精品解析：辽宁省阜新市实验中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

2023-2024学年度 (下) 期末教学质量检测 八 年 级 英 语 试 卷 2024.7 (本试卷共45 道题 满分 90分)考试时间90分钟) 考生注意:所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答,在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题(共50分) 一、阅读理解 (共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Some Fun and Interesting Facts ◆Do you think what color oranges are? The common answer to this question is “Orange”. However, the first oranges from Southeast Asia were actually green. Up to now, oranges in warmer areas like Vietnam and Thailand still stay green when they are fully grown. ◆There was a man named John Chapman who planted thousands of apple trees. But the apples on those trees were much more bitter (苦的) than the ones you’d find in the supermarket today. John didn’t expect his apples to be eaten whole, but rather made into hard apple cider (苹果酒). ◆Like most four-legged animals, cats have five toes on the front paws (脚爪), but their back paws only have four toes. Scientists think the four-toe back paws might help them run faster. Do you know any other fun facts about cats? ◆Walt Disney might have been the first to put gloves on his characters, as the star Mickey Mouse in 1929’s The Opry House (《奥普里之屋》). Besides being easier to interest, there’s another reason why Disney did so: “We didn’t want him to have mouse hands because he was supposed to be more human.” Disney once said. 1. What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A. Warmer areas B. Oranges in warmer areas C. The first oranges D. People from Vietnam and Thailand 2. John expected his apples to be ________. A. known by more people B. sold in the supermarket C. eaten only by himself D. made into hard apple cider 3. Disney put gloves on Mickey Mouse in order to ________. A. make him look more human B. protect his hands C. help him to run faster D. make him fee1 more comfortable 4. Which is NOT a fact according to the information above? A. The first oranges weren’t oranges. B. John’s Apples weren’t sweet enough C. Walt Disney put gloves on his characters to interest people. D. Cats have fewer toes on their front paws than the ones on their back paws. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了关于橙子、苹果、猫以及迪士尼给米老鼠戴手套的一些有趣且鲜为人知的事实。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Up to now, oranges in warmer areas like Vietnam and Thailand still stay green when they are fully grown.”可知，到目前为止，越南和泰国等温暖地区的橙子在完全生长后仍然保持绿色，所以they指代的是“oranges in warmer areas”，故选 B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“John didn’t expect his apples to be eaten whole, but rather made into hard apple cider”可知，约翰期望他的苹果被制成苹果酒，故选 D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“We didn’t want him to have mouse hands because he was supposed to be more human.”可知，迪士尼给米老鼠戴手套是为了让他更像人类，故选 A。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Like most four-legged animals, cats have five toes on the front paws(脚爪), but their back paws only have four toes. Scientists think the four-toe back paws might help them run faster.”，可知像大多数四条腿的动物一样，猫的前爪上有五个脚趾，但是它们的后爪只有四个脚趾。所以D选项错误。故选D。 B In 1987, a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After more than 30 years of development, the company has now beaten Apple and become the world’s second-largest maker of smartphones behind Korea’s Samsung. It has also become the world’s largest supplier (供应商) of 5G. But recently, Huawei faced some difficulties. The U.S. government ordered a ban (禁令) on its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government. At the same time, the U.S. government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei, which was believed that Huawei’s business would be hurt. “We have never received such a request from the Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other systems to collect information.” Ren Zhengfei, Huawei’s founder (创办者) and president said. “This ban from the U.S. would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems.” Ren added. In an interview several years ago, Ren Zhengfei said, “I started Huawei with only £4,000 at the beginning, but now it has become a $100 billion company. The experience was not as romantic (浪漫的) as you imagine.” Facing the ban of the U.S., Huawei is growing. Huawei’s smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far, Huawei has grown into the world’s largest telecommunication equipment (电信设备) supplier, selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future. 5. Which company is the largest supplier of 5G in the world? A. Apple. B. Samsung. C. Huawei. D. Nokia. 