专题03 七选五-2024年山东省高考英语精选模拟题分类汇编.zip

专题03 七选五 Passage1.【2024•山东泰安•模拟预测】 Pythagoras was a philosopher and mathematician who revolutionized the world. He’s best known for the Pythagorean Theorem. 1 Here we mention some famous sayings from Pythagoras. “Do not be ambitious and stingy; the just measure is excellent in such cases.” 2 That’s because excessive ambition can turn you into a person who doesn’t know how to enjoy the little things in life. In fact, it sows the seed of continuous dissatisfaction. “Listen, you will be wise. 3 ” Do you know how to listen to others? Do you balance out your speaking and listening? Although this may seem easy to answer, in reality, you usually tend to talk more than listen. However, this is a serious mistake to make. Pythagoras was aware that so much can be learned by listening to others. There’s no rush to respond or to challenge an opinion with which you don’t agree. 4 That’s the key. “Assist a man in raising a burden, but do not assist him in laying it down.” Sometimes, you want to help others. Maybe they have problems with their partner or they’re just feeling sad. Being there for these people and supporting them is something that’ll help them a lot. However, if you help them, it should be because you want to. Remember, you’re not required to completely assume their problems for them. More than anything, this is because you won’t solve anything by doing so. 5 A．It is better to express your ideas. B．The beginning of wisdom is silence. C．Listen first then respond wisely later. D．Such behaviour can lead to endless quarrels. E．Indeed, this is still studied in philosophy today. F．In fact, you’ll just add more weight to their load. G．You are bound to maintain moderate positions in life. Passage2.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 6 Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature  is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 7 Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. 8 However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 9 Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 10 By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A．Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B．The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C．This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D．Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E．So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F．By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G．As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. Passage3.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF EVERY BOOK YOU READ Reading books can be one of life’s greatest pleasures and learning experiences. 11 . Especially if you’re reading a book for more than just the pleasure of it, you have to do more than just turn over its pages. Here we will explore actionable ways to maximize the benefits of reading.Set clear goals before reading Understanding why you’re reading a book can significantly impact how you approach it. The right goal will help you pay attention to what’s most important. If you’re reading a book about photography, you may want to pay particular attention to the images. 12 .Make summaries for every chapter After finishing a chapter, take a few minutes to summarize it in your own words. 13 . It also creates a handy reference guide for the future. Summarizing can be a creative process, too. Try using bullet points, mind maps, or one-liners to capture the essence of each chapter.Apply what you’ve learned 14 . If a book teaches you a new approach to time management, try implementing it in your daily routine. If a novel provides a moral lesson, reflect on how it applies to your life. This active application ensures that the book leaves a lasting impact. 15 The process of reading doesn’t end when you turn the last page. Regularly revisiting your notes, summaries, and reflections keeps the material fresh and relevant. Consider setting aside time each month to review previous reads and reflect how they’ve shaped your thoughts and actions. Not for every book, of course, just for the most impactful ones. A．Repeat reading for deeper insights B．Review and reflect C．You may notice details, themes, or ideas that were hidden during your first reading D．This exercise deepens your understanding and helps identify the central themes and ideas E．So spend some time reflecting on what you hope to achieve and let that guide your reading process F．However, many of us struggle to remember and apply what we’ve read G．Taking action on what you’ve read transforms theoretical knowledge into practical wisdom Passage4.【2024•山东泰安•二模】Have you ever considered what it would be like to be unable to smile? I hadn't, up until a few months ago, when I found that I actually couldn’t. I went to the doctor and was diagnosed with Bell’s Palsy-A relatively unknown condition that paralyses one half of the face. This was quite a shock and depressed me enormously. 16 , the story is not about how tough life is, but how awesome it is when God challenges you in different ways. Anyway, smiling is a part of everyday life for me. It is my way of greeting people, of laughing, silent communication and consolidation. 17 . Is it the lifting of the sides of a person’s mouth, the twinkling of the eye, or is it something beyond...or should I say behind the physical smile? 18 , I came up with the conclusion that a genuine smile is not merely characterized by the upturning of the corners of the mouth, but by the actions, words, and thoughts of the smiler. This equipped me with hope and confidence. The reason was that I was aware smiling is not just an outward expression, but an inward lifestyle. With this in mind, I set to learning how to smile through my actions. There are a few things I had to change, but it is thanks to this challenge God has given me that I have grown closer to him. 19 . I would really encourage you to smile more often and not just with your face! 20 . For instance, Smile Cards with a chocolate bar/bookmark/bible verse/voucher! Slip it into someone’s hand/school bag and let them experience the true smile. A．After thinking about this for a while B．Smiling contributes to a person’s life quality C．If I had really grasped the meaning of a smile D．While this was a major bomb dropped on my life E．A smile can be anything making you or someone else joyful F．“Losing” half my face motivated me to rethink what a smile is G．I have become more confident, defeating the depressed un-smilers Passage5.【2024•山东菏泽•二模】 How to Fall Back in Love with Reading Do you remember the last time you spent time reading books for pleasure? In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature. 21 The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again. 22 Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library. Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks. 23 Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book. 24 This is a great way to engage with what you’re reading on a deeper level and a fun way to document your reading journey. Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable. 25 A．Find a book that interests you. B．Create a positive reading routine. C．But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past! D．By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle. E．Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next! F．The others in your book club may come from different backgrounds. G．It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory. Passage6.【2024•山东滨州•二模】 We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! 26 I called someone the wrong name. What may be worse than not remembering someone’s name is calling the person by the wrong name. For instance, you’re speaking to a friend's new husband, and you call him by the ex-husband’s name. Or you refer to your new boss by the ousted boss’s name. Try to acknowledge your mistake with a little humour. Perhaps say, “Oh, I really know you’re Mike and not Tom.” 27 If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. 28 You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. Since the floor isn’t going to open up and swallow you whole, you’re going to have to deal with this. You must offer an apology, and it must be a good one. Don’t say, “I didn’t really mean it.” You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. 29 Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. My friend has bad breath. How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. 30 And if they accept your offer, everyone wins. If not? Well, it depends on how strong your friendship is. You either risk offending your friend with the truth or ignore the problem and excuse yourself to get a breath of fresh air. A．I really put my foot in my mouth. B．Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. C．Whatever the reason, don’t make a big deal of it. D．This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. E．You'd think these matters would be your business alone. F．Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. G．In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. Passage7.【2024•山东菏泽•模拟预测】 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? 31 Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. 32 And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. 33 It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. 34 Studies of cognitive fatigue (认知疲倦) could also be key to understanding how workers react to and recover from high-risk mental work such as air-traffic control, in which even a brief loss of focus can cost lives. The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed. 35 By doing so, it causes the molecule to accumulate during difficult mental work. A．Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. B．The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. C．A new study has found out some answers to this question. D．That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). E．Glutamate is a chemical messenger in the brain that plays a role in learning. F．Healthy levels of glutamate provide energy for brain cells and promote a sleep health. G．He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. Passage8.