2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期开学考试（深圳卷）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教牛津版）

绝密★启用前 2024-2025学年八年级上学期开学考试（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完型填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） There is a giraffe 1 in a forest (森林). She is very beautiful and smart. She usually helps 2 if they get lost in the forest. So the farmers in the village all like her very much. One day, a young man comes to the village. He knows the giraffe 3 the farmers and he wants to catch (抓) her. Then he goes to the forest and looks for the giraffe. After two days, he sees the giraffe and 4 her. But the giraffe runs so fast. The young man 5 catch her. The giraffe runs from morning to night. She is too tired 6 she can’t run fast, so she hides (藏) behind some trees. The young man can’t see her. The next day, the young man gets lost in the 7 and he falls (跌落) into a pool. No one can help him. The giraffe sees that, and she 8 some branches (树枝) to save him at last. The young man thanks the giraffe and says, “I’m 9 for what I do at first. Please tell me what you want me to do for you.” The giraffe says, “I only want people to stop catching animals and be 10 .” 1．A．walking B．sleeping C．living D．running 2．A．animals B．farmers C．men D．children 3．A．from B．about C．with D．at 4．A．listens to B．runs after C．plays with D．shouts to 5．A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 6．A．but B．because C．and D．or 7．A．village B．forest C．street D．fifth 8．A．buys B．draws C．makes D．uses 9．A．sorry B．sad C．afraid D．shy 10．A．strict B．relaxed C．lucky D．friendly 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A The Sunshine zoo bought a new kangaroo (袋鼠)from Australia. It was good at jumping. The zoo keeper was worried that the kangaroo would run away. He built 3-metre-high walls around it. But the next morning people found that the animal was playing around outside. So the zoo keeper made the height (高度) of the walls 5 metres at the second time. But the kangaroo got out again the following day. The zoo keeper felt very angry, so he made the walls as high as 10 metres, but the kangaroo still got out. “How high do you think he’ll keep on building the walls?” a giraffe asked the kangaroo. “I don’t know,” said the kangaroo. “Maybe they’ll reach 300 metres. It all depends (取决于)on whether (是否) he remembers to lock the gate.” 11．What was this new kangaroo good at? ________ A．Climbing. B．Jumping. C．Catching birds. D．Walking. 12．What did the zoo keeper do to stop the kangaroo from going out? ________ A．Built the high walls. B．Locked the gate. C．Frightened the kangaroo. D．Gave the kangaroo food. 13．How high did the keeper make the walls the second time?________ A．3 metre. B．5 metres. C．10 metres. D．300 metres. 14．Did he remember to lock the gate?________ A．Yes, he did. B．No, he didn’t. C．Yes, he didn’t. D．We don’t know. 15．What do you think of this zoo keeper? ________ A．Clever. B．Careful. C．Kind. D．Careless. B “Colour” and “color”, “favourite” and “favorite” ... Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a “u”? Is it because they are lazy? Of course not. In fact, the difference in spelling was started by a teacher named Noah Webster. He changed English to make American identity (特征) stronger. After the Revolutionary War (独立战争), Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary and that they shouldn’t rely on British ones. He took away the British “u” in some words. And he changed “centre” into “center” for children to learn English by spelling words more like they sounded. He used “subway” instead of (代替) British word “underground”. Some other words are “soccer” and “football”, “fall” and “autumn”. Webster spent 28 years finishing the 70,000-word dictionary with his American-style spellings in 1828. He also brought in local words. Most American schools use his dictionary. People believe it helped a new country get unity (统一) and cultural independence (文化独立) . “He was the maker of our language and the maker of American identity,” said Joshua Kendall, who is writing a book about Webster. “He at last brought us together through our language.” 