6. Why did the U.S. order a ban on Huawei? A. Huawei’s sales in America were growing faster than Apple. B. Huawei refused to supply services to the U.S. government. C. They didn’t want Apple to sell parts and services to Huawei. D. They thought Huawei collected information for the Chinese government. 7. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means ________. A. Huawei’s developing experience was hard B. it is romantic to start a company with $4,000 C. the romantic experience was a large amount of wealth D. people can understand Huawei's developing experience easily 8. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Huawei will grow slowly. B. Huawei is full of hope. C. Huawei’s sales will be doubled. D. Huawei is the largest smartphone maker. 【答案】5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了华为公司的成长历程和目前面对的困难。该公司现已经成长为世界上最大的电信设备供应商，它可能在不久的将来击败三星成为最大的智能手机制造商。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1987, a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. ... It has also become the world’s largest supplier of 5G.”可知，华为目前是世界上最大的5G供应商。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government.”可知，美国政府给华为颁布禁令，是因为他们认为华为会为中国政府采集信息。故选D。 【7题详解】 句意猜测题。根据“The experience was not as romantic as you imagine.”可知，华为的成长过程并不像人们想象中的浪漫，故可知华为的发展历程是非常艰辛的。故选A。 【8题详解】 段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，在美制裁后，华为并没有受到很大的影响，相反在一定程度上还取得了更好的销售成绩，且华为的电信设备供应已经遍及了世界上很多个国家和地区，所以华为未来的前景是非常可观的。由此可以推知华为的未来是充满希望的。故选B。 C Do you want to be a newsreader or a presenter? By reading this you’ll know how to take the first step to be one! Making a radio programme is fun. The most important thing you need to do is to decide what kind of programme you are going to offer. Have you always wanted to be a DJ just to play music? If so, what kind of music? And will others want to listen to the music you want to play? Maybe it’s not music but information that you want to offer. You may want to do a talk show about a special subject. If so, great! Choosing something you’re interested in will make it a great experience for you. If you’re good at a subject, you’ll be known as a great presenter. Or, maybe you would like to make a programme like an interview with others. Programmes like this are easy to listen to and always interesting to make because you’ll never know what a guest is going to say and maybe your subject will change. 9. The writer thinks it’s ________ to make a radio programme. A. boring B. hard C. fun D. difficult 10. The most important thing you need to do is to decide ________. A. when to offer B. what to offer C. how to offer D. where to offer 11. What does the writer think of a programme like an interview with others? A. Easy to listen to and interesting to make. B. Hard to listen to but interesting to make. C. Easy to listen to but boring to make. D. Hard to listen to and impossible to make. 12. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The important thing of making a TV programme. B. How to practise your listening skills. C. The ways of listening to radio programmes. D. How to make your own radio programme. 【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了制作广播节目时，如何决定节目类型，如音乐、信息、访谈等，并阐述了每种类型节目的特点及制作要点。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Making a radio programme is fun.”可知，作者认为制作广播节目很有趣。故选 C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“The most important thing you need to do is to decide what kind of programme you are going to offer.”可知，关键在于决定节目内容，故选 B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Programmes like this are easy to listen to and always interesting to make because you'll never know what a guest is going to say and maybe your subject will change.”可知，像访谈这样的节目易于收听且制作有趣，故选 A。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章围绕如何制作广播节目展开，讲述了节目类型、要点等，故选 D。 D What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns(阿尔卑斯长号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy, too. So, alphorns are hard work to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen(牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they’re mostly used as musical instruments. The people of La Gomera, an island in Europe, have their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled(口哨的) language called el silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting. El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be, but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it. Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal(信号) tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy’s arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours. 13. What are alphorns mostly used for today? A. Communicating in the mountains B. Calling cows for milking. C. Sending messages down to villages. D. Playing a kind of music. 14. Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate? A. Because it can send messages to animals. B. Because it is different from their language. C. Because it can be heard at a great distance. D. Because it is a subject for young students. 15. How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers? A. By listening. B. By whistling. C. By shouting. D. By watching. 16. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. D 16. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了古人是如何交流的。 【13题详解】 细节理解题根据“These days, they’re mostly used as musical instruments.”可知，如今，它们大多被用作乐器；故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting.”可知，它可以在比叫喊更远的距离上使用；故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning.”可知，通过观察烟雾信号来得知危险警告；故选D。 【16题详解】 篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，第一段引出下文；第二段介绍通过阿尔卑斯号角来交流；第三段介绍一种叫el silbo的口哨语；第四段介绍通过观看来传递信息；因此篇章结构是选项A；故选A。 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项为多余选项。 No one wakes up feeling happy every day. Very happy people are not different. They never stop trying to be happy. Here are some of the habits of happy people. ◆They slow down. Sometimes we think too much. ____17____ Happy people know how to enjoy the taste of their meal, enjoy the world’s colors, even just step outside to enjoy fresh air. ◆____18____ Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can make you happy. Happy people exercise regularly and follow through on it because they know it will help them get in good mood (情绪) and stay in good mood. ◆They spend money on other people. Research shows that spending money on others makes you much happier than spending it on yourself. This is especially true of small things that show effort, such as going out of your way to buy your friend a book that you know he or she will like. ◆They get enough sleep. ____19____ Your energy, attention and memory all go down when you don’t sleep well. Happy people make sleep a first thing of all. ◆They have deep conversations. Happy people know that happiness and depth go hand-in-hand. They avoid saying mean (刻薄的) things about people. ____20____ They talk with others on a deeper level, because they know doing it feels good and is an interesting way to learn. A. They exercise. B. Happiness makes you creative. C. We don’t have time to look around. D. Instead, they focus on meaningful relationships. E. When you sleep, your brain restarts and cleans itself. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了快乐人保持快乐的一些习惯。 【17题详解】 根据“Sometimes we think too much.”可知，接下来描述想太多的结果，选项C“我们没有时间四处看看。”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can make you happy. Happy people exercise regularly...”可知，本段内容说明快乐的人会定期锻炼，选项A“他们锻炼。”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“They get enough sleep.”可知，此处描述内容和睡眠有关，选项E“当你睡觉时，你的大脑会重新启动并自我清理。”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据“They avoid saying mean (刻薄的) things about people.”可知，快乐的人避免说关于人的刻薄的话，此处说明快乐的人怎么做，选项D“相反，他们专注于有意义的关系。”符合语境，故选D。 二、完形填空 (共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good to the ___21___ development of the big cities. A ___22___ by a company found that shared bikes started the nation’s ___23___ for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people are ___24___ bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities. An engineer of that company says that since the ___25___ of shared bikes, people have made fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among ___26___ people, who were born in the 1980s and 1990s, but also among people over sixty. At weekends, the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the ___27___ of all cities. On weekdays, the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is ___28___ in Shanghai. It is said that bike-sharing will help ___29___ the cities’ environment. It not only helps solve the traffic problems, but also will help to make more use of ___30___ in cities. Take Beijing as an example if more people choose shared bikes, an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums (体育场)will be saved. 21. A. slow B. healthy C. harmful D. sudden 22. A. rule B. plan C. report D. suggestion 23. A. search B. worry C. preparation D. love 24. A. choosing B. pushing C. repairing D. locking 25. A. end B. start C. control D. fall 26. A. strong B. weak C. old D. young 27. A. top B. side C. corner D. line 28. A. coming over B. putting off C. going up D. giving away 29 A. discover B. separate C. experience D. improve 30. A. air B. time C. space D. money 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了新兴事物———共享单车。