内容正文:
介词的用法(二)
准备:
① 草稿纸
② 笔记本
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时间介词:in on at
方位介词:in on at over under
below to from between by
beside next to near
回顾这些介词的含义
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4、表示方式、手段、原因的介词
(1) in / by / with 表示“用…” 的区别
① in+语言 表示用某种语言
in English 用英语
② in+材料 表示用某种材料(要点:名词原形,且前无限定词。 )
in wood 用木头 in ink 用墨水
特殊:in this way 用这种方式
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③ by+名词 表示“用 … 方式 / 手段”,可表示抽象的功能。 (要点:名词原形,且前无限定词。 )
by car 坐车 by air 坐飞机 by hand 通过手工 / 手写
注意:如果交通工具前有限定词,则要用 in / on 来表示乘坐
in a car 坐小轿车 on a train 坐火车 ____ a bus
④ by+ doing sth. 表示“通过做某事”
by helping others 通过帮助他人
on
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⑤ with +具体工具 表示“用 … 工具”
(要点:名词前有限定词或为复数 / 不可数名词)
with pens 用笔 with my hand 用我的手 with water 用水
固定搭配:fill sth. with sth. 用 … 填满 …
in a car 坐小轿车 on a train 坐火车 ____ a bus
⑥ with 表伴随 表示“和… ; 带着… ”
with my mother 和我妈妈
with my best wishes 带着我最好的祝福
on
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表示“用… ”时 in / by / with 的选用技巧
看 “________”后的名词 / 词组
① 有限定词或可数名词复数 → 用with
_______ a hand
② 无限定,名词原形
看语境:by air 坐飞机 (方式、手段、抽象功能)
with air 用空气(空气作为工具)
in air 用空气(空气作为材料)
with
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1、----Dad, look at the building. It is on fire.
----Call 119 ________mobile phone right now.
2、Maybe you can solve the problem ________this way.
3、I study English ______ speaking it every day.
4、I usually write ________ a pen.
5、We can look and see ________ our eyes.
练习
by
by
in
with
with
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6、Do you write ________ a computer or ______ hand.
7、She wrote the letter ________ a pencil.
8、He came here______ his car.
9、He came here________ car.
10、Fill the glass _______wine.
11、The old man sat there ________ a basket beside him.
练习
with
in
with
with
with
by
by
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(2) for 的常见用法
① 引出对象:给 ,为 , 对于
for you 给你;对你而言;为你
例:I have a present for you. 我有一个礼物给你。
He will do anything for you. 他会为你做任何事。
It is not easy for me to sing. 对于我而言,唱歌是不容易的。
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(2) for 的常见用法
② 表动作的去向、目的
例:He is waiting for the bus. 他正在等公交。
They walked out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
③ 作为,当作
例:I like some bread and milk for breakfast.
我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
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(2) for 的常见用法
④ 表示原因:因为,由于
例:He resigned for personal reasons. 他由于个人原因辞职了。
Thank you for helping me with my English.
感谢你帮我学习英语。
练习:1、Here are some flowers _______ you ______our best wish.
A. to;for B. for ;with C. of ; to D. from ; to
B
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5、常见的介词辨析
of
(1)“关于” about
on
表示:简单提及。
think of 想起 speak of 提及 注意:≠A of B的结构
表示:关于某人/某物较详细的情况。
think about 考虑 talk about 谈论
表示:关于学术性或严肃的事情。
a lecture on cooking 关于烹饪的讲座
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1、Yesterday our monitor made a speech _______ environmental protection, and we learned something ________recycling waste. ( )
A. on ; from B. on ; about
C. from ; from D.from ; about
练习
B
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5、常见的介词辨析
like
(2)“像…” as
表示比喻:像 … 一样
He talked to me like a father.
他像父亲一样跟我说话。
① 表示 “ 好像… ”
They were all dressed as clowns.
他们全都像小丑一样打扮。
② 表示“ 作为;以…身份 ”
He talked to me as a father.
他以父亲的身份跟我讲话。
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5、常见的介词辨析
besides
(3)“除了” except
but
表示:除…之外, 还有…
Many people went there besides Tom. (Tom 去了)
表示整体中除去,重点说除去的部分:除了…
意思同except, 侧重于整体。
不定代词、特殊疑问词后只能用but。
Many people went there except Tom. (强调Tom 没去)
All are here but one. 除了一个人之外都到了。
Who but Tom would go there ?除了汤姆谁会去那儿?
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except 和 except for 的区别
前后同类用except,前后不同类用except for 。
例1:I love all the teachers here ____________ Mr. Liu .
我喜欢这里所有的老师,除了刘老师。
(前者teachers 与后者 Mr. Liu 同类)
例2:We had a pleasant camping, __________the weather.
我们露营得很高兴,除了天气不太好。
(前者指心情,后者指天气,不同类)
except
except for
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1、— How do you like the movie?
— I like it so much _______it background music.
A. besides B. except for
C. except D. but
例题详解
B
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5、常见的介词辨析
because
(4)“因为”
as
for
语气强,答why问,引导从句
The boy was absent because he was ill.
表示双方都知道的明显原因
表示推断出来的原因
She stayed at home as she had no car.
It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.
注意:because+句子; because of + 名词 / 词组
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1、— Hi, Eric. Do you learn English grammar________ taking notes
and doing exercises?
— Yes, I do.
A. with B. by C. on D. about
2、As a student, what other languages do you know _________
Chinese and English?
A. except B. except for C. besides D. but
3、You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad _________your eyes.
A. on B. in C. for D. with
练习
B
C
C
be bad for sth.
对某物是不好的
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我们今天学过的介词有哪些?
总结:
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Thank you !
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