内容正文:
【同步100分背默】Unit3 The seasons知识清单
一.重点词汇背默
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1.footprint n.脚印;足迹
2.wet adj.潮湿的
3.deep adj.深的
4.sandy adj.铺满沙子的;含沙的
5.kick v.踢;踹
6.town n.镇;市镇
7.feature n.特色;特征
8.south n.南;南方
9.clear adj.晴朗的
10.loudly adv.喧闹地;响亮地
11.thunder n.雷声
12.lightning n.闪电
13.fresh adj.新鲜的
14.gather v.采集(植物、水果等)
15.peaceful adj.安静的;平静的
16.snake n.蛇
17.through prep.自始至终;从头到尾
18.part n.区域;地区
19.article n.文章
20.reason n.原因;理由
21.alive adj.有生气;有活力
22.*sandcastle n.沙堡
23.follow v.按··方式发展
24.divide v.(使)分开
25.decide v.对··作出抉择;决定
26.*crop n.庄稼;作物
27.culture n.文化;文明
28.local adj.地方的;当地的
29.tradition n.传统
30.continue v.持续;继续存在
二.重点词汇拓展
1. deep adj.深的;厚的deeply 深深地;在深处low浅的
2. south n.南,南方 adj.向南的north北方southern南部的,南方的
3. clear adj.清晰的;明亮的;清楚的clearly清晰地;明亮地;清楚地→clear out把……清空;清理;丢掉
4. peace n.和平,宁静peaceful和平的,宁静的
5. divide v.分,划分→divide...into...把……分成……
6. decide v.决定;下决心decision→make a decision作出决定→decide to do sth.决定做某事
7. culture n.文化;文明cultural与文化有关的;文化的
8. continue v.继续→continue doing/to do sth.继续做某事go on doing/to do sth.
9. rain n.雨,雨水 v.下雨rainy多雨的
10. snow v.下雪 n.雪snowy下雪的;多雪的
11. sun n.太阳sunny 晴朗的,阳光充足的→in the sun在太阳下
12. wind n.风windy有风的,多风的
13. swim v.游泳,游swimming 游泳→go swimming去游泳
14. shelf n.架子,搁板,隔层shelves →on the shelf在架子上
15. succeed v.成功success成功successful成功的,有成就的successfully成功地→succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
三.重点短语背默
1.solar term节气
2.have picnics野餐
3.work one's land耕种土地
4.take a trip 去旅行
5.in fact事实上
6.be divided into被划分成..
7.be based on以...为基础.
8.play an important part in在..上发挥重要作用
9.go to the beach 去海滩
10.swim in the sea 在海里游泳
11.ice cream冰淇淋
12.thunder and lightning电闪雷鸣
13.go on a family outing全家一起远足
14.prepare for准备
15.keep me cool让我保持凉爽
16.on sunny days在晴朗的日子里
17.have time to do sth.有时间做某事
18.for sure无疑;肯定
19.the 24 solar terms二十四节气
20.divide... into ..把..分成..
21.be based on 基于.
22.start with以..开始
23.play an important part in.在...起着重要的作用
24.in different ways不同的方式
25.spring rolls春卷
26.spring pancake春饼
四.重点句子背默
1.There are four seasons in a year, and each season has its special features.一年有四季,每一季都有自己的特色。
2.Life begins again in spring. The snow melts, and nature wakes up after the long winter. 生命在春天又重新开始了。雪融化了,大自然在漫长的冬天之后醒来。
3.Plants start to grow, and birds come back from the south. 植物开始生长,鸟类从南方回来。
4.It is a time of new life and new hope. 这是一个充满新生命和新希望的时代。
5.It is exciting to take a trip in the countryside in springtime. 春天到乡村去旅行是很令人兴奋的。
6.Summer is bright and noisy. 夏天明亮而嘈杂。
7.The sun shines brightly in the clear, blue sky. 阳光明亮地照耀在清澈、湛蓝的天空中。
8.There is often thunder and lightning in the afternoon. 下午经常有雷电声。
9.It is nice to eat ice cream or fresh fruit in summer. 在夏天吃冰淇淋或新鲜水果很好的。
10.Autumn is beautiful and full of colour. 秋天美丽美丽,色彩鲜艳。
11.In autumn, everything changes. Leaves turn brown, red or yellow and start falling from the trees. 在秋天,一切都变了。叶子变成棕色、红色或黄色,并开始从树上掉下来。
12.Farmers are busy with the harvest. 农民们正忙于收割。
13.It is great to go on a family outing at this time of year. 每年的这个时候全家外出是很棒的。
14.Children love winter because they love to play in the snow. 孩子们喜欢冬天是因为他们喜欢在雪地里玩耍。
15.I enjoy going swimming with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友们一起去游泳。
16.I also love going running in the park with my best friend. 我也喜欢和我最好的朋友一起去公园跑步。
17.It is great to exercise outdoors in summer, and it is nice to eat ice cream on a hot day. 夏天在户外运动很好,在炎热的日子里吃冰淇淋也很好。
18.Summer is the best for sure! 夏天肯定是最好的!
