Chapter 10 e-Logistics（课件）《电子商务专业英语》（中国水利电力出版社）

An English Course for E-Commerce (The Second Edition) Chapter 10 e-Logistics Chapter 10 e-Logistics 1 电子商务专业英语 10-2 Key points: Useful terms and definitions of e-logistics Difficult points: The difference between logistics and supply chain Chapter 10 e-Logistics 2 电子商务专业英语 10-3 Requirements: 1. 掌握电子物流的定义和术语 2. 了解物流的地位、作用及其面临的问题 3. 掌握科技论文标题的写法 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 3 电子商务专业英语 10-4 New words & Phrases logistics n.物流, 后勤学 bewildering adj.令人困惑的 tactical adj.策略上的 disjointed adj.脱节的, 杂乱的 Abbreviations SCM (Supply Chain Management) 供应链管理 SCO (Supply Chain Orientation) 供应链定向 JIT delivery (Just-In-Time delivery) 准时制发送 EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) 电子数据交换 CLM (Council of Logistics Management) 物流管理委员会 10.1 The CLM Definition of Logistics Chapter 10 e-Logistics 4 电子商务专业英语 10-5 The Council of Logistics Management has adopted this definition of logistics: Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers’ requirements. 物流管理委员会采用了这样的物流定义： 物流是供应链过程的那一部分，它计划、实现和控制货物、服务及相关信息在发源点与消费点之间高效而有效地流动，以满足顾客的需求。 10.1 The CLM Definition of Logistics Chapter 10 e-Logistics 5 电子商务专业英语 10-6 What is Supply Chain Management? If the difference between logistics and supply chain is confusing, discussions about the phenomenon of "supply chain management" (SCM) can be thoroughly bewildering. The problem, according to the Supply Chain Research Group at The University of Tennessee, is one of trying to define two concepts with one term, i.e., supply chain management. The idea of viewing the coordination of a supply chain from an overall system perspective with each of the tactical activities of distribution flows viewed within a broader strategic context (which has been called SCM as a management philosophy) is more accurately called a Supply Chain Orientation. The actual implementation of this orientation across various companies in the supply chain is more appropriately called Supply Chain Management. Chapter 10 e-Logistics 6 电子商务专业英语 10-7 什么是供应链管理？ 如果分不清物流与供应链之间的差别，讨论供应链管理现象可能令人彻底迷惑。据田纳西大学供应链研究组称，这个问题就是试图把两个概念用一个术语即供应链管理来定义。将从全面系统的观点出发考察的供应链与在广泛的战略环境(将供应链管理叫做一种管理哲学)中考虑的发行流程中的每一次战术行动相协调的概念更准确地叫做供应链定向。在供应链中跨越不同公司、真正实现这种定向，更恰当地叫做供应链管理。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 7 电子商务专业英语 10-8 Supply Chain Orientation is defined as "the recognition by an organization of the systemic, strategic implications of the tactical activities involved in managing the various flows in a supply chain." A company possesses a supply chain orientation (SCO) if its management can see the implications of managing both the upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances, and information across their suppliers and their customers. 供应链定向被定义为：“一个组织对供应链中管理各种流程所涉及到的战术行动的系统的、战略的含义的认识。”如果一个公司的管理部门能了解管理跨越其供应者与客户的产品、服务、资金和信息的逆流与顺流的含义，它就拥有了供应链定位。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 8 电子商务专业英语 10-9 However, this does not mean that every firm with an SCO can implement it because such implementation requires an SCO across several companies, directly connected in the supply chain. The firm with an SCO may implement individual, disjointed supply chain tactics (such as Just-In-Time delivery or Electronic Data Interchange with suppliers and customers), but this is not Supply Chain Management unless those tactics are coordinated (a strategic orientation) across the supply chain (a systemic orientation). 然而，这并不意味着每一个拥有供应链定位的公司都可以实现供应链定位，因为，这种实现需要供应链定位跨越几个在供应链中直接相连的公司。拥有供应链定位的公司可以实现各自的、脱节的供应链战术(如准时制传递或与供应者和顾客的电子数据交换)，但这并非供应链管理，除非这些战术跨越供应链(一个系统定位)协调(一个战略定位)。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 9 电子商务专业英语 10-10 Supply Chain Management is the implementation of a supply chain orientation across suppliers and customers. Companies implementing SCM first must have a supply chain orientation. In other words, a Supply Chain Orientation is a management philosophy and Supply Chain Management is the sum total of all the overt management actions undertaken to realize that philosophy. 