16．Americans spell some words without a “u” because ________. A．Americans are lazy enough to take it away B．American English changed when people used it C．the USA government (政府) changed the spelling of words D．a teacher named Noah Webster started the change in spelling 17．Which is NOT true about Webster’s dictionary? A．It has local words in it. B．It is a 70,000-word dictionary. C．All the words are spelled without “u”. D．Its words are in American-style spelling. 18．What does the underlined phrase “rely on” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．改革 B．依赖 C．容忍 D．放弃 19．What do people think of Webster’s dictionary? A．It is only a dictionary that Americans still use today. B．It brought Americans together through language and culture. C．It wasn’t popular among Americans or Englishmen. D．It made American English more useful than British English. 20．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．British English disappeared (消失) after the Revolutionary War. B．British English is greatly different from American English. C．Noah Webster brought in local words to his dictionary. D．Noah Webster changed English to make American identity stronger. C Charles Dickens is among Britain’s greatest writers, and the author (作者) of one of the most beloved Christmas stories in the English-speaking world. Charles John Huffam Dickens was born in 1812 in Portsmouth, England, and was the second oldest of eight children. His father, John Dickens, had a good office job but was bad with money and made his family poor. In 1824, Dickens had to leave school to work in a factory while his father was in prison (监狱) for debts (负债). This was a hard time for Dickens, but his experiences might have helped him become the writer. As well as writing 15 novels between 1836 and 1870, Dickens was a journalist (记者). He reported the difficult life of poor people in England at the time, and called for change. Dickens also wrote about poverty and inequality (不公) in many of his books, like Oliver Twist and Great Expectations. A Christmas Carol (1843), also talked about inequality. Even though it took Dickens only six weeks to write, it was one of his most popular books. The novel is about Ebenezer Scrooge, a mean (吝啬的) rich businessman. He hates Christmas and doesn’t care about poor people even though he has money to help them. Three ghosts (鬼魂) visit Scrooge on Christmas Eve—the ghosts of Christmas Past, Present and Future—who help Scrooge understand why he needs to become a better person. A Christmas Carol is still enjoyed by people around the world every December. Later, it was made into a movie by Robert Zemeckis. 21．When was Dickens born? A．In 1812. B．In 1824. C．In 1836. D．In 1870. 22．What did Dickens talk about in Oliver Twist and Great Expectations? A．Life and changes. B．Poverty and inequality. C．Christmas and ghosts. D．Help and enjoyment. 23．Who is the main character of A Christmas Carol? A．A famous writer. B．A journalist. C．A mean rich person. D．An officer. 24．What did Dickens do in his life? a. He studied at school.            b. He worked in a factory.              c. He was a journalist. d. He wrote books.                   e. He made a movie. A．abcde B．abce C．abcd D．abc 25．Which one is the right structure of the passage? A．①②③—④⑤⑥—⑦⑧ B．①②③④—⑤⑥⑦—⑧ C．①—②③④⑤⑥⑦—⑧ D．①—②③④⑤—⑥⑦⑧ 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Different foods help your body in different ways. It’s easy to know what foods are good for you. 26 You need to eat the foods in different groups every day. You need a lot from the grain (谷物) group every day. Rice and bread are in this group. 