【2024•山东菏泽•模拟预测】 Tips on how to be a good roommate It can be a wonderful and satisfying experience to have roommates to share a home with. Living with others can often help you develop close relationships and learn some life skills along the way. But being a good roommate is more than just making your rent payments on time. 36 . Here are some tips on how to be a good roommate. 37 Any effective roommate relationship is built on respect. Just like in any other healthy relationship, roommates need to appreciate and respect one another’s boundaries and personal space. But since at least initially roommates are total strangers, it is worthwhile to spend some time talking about and deciding on ground rules for noise levels, cleaning tasks, and shared resources. Communicate honestly 38 . Create an open-door policy where roommates can feel free to voice their worries, expectations, and feedback. Hold house meetings on a regular basis where all important information is shared and addressed. This helps to make sure that no problem will fall between the cracks and go unattended. Keep things clean and organized Nothing is more important than keeping your shared spaces clean and organized. Take the time to clean up after yourself and respect each other’s standards of cleanliness. Keep shared areas like bathrooms and kitchens clean. 39 . Be considerate of your roommate’s needs Being considerate of your roommate’s schedule, preferences, and routines is part of living with them. It is wise to be mindful of noise levels, especially when one roommate is working or sleeping. 40 . For example, you can offer to pick up groceries or help with chores around the house. A．Practice respect B．Establish some basic rules C．A supportive living environment is created by small things D．Living with other people is bound to lead to disagreements E．To resolve any concerns that may develop, effective communication is essential F．It means creating a peaceful living environment with respect and understanding G．And have clear definitions as to where the boundaries are for your personal and shared space Passage9.【2024•山东烟台•三模】 Holiday Stress The whole point of a holiday surely is to get away from everything, to give yourself some “time off” and to fight the mental tiredness. 41 Despite a holiday being designed to help you fight stress, it can actually create many stressful issues that you might not have considered beforehand. 42 Meanwhile, you’ll be concerned about things going wrong and costing you a lot of money and then when you’re out there you might miss all the usual ease. Consequently, when your comforts and routines are taken away, you can end up feeling rather stressful. Travelling on the plane and even just getting to the airport can be much more stressful when you have to drag around lots of huge cases. 43 And pack light, even if it means you have to buy a towel when you get out there. Usually, you are stressed about some aspects of your holiday. 44 For example, if your hotel failed to have your reservation, you could easily stay somewhere else and then get your money back later. The great thing about holiday is that you get a period of time to deal with any stress you might be facing. When you arrive at your destination and find you are full of holiday stress, why not take a day out to just lie around on the beach and to listen to the waves. 45 Overall, with all those in mind, you can ensure your trip is more of a positive experience than a negative one. A．We will look at what causes holiday stress. B．Nonetheless, it can possible be a stressful thing. C．However, you know the great thing about being on holiday. D．It works to think of how you would manage in that situation. E．This contributes to fighting any stress you might be experiencing. F．It’s a good idea to minimize the amount of luggage you’re carrying. G．You might spend the week packing luggage and worrying about almost everything. Passage10.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 Short-form videos, also known as Shorts, have gained great popularity, particularly on platforms like TikTok and Instagram Reels. 46 However, there’s a growing concern that watching too many Shorts can affect children’s brains. The phenomenon known as “TikTok Brain” arises from the app’s short and addictive videos. Similar to candy, these videos generate rapid dopamine (多巴胺) releases, stimulating the brain’s pleasure center. A study was conducted to investigate the impact of Shorts on the teenage brains. 47 They stimulated the brain’s reward centers more intensely than random videos. Our brains process visual information faster than text, which explains why videos tend to outperform text-based content online. Due to their underdeveloped reading skills, children are more easily to become addicted to visual stimuli. Remarkably, social media platforms can do a lot harm to the development of reading habits among younger users. 48 According to Jessica Griffin, a professor of child psychology, Shorts affect the developing brains of children and teenagers. The prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) is responsible for attention, self-control, memory, and learning flexibility. 49 This delayed development makes young individuals more easily influenced by Shorts. In conclusion, the constant exposure to fast-paced and stimulating content in Shorts can impact children’s attention. To address this issue, parents can have open conversations with their children about the potential risks. 50 Furthermore, encouraging physical activities and outdoor experiences is also crucial to develop a balance d lifestyle. A．Some even do not include text at all. B．TikTok’s feed is created addictive by design. C．But it does not fully mature until around the age of 25. D．It is helpful to use screen time management tools for Shorts. E．Short-term memory and the ability to concentrate are affected. F．It revealed that these videos are personalized, selected and fed to users. G．They’re brief attention-grabbing videos that can be entertaining and addictive. Passage11.【2024•山东济南•三模】 Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why. 51 Yoga can improve your posture and balance, strengthen bones and muscles and keep your back and joints healthy. 52 Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body. Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes. 53 After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste. Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise. 54 As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life. 55 However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches. A．Different poses offer different benefits. B．The detailed advantages are as follows. C．Actually, yoga is a way of life at its roots. D．This exercise is said to strengthen your body. E．Yoga seems unlikely to send you to the hospital. F．A lot of studies have been carried out about yoga. G．The aim of this pose is to settle your mind and body. Passage12.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 What is self-appreciation and how is it different from gratitude? There’s no doubt that we obtain plentiful benefits from practicing gratitude. The word gratitude is from the Latin world gratin, which means grace, kindness, or gratefulness. 56 Studies have found that gratitude greatly minimize s negative feelings such as depression, negative social comparisons, regret, anger, and envy. 57 It is the recognition and valuing of one’s unique qualities, abilities, talents. and achievements, both big and small. It involves acknowledging your worth and taking pride in your positive qualities. In a word, self-appreciation is being grateful for our own selves and delighting in our goodness without inspiring feelings of pride or overconfidence. One of important elements of self-appreciation is sell-reflection, which includes examining our feelings, behaviors, and the motivations that may li e behind them. You can learn low to develop self-reflection by working with a doctor or by journaling. Journaling provides a devoted space to explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. 58 All too after, we’re more likely to comfort, support, and provide sympathy to our friends and our family than for ourselves when we’re struggling. 59 It is the act of treating oneself with kindness and understanding. particularly during difficult times and also includes recognizing, without judgment, our flaws and failures. 60 Dr. Kristin Neff, a pioneer in self-compassion research, identifies three key components, self-kindness. common humanity, and mindfulness. When you catch yourself giving yourself a hard time over this holiday season, stop, pause, and practice the skill of self-appreciation. A．How do you know if you are experiencing a sense of gratitude? B．However, self-compassion is the second component of self-appreciation. C．Self-evalution is an important aspect of recognizing your personal growth. D．Writing helps with clarifying our experience, whether it is negative or positive. E．The practice of self-appreciation takes the positive effects of gratitude one step further. F．Its ultimate aim is to develop a loving, supportive, and empathetic relationship with oneself. G．In practice, gratitude involves appreciating received blessings and acknowledging life goodness. Passage13.【2024•山东泰安•三模】 Tips for Planning a Nature Walk With Your Child When it comes to planning a nature walk, the key tip to keep in mind is to have fun with it! 61 If children are given the opportunity to experience nature, even in simple ways, interaction and engagement follow quite naturally.Let your children get dirty. If your little one is anxious to crawl (爬) in the dirt to get a better look at worms, then go for it! 62 Research suggests that kids who play the dirt are exposed to bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune (免疫) system and reduce the risks of certain allergies and illnesses later in life. 63 Encourage them to stop to turn over rocks, touch moss, and when they can, climb on and over rocks and fallen trees. Whatever the environment, which you assess for any unreasonable danger, the children can set the pace — stimulating confidence, flexibility, problem-solving, creativity, and a sense of wonder.Get creative. 64 Davis suggests pretending play, such as using a stick as a s word or magic wand, or making up stories about the items found during your walk. Your findings also work great for an art project. “Collecting rocks while on your nature walk can later he painted and re-purposed as beautiful works of art,” says Davis.Let older children be more adventurous. For the older kids, it’s all shout making a deeper connect ion with the world around them. With older kids, you can encourage them to connect with nature on a deeper level by exploring their senses. 