专题04 过去分词七大典型用法（课件）-【上好课】2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单 专题04 过去分词六大考点归纳 快问快答 考点细目 知识清单 分类通关 1 快问快答 PART.01 2 Q1：什么叫过去分词？ A1：过去分词是非谓语动词一种形式，基本形式为done。 Q2：过去分词能充当什么成分？ A2：过去分词在句中作表语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。 Q3：学习过去分词难点在哪里？ A3：一是掌握过去分词四大句法功能，二是掌握过去分词和不定式、过去分词的区别，三是掌握过去分词短语作定语的用法。 Q4：阅读过程中遇到过去分词（短语）怎么办？ A4：利用括号法把整个过去分词括起来视为一个整体来理解，这也是英语长难句分析的最简单有效办法。 Q5：学好过去分词有什么意义？ A5：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用过去分词提升句子表达效果。 Q6：如何才能学好过去分词？ A6：一是努力掌握过去分词基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，学以致用。 一、过去分词快问快答 3 考点细目 PART.02 4 二、过去分词五年真题细目表 卷别 作状语 作宾补 作定语 作表语 2024新课标II卷 inspired 2024浙江1月卷 　 　 designed 　 2023新高考I卷 　 　 recognized 　 2023全国甲卷 　 　 intended 　 2023全国乙卷 　 　 built 　 2023浙江1月卷 　 　 surrounded 　 2022全国甲卷 　 　 held 　 2022浙江1月卷 　 　 studied 　 2021新高考I卷 　 astonished 　 　 2021新高考II卷 　 　 　 excited 2021北京卷 　 　 caused 　 2020北京卷 　 　 found 　 2020全国II卷 　 decorated 　 　 2020浙江1月卷 compared（插入语） 　 　 　 2019北京卷 　 　 marked 　 5 考点清单 PART.03 6 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （一）过去分词作定语用法 场合 用法 示例 done 1.过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作； 2.单个分词修饰名词作前置定语；分词短语修饰名词作后置定语。 A number of roads have been blocked by fallen trees. 许多道路被倒下的树堵住了。 Many words associated with life in the West are Spanish. 许多与西方生活有关的单词都是西班牙语。 being done 表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。 Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看见那个男孩受到警察的盘问了吗? to be done 表示一个被动的、将要发生的动作。 The meeting to be held next week is of great importance. 下周要举行的会议很重要。 7 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （一）过去分词作定语用法 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. From the dates______ (mark) on the gold coin, we decided it was made five hundred years ago. 2. Can those ____________/ ____________ (sit/seat) at the back of the classroom hear me? 3. A team of scientists ____________ (lead) by a professor has found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. 4. The club, ____________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. 5. The old lady was so kind that she adopted many ____________ (abandon) cats and dogs. 6. The house ____________ (build) there soon will be a library. 7. There is a great deal of evidence ____________ (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 8. Foods ____________ (intend) for old people and children should be soft, tasty, small and light. 9. With the government’s aid, those ____________ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 10. The traditional tea-making in China is a whole system ____________ (involve) knowledge, skills, and practices about the management of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing of tea. 8 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （一）过去分词作定语用法 1. marked。日期是被印在硬币上，故用过去分词短语作定语。故答案是marked。 2. sitting/seated。空格需要分词作定语，sit是不及物动词，be seated表示“坐好”。故答案是sitting/seated。 3. led。句意：由一位教授带领的一组科学家发现，帝王蝶能够辨别一天中的时间。mc scientists与lead之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。根据句意，故填led。 4. founded。句意：这家俱乐部，成立于25年前，正在为过去和现在的会员举办一场聚会。设空处为非谓语动词，found与逻辑主语The club之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，found的过去分词为founded，作后置定语。 5. abandoned。这些狗和猫是被遗弃的，应用过去分词作定语。故填abandoned。 6. to be built。句意：那里不久要建的房子将是一座图书馆。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词the house，二者之间为被动关系；结合后面的will可知，此处表示将来，应用to be done结构。故填to be built。 7. indicating。句意：有大量证据表明，音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部位。本句是There be句型，故动词indicate在句中作非谓语动词，名词evidence与动词indicate之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。 8. intended。句意：给老年人和儿童吃的食物应该是软的、好吃的、小的、轻的。分析句子可知，句意已有谓语动词be，所以空处应填非谓语动词形式，且与其逻辑主语Foods为被动关系，所以填过去分词形式intended表被动，作后置定语。故填intended。 9. affected。句意：在政府的援助下，那些受地震影响的人已经搬到了新的定居点。affected表示“被影响到”。符合语境逻辑。故答案是affected。 10. involving。involve表示“涉及到，牵扯到”，结合语境中国传统茶艺是一个系统，涉及到……。这是一个主动行为。故答案是involving。 9 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （二）过去分词作状语用法 场合 用法 示例 done 1.过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该动作与句子主语之间的被动关系； 2.“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语时，be动词省略。 Laughed at by many people, he continued his research. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。 Lost in thought, he almost ran into a tree. 他陷入沉思，差点儿撞到树。 doing 1.现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系; 2.现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.  这辆车遇到了交通堵塞，因而导致了延误。 