共享单车的出现有助于城市健康发展，在大城市越来越多的人喜欢上共享单车。 【21题详解】 B考查形容词及语境的理解。A. slow慢的；B. healthy 健康的；C. harmful有害的；D. sudden突然。共享单车对于城市里的短途旅行是一种新的选择。它对大城市的健康发展是有好处的。结合句意，故选B。 【22题详解】 C考查名词及语境的理解。A. rule规则；B. plan计划；C. report 报告；D. suggestion建议。一家公司的一份报告发现共享单车开始了全国对自行车的喜爱。结合句意，故选C。 【23题详解】 D考查名词及语境的理解。A. search 搜查，探究；B. worry 担心； C. preparation 准备；D. love爱。根据下文可知共享单车开始了全国对自行车的爱。故选D。 【24题详解】 A考查动词及语境的理解。A. choosing选择；B. pushing 推；C. repairing修理；D. locking锁。越来越多的中国人正在选择自行车而不是汽车在城市进行短途旅行。结合句意，故选A。 【25题详解】 B考查动词及语境的理解。A. end结束； B. start 开始；C. control 控制； D. fall落下。那家公司的工程师说，自从共享单车开始，人们更少开车进行旅行了。结合句意及上文，故选B。 【26题详解】 D考查形容词及语境的理解。A. strong强壮的；B. weak 虚弱的； C. old老的，旧的；D. young年轻的。对共享单车的喜爱不仅仅是在八九十年代出生的年轻人中，也出现在六十多岁的老人中。根据下文but also among people over sixty.故选D。 【27题详解】 A考查名词及语境的理解。A. top 顶部； B. side 边；C. corner 角落； D. line线；周末在深圳骑自行车的人数达到了所有城市之首。根据比较级范围，可知处于首位，故选A。 【28题详解】 C考查动词及语境的理解。 A. coming over 过来；B. putting off推迟；C. going up上升；D. giving away捐献。工作日，在上海使用共享单车上班的人数在上升。根据句意，故选C。 【29题详解】 D考查动词及语境的理解。A. discover发现；B. separate 使分离；C. experience 经历；D. improve改进。据说，共享单车将会帮助改善城市的环境。结合句意，故选D。 【30题详解】 C考查名词及语境的理解。A. air 空气； B. time时间； C. space 太空，空间；D. money钱。它不仅能帮助解决交通问题而且也能帮助更好地利用城市空间。根据后文的例子，可知是更好利用城市空间，故选C。 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空(共10小题,每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Most plants will die if they don’t have enough water. But one plant, ____31____ (call) the resurrection (复活) plant seems to come back to life ____32____ they die. This plant can still be there after a long time of terrible drought (久旱) because it travels to look for water. Many people say that one difference between plants ____33____ animals is that animals move from place to place ____34____ (find) food and water, while plants cannot. But in the desert (沙漠) areas of American West, the resurrection plant can move around to get what it needs. When there ____35____ (be) lots of rain, the resurrection plant grows like any other plant. It sends roots (根) down into ____36____ ground and has green leaves. But when there is little water. the resurrection plant pulls its roots back up and ____37____ (dry) up. It turns to a brown ball of seemingly dead roots and leaves. This brown ball goes through the desert with the help of the wind. As soon as it touches water, the resurrection plant begins to act like a normal (正常的) plant again. Its ____38____ (leaf) turn green once more as it starts to grow. It is resurrected or brought back to life again in a new place. ____39____ this plant can live a long time with no water, it ____40____ (become) a popular house plant until now. For anyone who always forgets to water his or her plants, the resurrection plant can be a fantastic gift 【答案】31. called 32. after 33. and 34. to find 35. is 36. the 37. dries 38. leaves 39. Because 40. has become 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了复活植物是如何生存的。 【31题详解】 句意：但有一种植物，叫做复活植物，似乎在它们死后又复活了。根据句子可知，这种植物被称为复活植物，所以这里需要用call的过去分词作定语。故填called。 【32题详解】 句意：但有一种植物，叫做复活植物，似乎在它们死后又复活了。根据“resurrection (复活) plant”可知，复活植物是在死了之后复活，所以after符合语境。故填after。 【33题详解】 句意：许多人说植物和动物之间的一个区别是动物从一个地方移动到另一个地方去寻找食物和水，而植物却不能。between...and...“在……之间”，是固定表达。故填and。 【34题详解】 句意：许多人说植物和动物之间的一个区别是动物从一个地方移动到另一个地方去寻找食物和水，而植物却不能。动物的迁移是为了寻找食物和水，应用动词不定式to find表示目的。故填to find。 【35题详解】 句意：当雨水充足时，复活植物像其他植物一样生长。根据“grows”可知，句子是一般现在时。主语rain“雨水”是不可数名词，be用is。故填is。 【36题详解】 句意：它的根深入地下，长出绿色的叶子。根据“It sends roots (根) down into...ground”可知，空处是表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。 37题详解】 句意：复活的植物把它的根拔了出来，然后就干了。根据“pulls”和“and”可知，and前后的动词形式需要一致，这里需要用单三形式。故填dries。 【38题详解】 句意：当它开始生长时，它的叶子又变绿了。leaf指的是“叶子”，植物的叶子不止一片，应用复数。故填leaves。 【39题详解】 句意：因为这种植物可以在没有水的情况下存活很长时间，所以直到现在它还是一种很受欢迎的室内植物。根据“this plant can live a long time with no water”可知，这句话是后句的原因，应用because“因为”。故填Because。 【40题详解】 句意：因为这种植物可以在没有水情况下存活很长时间，所以直到现在它还是一种很受欢迎的室内植物。根据时间状语“until now”可知，句子是现在完成时，结构是have/has+过去分词。主语是it，助动词用has。故填has become。 四、阅读与表达 (共4小题, 41~43小题, 每小题2分, 44小题4分; 满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。请在答题卡上把你的答案写在相对应的题号后的指定区域内。 