65 . A．Assess environment. B．Have your children lead the way. C．Nature is perfect for a child’s creativity. D．Nature walks don’t have to be complicated. E．Dirt might get a bad reputation, but it shouldn’t. F．Try having them walk barefoot on different surfaces. G．Give them the freedom to play in their own ways. Passage14.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 Time is a valuable resource, especially for those who need to deal with academic demands, personal growth, and social activities at the same time. Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity, but reduces stress. 66 . Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management. Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth. 67 They’ll also distribute time accordingly. Whether it’s studying for exams or pursuing personal interests, having well-defined goals provides a sense of direction. Meanwhile, importance levels of tasks can vary. By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones, young adults can perfect their time management. 68 It makes efficient use of their time. Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities, including study time, exercise,socializing, can lead to better time use. Furthermore, learning to say no is a valuable skill for youth. With numerous opportunities and interests, it’s easy to become overwhelmed. By being selective about commitments, young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks. 69 . In the pursuit of personal success, young adults often find themselves caught up in a series of responsibilities and commitments. However, it’s essential for them to recognize that life shouldn’t be like this. Self-care plays a vital role in time management. 70 By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance, young adults can recharge their energy levels, improve focus, and increase productivity. That way, they perfect time usage and pave the way for success. A．That actually prevents over-commitment. B．One should constantly review how time is spent. C．It creates opportunities for personal development as well. D．Developing a daily schedule helps young adults stay organized. E．Putting things off constantly is a common time management project. F．By knowing what they want to accomplish, they can prioritize their tasks. G．Youth should value adequate rest and activities that promote their well-being. Passage15.【2024•山东潍坊•一模】 It’s not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technology is already old-hat. The new, better way to pay for things in shops? By using your phone to make a contactless payment. Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details. 71 And this could be a problem — it means that if the shop is hacked (侵入) or plays fast and loose with its data, you could find your card number exposed to the world. However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money. 72 That is to say, phone payments are smarter. 73 If a pickpocket steals your card they can immediately use up the money. But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check-it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are. 74 Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around £ 100 for most retailers-though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone. Want to give it a try? To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions. 75 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank. Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it. And then, well, you’re done. When you pay, hold your phone over the payment machine, and pay for your goods! A．It helps to build the client list. B．The setup process varies with banks. C．No one needs to share any sensitive data. D．It’s also more effective against the threat of thefts. E．And phone payments are increasingly convenient too. F．Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone. G．Therefore, it knows which bank account to take the money from. Passage16.【2024•山东枣庄•二模】 It’s been estimated that people touch their cell phones hundreds of times every day. That means plenty of opportunities for germs to move from our fingers to our phones. 76 But a recent study found more than 17,000 bacterial gene copies on the phones of high school students. One of the worst places to use cell phones is in the bathroom. 77 Studies  have  found that our mobile phones are much dirtier than toilet seats. Just as an expert puts it, taking a phone into the bathroom and then leaving with it is kind of like going in, not washing your hands and then coming back out. While many of us wash our hands regularly after going to the bathroom, we seldom consider washing our hands after touching our phones. 78 You can use alcohol-based wipes or sprays to clean your phone regularly. They need to contain at least 70% alcohol to disinfect phone casings and touch screens. 79 Remember to sanitize (消毒) your phone charger occasionally when you are cleaning your phone. And wash your hands thoroughly after you’ve finished cleaning. 80 Get in the habit of putting your phone away when it’s not in use, then cleaning your hands. When not at home, keep your phone in your pocket or bag. Use a disposable paper list of to-do items, rather than constantly consulting your phone. Do not share your phone with others if you have not first sanitized it. If children are allowed to play with your phone, sanitize it as soon as possible afterward. A．Do it every day if possible. B．How you handle your phone will also be critical. C．So it’s clear that you keep away from your phone.9125 D．When toilets flush, they spread germs everywhere. E．The more germs they collect, the more germs you touch. F．Research has varied on how many germs are on an average phone. G．Fortunately, there are easy ways to avoid your phone collecting germs. ( 16 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 七选五 Passage1.【2024•山东泰安•模拟预测】 Pythagoras was a philosopher and mathematician who revolutionized the world. He’s best known for the Pythagorean Theorem. 1 Here we mention some famous sayings from Pythagoras. “Do not be ambitious and stingy; the just measure is excellent in such cases.” 2 That’s because excessive ambition can turn you into a person who doesn’t know how to enjoy the little things in life. In fact, it sows the seed of continuous dissatisfaction. “Listen, you will be wise. 3 ” Do you know how to listen to others? Do you balance out your speaking and listening? Although this may seem easy to answer, in reality, you usually tend to talk more than listen. However, this is a serious mistake to make. Pythagoras was aware that so much can be learned by listening to others. There’s no rush to respond or to challenge an opinion with which you don’t agree. 4 That’s the key. “Assist a man in raising a burden, but do not assist him in laying it down.” Sometimes, you want to help others. Maybe they have problems with their partner or they’re just feeling sad. Being there for these people and supporting them is something that’ll help them a lot. However, if you help them, it should be because you want to. Remember, you’re not required to completely assume their problems for them. More than anything, this is because you won’t solve anything by doing so. 5 A．It is better to express your ideas. B．The beginning of wisdom is silence. C．Listen first then respond wisely later. D．Such behaviour can lead to endless quarrels. E．Indeed, this is still studied in philosophy today. F．In fact, you’ll just add more weight to their load. G．You are bound to maintain moderate positions in life. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了毕达哥拉斯的一些名言。 1．根据上文“Pythagoras was a philosopher and mathematician who revolutionized the world. He’s best known for the Pythagorean Theorem.(毕达哥拉斯是一位哲学家和数学家，他彻底改变了世界。他最出名的是勾股定理)”以及后文“Here we mention some famous sayings from Pythagoras.(这里我们提到毕达哥拉斯的一些名言)”可知，本句主要肯定了毕达哥拉斯的勾股定理，后文引出其他名言。故E选项“的确，这在今天的哲学中仍在研究”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据小标题“Do not be ambitious and stingy; the just measure is excellent in such cases.(不要野心勃勃，不要吝啬；在这种情况下，公正的措施是极好的)”以及后文“That’s because excessive ambition can turn you into a person who doesn’t know how to enjoy the little things in life. In fact, it sows the seed of continuous dissatisfaction.(这是因为过度的野心会把你变成一个不知道如何享受生活中的小事情的人。事实上，它播下了持续不满的种子)”可知，后文提到不要过度野心，推测本句是在建议保持怎样的立场。故G选项“你在生活中一定要保持温和的立场”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据上文“Listen, you will be wise.(倾听，你会有智慧)”可知，本句与如何变得有智慧有关系，且B选项中wisdom对应上文wise。故B选项“智慧的开端是沉默”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“Pythagoras was aware that so much can be learned by listening to others. There’s no rush to respond or to challenge an opinion with which you don’t agree.(毕达哥拉斯意识到通过倾听他人可以学到很多东西。不要急于回应或挑战你不同意的观点)”可知，本句说明如何正确地倾听。故C选项“先听，然后明智地回应”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“Being there for these people and supporting them is something that’ll help them a lot. However, if you help them, it should be because you want to. Remember, you’re not required to completely assume their problems for them. More than anything, this is because you won’t solve anything by doing so.(在这些人身边，支持他们，会对他们有很大的帮助。然而，如果你帮助他们，那应该是因为你想帮助他们。记住，你不需要完全承担他们的问题。最重要的是，这是因为这样做并不能解决任何问题)”可知，上文提到了不需要完全承担他们的问题，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这么做的坏处。故F选项“事实上，你只会增加他们的负担”符合语境，故选F。 Passage2.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 6 Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature  is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 7 Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. 8 However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 9 Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 10 By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A．Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B．The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C．This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D．Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E．So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F．By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G．As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. 【答案】6．C 7．