10 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （二）过去分词作状语用法 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. ____________ (encourage) by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 2. ____________ (disappoint) by the result, the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes. 3. ___________ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 4. ____________ (determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes. 5. When ____________ (expose) to danger and conflict, people's blood pressure tends to increase. 6. ____________ (face) with the heavy financial burden, he is thinking of moving to an area with low living expenses. 7. The research is so well-designed that once ____________ (finish), it may make a difference to this filed. 8. The child fell, ____________(strike) his head against the door. 9. I started early, only ____________(miss) the train because of the traffic jam. 10. ____________(wait) for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home. 11 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （二）过去分词作状语用法 1. Encouraged。encourage和句子主语之间构成被动关系，且已经发生。故答案是Encouraged。 2. Disappointed。句意为：因为对结果感到失望，那位选手含着泪离开了舞台。过去分词短语作原因状语。故答案是Disappointed。 3. Bitten。分析句子结构结合句意可知，设空处用非谓语动词作原因状语，动作bite(咬)与主语postman(邮递员)之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式表被动，空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Bitten。 4. Determined。句意：下定决心戒烟了，他扔掉了还剩下的香烟。句中的threw可知，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。be determined to do sth.“下定决心做某事”，为固定搭配，此处作状语，省略be。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Determined。 5. exposed。 句意为：当置身于危险和冲突的时候，人的血压往往会升高。be exposed to sth接触到；暴露在……中。故答案是exposed。 6. Faced。句意为：面对沉重的经济负担，他正在考虑搬到生活费用较低的地方生活。过去分词短语作原因状语。故答案是Faced。 7. finished。句意：句意为：这项研究设计的如此出色，一旦完成，便可能对该领域产生影响。状语从句可以还原为once it is finished。故答案是finished。 8. striking。句意：那个孩子摔倒了，头碰在门上。striking作结果状语。故答案是striking。 9. to miss。句意：他急忙赶到车站，上气不接下气，却发现火车已经发车了。only to do作结果状语，表示出乎预料的结果。故答案是to miss。 10. Having waited。句意：他等待半小时才意识到把钱包忘在家中。wait这一动作发生在“意识到”之前，故应用having done作时间状语。故答案是Having waited。 12 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （三）过去分词作宾语补足语用法 场合 用法 示例 观感使役类动词+sb+ done 1.巧记观感使役类动词--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉(notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel); 2.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示与宾语之间被动关系。 She couldn't make herself heard because of the traffic noise. 由于交通噪音太大，她无法让别人听到她的声音。 Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed. 在开车进城之前，你必须把车洗干净。 with+名词/代词+ done 1.过去分词作宾语补足语表示一个被动的、已完成的动作； 2.对比：该结构中动词不定式表示将要发生的动作；现在分词表示一个主动动作； 3.省略with则该结构变为独立主格结构。 With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.  在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。 13 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （三）过去分词作宾语补足语用法 【即时训练一】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see (carry) out the next year. 2. She returned home, only to find the door open and a number of things___________ (go/steal/miss/go/lose) 3. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes (fix) on the screen. 4. He got his bad tooth ________ (pull) yesterday, for it had caused him too much pain. 5. When I came in, I found a strange girl ___________(seat) in the corner. 1. carried。定语从句含有see sth done句型。故答案是carried。 2. gone/stolen/missing/lost。be gone/stolen/missing/lost是固定词组，故答案是gone/stolen/missing/lost。 3. fixed。fix one’s eyes on sth表示“眼睛注视着”，结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是fixed。 4. pulled。分析句子可知，pull(拔)在句中做动词got后宾语his bad tooth的补足语，应使用非谓动词形式，又因与其逻辑主语his bad tooth之间是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式pulled。故填pulled。 5. seated。分析句子成分可知，设空处为非谓语动词，作名词girl的后置定语。girl与seat之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，故用过去分词形式。故填seated。 14 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （三）过去分词作宾语补足语用法 【即时训练二】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 6. He rushed into the room, with his face  (cover) with sweat. 7. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ___________(finish) for the day. 8. With the difficult problem_________(settle), he threw himself in the sofa in relief. 9. It is estimated that by the end of this year, the number of people using hanfu products in China will reach 6.89 million, with total sales ________ (expect) to reach 10.16 billion yuan. 10. With Mr. Smith (teach) them English, they will be greatly improved next term in spoken English. 6. covered。be covered with表示“被……覆盖”；宾语face和cover之间构成被动关系。 7. finished。