27 Eat enough vegetables each day. Eating more vegetables can help you keep thin . You also need some fruit each day. Keep fruit where you can see it. 28 You can drink a glass of apple juice. You can eat a banana or a pear. Eating fruit may also make you feel happy. Try to drink milk each day. 29 Drink one glass in the morning and the other at night. You also need something from the meat group. 30 You need 80-120g meat a day to have strong muscles (肌肉) . Try not to eat many candies. They may taste good, but they don’t help you to grow strong or stay healthy. A．Two glasses are OK. B．That way you’ll eat more. C．There are five big food groups. D．Foods like them give you energy (精力) . E．Fish, chicken, and beef are in this group. F．Take-away food (外卖食物) is popular among people. 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） 下面的材料A—F是六则兼职招聘广告。请根据五个人的兴趣喜好，为他们推荐合适的兼职工作。 31 David usually helps his parents with housework and he really enjoys cooking. 32 Rebecca has a nice voice and she keeps taking singing classes every weekend. 33 Ben is a dog lover and he thinks dog walking makes him happier and healthier. 34 Sara is interested in acting and she likes watching English plays in her free time. 35 Jim lives in a house with a big garden and he knows how to care for flowers and trees. A．Do you want to be a shining star on stage? Our theatre provides further training and support for excellent actors! Join us and make your dream come true! B．Would you like to spend some time with our pet dog while getting exercise and fresh air? We’re sure you’ll have a good time with our little animal friend! C． We are forming a new band and we need singers to make great music together. If you are good at singing, give us a call right now and be part of our team! D．Are you thinking of using your English skills to help children learn? Come to our learning center to teach one-to-one or small groups to help improve their English! E. The plants in our park are waiting for someone with green fingers. If you know how to take good care of them, help us keep the natural beauty for all to enjoy! F. As our sous-chef, you will work closely with our head cook to make delicious dishes for our guests. If you have a love for cooking, you’re welcome to join us! 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 Harbin, a beautiful city with snow and ice, is in the northeast of China. Last winter, a group of 11 kids from Nanning, Guangxi went there on a study trip. The kids are 36 (call) “Little Tangerines (砂糖橘)” because of their clothes-orange jackets and blue trousers. They are so lovely, just like the fruit. These children are young, from three to six years old. And three teachers looked after 37 (they) on the way. This was the kids’ 38 (one) time to travel so far, but they all 39 (feel) very 40 (excite). Wherever they went, they were welcome. They did lots of 41 (interest) things in Harbin. They played in the snow and watched penguins (企鹅). They visited the Harbin Ice and Snow World and tasted delicious food. They went 42 (visit) a police outpost (哨所) in Mohe. It was an important part of their study trip. “This trip is so meaningful(有意义的). The kids 43 (remember) it forever(永远).” A parent said. One of the teachers says that they 44 (have) study trips for children every year. During the trips, children need to do many things by themselves. It’s good for them 45 (learn) to be independent (独立的). 四、书面表达（15分） 46．“绿水青山就是金山银山”，坚持节约资源和保护环境是我国的基本国策。请你以“Live a Green Life”为题，根据以下文字提示，写一篇英语短文向校报投稿，并适当发表自己的观点。 主题 Live a Green Life 现状 到处都有浪费和污染 建议 出行 骑自行车、步行代替坐汽车，减少空气污染 购物 尽量使用布的购物袋 节约 ……（补充至少1项节约方式） 你的建议 ……（补充至少1 条建议） 写作要求： 1. 词数 80左右（开头已给出，不计入字数）； 2. 书写要整洁、规范； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 提示词：减少reduce  布的cloth Live a Green Life    As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了一个年轻男子想要抓长颈鹿，而最后却被对方救了的故事。 1．句意：森林里住着一只长颈鹿。 walking走；sleeping睡；living居住；running跑。根据“There is a giraffe…in a forest”以及“Then he goes to the forest and looks for the giraffe”可知是指森林里住着一只长颈鹿。故选C。 2．