F 8．G 9．D 10．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天跑步时保持健康的一些建议。 6．根据上文“To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. (为了避免中暑、头晕和其他与热有关的问题，在跑步前、跑步中和跑步后要喝大量的液体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，防止中暑等问题的建议，C 选项“This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. (这将帮助你保持身体的最佳功能。)”中的This指代上文提到的“喝大量的液体”，符合语境。故选C。 7．根据上文“The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. (早晨的温度通常比较凉爽，而随着一天的推移，太阳会变得更加猛烈。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，选择合适的时间的建议，F 选项“By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. (通过这样做，你可以避开在一天晚些时候经常出现的炎热和人群。)”中的 by doing it 指代上文提到的“在早晨跑步”，符合语境。故选F。 8．根据下文“However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. (然而，在夏天跑步时穿着得体是很重要的。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，穿着方面的建议，G 选项“As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. (随着天气变暖，人们很容易穿上短裤和背心去跑步。)”中的“穿上短裤和背心去跑步”是不恰当的穿着，与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选 G。 9．根据上文“When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. (在夏天跑步时，要注意自己的身体，在需要时休息，以防过度劳累导致中暑。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，要注意身体，避免过度劳累，D 选项“Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. (因此，除了以上的建议，调整自己的节奏也很重要)。”中的“调整自己的节奏”是避免过度劳累的方法之一，符合语境。故选 D。 10．根据上文“After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. (在炎热的跑步后，喝大量的液体，花几分钟时间伸展身体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步后，要注意身体的冷却和伸展，A 选项“Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. (然后，去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡。)。”中的“去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡”是身体冷却的方法之一，符合语境。故选 A。 Passage3.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF EVERY BOOK YOU READ Reading books can be one of life’s greatest pleasures and learning experiences. 11 . Especially if you’re reading a book for more than just the pleasure of it, you have to do more than just turn over its pages. Here we will explore actionable ways to maximize the benefits of reading.Set clear goals before reading Understanding why you’re reading a book can significantly impact how you approach it. The right goal will help you pay attention to what’s most important. If you’re reading a book about photography, you may want to pay particular attention to the images. 12 .Make summaries for every chapter After finishing a chapter, take a few minutes to summarize it in your own words. 13 . It also creates a handy reference guide for the future. Summarizing can be a creative process, too. Try using bullet points, mind maps, or one-liners to capture the essence of each chapter.Apply what you’ve learned 14 . If a book teaches you a new approach to time management, try implementing it in your daily routine. If a novel provides a moral lesson, reflect on how it applies to your life. This active application ensures that the book leaves a lasting impact. 15 The process of reading doesn’t end when you turn the last page. Regularly revisiting your notes, summaries, and reflections keeps the material fresh and relevant. Consider setting aside time each month to review previous reads and reflect how they’ve shaped your thoughts and actions. Not for every book, of course, just for the most impactful ones. A．Repeat reading for deeper insights B．Review and reflect C．You may notice details, themes, or ideas that were hidden during your first reading D．This exercise deepens your understanding and helps identify the central themes and ideas E．So spend some time reflecting on what you hope to achieve and let that guide your reading process F．However, many of us struggle to remember and apply what we’ve read G．Taking action on what you’ve read transforms theoretical knowledge into practical wisdom 【答案】11．F 12．E 13．D 14．G 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何从你读过的每本书中获得最大的收获。 11．空前“Reading books can be one of life’s greatest pleasures and learning experiences.(读书是人生最大的乐趣和学习经历之一。)”说明读书是人生最大的乐趣和学习经历之一，空后“Especially if you’re reading a book for more than just the pleasure of it, you have to do more than just turn over its pages. Here we will explore actionable ways to maximize the benefits of reading.(尤其是如果你读一本书不仅仅是为了乐趣，你必须做的不仅仅是翻页。在这里，我们将探索可行的方法来最大化阅读的好处。)”说明了后文就要讲最大化阅读的好处的方法，由此可见，有的人不能很好地从阅读中得到好处，F选项“However, many of us struggle to remember and apply what we’ve read(然而，我们中的许多人都很难记住和应用我们读过的东西)”中的However表转折，说明我们中的许多人很难记住和应用我们读过的东西，也就是不能从阅读中得到最大的好处，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 12．本段小标题是“Set clear goals before reading(阅读前设定明确的目标)”，说明本段主要讲的是阅读前要设定明确的目标，空格处应该是和设定目标有关，E选项“So spend some time reflecting on what you hope to achieve and let that guide your reading process(所以，花点时间思考你希望达到的目标，并让它指导你的阅读过程)”说明要思考阅读要达到的目标，和小标题一致，符合语境，故选E。 13．空前“After finishing a chapter, take a few minutes to summarize it in your own words.(读完一章后，花几分钟用自己的话总结一下。)”说明了读完一章后要花几分钟用自己的话总结一下，空格处应该说明这么做的好处，D选项“This exercise deepens your understanding and helps identify the central themes and ideas(这个练习加深你的理解，帮助你确定中心主题和思想)”说明了读完一章后花几分钟用自己的话总结一下的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 14．本段小标题是“Apply what you’ve learned(学以致用)”，说明本段要讲的是把读到的东西加以应用，空格处应该和应用读到的东西有关，G选项“Taking action on what you’ve read transforms theoretical knowledge into practical wisdom(运用你读过的东西，可以将理论知识转化为实践智慧)”说明了应用读过的东西，和小标题一致，符合语境，故选G。 15．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Regularly revisiting your notes, summaries, and reflections keeps the material fresh and relevant. Consider setting aside time each month to review previous reads and reflect how they’ve shaped your thoughts and actions.(定期回顾笔记、总结和反思，可以保持材料的新鲜感和相关性。考虑一下每个月抽出一点时间回顾一下以前读过的文章，反思一下它们是如何影响你的思想和行动的。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要回顾和反思，B选项“Review and reflect(回顾和反思)”说明了要回顾和反思，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选B。 Passage4.【2024•山东泰安•二模】Have you ever considered what it would be like to be unable to smile? I hadn't, up until a few months ago, when I found that I actually couldn’t. I went to the doctor and was diagnosed with Bell’s Palsy-A relatively unknown condition that paralyses one half of the face. This was quite a shock and depressed me enormously. 16 , the story is not about how tough life is, but how awesome it is when God challenges you in different ways. Anyway, smiling is a part of everyday life for me. It is my way of greeting people, of laughing, silent communication and consolidation. 17 . Is it the lifting of the sides of a person’s mouth, the twinkling of the eye, or is it something beyond...or should I say behind the physical smile? 18 , I came up with the conclusion that a genuine smile is not merely characterized by the upturning of the corners of the mouth, but by the actions, words, and thoughts of the smiler. This equipped me with hope and confidence. The reason was that I was aware smiling is not just an outward expression, but an inward lifestyle. With this in mind, I set to learning how to smile through my actions. There are a few things I had to change, but it is thanks to this challenge God has given me that I have grown closer to him. 19 . I would really encourage you to smile more often and not just with your face! 20 . For instance, Smile Cards with a chocolate bar/bookmark/bible verse/voucher! Slip it into someone’s hand/school bag and let them experience the true smile. A．After thinking about this for a while B．Smiling contributes to a person’s life quality C．If I had really grasped the meaning of a smile D．While this was a major bomb dropped on my life E．A smile can be anything making you or someone else joyful F．“Losing” half my face motivated me to rethink what a smile is G．I have become more confident, defeating the depressed un-smilers 【答案】16．D 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．E 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因患贝尔氏麻痹症而无法微笑，进而重新思考微笑真正含义。 16．根据上文“I went to the doctor and was diagnosed with Bell’s Palsy-A relatively unknown condition that paralyses one half of the face. This was quite a shock and depressed me enormously.(我去看了医生，被诊断出患有贝尔氏麻痹症——一种相对不为人知的病症，它会使我的半个脸瘫痪。这让我非常震惊，也让我非常沮丧。)”和下文“the story is not about how tough life is, but how awesome it is when God challenges you in different ways.(这个故事不是关于生活有多艰难，而是当上帝以不同的方式挑战你时，它是多么的棒。)”可知，空处需要一个转折句来连接前后文，表明虽然这个病给作者带来了打击，但她从中得到了成长。D项：While this was a major bomb dropped on my life(虽然这对我的生活来说是一个巨大的打击)符合语境。故选D。 17．根据上文“Anyway, smiling is a part of everyday life for me. It is my way of greeting people, of laughing, silent communication and consolidation.(无论如何，微笑对我来说是日常生活的一部分。这是我与人打招呼的方式，笑声，无声的交流和巩固。)”下文“Is it the lifting of the sides of a person’s mouth, the twinkling of the eye, or is it something beyond...or should I say behind the physical smile?(是嘴角的上扬，眼睛的闪烁，还是别的什么……或者我应该说在身体微笑的背后？)”可知，描述了微笑在作者日常生活中的重要性，接着作者开始思考微笑的真正含义。F项：“Losing” half my face motivated me to rethink what a smile is(“失去”半边脸促使我重新思考什么是微笑) 很好地承接了前文，并引出了后文对微笑定义的探讨，符合语境。故选F。 18．根据下文“I came up with the conclusion that a genuine smile is not merely characterized by the upturning of the corners of the mouth, but by the actions, words, and thoughts of the smiler.(我得出了一个结论:真正的微笑不仅仅是嘴角上扬，而是微笑者的行动、言语和思想。)”可知，空后得出结论，这表明作者在此之前进行了一段时间的思考。A项：After thinking about this for a while(在考虑了一会儿之后)是一个合适的过渡句，连接了作者的思考和结论，符合语境。故选A。 19．根据上文“With this in mind, I set to learning how to smile through my actions. There are a few things I had to change, but it is thanks to this challenge God has given me that I have grown closer to him.(带着这样的想法，我开始学习如何通过我的行动来微笑。有一些事情我必须改变，但正是由于上帝给了我这个挑战，我才更接近他。)”可知，上文描述了作者通过行动学习如何微笑，并因此与上帝更加亲近。这里需要一个总结性的句子来概括作者的变化和成长。G项：I have become more confident, defeating the depressed un-smilers(我变得更加自信，战胜了那些沮丧的不笑者)既总结了作者的变化，也呼应了前文提到的“我与上帝更加亲近”，符合语境。故选G。 20．根据下文“For instance, Smile Cards with a chocolate bar/bookmark/bible verse/voucher! Slip it into someone’s hand/school bag and let them experience the true smile.(例如，带有巧克力棒/书签/圣经经文/代金券的微笑卡片!把它塞进别人的手里或书包里，让他们体验真正的微笑。)”可知，下文提到了一些具体的行动建议，这表明这里需要一个引出具体行动建议的句子。E项：A smile can be anything making you or someone else joyful(微笑可以是任何让你或别人快乐的事情)符合语境。故选E。 Passage5.【2024•山东菏泽•二模】 How to Fall Back in Love with Reading Do you remember the last time you spent time reading books for pleasure? In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature. 21 The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again. 22 Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library. Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks. 23 Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book. 24 This is a great way to engage with what you’re reading on a deeper level and a fun way to document your reading journey. Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable. 25 A．Find a book that interests you. B．Create a positive reading routine. C．But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past! D．By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle. E．Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next! F．The others in your book club may come from different backgrounds. G．It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．D 24．G 25．E 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了如何重新爱上阅读的方法。 21．根据前文“In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature.(在这个数字干扰的时代，我们很容易找不到时间和空间来沉浸在文学中)”以及后文“The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again.(下面的建议将帮助你再次爱上阅读)”可知，前文介绍了我们不再阅读的原因，后文讲述帮助我们再次爱上阅读，所以前后是转折关系，C项“But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past!(但这并不意味着读书是过去的事情!)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选C项。 22．设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library.(无论是惊悚小说、爱情小说，甚至是一本关于你最喜欢的爱好的小说，确保你选择的东西从头到尾都能吸引你的注意力。如果你不确定从哪里开始，向你的朋友或家人寻求建议，查看在线评论，或浏览当地的书店或图书馆)”可知，本段主要讲述找一本自己最爱看的书，所以A项“Find a book that interests you.(找一本你感兴趣的书)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选A项。 23．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks.(留出时间读书。无论是睡前20分钟还是午休的一个小时，在你的时间表中留出一些时间会让你更容易坐下来阅读。如果你发现你没有太多的空闲时间，试着听有声读物)”可知，D项“By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle.(通过这种方式，你可以很容易地将阅读融入你忙碌的生活方式)”是对前句提到的方法的总结。故选D项。 24．根据前文“Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book.(坚持阅读日记。在你的日记里，你可以写下你对正在阅读的东西的想法，或者涂鸦受书启发的图片)”可知，G项“It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory.(不需要很复杂，只要几句话就可以唤起你的记忆)”是对前文的解释说明，符合文意。故选G项。 25．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable.(让阅读成为一种社交活动。无论你是和朋友一起成立一个读书俱乐部，还是加入一个在线阅读小组，能够和别人讨论你正在读的东西会让你的阅读体验更愉快)”可知，E项“Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next!(另外，这是获得下一步阅读建议的好方法!)”是讲述前文方法的好处，符合文艺。故选E项。 Passage6.【2024•山东滨州•二模】 We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! 26 I called someone the wrong name. What may be worse than not remembering someone’s name is calling the person by the wrong name. For instance, you’re speaking to a friend's new husband, and you call him by the ex-husband’s name. Or you refer to your new boss by the ousted boss’s name. Try to acknowledge your mistake with a little humour. Perhaps say, “Oh, I really know you’re Mike and not Tom.” 27 If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. 28 You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. Since the floor isn’t going to open up and swallow you whole, you’re going to have to deal with this. You must offer an apology, and it must be a good one. Don’t say, “I didn’t really mean it.” You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. 29 Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. My friend has bad breath. How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. 30 And if they accept your offer, everyone wins. If not? Well, it depends on how strong your friendship is. You either risk offending your friend with the truth or ignore the problem and excuse yourself to get a breath of fresh air. A．I really put my foot in my mouth. B．Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. C．Whatever the reason, don’t make a big deal of it. D．This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. E．You'd think these matters would be your business alone. F．Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. G．In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. 【答案】26．F 27．B 28．A 29．G 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了在遇到尴尬情况时如何避免尴尬的方法。 26．根据上文“We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! (我们都有过这样的经历：你说错了话，你想让大地吞噬你！)”可知，我们遇到过尴尬的经历，下文讲述缓解尴尬的方法，空处应承上启下，与F项“Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. (这里有一些关于如何处理尴尬情况的提示。)”上下文一致，故选F项。 27．根据下文“If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. (如果你的错误明显冒犯了权威人士，比如你的老板，再次为你的失误道歉。)”可知，要为自己的过错道歉，与B项“Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. (为你的失误道歉，让它过去吧。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 28．根据下文“You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. (你只是嘲笑一个熟人，你发现得太晚了，他就站在附近。)”可知，在不经意的情况下说错话了，与A项“I really put my foot in my mouth. (我确实说错话了。)”上下文一致，符合语境，故选A项。 29．根据上文“You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. (你可能是认真的，否认它只会使错误恶化。)”与下文“Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. (相反，为你所说的话的影响道歉。)”可知，空处表达的意思与下文相反，与G项“In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. (换句话说，不要为你对这个人的想法、感受或言论道歉。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 30．根据上文“How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. (你怎么告诉你的朋友他们有能杀死魔鬼的口气？这里有一个简单而迂回的方法:把一块口香糖塞进自己的嘴里，然后给你的朋友一块。)”可知，可以委婉的告诉朋友有口气，与D项“This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. (这样，你就不会直言不讳。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 Passage7.【2024•山东菏泽•模拟预测】 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? 31 Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. 32 And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. 33 It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. 34 Studies of cognitive fatigue (认知疲倦) could also be key to understanding how workers react to and recover from high-risk mental work such as air-traffic control, in which even a brief loss of focus can cost lives. The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed. 35 By doing so, it causes the molecule to accumulate during difficult mental work. A．Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. B．The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. C．A new study has found out some answers to this question. D．That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). E．Glutamate is a chemical messenger in the brain that plays a role in learning. F．Healthy levels of glutamate provide energy for brain cells and promote a sleep health. G．He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．A 34．G 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现思考过多致累原因：大脑释放的谷氨酸过多影响睡眠、情绪及脑活动，引发认知疲劳。研究者期望借此了解恢复方法，对高风险脑力工作者如空中交通管制员等尤为重要。 31．由上文“Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? (你有没有想过为什么想太多会让你疲惫？)”可知，这个问题提出关于思考过度导致疲劳的原因，下文应是对该问题的回应或解答。因此，C选项“A new study has found out some answers to this question. (一项新研究已经找到了一些答案。)”符合逻辑，既回答了上文的问题，也引出了下文的研究内容。故选C。 32．由上文“Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. (黎大脑研究所的研究人员研究了为什么脑力劳动会让我们感到疲倦。研究小组在他们的研究中观察了40名参与者的行为。其中24人执行具有挑战性的任务，包括看着电脑屏幕，匹配出现的不同字母。另外16名参与者做了类似但更简单的任务。)”可知，两组参与者进行了不同难度的任务，下文“And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. (他们发现，任务更困难的那一组大脑中的谷氨酸水平更高。谷氨酸是大脑释放的一种化学物质。)”紧接着说他们的发现，说明此处需要一个过渡句来引出研究者们的发现是通过何种方式得到的。因此，B选项“The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. (研究人员扫描了参与者的大脑。)”表明研究者们是通过扫描大脑来获取数据的，能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 33．由上文“And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. (他们发现，任务更困难的那一组大脑中的谷氨酸水平更高。谷氨酸是大脑释放的一种化学物质。)”和下文“It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. (它会影响人们的睡眠、情绪和大脑活动。同时，这意味着大脑告诉身体它累了，它必须休息。而且，如果让人们在立即获得现金奖励和几个月后获得的更大奖励之间做出选择，与一天开始时相比，人们更有可能选择较小的短期奖励。)”可知，空后的It指代一种对人有广泛影响的物质或因素。而上文提到了glutamate“谷氨酸”，所以这里应该继续讨论谷氨酸的影响。因此，A选项“Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. (过多的谷氨酸会扰乱大脑的功能。)”符合上下文语境，解释了谷氨酸过量的负面影响。故选A。 34．由上文“Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. (该研究的作者Antonius Wiehler现在希望利用这一系统来更多地了解如何从精神疲惫中恢复过来。)”可知，接下来的内容应该延续这一研究目的或方向。因此，G选项“He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. (他认为，了解更多关于谷氨酸水平如何恢复的信息将非常有用。)”与上文紧密相连，进一步阐述了研究者对于探究谷氨酸恢复机制的兴趣和重要性。故选G。 35．由上文“The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed."(这项研究的挑战在于谷氨酸水平可以在实验中改变。)”可知，接下来应该讲述如何改变或这一改变带来的具体影响。因此，D选项“That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). (也就是说，我们能够分解这些分子机制。)”逻辑上连接紧密，意味着通过实验改变谷氨酸水平可以揭示其背后的分子机制。故选D。 Passage8.【2024•山东菏泽•模拟预测】 Tips on how to be a good roommate It can be a wonderful and satisfying experience to have roommates to share a home with. Living with others can often help you develop close relationships and learn some life skills along the way. But being a good roommate is more than just making your rent payments on time. 36 . Here are some tips on how to be a good roommate. 37 Any effective roommate relationship is built on respect. Just like in any other healthy relationship, roommates need to appreciate and respect one another’s boundaries and personal space. But since at least initially roommates are total strangers, it is worthwhile to spend some time talking about and deciding on ground rules for noise levels, cleaning tasks, and shared resources. Communicate honestly 38 . Create an open-door policy where roommates can feel free to voice their worries, expectations, and feedback. Hold house meetings on a regular basis where all important information is shared and addressed. This helps to make sure that no problem will fall between the cracks and go unattended. Keep things clean and organized Nothing is more important than keeping your shared spaces clean and organized. Take the time to clean up after yourself and respect each other’s standards of cleanliness. Keep shared areas like bathrooms and kitchens clean. 39 . Be considerate of your roommate’s needs Being considerate of your roommate’s schedule, preferences, and routines is part of living with them. It is wise to be mindful of noise levels, especially when one roommate is working or sleeping. 40 . For example, you can offer to pick up groceries or help with chores around the house. A．Practice respect B．Establish some basic rules C．A supportive living environment is created by small things D．Living with other people is bound to lead to disagreements E．To resolve any concerns that may develop, effective communication is essential F．It means creating a peaceful living environment with respect and understanding G．And have clear definitions as to where the boundaries are for your personal and shared space 【答案】36．F 37．A 38．E 39．G 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一个好室友提出建议。 36．根据上文中“more than just making your rent payments on time.(不仅仅是按时交房租。)”可推知，下文设空处将介绍成为一个好室友的其它标准，F项“It means creating a peaceful living environment with respect and understanding(它意味着创造一个充满尊重和理解的和平生活环境)”承接上文，说明一个好室友还需要创造充满尊重和理解的和平生活环境，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 37．设空句是段首小标题。