living in the wild sleep every day? ____________________________________________________ 53. Why may drinking water cause problems for Giraffes? ____________________________________________________ 54. Where do giraffes get most of their water? ____________________________________________________ 55. How many ways are mentioned to protect giraffes? ____________________________________________________ B．书面表达 56. 鲸鱼是海洋中最大的动物，它们主要以小鱼和其它海洋生物为生，它们能够高高地跃出水面，还能唱歌，是人类的好朋友，但目前面临着濒临灭绝的危险。请以“Let’s Save Whales”为题，写一篇不少于80词的短文。内容包括： 1．鲸鱼的基本情况（包括生存环境、食物、能力……）： 2．导致鲸鱼濒临灭绝的原因： 3．呼吁大家采取措施来保护鲸鱼（至少2条措施）； （1）可在内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Let’s Save Whales Whales are huge animals in the sea and some of them have teeth ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$