句意：如果农民在森林中迷路，她通常会帮助他们。 animals动物；farmers农民；men男人；children孩子们。根据“So the farmers in the village all like her very much.”可知是指农民在森林中迷路，故选B。 3．句意：他从农民那里认识长颈鹿，他想抓住她。 from从；about关于；with和；at在。根据“He knows the giraffe…the farmers”可知是指从农民那里认识长颈鹿，故选A。 4．句意：两天后，他看到了长颈鹿并追赶她。 listens to听；runs after追赶；plays with和……玩；shouts to大喊。根据“But the giraffe runs so fast.”可知是他看到了长颈鹿并追赶她。故选B。 5．句意：年轻人抓不到她。 must必须；mustn’t禁止；can能；can’t不能。根据“The giraffe runs from morning to night.”可知是指年轻人不能抓到她。故选D。 6．句意：她太累了，跑不快，所以她躲在了一些树后面。 but但是；because因为；and和；or或者。前后表并列，需用and。故选C。 7．句意：第二天，这个年轻人在森林里迷路了，掉进了水池里。 village乡村；forest森林；street街；fifth第五。年轻人是在森林里抓鹿，因此此处是指在森林里迷路了，故选B。 8．句意：长颈鹿看到了这一点，她最终用一些树枝救了他。 buys买；draws画画；makes制作；uses使用。根据“some branches (树枝) to save him”可知是指用一些树枝救了他。故选D。 9．句意：我对我一开始所做的事情感到抱歉。 sorry抱歉；sad悲伤的；afraid害怕的；shy害羞的。一开始这个年轻人是想抓这只鹿，因此是对一开始所做的事情感到抱歉。故选A。 10．句意：我只希望人们停止捕捉动物并变得友好。 strict严格的；relaxed放松的；lucky幸运的；friendly友好的。根据“stop catching animals”可知是指停止捕捉动物并变得友好。故选D。 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文主要讲述动物园里一只袋鼠和饲养员之间的故事。 11．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Sunshine zoo bought a new kangaroo (袋鼠)from Australia. It was good at jumping.”可知，袋鼠擅长跳。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“The zoo keeper was worried that the kangaroo would run away. He built 3-metre-high walls around it.”可知，动物园管理员担心袋鼠会跑开。他在周围筑起了墙。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“So the zoo keeper made the height (高度) of the walls 5 metres at the second time.”可知，饲养员第二次筑了5米高的墙。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据最后袋鼠的话“It all depends (取决于) on whether (是否) he remembers to lock the gate.”可知，袋鼠不是跳出来的，而是管理员忘记锁门，从门里出来的。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据最后袋鼠的话“It all depends (取决于) on whether (是否) he remembers to lock the gate.”可知，袋鼠不是跳出来的，而是管理员忘记锁门，从门里出来的。可以判断管理员是个粗心的人，故选D。 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文介绍了Noah Webster编制的字典，研究美式英语，希望美式英语有自己的特点，以及介绍他对美国的影响。 16．细节理解题。根据文中“In fact, the difference in spelling was started by a teacher named Noah Webster. He changed English to make American identity stronger.”可知，一位叫Noah Webster的语言学家开始了拼写改革。故选D。 17．细节理解题。根据文中“He took away the British ‘u’ in some words.”可知，他将一些单词中的英式英语的“u”去掉了，选项C“所有的单词都被拼写成没有‘u’”与原文不符。故选C。 18．词义猜测题。根据文中“Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary and that they shouldn’t rely on British ones.”可知，Webster相信美国人应该拥有自己的字典，而不依赖于英国的字典。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据文中“People believe it helped a new country get unity and cultural independence.”可知，人们认为这帮助一个新国家实现统一和文化独立。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘He was the maker of our language and the maker of American identity,’ said Joshua Kendall, who is writing a book about Webster. ‘He at last brought us together through our language.’”可知，Noah Webster是美式英语和美国特征的创造者，使得美国人民紧密联系在一起。选项B“Noah Webster改变了英语，让美国特征更强大”符合题意。故选D。 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文介绍了知名作家查尔斯·狄更斯以及他的著作《圣诞颂歌》。 21．细节理解题。根据“Charles John Huffam Dickens was born in 1812 in Portsmouth”可知，查尔斯·狄更斯出生于1812年。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Dickens also wrote about poverty and inequality (不公) in many of his books, like Oliver Twist and Great Expectations.”可知，狄更斯在《雾都孤儿》和《远大前程》中提到了贫困和不公。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“The novel is about Ebenezer Scrooge, a mean (吝啬的) rich businessman.”可知，《圣诞颂歌》里的主人公是一个吝啬的富人。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“In 1824, Dickens had to leave school to work in a factory”可知，Dickens先在学校念书，然后去了工厂；根据“As well as writing 15 novels between 1836 and 1870, Dickens was a journalist (记者)”可知，Dickens写小说，当记者。因此C选项 “abcd” 符合题意。故选C。 25．篇章结构题。第一段总体介绍了狄更斯；第二、三、四、五自然段介绍了狄更斯的人生经历；第六、七、八自然段介绍了狄更斯的作品《圣诞颂歌》，因此①—②③④⑤—⑥⑦⑧ 符合。故选D。 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们每天需要摄入的食物。 26．根据“You need to eat the foods in different groups every day”可知此处应提到食物分为不同的群组，选项C“有五大食物组”符合语境，故选C。 27．