their lessons finished是独立主格结构，二者逻辑上是被动关系。故答案是finished。 8. settled。with sth done强调二者之间被动关系。故答案是settled。 9. expected。分析句子结构，谓语动词为is estimated，with的复合结构作状语。其中with后宾语total sales缺少宾补，所以空处为非谓语作宾补，修饰total sales。total sales和expect为动宾关系，需要用过去分词作宾补。故填expected。 10. to teach。句意：下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。to do强调将要发生。故答案是to teach。 15 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词作表语用法 场合 用法 示例 现在分词 作表语 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。 The explanation was confusing. I got confused. 这个讲解是令人费解的，我被弄糊涂了。 过去分词 作表语 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。 The pupils will get confused if they learn too much at a time. 如果学生一次学太多，他们会感到困惑。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Please remain (seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 2. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get (change) before the party. 3. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______ (connect). 4. The story was so (move) that all of us were (move) to tears. 5. Tom sounds very___________(interest) interested in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it. 16 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词作表语用法 场合 用法 示例 现在分词 作表语 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。 The explanation was confusing. I got confused. 这个讲解是令人费解的，我被弄糊涂了。 过去分词 作表语 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。 The pupils will get confused if they learn too much at a time. 如果学生一次学太多，他们会感到困惑。 【答案与解析】 1. seated。remain seated相当于be seated。故答案是seated。 2. changed。get changed也是被动语态结构，类似地，get caught, get burnt, get paid等。故答案是changed。 3. connected。句意：对于那些家人离得很远的人来说，电脑和手机是保持联系的重要工具。stay是系动词，此处后面接形容词性过去分词connected作表语；connected 意思为“有联系的”。故填connected。 4. moving; moved。现在分词演化成形容词，表示“令人……”，过去分词演化成形容词，多表示“感到……”。故答案是moving; moved。 5. interested。句意：汤姆听起来对这份工作很感兴趣，但我不确定他是否能胜任。be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。故答案是interested。 17 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）”连词+过去分词”状语从句省略用法 场合 用法 示例 连词+过去分词 连接词+过去分词表示与主语之间被动关系。 If (you are)accepted for this post, you will be informed within a week. 如果你被接受担任这个职务，将在一礼拜内给你通知。 连词+现在分词 连接词+现在分词，表示与主语之间主动关系。 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He stood up all of a sudden as if ____________ (say) to say something. 2. When first ____________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 3. No matter how frequently (perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. 4. When____________(compare) cultures, we often focus on the differences without noticing the similarities. 5. When ____________ (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 18 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）”连词+过去分词”状语从句省略用法 场合 用法 示例 连词+过去分词 连接词+过去分词表示与主语之间被动关系。 If (you are)accepted for this post, you will be informed within a week. 如果你被接受担任这个职务，将在一礼拜内给你通知。 连词+现在分词 连接词+现在分词，表示与主语之间主动关系。 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。 【答案与解析】 1. to say。句意：当时他站起来好像要说什么。as if后面常接完整从句或动词不定式短语。故答案是to say。 2. introduced。状语从句谓语动词与句子主语之间构成被动关系。故答案是introduced。 3. performed。原句可以还原为No matter how frequently they are performed。故答案是performed。 4. comparing。从句谓语动词compare与句子主语之间构成逻辑上主动关系，故答案是comparing。 5. asked。句意：当被问及对自己的教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有收获。状语从句可以还原为When he was asked….。故答案是asked。 19 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （六）过去分词短语作插入语用法 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. United we stand; _________ (divide) we fall. 2. Well _________ (begin), half done. 3. Friendship is like money: easier made than _________ (keep). 4. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, _________ (compare) with his old one. 5. As the saying goes, “Once __________(bite), twice shy.” 场合 用法 示例 Compared with/to… 用作插入语，表示“与……相比”，这时to和with均可。 Compared with traditional education, online education has many advantages. 与传统教育相比，在线教育有许多优势。 Given that … 意为“考虑到，鉴于”，后接从句。 Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her. 考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，教书似乎是她合适的工作。 20 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （六）过去分词短语作插入语用法 【答案与解析】 1. divided。句意：合则立，分则亡。前后对仗，互为提示。故答案是divided。 2. begun。句意：良好开端是成功一半。故答案是begun。 3. kept。句意：友情就像金钱，获得容易维持难。故答案是kept。 4. compared。句中的is为谓语动词，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。compare为动词，意为“比较”，与逻辑主语.Michael’s new house之间是被动关系。故应用过去分词做伴随状语。故填compared。 5. bitten。句意：俗话说，一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。