Osmanthus (桂花) is one of the most beloved autumn flowers. It is widely planted in China, with a very long planting history of more than 2,500 years. This famous plant even appeared in The Classic of Mountains and Seas (《山海经》). And the city of Hangzhou. Suzhou, and Guilin see the flower as their city flower, The name “osmanthus” comes from the Greek (希腊语) word osma, meaning “sweet” and anthos, meaning “flower”. Since the ancient times, osmanthus has been a symbol of good things, like peace, love and happiness. Legend (传说) has it that there is an osmanthus tree on the moon. A man named Wu Gang is ordered to cut it down. However, the tree can grow. Wu has to keep on cutting it again and again on the moon. Osmanthus flowers between September and October, and it is when the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated. So osmanthus has become the best flower for people to enjoy with a full moon. It has been loved by many poets, including Li Qingzhao and Yang Wanli from the Song Dynasty. Yang wrote that the sweetness of osmanthus is so clean and rich that it’s hard to believe it comes from nature and not the moon in heaven. The Chinese people’s love for osmanthus has become a part of their food culture. Osmanthus wine and tea are popular traditional Chinese drinks. For those who have a sweet tooth, there are many different kinds of food made with osmanthus flowers. The flower of osmanthus can also be collected to make honey and jam. 41. How long have Chinese people planted osmanthus? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Why is osmanthus considered the best flower to enjoy with a full moon? ________________________________________________________________ 43. What drinks can osmanthus flowers be made into? ________________________________________________________________ 44. What flower do you like best? Why? Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Chinese people have planted osmanthus for more than 2,500 years. 42. Because osmanthus flowers between September and October, and it is when the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated. 43. Osmanthus flowers can be made into osmanthus wine and tea. 44. I like roses best. Because they are beautiful and have a wonderful fragrance. They also symbolize love and romance. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍桂花的一些信息。 【41题详解】 根据“It is widely planted in China, with a very long planting history of more than 2,500 years.”可知，中国人种植桂花有超过2500年历史了，故填Chinese people have planted osmanthus for more than 2,500 years. 【42题详解】 根据“Osmanthus flowers between September and October, and it is when the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated.”可知，桂花的花期在九月至十月，恰逢中秋节，因此桂花成为人们赏月的最佳花朵。故填Because osmanthus flowers between September and October, and it is when the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated. 【43题详解】 根据“The Chinese people’s love for osmanthus has become a part of their food culture. Osmanthus wine and tea are popular traditional Chinese drinks.”可知，桂花可以制作桂花酒和花茶。故填Osmanthus flowers can be made into osmanthus wine and tea. 【44题详解】 开放试题，言之有理即可，需要写清楚喜欢的花朵和原因，注意字数要求。可以写玫瑰、百合等常见花卉，本题以玫瑰为例，故填I like roses best. Because they are beautiful and have a wonderful fragrance. They also symbolize love and romance. 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 良好的习惯对于青少年的成长与成功发挥着重大的作用。学校论坛正在就此话题在同学中展开调查。请你写一篇英语短文，向该论坛投稿，描述你的一或两种个人习惯，并谈谈它(们)给你的成长与成功带来怎样的影响。 写作要求： 1. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 2. 语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； 3. 词数在80—100左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 I have two good habits that have had a great impact on my growth and success. One of my habits is reading. I read various kinds of books every day. This habit enriches my knowledge and broadens my horizons. It helps me do well in my studies and also makes me more creative. Another habit is exercising regularly. I play basketball or go running several times a week. This keeps me healthy and energetic, allowing me to focus better on my daily tasks and deal with challenges more easily. In conclusion, good habits are the key to success and a better future. 【解析】 【详解】［总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点需要清晰，描述个人习惯及影响，不要遗漏关键内容，适当展开并突出重点。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步，开篇点题，直接表明拥有两种良好习惯； 第二步，分别阐述阅读和锻炼这两种习惯，并说明其对自身的积极影响； 第三步，结尾总结，强调良好习惯对成功和未来的重要性。 ［亮点词汇］ ①deal with处理 ②have a great impact on对……有巨大影响 ③allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 ④In conclusion总之 ［高分句型］ ①I have two good habits that have had a great impact on my growth and success.（定语从句） ②This keeps me healthy and energetic, allowing me to focus better on my daily tasks and deal with challenges more easily.