根据下文“Any effective roommate relationship is built on respect. Just like in any other healthy relationship, roommates need to appreciate and respect one another’s boundaries and personal space. But since at least initially roommates are total strangers, it is worthwhile to spend some time talking about and deciding on ground rules for noise levels, cleaning tasks, and shared resources.(任何有效的室友关系都是建立在尊重的基础上的。就像其他健康的关系一样，室友需要欣赏和尊重彼此的界限和个人空间。但由于室友们至少一开始是完全陌生的，所以花点时间讨论并决定噪音水平、清洁任务和共享资源的基本规则是值得的。)”可知，本段建议室友之间要相互尊重。故A项“Practice respect(养成尊重的习惯)”是本段主题最佳概括，且符合小标题是祈使句的特征。故选A项。 38．下文“Create an open-door policy where roommates can feel free to voice their worries, expectations, and feedback. Hold house meetings on a regular basis where all important information is shared and addressed. This helps to make sure that no problem will fall between the cracks and go unattended.(制定一个开放的政策，让室友可以自由地表达他们的担忧、期望和反馈。定期召开寝室会议，分享和处理所有重要的信息。这有助于确保任何问题都不会被遗漏或忽视。)”就建立与室友沟通的制度给出具体建议，是对E项“To resolve any concerns that may develop, effective communication is essential(为了解决可能出现的任何问题，有效的沟通是必不可少的)”中“effective communication”的阐述，即要进行有效的沟通，需要制定开放的政策和定期召开寝室会议，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 39．根据上文“Nothing is more important than keeping your shared spaces clean and organized. Take the time to clean up after yourself and respect each other’s standards of cleanliness. Keep shared areas like bathrooms and kitchens clean. (没有什么比保持你的共享空间整洁更重要的了。花点时间打扫自己的卫生，尊重对方的清洁标准。保持浴室和厨房等公共区域的清洁。)”详细介绍如何保持共享空间的整洁，G项“And have clear definitions as to where the boundaries are for your personal and shared space(对个人空间和共享空间的界限有明确的定义)”承接上文，进一步提出要明确共享空间和个人空间的界限。故选G项。 40．下文“pick up groceries(拿杂货)”和“help with chores(帮忙做家务)”是对C项“A supportive living environment is created by small things(一个支持性的生活环境是由小事创造的)”中“small things”的举例说明，小事可以营造相互支持的环境，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 Passage9.【2024•山东烟台•三模】 Holiday Stress The whole point of a holiday surely is to get away from everything, to give yourself some “time off” and to fight the mental tiredness. 41 Despite a holiday being designed to help you fight stress, it can actually create many stressful issues that you might not have considered beforehand. 42 Meanwhile, you’ll be concerned about things going wrong and costing you a lot of money and then when you’re out there you might miss all the usual ease. Consequently, when your comforts and routines are taken away, you can end up feeling rather stressful. Travelling on the plane and even just getting to the airport can be much more stressful when you have to drag around lots of huge cases. 43 And pack light, even if it means you have to buy a towel when you get out there. Usually, you are stressed about some aspects of your holiday. 44 For example, if your hotel failed to have your reservation, you could easily stay somewhere else and then get your money back later. The great thing about holiday is that you get a period of time to deal with any stress you might be facing. When you arrive at your destination and find you are full of holiday stress, why not take a day out to just lie around on the beach and to listen to the waves. 45 Overall, with all those in mind, you can ensure your trip is more of a positive experience than a negative one. A．We will look at what causes holiday stress. B．Nonetheless, it can possible be a stressful thing. C．However, you know the great thing about being on holiday. D．It works to think of how you would manage in that situation. E．This contributes to fighting any stress you might be experiencing. F．It’s a good idea to minimize the amount of luggage you’re carrying. G．You might spend the week packing luggage and worrying about almost everything. 【答案】41．B 42．G 43．F 44．D 45．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了假期可能带来的压力问题，分析了假期压力产生的原因，并给出了一些应对压力的建议。 41．根据空前内容“The whole point of a holiday surely is to get away from everything, to give yourself some ‘time off’ and to fight the mental tiredness.(假期的全部意义就是逃离一切，给自己一些“休息时间”，并消除精神疲劳)”可知，文章在探讨假期的意义。但接下来的第二段“Despite a holiday being designed to help you fight stress, it can actually create many stressful issues that you might not have considered beforehand.(尽管假期的目的是帮助你对抗压力，但它实际上会产生许多你可能事先没有考虑到的压力问题)”与首句产生了对比，说明假期也可能带来压力。B选项“Nonetheless, it can possible be a stressful thing.(尽管如此，它可能仍然是一件有压力的事情)”与上下文形成了很好的衔接，既承认了假期的正面意义，又指出了其可能带来的问题。故选B。 42．根据空前内容“Despite a holiday being designed to help you fight stress, it can actually create many stressful issues that you might not have considered beforehand.(尽管假期的目的是帮助你对抗压力，但它实际上会产生许多你可能事先没有考虑到的压力问题)”可知，假期会产生许多没有考虑的问题。选项G“You might spend the week packing luggage and worrying about almost everything.(你可能会花一周的时间收拾行李，担心几乎所有的事情)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是假期会产生很多问题，比如需要收拾行李，担心所有的事情。故选G。 43．根据空前内容“Travelling on the plane and even just getting to the airport can be much more stressful when you have to drag around lots of huge cases. (当你在飞机上甚至只是到机场时，不得不拖着许多巨大的行李箱会让旅行变得更加有压力)”可知，太多行李会让旅行有压力。选项F“It’s a good idea to minimize the amount of luggage you’re carrying.(尽量少带行李是个好主意)”是对空前内容的建议性回应，即减少携带的行李数量是一个好主意。故选F。 44．根据空前内容“Usually, you are stressed about some aspects of your holiday.(通常，你会对假期的某些方面感到压力)”可知，我们会对假期的某些方面感到有压力。选项D“It works to think of how you would manage in that situation.(想想在那种情况下你会如何处理)”是上文的自然延续，指的是当我们遇到问题时，我们可以想想解决方法。故选D。 45．根据上文内容“The great thing about holiday is that you get a period of time to deal with any stress you might be facing. When you arrive at your destination and find you are full of holiday stress, why not take a day out to just lie around on the beach and to listen to the waves.(假期的好处是你有一段时间来处理你可能面临的任何压力。当你到达目的地，发现自己充满了假期压力时，为什么不花一天时间躺在沙滩上，听听海浪的声音呢？)”可知，上文提到的是我们可以利用假期放松自己。选项E“This contributes to fighting any stress you might be experiencing.(这有助于对抗你可能正在经历的任何压力)”中的“this”指的是上文提到的“为什么不花一天时间躺在沙滩上，听听海浪的声音呢？”，指的是这样做可以帮助我们对抗压力。故选E。 Passage10.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 Short-form videos, also known as Shorts, have gained great popularity, particularly on platforms like TikTok and Instagram Reels. 46 However, there’s a growing concern that watching too many Shorts can affect children’s brains. The phenomenon known as “TikTok Brain” arises from the app’s short and addictive videos. Similar to candy, these videos generate rapid dopamine (多巴胺) releases, stimulating the brain’s pleasure center. A study was conducted to investigate the impact of Shorts on the teenage brains. 47 They stimulated the brain’s reward centers more intensely than random videos. Our brains process visual information faster than text, which explains why videos tend to outperform text-based content online. Due to their underdeveloped reading skills, children are more easily to become addicted to visual stimuli. Remarkably, social media platforms can do a lot harm to the development of reading habits among younger users. 48 According to Jessica Griffin, a professor of child psychology, Shorts affect the developing brains of children and teenagers. The prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) is responsible for attention, self-control, memory, and learning flexibility. 49 This delayed development makes young individuals more easily influenced by Shorts. In conclusion, the constant exposure to fast-paced and stimulating content in Shorts can impact children’s attention. To address this issue, parents can have open conversations with their children about the potential risks. 50 Furthermore, encouraging physical activities and outdoor experiences is also crucial to develop a balance d lifestyle. A．Some even do not include text at all. B．TikTok’s feed is created addictive by design. C．But it does not fully mature until around the age of 25. D．It is helpful to use screen time management tools for Shorts. E．Short-term memory and the ability to concentrate are affected. F．It revealed that these videos are personalized, selected and fed to users. G．They’re brief attention-grabbing videos that can be entertaining and addictive. 【答案】46．G 47．F 48．E 49．C 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了短视频对儿童和青少年大脑发展的影响。 46．根据下文“However, there’s a growing concern that watching too many Shorts can affect children’s brains.(然而，越来越多的人担心看太多短片会影响孩子的大脑)”中“However”可知，上下文有转折关系，下文讲短视频的问题：会影响孩子的大脑”，G项“They’re brief attention-grabbing videos that can be entertaining and addictive.(它们是简短的引人注目的视频，可以使人愉快和入迷)”讲短视频的魅力，与下文构成转折关系。故选G项。 47．上文“A study was conducted to investigate the impact of Shorts on the teenage brains.(一项研究调查了短视频对青少年大脑的影响)”提到一个关于短视频对青少年大脑的影响的研究，F项“It revealed that these videos are personalized, selected and fed to users.(它揭示这些视频是个性化的，经过挑选并提供给用户的)”承接上文，说明研究的结果，句中“It”指代上文“A study”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 48．上文“Remarkably, social media platforms can do a lot harm to the development of reading habits among younger users.(值得注意的是，社交媒体平台可能会对年轻用户阅读习惯的养成造成很大伤害)”指出社交媒体平台对阅读习惯的养成的影响，E项“Short-term memory and the ability to concentrate are affected.(短期记忆和集中注意力的能力都会受到影响)”承接上文，说明其具体影响：影响短期记忆和集中注意力的能力，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 49．下文“This delayed development makes young individuals more easily influenced by Shorts.(这种延迟发育使年轻人更容易受到short的影响)”中提到“This delayed development”，根据指代关系，上文会明确其指代的具体内容，C项“But it does not fully mature until around the age of 25.(但它要到25岁左右才能完全成熟)”和上文“The prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) is responsible for attention, self-control, memory, and learning flexibility.(前额叶皮层负责注意力、自我控制、记忆和学习灵活性)”告知，下文的“延迟发育”指的是“前额叶皮层的延迟发育”。故选C项。 50．上文“To address this issue, parents can have open conversations with their children about the potential risks.(为了解决这个问题，父母可以和他们的孩子就潜在的风险进行开诚布公的交流)”提出解决问题的一个办法：父母和孩子进行交流。D项“It is helpful to use screen time management tools for Shorts.(使用屏幕时间管理工具是很有帮助的)”给出另一个办法，建议使用屏幕时间管理工具。下文“Furthermore, encouraging physical activities and outdoor experiences is also crucial to develop a balance d lifestyle.(此外，鼓励体育活动和户外活动对于发展平衡的生活方式也至关重要)”提出第三个建议：鼓励体育活动和户外活动。所以，D项与上下文构成并列关系，就如果解决问题给出切实可行的建议。故选D项。 Passage11.【2024•山东济南•三模】 Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why. 51 Yoga can improve your posture and balance, strengthen bones and muscles and keep your back and joints healthy. 52 Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body. Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes. 53 After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste. Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise. 54 As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life. 55 However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches. A．Different poses offer different benefits. B．The detailed advantages are as follows. C．Actually, yoga is a way of life at its roots. D．This exercise is said to strengthen your body. E．Yoga seems unlikely to send you to the hospital. F．A lot of studies have been carried out about yoga. G．The aim of this pose is to settle your mind and body. 【答案】51．B 52．A 53．G 54．C 55．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑜伽的历史以及好处。 51．根据上文“Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why.(瑜伽已经存在了大约5000年，但今天比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。据估计，全世界有3亿人练瑜伽。专家表示，它的易用性和你可以在任何地方练习的事实是主要原因)”结合后文主要说明了瑜伽的好处。故B选项“详细的优点如下”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 52．根据后文“Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body.(下犬式可以帮助缓解背部疼痛，而平板支撑式可以锻炼强壮的核心和上半身)”可知，后文主要列举了瑜伽的不同姿势所带来的好处。故A选项“不同的姿势有不同的好处”符合语境，故选A。 53．根据上文“Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes.(通常，瑜伽课的最后一个姿势最好至少做五分钟)”以及后文“After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste.(在那之后，你和你的同学通常用问候来互相承认：Namaste)”可知，本句主要说明最后一个姿势做五分钟的原因。故G选项“这个体式的目的是让你的身心安定下来”符合语境，故选G。 54．根据上文“Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise.(许多人把瑜伽作为一种锻炼方式)”以及后文“As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life.(正如经典瑜伽文本《瑜伽经》中所记载的那样，瑜伽的哲学是基于思想、身体和精神是一体的理念。瑜伽练习不仅包括身体姿势，还包括道德准则、呼吸技巧和自我意识，有助于减少焦虑和提高注意力。这是一种健康和幸福的方法，旨在为生活的各个方面带来平衡与和谐)”可知，后文提到瑜伽为生活各个方面带来平衡和和谐，可知瑜伽可以作为一种生活方式。故C选项“实际上，瑜伽从根本上说是一种生活方式”符合语境，故选C。 55．根据后文“However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches.(然而，一项为期13年的美国研究发现，在2001年至2014年期间，近3万人因瑜伽相关损伤而前往急诊室。过度拉伸往往是最常见的问题，但严重的伤害——尽管很少——即使是高级教练也会发生)”可知，本句与后文构成转折，后文说明了瑜伽导致受伤，可知本句是在说明瑜伽不会导致受伤的情况。故E选项“瑜伽似乎不太可能把你送进医院”符合语境，故选E。 Passage12.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 What is self-appreciation and how is it different from gratitude? There’s no doubt that we obtain plentiful benefits from practicing gratitude. The word gratitude is from the Latin world gratin, which means grace, kindness, or gratefulness. 56 Studies have found that gratitude greatly minimize s negative feelings such as depression, negative social comparisons, regret, anger, and envy. 57 It is the recognition and valuing of one’s unique qualities, abilities, talents. and achievements, both big and small. It involves acknowledging your worth and taking pride in your positive qualities. In a word, self-appreciation is being grateful for our own selves and delighting in our goodness without inspiring feelings of pride or overconfidence. One of important elements of self-appreciation is sell-reflection, which includes examining our feelings, behaviors, and the motivations that may li e behind them. You can learn low to develop self-reflection by working with a doctor or by journaling. Journaling provides a devoted space to explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. 58 All too after, we’re more likely to comfort, support, and provide sympathy to our friends and our family than for ourselves when we’re struggling. 59 It is the act of treating oneself with kindness and understanding. particularly during difficult times and also includes recognizing, without judgment, our flaws and failures. 60 Dr. Kristin Neff, a pioneer in self-compassion research, identifies three key components, self-kindness. common humanity, and mindfulness. When you catch yourself giving yourself a hard time over this holiday season, stop, pause, and practice the skill of self-appreciation. A．How do you know if you are experiencing a sense of gratitude? B．However, self-compassion is the second component of self-appreciation. C．Self-evalution is an important aspect of recognizing your personal growth. D．Writing helps with clarifying our experience, whether it is negative or positive. E．The practice of self-appreciation takes the positive effects of gratitude one step further. F．Its ultimate aim is to develop a loving, supportive, and empathetic relationship with oneself. G．In practice, gratitude involves appreciating received blessings and acknowledging life goodness. 【答案】56．G 57．E 58．D 59．B 60．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了自我欣赏和感恩之间的区别，并对自我欣赏进行了详细的阐述，包括它的定义、重要元素以及它与自我同情的关系。通过比较和解释，文章旨在让读者了解自我欣赏的重要性，并鼓励读者实践这种积极的自我态度。 56．空前“The word gratitude is from the Latin world gratin, which means grace, kindness, or gratefulness.(感恩这个词来自拉丁语gratin，意思是优雅、善良或感激。)”阐述的 gratitude一词的来源以及表达的意思；下文“Studies have found that gratitude greatly minimize s negative feelings such as depression, negative social comparisons, regret, anger, and envy.(研究发现，感恩极大地减少了负面情绪，如抑郁、消极的社会比较、后悔、愤怒和嫉妒。)”阐述了感恩的作用与益处；选项G“In practice, gratitude involves appreciating received blessings and acknowledging life goodness.(在实践中，感恩包括欣赏得到的祝福和承认生活的美好。)”承接上文，阐述了现实中感恩所表达的含义，讲述的是感恩的相关信息，承接上下文，符合语境。故选G。 57．空处为段首句，应与本句内容相一致。根据下文内容“It is the recognition and valuing of one’s unique qualities, abilities, talents. and achievements, both big and small. It involves acknowledging your worth and taking pride in your positive qualities. In a word, self-appreciation is being grateful for our own selves and delighting in our goodness without inspiring feelings of pride or overconfidence.(它是对一个人独特的品质、能力、才能的认可和重视。还有大大小小的成就。它包括承认自己的价值，并为自己的积极品质感到自豪。总之，自我欣赏是感激我们自己，为我们的善良而高兴，而不是激发自豪感或过度自信。)”可知，本段讲述的是自我欣赏是感激我们自己。选项E“The practice of self-appreciation takes the positive effects of gratitude one step further.(自我欣赏的实践使感恩的积极作用更进一步。)”指的是自我欣赏使我们能够激发感恩的积极作用，与下文内容相符。故选E。 58．上文“Journaling provides a devoted space to explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences.(写日记为你提供了一个专门的空间来探索你的思想、情感和经历。)”建议读者通过写日记的方式来探索自我的思想、情感和经历。选项D“Writing helps with clarifying our experience, whether it is negative or positive.(写作有助于理清我们的经历，无论是消极的还是积极的。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是写日记能够帮助我们理清自己的经历，阐述写日记的益处，符合语境。故选D。 59．根据空前内容“All too after, we’re more likely to comfort, support, and provide sympathy to our friends and our family than for ourselves when we’re struggling.(毕竟，当我们挣扎的时候，我们更有可能安慰、支持和同情我们的朋友和家人，而不是自己。)”可知，我们在困难时更倾向于安慰、支持和同情他人而不是自己；而空后内容“It is the act of treating oneself with kindness and understanding. particularly during difficult times and also includes recognizing, without judgment, our flaws and failures.(这是一种善待和理解自己的行为。尤其是在困难时期，也包括不加评判地承认我们的缺点和失败。)”则引出对自己的同情和理解。选项B“However, self-compassion is the second component of self-appreciation.(然而，自我同情是自我欣赏的第二个组成部分。)”与上文构成转折关系，指出自我同情是自我欣赏的第二个组成部分，为后文解释自我同情做了铺垫。故选B。 60．根据上文“It is the act of treating oneself with kindness and understanding. particularly during difficult times and also includes recognizing, without judgment, our flaws and failures.(这是一种善待和理解自己的行为。尤其是在困难时期，也包括不加评判地承认我们的缺点和失败。)”可知，上文提到自我同情是善待自己和理解自己的行为，特别是在困难时期，也包括不带评判地认识自己的缺点和失败。而空后“Dr. Kristin Neff, a pioneer in self-compassion research, identifies three key components, self-kindness. common humanity, and mindfulness.( Kristin Neff博士是自我同情研究的先驱，他确定了三个关键组成部分：自我仁慈、共同人性和正念。)”则介绍Kristin Neff博士为自我同情研究的先驱，并列出了自我同情的三个关键组成部分。选项F“Its ultimate aim is to develop a loving, supportive, and empathetic relationship with oneself.(它的最终目的是与自己建立一种充满爱、支持和同情的关系。)” 与上文内容相衔接，并总结了自我同情的目的，自然引出下文内容。故选F。 Passage13.【2024•山东泰安•三模】 Tips for Planning a Nature Walk With Your Child When it comes to planning a nature walk, the key tip to keep in mind is to have fun with it! 61 If children are given the opportunity to experience nature, even in simple ways, interaction and engagement follow quite naturally.Let your children get dirty. If your little one is anxious to crawl (爬) in the dirt to get a better look at worms, then go for it! 62 Research suggests that kids who play the dirt are exposed to bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune (免疫) system and reduce the risks of certain allergies and illnesses later in life. 63 Encourage them to stop to turn over rocks, touch moss, and when they can, climb on and over rocks and fallen trees. Whatever the environment, which you assess for any unreasonable danger, the children can set the pace — stimulating confidence, flexibility, problem-solving, creativity, and a sense of wonder.Get creative. 64 Davis suggests pretending play, such as using a stick as a s word or magic wand, or making up stories about the items found during your walk. Your findings also work great for an art project. “Collecting rocks while on your nature walk can later he painted and re-purposed as beautiful works of art,” says Davis.Let older children be more adventurous. For the older kids, it’s all shout making a deeper connect ion with the world around them. With older kids, you can encourage them to connect with nature on a deeper level by exploring their senses. 65 . A．Assess environment. B．Have your children lead the way. C．Nature is perfect for a child’s creativity. D．Nature walks don’t have to be complicated. E．Dirt might get a bad reputation, but it shouldn’t. F．Try having them walk barefoot on different surfaces. G．Give them the freedom to play in their own ways. 【答案】61．D 62．E 63．B 64．C 65．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了计划与孩子一起在大自然散步的几点建议。 61．后文“If children are given the opportunity to experience nature, even in simple ways, interaction and engagement follow quite naturally.(如果孩子们有机会体验大自然，即使是简单的方式，互动和参与也会自然而然地随之而来)”谈到，如果给予孩子探索自然的机会，即便是简单的方式，孩子也会自然地互动和参与起来，据此可以推断出此处应该谈到大自然散步是一件并不复杂的事情，D项“自然漫步并不一定要很复杂”符合语境，故选D。 62．根据前文“If your little one is anxious to crawl (爬) in the dirt to get a better look at worms, then go for it!(如果你的孩子急于在泥土里爬，以便更好地观察蠕虫，那就去做吧)”和后文“Research suggests that kids who play the dirt are exposed to bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune (免疫) system and reduce the risks of certain allergies and illnesses later in life.(研究表明，玩泥巴的孩子会接触到细菌、病菌和病毒，这些细菌和病毒可以帮助他们建立免疫系统，降低日后患某些过敏和疾病的风险)”可知，此处与dirt有关，结合后文谈到的好处可以推断出于dirt的优缺点有关，E项“肮脏可能会有坏名声，但它不应该”符合语境，故选E。 63．根据本段内容“Encourage them to stop to turn over rocks, touch moss, and when they can, climb on and over rocks and fallen trees. Whatever the environment, which you assess for any unreasonable danger, the children can set the pace — stimulating confidence, flexibility, problem-solving, creativity, and a sense of wonder.(鼓励他们停下来翻石头，摸苔藓，如果可以的话，爬上石头和倒下的树。无论环境如何，你评估任何不合理的危险，孩子们都可以设定节奏——激发信心，灵活性，解决问题的能力，创造力和惊奇感)”可知，本段谈到鼓励孩子们多去跟大自然接触，去体验不同的环境，家长在确保环境安全的前提下，让孩子确定与大自然接触的节奏，B项“让孩子们带路”符合本段主旨，故选B。 64．根据本段小标题“Get creative.