Once bitten=Once you are bitten。故答案是bitten。 场合 用法 示例 Compared with/to… 用作插入语，表示“与……相比”，这时to和with均可。 Compared with traditional education, online education has many advantages. 与传统教育相比，在线教育有许多优势。 Given that … 意为“考虑到，鉴于”，后接从句。 Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her. 考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，教书似乎是她合适的工作。 21 分类通关 PART.04 22 1.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___60___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 答案: inspired 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 2.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 答案: designed 考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系） 23 3.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the _________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 答案:recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 4.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message _________ (intend) for everyone. 答案：intended。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 24 5.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _________ (build) system of ring roads. 答案：built。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 6.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, _________ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 答案：surrounded。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 25 7.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 答案：held 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 8.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 答案：studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。 26 9.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 答案：caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 10.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 答案：marked 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。 27 11.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 答案：found 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 28 12.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________(astonish). 答案：astonished 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 13.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 答案：decorated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 考点二：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 29 14.（2021新高考II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 答案：excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （一）单句填空（高考真题） 15.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 答案：compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。 考点三：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”） 考点四：考查过去分词短语作插入语 30 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 1 1. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, the city looks very attractive. 2. _________ (see) from the top of a hill, we find the city very attractive. 答案与解析： 1.Seen。考查非谓语动词用法。这里过去分词短语作条件状语，相当于If it is seen…，强调与句子主语之间被动关系。 2.Seeing。考查非谓语动词用法。这里现在分词短语作条件状语，相当于If we see…，强调与句子主语之间主动关系。 31 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 2 3. The man __________(call) himself John Smith used to lived here. 4. The man __________(call) John Smith used to lived here. 答案与解析： 3.calling。考查非谓语动词用法。__________(call) himself John Smith作定语，因为call有宾语，故用现在分词表示主动形式。 48.called。考查非谓语动词用法。__________(call) John Smith作定语，因为call没有宾语，故用过去分词表示被动意义，相当于who was called John Smith。 32 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 3 5.When _________ (heat), ice will change into water. 6.When _________ (leave) the airport, he waved to us again. 答案与解析： 5.heated。考查非谓语动词用法。这里过去分词短语作时间状语，相当于When it is heated…，强调与句子主语之间被动关系。 6.leaving。考查非谓语动词用法。这里现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于When he left…，强调与句子主语之间主动关系。 33 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 4 7. Most of us went to see her last weekend, some girls _________(include). 8. Most of us went to see her last weekend, _________(include)some girls. 答案与解析： 7.included。考查非谓语动词用法。some girls _________(include)表示“一些女孩被包含在内”。 8.including。考查非谓语动词用法。_________(include)some girls表示“包含一些女孩”。 34 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 5 9._______(compare) with traditional education, online education has many advantages. 10. __________(compare)your phone with mine, I know my phone is out of date. 答案与解析： 9.Compared。考查非谓语动词用法。Compared with…表示“和……相比”，用作插入语。 10.Comparing。考查非谓语动词用法。这里现在分词短语作时间状语，表示主动行为。 35 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 6 11. He was surprised to see some villagers _________(seat) at the back of the classroom. 