（现在分词作伴随状语）     第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度 (下) 期末教学质量检测 八 年 级 英 语 试 卷 2024.7 (本试卷共45 道题 满分 90分)考试时间90分钟) 考生注意:所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答,在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题(共50分) 一、阅读理解 (共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分) 第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Some Fun and Interesting Facts ◆Do you think what color oranges are? The common answer to this question is “Orange”. However, the first oranges from Southeast Asia were actually green. Up to now, oranges in warmer areas like Vietnam and Thailand still stay green when they are fully grown. ◆There was a man named John Chapman who planted thousands of apple trees. But the apples on those trees were much more bitter (苦的) than the ones you’d find in the supermarket today. John didn’t expect his apples to be eaten whole, but rather made into hard apple cider (苹果酒). ◆Like most four-legged animals, cats have five toes on the front paws (脚爪), but their back paws only have four toes. Scientists think the four-toe back paws might help them run faster. Do you know any other fun facts about cats? ◆Walt Disney might have been the first to put gloves on his characters as the star Mickey Mouse in 1929’s The Opry House (《奥普里之屋》). Besides being easier to interest, there’s another reason why Disney did so: “We didn’t want him to have mouse hands because he was supposed to be more human.” Disney once said. 1. What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A. Warmer areas B. Oranges in warmer areas C. The first oranges D. People from Vietnam and Thailand 2. John expected his apples to be ________. A. known by more people B. sold in the supermarket C. eaten only by himself D. made into hard apple cider 3. Disney put gloves on Mickey Mouse in order to ________. A. make him look more human B. protect his hands C. help him to run faster D. make him fee1 more comfortable 4. Which is NOT a fact according to the information above? A. The first oranges weren’t oranges. B. John’s Apples weren’t sweet enough C. Walt Disney put gloves on his characters to interest people. D. Cats have fewer toes on their front paws than the ones on their back paws. B In 1987, a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After more than 30 years of development, the company has now beaten Apple and become the world’s second-largest maker of smartphones behind Korea’s Samsung. It has also become the world’s largest supplier (供应商) of 5G. But recently, Huawei faced some difficulties. The U.S. government ordered a ban (禁令) on its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government. At the same time, the U.S. government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei, which was believed that Huawei’s business would be hurt. “We have never received such a request from the Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other systems to collect information.” Ren Zhengfei, Huawei’s founder (创办者) and president said. “This ban from the U.S. would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems.” Ren added. In an interview several years ago, Ren Zhengfei said, “I started Huawei with only £4,000 at the beginning, but now it has become a $100 billion company. The experience was not as romantic (浪漫的) as you imagine.” Facing the ban of the U.S., Huawei is growing. Huawei’s smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far, Huawei has grown into the world’s largest telecommunication equipment (电信设备) supplier, selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future. 5 Which company is the largest supplier of 5G in the world? A. Apple. B. Samsung. C. Huawei. D. Nokia. 6. Why did the U.S. order a ban on Huawei? A. Huawei’s sales in America were growing faster than Apple. B. Huawei refused to supply services to the U.S. government. C. They didn’t want Apple to sell parts and services to Huawei. D. They thought Huawei collected information for the Chinese government. 7. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means ________. A. Huawei’s developing experience was hard B. it is romantic to start a company with $4,000 C. the romantic experience was a large amount of wealth D. people can understand Huawei's developing experience easily 8. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Huawei will grow slowly. B. Huawei is full of hope. C Huawei’s sales will be doubled. D. Huawei is the largest smartphone maker. C Do you want to be a newsreader or a presenter? By reading this you’ll know how to take the first step to be one! Making a radio programme is fun. The most important thing you need to do is to decide what kind of programme you are going to offer. Have you always wanted to be a DJ just to play music? If so, what kind of music? And will others want to listen to the music you want to play? Maybe it’s not music but information that you want to offer. You may want to do a talk show about a special subject. If so, great! Choosing something you’re interested in will make it a great experience for you. If you’re good at a subject, you’ll be known as a great presenter. Or, maybe you would like to make a programme like an interview with others. Programmes like this are easy to listen to and always interesting to make because you’ll never know what a guest is going to say and maybe your subject will change. 