(变得有创造力)”可知，本段于创造力有关，结合本段末句“Collecting rocks while on your nature walk can later he painted and re-purposed as beautiful works of art(在大自然中散步时收集的岩石可以在以后被他绘画并重新利用为美丽的艺术品)”可知，C项“大自然对激发孩子的创造力再合适不过了”符合本段主题，故选C。 65．结合本段小标题“Let older children be more adventurous.(让大一点的孩子更有冒险精神)”可知，本段主题是“让大一点的孩子更有冒险精神”，前文“With older kids, you can encourage them to connect with nature on a deeper level by exploring their senses.(对于大一点的孩子，你可以通过探索他们的感官来鼓励他们与自然建立更深层次的联系)”提到通过探索感官来鼓励孩子接触大自然，F项“试着让他们赤脚在不同的地面上行走”是具体的方法，故选F。 Passage14.【2024•山东聊城•二模】 Time is a valuable resource, especially for those who need to deal with academic demands, personal growth, and social activities at the same time. Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity, but reduces stress. 66 . Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management. Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth. 67 They’ll also distribute time accordingly. Whether it’s studying for exams or pursuing personal interests, having well-defined goals provides a sense of direction. Meanwhile, importance levels of tasks can vary. By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones, young adults can perfect their time management. 68 It makes efficient use of their time. Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities, including study time, exercise,socializing, can lead to better time use. Furthermore, learning to say no is a valuable skill for youth. With numerous opportunities and interests, it’s easy to become overwhelmed. By being selective about commitments, young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks. 69 . In the pursuit of personal success, young adults often find themselves caught up in a series of responsibilities and commitments. However, it’s essential for them to recognize that life shouldn’t be like this. Self-care plays a vital role in time management. 70 By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance, young adults can recharge their energy levels, improve focus, and increase productivity. That way, they perfect time usage and pave the way for success. A．That actually prevents over-commitment. B．One should constantly review how time is spent. C．It creates opportunities for personal development as well. D．Developing a daily schedule helps young adults stay organized. E．Putting things off constantly is a common time management project. F．By knowing what they want to accomplish, they can prioritize their tasks. G．Youth should value adequate rest and activities that promote their well-being. 【答案】66．C 67．F 68．D 69．A 70．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助年轻人提高效率，减轻压力的时间管理策略。 66．根据上文“Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity, but reduces stress. (有效的时间管理不仅能提高工作效率，还能减轻压力)”可知，通过介绍时间管理的好处，引出下文介绍时间管理的策略，因此空处应该承接上文，进一步阐述时间管理的好处，C选项“它也为个人发展创造了机会。”符合语境。故选C项。 67．根据上文“Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth. (制定明确和可实现的短期和长期目标对青年至关重要)”可知，设定可实现的短期和长期目标是重要的，且本段末“By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones, young adults can perfect their time management. (通过专注于关键任务，减少在不重要的事情上花费的时间，年轻人可以完善他们的时间管理)”表明要聚焦重要的任务，因此空处应对上文“设定目标”做进一步阐述，F选项“通过知道他们想要完成什么，他们可以优先考虑他们的任务。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。 68．根据下文“It makes efficient use of their time. Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities, including study time, exercise, socializing, can lead to better time use. (它有效地利用了他们的时间。无论是使用计划器还是日历应用程序，为不同的活动安排特定的时间块，包括学习时间、锻炼时间、社交时间，都能让你更好地利用时间)”可知，本段主张制定每日计划可以帮助年轻人做事有条理，D选项“制定一个日常时间表有助于年轻人保持有序。”引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。 69．根据上文“By being selective about commitments, young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks. (通过对承诺有选择性，年轻人可以明智地安排他们的时间和精力。把不重要的事情说不可以腾出时间去做重要的事情)”可知，拒绝不必要的事情可以空出时间去做重要的事，避免在不重要的事情上过度投入。A选项“这实际上可以防止过度承诺。”承接上文，符合题意，故选A项。 70．根据上文“Self-care plays a vital role in time management. (自我照顾在时间管理中起着至关重要的作用)”及下文“By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance, young adults can recharge their energy levels, improve focus, and increase productivity. (通过确保他们保持健康的工作与生活平衡，年轻人可以补充他们的能量水平，提高注意力，提高效率)”可知，本段主张自我照顾是时间管理中的重要一环，空处应承上启下，强调年轻人应该保证充足的休息，提升健康水平、维持工作与生活的平衡。G选项“青年应该重视适当的休息和促进他们健康的活动。”符合语境。故选G项。 Passage15.【2024•山东潍坊•一模】 It’s not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technology is already old-hat. The new, better way to pay for things in shops? By using your phone to make a contactless payment. Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details. 71 And this could be a problem — it means that if the shop is hacked (侵入) or plays fast and loose with its data, you could find your card number exposed to the world. However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money. 72 That is to say, phone payments are smarter. 73 If a pickpocket steals your card they can immediately use up the money. But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check-it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are. 74 Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around £ 100 for most retailers-though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone. Want to give it a try? To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions. 75 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank. Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it. And then, well, you’re done. When you pay, hold your phone over the payment machine, and pay for your goods! A．It helps to build the client list. B．The setup process varies with banks. C．No one needs to share any sensitive data. D．It’s also more effective against the threat of thefts. E．And phone payments are increasingly convenient too. F．Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone. G．Therefore, it knows which bank account to take the money from. 【答案】71．G 72．C 73．D 74．E 75．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了非接触式手机支付的好处以及设置方式。 71．上文“Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details.(因为传统上，当你用刷卡或刷卡机付款时，最终你购买的商店会记下你所有的信用卡细节)”描述原因，空处应是接着说结果，G项“因此，它知道从哪个银行账户取钱”符合语境，故选G。 72．根据上文“However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money.(然而，当你用你的设备点击支付时，它会为这笔交易生成一个唯一的ID号并发送。所以你可以支付你的商品，商店可以得到你的钱)”可知，支付时形成的ID一次性的也是是唯一的，因此个人信息不会或数据不会被分享出去。C项“没有人需要分享任何敏感数据”符合语境，故选C。 73．根据本段内容“But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check — it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are.(但如果他们拿到了你的手机，当手机开始支付时，它通常会进行生物识别检查——它会要求你提供指纹或使用摄像头查看你的脸，以检查你是否就是你所说的那个人)”可知，本段是说手机支付能防止盗刷钱财，D项“它还能更有效地抵御盗窃威胁”符合语境，故选D。 74．根据空后“Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around £ 100 for most retailers — though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone. (由于这种增加的安全性，限额通常高于非接触式卡。在英国，对大多数零售商来说，这大约是100英镑——尽管一些商店，包括大多数超市，你只需点击一下手机就可以花更多的钱)”可知，本段是说手机支付的便捷，E项“手机支付也越来越方便”符合语境，故选E。 75．根据上文“To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions.(要真正设置，请进入钱包应用程序并按照说明进行设置)”及下文“Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank.(然后，它会自动识别这些号码，并与你的银行联系)”可知，空处是描述设置手机支付的第一步，F项“这通常是从用手机扫描信用卡开始的”符合语境，故选F。 Passage16.【2024•山东枣庄•二模】 It’s been estimated that people touch their cell phones hundreds of times every day. That means plenty of opportunities for germs to move from our fingers to our phones. 76 But a recent study found more than 17,000 bacterial gene copies on the phones of high school students. One of the worst places to use cell phones is in the bathroom. 77 Studies  have  found that our mobile phones are much dirtier than toilet seats. Just as an expert puts it, taking a phone into the bathroom and then leaving with it is kind of like going in, not washing your hands and then coming back out. While many of us wash our hands regularly after going to the bathroom, we seldom consider washing our hands after touching our phones. 78 You can use alcohol-based wipes or sprays to clean your phone regularly. They need to contain at least 70% alcohol to disinfect phone casings and touch screens. 79 Remember to sanitize (消毒) your phone charger occasionally when you are cleaning your phone. And wash your hands thoroughly after you’ve finished cleaning. 80 Get in the habit of putting your phone away when it’s not in use, then cleaning your hands. When not at home, keep your phone in your pocket or bag. Use a disposable paper list of to-do items, rather than constantly consulting your phone. Do not share your phone with others if you have not first sanitized it. If children are allowed to play with your phone, sanitize it as soon as possible afterward. A．Do it every day if possible. B．How you handle your phone will also be critical. C．So it’s clear that you keep away from your phone.9125 D．When toilets flush, they spread germs everywhere. E．The more germs they collect, the more germs you touch. F．Research has varied on how many germs are on an average phone. G．Fortunately, there are easy ways to avoid your phone collecting germs. 【答案】76．F 77．D 78．G 79．A 80．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。据估计，人们每天触摸手机数百次。这意味着细菌有很多机会从我们的手指转移到我们的手机上。文章介绍了一些让手机保持清洁的方法。 76．根据后文“But a recent study found more than 17,000 bacterial gene copies on the phones of high school students. (但最近的一项研究发现，高中生的手机上有超过1.7万个细菌基因拷贝。)”可知，本句主要引出后文关于手机上有多少细菌的话题，故F选项“关于平均一部手机上有多少细菌的研究各不相同。”符合语境，故选F。 77．根据上文“One of the worst places to use cell phones is in the bathroom. (卫生间是最不适合使用手机的地方之一。)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明为什么卫生间是最不适合使用手机的地方之一。故D选项“厕所冲水时，细菌四处传播。”符合语境，故选D。 78．根据上文“While many of us wash our hands regularly after going to the bathroom, we seldom consider washing our hands after touching our phones. (虽然我们中的许多人经常在上完厕所后洗手，但我们很少考虑在接触手机后洗手。)”以及下一段“You can use alcohol-based wipes or sprays to clean your phone regularly. (你可以定期使用含酒精的湿巾或喷雾剂清洁手机。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出可以避免手机上的细菌。故G选项“幸运的是，有一些简单的方法可以避免手机上的细菌。”符合语境，故选G。 79．根据上文“You can use alcohol-based wipes or sprays to clean your phone regularly. They need to contain at least 70% alcohol to disinfect phone casings and touch screens. (你可以定期使用含酒精的湿巾或喷雾剂清洁手机。它们需要含有至少70%的酒精来消毒手机壳和触摸屏。)”可知，上文提到了用酒精给手机消毒，故本句承接上文，说明消毒的频率。故A选项“如果可能的话，每天都做。”符合语境，故选A。 80．根据后文“Get in the habit of putting your phone away when it’s not in use, then cleaning your hands. When not at home, keep your phone in your pocket or bag. Use a disposable paper list of to-do items, rather than constantly consulting your phone. (养成不使用手机时把它收起来的习惯，然后洗手。不在家的时候，把手机放在口袋或包里。使用一张一次性的待办事项清单，而不是不断地查看你的手机。)”可知，本段主要关于如何使用手机来避免细菌。故B选项“如何使用手机也很关键。”符合语境，故选B。 ( 31 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$