12. To his surprise, he saw some villagers_________(seat) themselves at the back of the classroom. 答案与解析： 11.seated。考查非谓语动词用法。seat oneself 表示“使就坐”，主动行为，没有oneself应用过去分词短语作宾语补足语。 12.seating。考查非谓语动词用法。seat oneself 表示“使就坐”，主动行为，故应用现在分词短语作宾语补足语。 36 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 7 13.The question ___________(discuss) now at the meeting is very important. 14.The question ___________(discuss) at the meeting last week is very important. 15. The question ___________(discuss) at the meeting next week is very important. 答案与解析： 13.being discussed。考查非谓语动词用法。___________(discuss) now作定语；being done表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。 14.discussed。考查非谓语动词用法。___________(discuss) at the meeting last week作定语；过去分词短语作定语，表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。 15.to be discussed。考查非谓语动词用法。___________(discuss) at the meeting next week作定语；to be done作定语，表示一个被动的、将要发生的动作。 37 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 8 16. __________(follow) by Hank, we entered the dining room. 17. __________(follow) Hank, we entered the dining room. 18. __________(follow) Hank, and we'll enter the dining room. 答案与解析： 16.Followed。考查非谓语动词用法。by是题眼，暗示这是一个被动行为。 17.Following。考查非谓语动词用法。这里应用现在分词短语作时间状语，表示主动行为。 18.Follow。考查非谓语动词用法。and是题眼，暗示这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”。 38 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 9 19.Thousands of holidaymakers remained _______ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. 20.The teacher said there were still so many problems ________(remain) to be solved. 21. Please remain _________(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop. 答案与解析： 19.stuck。考查非谓语动词用法。remain stuck是系表结构，表示“仍然困在那里”。 20.remaning。考查非谓语动词用法。________(remain) to be solved短语作定语；remain是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 21.seated。考查非谓语动词用法。remain seated=be seated表示“保持做好”。 39 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）现在分词和过去分词易混对比十组 Group 10 22.With so much work ____________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. 23.With my mind____________ (fill) with so much work, I almost break down. 24.With a lot of tough problems ____________ (settle), the new president is having a hard time. 25.With much homework ____________ (finish), I can’t go shopping with my mum. 26.With my homework ____________ (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily. 27.She had to walk home with her bicycle ____________ (steal) yesterday. 答案与解析： 22.filling。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，doing表示主动行为。 23.filled。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，filled表示被动行为。 24.to settle。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，不定式表示将要发生行为。 25.to finish。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，不定式表示将要发生行为。 26.finished。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，过去分词表示被动行为。 27.stolen。考查非谓语动词用法。这是with复合宾语结构，过去分词表示被动行为。 40 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 1. (2024新高考I卷) 我写信是想和你分享上周五在花园里的美术课。那是充满灵感和发现的一天。 1. I’m writing to share with you the Art class in the garden last Friday. It was a day filled with inspiration and discovery. 2. (2024新高考I卷) 被树间光影的游戏所吸引，我试图捕捉太阳开始落山时颜色的相互作用。 2. Drawn to the play of light and shadow amidst the trees, I tried to capture the interplay of colors as the sun began to set. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 41 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 3. (2023新高考I卷) 我的建议是根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组，或者让学生选择自己的搭档。 3. My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. 4. (2022全国乙卷) 因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天和玩电脑游戏上瘾。 4. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 42 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 5. (2022全国甲卷) 没有海洋，就没有生命可以活下来，包括人类。 5. Without the oceans, no living things would survive, humans included. 6. (2023新高考卷) 考虑到这些关切，我想提供一个口语练习可供选择的办法。 6. Given these concerns, I’d like to suggest an alternative approach to our oral practice. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 43 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 7. (2021全国乙卷) 和传统学校教育相比，网上学习可以随时随地发生。 7. Compared with traditional schooling, learning online can happen anytime and anywhere. 8. (2021全国甲卷) 消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。 8. Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting with its topic related to Chinese traditional customs. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 44 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 9. (2021新高考I卷) 自从订阅《青年》报纸以来我已成为一名忠实的读者。 9. I have been a devoted reader since I subscribed to the newspaper Youth. 10. (2021新高考I卷) 尽管我感到很困惑，我还是收到很多鼓励，这给我信心去成为一名作家。 10. Refused as I was, I still received some great encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer. 四、过去分词用法分类通关 （二）过去分词助力应用文写作升格 45 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 1. (2024新高考I卷) 尴尬无助，我拿着空钱包和无法使用的银行卡呆在那里，内心充满了深深的焦虑。 1. Embarrassed and helpless, I froze there with my empty wallet and unusable bankcard, a deep sense of anxiety filling my heart. 2. (2024新高考I卷) 我用新获得的现金支付了冈特，并为他坚定不移的帮助加上了丰厚的小费。 2. With the freshly acquired cash, I paid Gunter, adding a generous tip for his unwavering help. 46 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 3. (2024新高考I卷) 四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给甘特打了电话。他听起来很惊讶，但听到我的消息真的很高兴。 3. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He sounded surprised but genuinely pleased to hear from me. 4. (2024浙江1月卷) 她不仅对这种赞美感到惊讶，而且还对她认为无法实现的非凡胜利感到惊讶。 4. Panicked as she was, she still tried to demystify the unknown world before her one floor after another. 47 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 5. (2024浙江1月卷)在广阔的学校里，一个定向能力差的女孩很难导航，经常迷路。 5. Instead of feeling overwhelmed by the size and complexity of the building, she focused on navigating to these key locations. 6. (2023新高考I卷)沉浸在喜悦之中，他向我挥手表示祝贺。 6. Bathed in the enjoyment, he waved at me and expressed his congratulations. 48 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 7. (2023新高考I卷)我被这个消息惊呆了，当同学们胜利地举起手时，我激动得哽咽了。 7. Stunned by the news, I was choked with emotion while my classmates were raising their hands in triumph. 8. (2022新高考I卷)看到他非常痛苦，我们几乎感到自己的血液凝固了。 8. Seeing him in great pain, we almost felt our blood frozen. 49 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （四）过去分词助力读后续写升格 书面表达升级：根据提示用过去分词翻译下列各句。 9. (2022新高考I卷)在我的鼓励下，大卫下定决心参加这次大型越野跑。 9. Encouraged by me, David made up his mind to participate in the big cross-country run. 10. (2021新高考I卷)父亲看到这里一片狼藉，吓得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的。 10. Seeing the mess, Father froze with shock, as if rooted on the ground. 50 Australian teens learn Chinese to broaden horizon “汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）语法填空（外刊原创） 51 Australian teens learn Chinese to broaden horizon “汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）语法填空（外刊原创） For many teenagers in culturally diverse Australia, 1 (master) a new language other than English opens up an avenue 2 (bond) with friends of a different background, explore alternative ways of life and view the world with a 3 (broad) horizon. The Australia Final of the 17th "Chinese Bridge" Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreign Secondary School Students 4 (wrap) up in Sydney on May 27, with 12 young contestants from all across the Oceanic country. After taking a 5 (write) test on basic knowledge in the opening round, the Australian teenagers walked onto the stage, delivering speeches that echoed the theme of "Fly High with Chinese". 52 Australian teens learn Chinese to broaden horizon “汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）语法填空（外刊原创） In the final round, a spectrum of talent shows brought the competition to a climax, 6 the contenders dressed up in elaborate Chinese traditional clothing, such as hanfu, qipao and 7 entire set of Peking Opera costumes, to demonstrate their understanding of Chinese culture. The final round also featured 8 (performance) of both traditional Chinese dance and modern hip-hop, and some contestants displayed their calligraphy abilities. Hallie Richards from Methodist Ladies' College 9 (eventual) emerged as the winner of this year's Australia final. With the support of her mother, Richards has been studying Chinese 10 the age of five. This year marks her second time competing in the Chinese proficiency competition. 53 Australian teens learn Chinese to broaden horizon “汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛落幕 三、过去分词用法知识清单 （五）语法填空（外刊原创） 【参考答案】 1. mastering 2. to bond 3. broader 4. wrapped 5. written 6. where 7. an 8. performances 9. eventually 10. since 【新闻背景】 当地时间5月26日，第17届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛澳大利亚赛区总决赛成功举行。本次决赛的主题是“追梦中文，不负韶华”，竞赛包括知识问答、主题演讲和才艺展示等环节。今年共有来自全澳各地区的12名选手参加决赛。全澳决赛后，主办方将选送选手将赴华参加全球总决赛。 54 谢谢观看 GRAMMAR SUMMARY 55 $$