9. The writer thinks it’s ________ to make a radio programme. A. boring B. hard C. fun D. difficult 10 The most important thing you need to do is to decide ________. A. when to offer B. what to offer C. how to offer D. where to offer 11. What does the writer think of a programme like an interview with others? A. Easy to listen to and interesting to make. B. Hard to listen to but interesting to make. C. Easy to listen to but boring to make. D. Hard to listen to and impossible to make. 12. What does the passage mainly talk about? A The important thing of making a TV programme. B. How to practise your listening skills. C. The ways of listening to radio programmes. D. How to make your own radio programme. D What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns(阿尔卑斯长号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy, too. So, alphorns are hard work to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen(牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they’re mostly used as musical instruments. The people of La Gomera, an island in Europe, have their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled(口哨的) language called el silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting. El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be, but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it. Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal(信号) tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy’s arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours. 13. What are alphorns mostly used for today? A. Communicating in the mountains B. Calling cows for milking. C. Sending messages down to villages. D. Playing a kind of music. 14. Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate? A. Because it can send messages to animals. B. Because it is different from their language. C. Because it can be heard at a great distance. D. Because it is a subject for young students. 15. How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers? A. By listening. B. By whistling. C. By shouting. D. By watching. 16. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项为多余选项。 No one wakes up feeling happy every day. Very happy people are not different. They never stop trying to be happy. Here are some of the habits of happy people. ◆They slow down. Sometimes we think too much. ____17____ Happy people know how to enjoy the taste of their meal, enjoy the world’s colors, even just step outside to enjoy fresh air. ◆____18____ Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can make you happy. Happy people exercise regularly and follow through on it because they know it will help them get in good mood (情绪) and stay in good mood. ◆They spend money on other people. Research shows that spending money on others makes you much happier than spending it on yourself. This is especially true of small things that show effort, such as going out of your way to buy your friend a book that you know he or she will like. ◆They get enough sleep. ____19____ Your energy, attention and memory all go down when you don’t sleep well. Happy people make sleep a first thing of all. ◆They have deep conversations. Happy people know that happiness and depth go hand-in-hand. They avoid saying mean (刻薄的) things about people. ____20____ They talk with others on a deeper level, because they know doing it feels good and is an interesting way to learn. A. They exercise. B. Happiness makes you creative. C. We don’t have time to look around. D. Instead, they focus on meaningful relationships. E. When you sleep, your brain restarts and cleans itself. 二、完形填空 (共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good to the ___21___ development of the big cities. A ___22___ by a company found that shared bikes started the nation’s ___23___ for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people are ___24___ bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities. An engineer of that company says that since the ___25___ of shared bikes, people have made fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among ___26___ people, who were born in the 1980s and 1990s, but also among people over sixty. At weekends, the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the ___27___ of all cities. On weekdays, the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is ___28___ in Shanghai. It is said that bike-sharing will help ___29___ the cities’ environment. It not only helps solve the traffic problems, but also will help to make more use of ___30___ in cities. Take Beijing as an example if more people choose shared bikes, an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums (体育场)will be saved. 