供应链管理是供应链定位跨越供应者与顾客的实现。实现供应链管理的公司首先必须具有一个供应链定位。换句话说，供应链定位是一种管理哲学，而供应链管理是实现这种哲学的管理行动的总和。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 10 电子商务专业英语 10-11 Supply Chain Management is defined as "the systemic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain for the purposes of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole." 供应链管理被定义为：“为了改进单个企业和整个供应链长期性能，实现传统企业功能与在一个特定的企业内跨越这些功能的战术及其在供应链中跨越不同企业的战术之间系统的、战略的协调。” Chapter 10 e-Logistics 电子商务专业英语 10-12 New Words & Expressions: logistics n.后勤学,物流 e-tailer n.电子零售商 engage in v.使从事于, 参加 arise from起于, 由...出身 in-house adj.内部的; adv.内部地 concurrently adv.同时 incompatible adj.性质相反的, 矛盾的, 不调和的 cargo n.船货, 货物 impede v.阻止 multitude n.许多 tend to v.注意, 趋向 lead to导致 harmonization n.调和化, 一致, 融洽 bring about使发生, 致使 outdated adj.过时的, 不流行的 undervaluation n.低估, 看轻 custody n.保管, 存仓 prone to v. 倾向于... end-to-end端对端, 端到端 tariff n.关税, 关税表, 税则, revise vt.修订, 校订, 修正, 修改 Kyoto Convention京都公约 customs procedures海关手续 malpractice n.渎职, 舞弊 exchange control外汇控制, 外汇管理 retention n.留存 private sector私营成分, 私营部门 consignment n.交运货物, 交付, 寄售 in this context关于此点, 就此而论 export declaration出口申报单 customs declaration海关申报单, 申报关税, 报关单 import entry报关, 报进口 drop-shipping直达货运, 指不经批发商直达零售商 3PLs (third-party logistics service) 第三方物流服务 ITP (International Trade Prototype) 国际贸易原型 10.2 E-Logistics: Delivering the Goods in E-Commerce Chapter 10 e-Logistics 12 电子商务专业英语 10-13 10.2.1 Why logistics services are critical to the success of e-ommerce Logistics services for e-commerce (e-logistics) have proved to be an area that requires major improvements if e-commerce is to achieve its full potential. The failure of many e-tailers, for example in the United States, to fulfill orders during peak demand periods and the reluctance of some sellers to engage in international e-commerce because of the complex logistics requirements clearly demonstrate the critical role of e-logistics. 如果要充分发挥电子商务潜力的话，电子商务物流服务(电子物流)被证明是需要较大改进的领域。许多电子零售商的失败，如在美国，为了在需求高峰期完成定单和一些销售商由于复杂的物流要求而不愿从事国际电子商务，明显地显示了电子物流的重要任务。 10.2 E-Logistics: Delivering the Goods in E-Commerce Chapter 10 e-Logistics 13 电子商务专业英语 10-14 The existing e-logistics problems arise largely from the fact that e-commerce and the demand for related logistics services have grown at a much faster rate than that at which suitable logistics services and solutions have been developed. 现有的电子物流问题主要起因于电子商务及其对相关物流服务的需求以比物流服务及其解决方法适当地发展快得多的速率增长。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 电子商务专业英语 10-15 Traders have responded to the increased demand for logistics services that arises from e-commerce by adopting a variety of methods. These include handling of order fulfillment by companies themselves using in-house logistics services, outsourcing fulfillment to third-party logistics service providers (3PLs), drop-shipping and various combinations of these methods. Concurrently, considerable efforts have been made to develop software applications in order to automate logistics functions such as order management, cargo and equipment tracking, transportation management and planning, customer service management and returns management. 贸易商已对由于采用各种各样的方法引起对物流服务增长的需求做出反应，包括利用公司自己内部的物流服务、向第三方物流服务提供者外购、直达货运和这些方法的各种组合来处理定单的履行。同时，为了自动化物流功能如定单管理、货物与设备跟踪、运输管理与计划、顾客服务管理及返回管理，发展软件应用已取得相当大的成绩。 10.2.2 Solutions being used to improve logistics for e-commerce Chapter 10 e-Logistics 15 电子商务专业英语 10-16 10.2.3 Difficulties faced Technology plays a critical role in providing systems that can enhance the ability of logistics service providers to satisfy customer demands. The main weakness of the efforts to develop applications for improving logistics is the general lack of integration between the various applications used for different logistics functions. 技术在增强物流服务提供者能力以满足顾客需求的供给系统中起至关重要的作用。为改善物流而发展应用软件工作的主要缺点是普遍缺少用于不同物流功能的各种应用软件之间的综合。 