根据“Rice and bread are in this group”和“Eat enough vegetables each day. Eating more vegetables can help you keep thin”可知此处应是介绍吃米和面包的好处，选项D“像它们这样的食物给你精力”符合语境，故选D。 28．根据“Keep fruit where you can see it.”可知此处应是介绍把水果放在能看见的地方的原因，选项B“以那种方式你将吃得更多”符合语境，故选B。 29．根据“Try to drink milk each day”可知此处应与喝牛奶有关，选项A“两杯就可以”符合语境，故选A。 30．根据“You also need something from the meat group”可知此处应与肉类食物有关，选项E“鱼，鸡肉和牛肉在这组食物里”符合语境，故选E。 31．F 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文是给左栏中人物的兴趣爱好，匹配合适的兼职工作。 31．根据“David usually helps his parents with housework and he really enjoys cooking.”可知，大卫喜欢做饭，选项F“作为我们的副厨师长，你将与我们的厨师长密切合作，为客人制作美味的菜肴。如果你热爱烹饪，欢迎加入我们！”与之匹配。故选F。 32．根据“Rebecca has a nice voice and she keeps taking singing classes every weekend.”可知，丽贝卡擅长唱歌，选项C“我们正在组建一个新乐队，我们需要歌手一起做出很棒的音乐。如果你擅长唱歌，马上给我们打电话，成为我们团队的一员！”与之匹配。故选C。 33．根据“Ben is a dog lover and he thinks dog walking makes him happier and healthier.”可知，与狗相关的兼职适合本。选项B“你想花点时间和我们的宠物狗一起运动，呼吸新鲜空气吗？我们相信你会和我们的小动物朋友玩得很开心的！”与之匹配。故选B。 34．根据“Sara is interested in acting and she likes watching English plays in her free time.”可知，与英语相关的兼职适合萨拉。选项D“你想用你的英语技能来帮助孩子们学习吗？来我们的学习中心进行一对一或小组教学，帮助他们提高英语水平！”与之匹配。故选D。 35．根据“Jim lives in a house with a big garden and he knows how to care for flowers and trees.”可知，吉姆知道如何照顾花草树木，与园艺有关的兼职适合吉姆，选项E“我们公园里的植物正在等待有园艺能手的人。如果你知道如何照顾好它们，帮助我们保持自然之美，让所有人都能享受！”与之匹配。故选E。 36．called 37．them 38．first 39．felt 40．excited 41．interesting 42．to visit 43．will remember 44．have 45． to learn 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自广西南宁的11名孩子到哈尔滨进行旅学的事件。 36．句意：孩子们被称为“砂糖橘”，因为他们的橙色夹克和蓝色的裤子。此处用一般现在时的被动语态，are后跟动词过去分词形式called。故填called。 37．句意：三位老师在路上照看他们。介词after后跟they的宾格形式them，意为“他们”。故填them。 38．句意：这是孩子们第一次这么远的旅行，但他们都感到非常兴奋。此处指的是“第一次如此远的旅行”，因此此处用序数词first，意为“第一”。故填first。 39．句意：这是孩子们第一次这么远的旅行，但他们都感到非常兴奋。句子时态是一般过去时，此处用动词过去式felt，意为“感觉”。故填felt。 40．句意：这是孩子们第一次这么远的旅行，但他们都感到非常兴奋。此处指的是“孩子们感到很兴奋”，应该用excited，意为“感到很兴奋的”。故填excited。 41．句意：他们在哈尔滨做了许多有趣的事情。此处指的是“有趣的事情”，用形容词修饰名词，interesting意为“有趣的”，修饰物。故填interesting。 42．句意：他们去了漠河的一个派出所。went是不及物动词，其后跟to do不定式。故填to visit。 43．句意：孩子们会永远记住它。根据“forever”可知，句子时态用一般将来时，谓语动词构成是will+动词原形。故填will remember。 44．句意：一位老师说他们每年都为孩子们组织学习旅行。根据“every year”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用have。故填have。 45．句意：对他们来说，学会独立是有好处的。It’s+形容词 for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……”，固定句式。故填to learn。 46．例文 Live a Green Life    As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. There is waste and pollution everywhere. Waste and pollution become more and more serious, which has a bad effect on our earth. As a middle school student, it’s time for us to protect our earth to help build a green home. We must do something to protect the earth. Firstly, we should often go outside on foot or by bike instead of by car. Therefore, we can avoid the traffic jams and reduce the air pollution. Secondly, we had better use cloth shopping bags rather than plastic bags when we go shopping. Otherwise, using too much plastic bags may cause mountains of rubbish and pollute the land. Thirdly, turn off the light when we leave, as a result, we can save much energy. Last but not least, it is a good way to plant more trees, which can make our earth become greener and more beautiful. Being green has become a living habit for me. I believe that we can make a difference to the environment if we take action. 【详解】[总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：文章应该包括表格中所列要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第一人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步，介绍环境污染严重，作为中学生应该做点事情来保护环境，从而引出话题； 第二步，依据表格内容，逐一介绍节约资源和保护环境的建议，适当拓展； 第三步，书写总结，呼吁大家行动起来。 ［亮点词汇］ ① instead of 代替 ② turn off 关闭 ③ rather than 而不是 ［高分句型］ ① Last but not least, it is a good way to plant more trees, which can make our earth become greener and more beautiful. (it作形式主语、which引导非限制性定语从句) ② Secondly, we had better use cloth shopping bags rather than plastic bags when we go shopping. (when引导时间状语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$