21. A. slow B. healthy C. harmful D. sudden 22. A. rule B. plan C. report D. suggestion 23. A. search B. worry C. preparation D. love 24. A. choosing B. pushing C. repairing D. locking 25. A. end B. start C. control D. fall 26. A. strong B. weak C. old D. young 27. A. top B. side C. corner D. line 28. A. coming over B. putting off C. going up D. giving away 29. A. discover B. separate C. experience D. improve 30. A. air B. time C. space D. money 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空(共10小题,每小题1分;满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Most plants will die if they don’t have enough water. But one plant, ____31____ (call) the resurrection (复活) plant seems to come back to life ____32____ they die. This plant can still be there after a long time of terrible drought (久旱) because it travels to look for water. Many people say that one difference between plants ____33____ animals is that animals move from place to place ____34____ (find) food and water, while plants cannot. But in the desert (沙漠) areas of American West, the resurrection plant can move around to get what it needs. When there ____35____ (be) lots of rain, the resurrection plant grows like any other plant. It sends roots (根) down into ____36____ ground and has green leaves. But when there is little water. the resurrection plant pulls its roots back up and ____37____ (dry) up. It turns to a brown ball of seemingly dead roots and leaves. This brown ball goes through the desert with the help of the wind. As soon as it touches water, the resurrection plant begins to act like a normal (正常的) plant again. Its ____38____ (leaf) turn green once more as it starts to grow. It is resurrected or brought back to life again in a new place. ____39____ this plant can live a long time with no water, it ____40____ (become) a popular house plant until now. For anyone who always forgets to water his or her plants, the resurrection plant can be a fantastic gift 四、阅读与表达 (共4小题, 41~43小题, 每小题2分, 44小题4分; 满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。请在答题卡上把你的答案写在相对应的题号后的指定区域内。 Osmanthus (桂花) is one of the most beloved autumn flowers. It is widely planted in China, with a very long planting history of more than 2,500 years. This famous plant even appeared in The Classic of Mountains and Seas (《山海经》). And the city of Hangzhou. Suzhou, and Guilin see the flower as their city flower, The name “osmanthus” comes from the Greek (希腊语) word osma, meaning “sweet” and anthos, meaning “flower”. Since the ancient times, osmanthus has been a symbol of good things, like peace, love and happiness. Legend (传说) has it that there is an osmanthus tree on the moon. A man named Wu Gang is ordered to cut it down. However, the tree can grow. Wu has to keep on cutting it again and again on the moon. Osmanthus flowers between September and October, and it is when the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated. So osmanthus has become the best flower for people to enjoy with a full moon. It has been loved by many poets, including Li Qingzhao and Yang Wanli from the Song Dynasty. Yang wrote that the sweetness of osmanthus is so clean and rich that it’s hard to believe it comes from nature and not the moon in heaven. The Chinese people’s love for osmanthus has become a part of their food culture. Osmanthus wine and tea are popular traditional Chinese drinks. For those who have a sweet tooth, there are many different kinds of food made with osmanthus flowers. The flower of osmanthus can also be collected to make honey and jam. 41. How long have Chinese people planted osmanthus? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Why is osmanthus considered the best flower to enjoy with a full moon? ________________________________________________________________ 43. What drinks can osmanthus flowers be made into? ________________________________________________________________ 44. What flower do you like best? Why? Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 良好的习惯对于青少年的成长与成功发挥着重大的作用。学校论坛正在就此话题在同学中展开调查。请你写一篇英语短文，向该论坛投稿，描述你的一或两种个人习惯，并谈谈它(们)给你的成长与成功带来怎样的影响。 写作要求： 1. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 2. 语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； 3. 词数在80—100左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$