Another factor that impedes the effectiveness of e-logistics services is the existence of a multitude of constraints brought about by inefficient trade facilitation. 阻碍物流服务效能的另一个因素是由低效贸易带来约束众多的现象存在。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 16 电子商务专业英语 10-17 10.2.4 The way forward To achieve more efficient e-logistics and e-fulfillment, it is desirable to have a trading environment in which there is sufficient information about goods as regards their description and origins, and destinations. Sellers and buyers should be able to monitor and track goods at every point along the way from the supplier to consumer. All stakeholders should be able to check on the Internet the availability and status of orders. All this can be achieved if trade information is simplified, automated and fully harmonized in all countries and when all restrictive government export/import regulations and practices have been eliminated. It also requires sophisticated supply chain management systems for compiling and enabling global end-to-end monitoring of trade information. 为了达到更高效的电子物流和电子履行，需要有一个关于货物的描述和起源以及目的地等信息充足的贸易环境。买卖双方应能够从供应者到顾客的每一点监视与跟踪货物。所有股东应该能够从因特网检查定单的有效性与状态。如果贸易信息在所有国家被简化、自动化并完全协调，而且当所有政府限制性的进出口规章与实务被取消时，这些都可以达到。它还要求复杂的供应链管理系统以编译贸易信息和使全球端对端贸易信息监视成为可能。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 17 电子商务专业英语 10-18 To accomplish these broad objectives and also to take into account the special problems of developing countries, it is recommended that Governments, the international community and the private sector cooperate in promoting the following specific measures: 为了完成这些广阔的目标并且也考虑发展中国家的特殊问题，建议政府、国际团体和私营部门在推广以下措施方面进行合作： To take advantage of the great potential provided by the Internet technology in order to capture, transfer and monitor trade information over global networks of supply chains in an open fashion; 充分利用因特网技术提供的潜能，以便在供应链全球网络中以开放的方式捕获、传输和监视贸易信息； Chapter 10 e-Logistics 18 电子商务专业英语 10-19 To enhance and improve the harmonization of the classification of commodity tariffs and facilitate the identification of individual consignments; 加强和改进日用品关税分类的协调，并促进个体交运货物的识别； To automate trade processing and particularly customs declaration systems in order to develop customs-to-customs information exchange and thereby provide a basis for the elimination of unnecessary export/import requirements, which can instead be replaced by fully integrated international transactions. 自动化贸易处理特别是报关单系统，以便发展海关间的信息交换，从而为取消不必要的进出口要求提供一个基础，而这些进出口要求则被完全集成化的国际事务处理程序代替。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 19 电子商务专业英语 10-20 To harmonize and simplify trade facilitation regulations and procedures, and in particular to encourage greater harmonization of customs procedures through wide adoption and implementation of the revised Kyoto Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures; 协调和简化贸易促进规章和程序，特别是通过广泛采用与执行修订的关于简化和协调海关手续的京都公约鼓励海关手续更大的协调； To encourage greater transparency in trade processing activities and take measures to reduce corruption and other forms of malpractice in customs administration; 鼓励贸易处理活动中更高的透明度，并采取措施减少海关当局的腐败和其他形式的舞弊行为； Chapter 10 e-Logistics 20 电子商务专业英语 10-21 To promote greater integration of software applications for logistics functions, including the use of such systems as XML; 为完善物流功能包括使用诸如可扩展链接标识语言系统，促进更高程度的软件应用集成； To promote partnerships between logistics service providers of developing countries and those of developed countries that are applying e-logistics systems; 促进发展中国家与发达国家的使用电子物流系统的物流服务提供者之间的合作； To provide technical cooperation programs to developing countries in promoting services that support e-logistics. 为发展中国家促进支持电子物流的服务提供技术合作程序。 Chapter 10 e-Logistics 21 电子商务专业英语 10-22 科技论文标题写法 学术文章的标题主要有三种结构： 名词性词组(包括动名词)：名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。名词的修饰语可以是形容词、介词短语，有时也可以是另一个名词。名词修饰名词时，往往可以缩短标题的长度 介词词组：由介词十名词或名词词组构成 名词词组+介词词组：介词词组一般用来修饰名词或名词词组，从而限定某研究课题的范围 间或也用一个疑问句作标题(多用在人文社会科学领域)，但一般不用陈述句或动词词组作标题 Chapter 10 e-Logistics $$