19.In fact, the year is divided into 24 parts, based on where the sun is in the sky. 事实上,根据太阳在天空中的位置,这一年被分为24个部分。
20.These solar terms follow the changes of the seasons and the weather. 这些太阳术语遵循季节和天气的变化。
21.Each of the seasons is then divided into six parts, and each part lasts about 15 days. 每个季节被分成六个部分,每个部分持续大约15天。
22.The solar terms can fall on different dates. 太阳系的术语可以落在不同的日期。
23.The 24 solar terms are very useful in daily life. 这24个太阳术语在日常生活中非常有用。
24.The solar terms also play an important part in traditional Chinese culture. 太阳术语在中国传统文化中也起着重要作用。
25.People celebrated these days in different ways in the past, such as eating special local dishes. 过去,人们用不同的方式庆祝,比如吃当地的当地菜肴。
26.For example, people still eat spring is rolls and spring pancakes to celebrate the"Start of Spring". 例如,人们仍然吃春天是面包卷和春天煎饼来庆祝“春天的开始”。
27.As our planet moves around the Sun, the light from the Sun falls on the Earth from different directions. 当我们的行星绕着太阳移动时,来自太阳的光从不同的方向落在地球上。
28.At different times of year, there is more sunlight in some places, and less sunlight in others. 在一年中的不同时间,一些地方的阳光更多,而另一些地方的阳光更少。
29.More sunlight means longer days and warmer weather, and this is why we have spring and summer. 更多的阳光意味着更长的日子和更温暖的天气,这就是为什么我们有春天和夏天。
30.It gets colder in autumn and winter because the days are shorter, and we get less light from the Sun.秋天和冬天会变冷,因为白天更短,我们得到的光线也更少
五.易错点记忆
一.wake的用法
用法分析woke是wake的过去式。wake做不及物动词“醒来”,wake up意为“使……醒来,叫醒……”,后接人称代词宾格时,要放在 wake up中间。
I wake up at the same time every morning.我每天早上在同一时间醒来。
She is asleep,but I'll wake her up.她睡着了,不过我将把她叫醒。
考点拓展 awake做形容词“醒着的”,一般只做表语,不做定语。
Is the baby awake or asleep?这个婴儿醒了还是睡着了?
考题预测
___A___,Bill!It's time to go to school.
A.Wake up B.Look up C.Make up D.Put up
二.it做形式主语的用法
用法分析 这里it是形式主语,后面的不定式短语to have cake on your birthday是真正的主语。It's+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。
保持水质清洁是很重要的。It's important to keep the water clean.
我们很难回答这些问题。It is very hard for us to answer the questions.
中考链接
—Could I go swimming with my friend,dad?
—No,it's very dangerous for you kids___C___swimming without adults.
A.go B.going C.to go D.went
三.exciting的用法
用法分析 exciting为形容词,意为“令人激动的,振奋人心的”,可用作表语或定语,其主语或所修饰的名词多为“事”或“物”。
这消息激动人心。The news is exciting.
这是一部令人兴奋的电影。This is an exciting film.
考点辨析 excited,exciting,excitement
excited
形容词
感到兴奋的,主语一般是人。
exciting
令人兴奋的,其主语多为物,做表语或定语。
excitement
名词
“激动;兴奋”,to one's excitement使某人兴奋的是。
The students are excited about the results of the exams.学生们对考试成绩感到非常兴奋。
There is some exciting news in today's newspaper.今天的报纸上有一些鼓舞人心的消息。
Skiing is very exciting.滑雪非常令人兴奋。
To my excitement,I got the first prize.让我兴奋的是,我得了一等奖。
考点拓展 人做主语的形容词:interested,surprised,relaxed,amazed,bored,moved, excited。主语为事物或做定语的形容词:interesting,surprising,relaxing,amazing, boring,moving,exciting。
中考链接
We are___A___about the______ news that Beijing will hold the Winter Olympics in 2022.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;excited C.excited;excite
四.loudly的用法
用法分析 loudly意为“大声地;响亮地”,放在所修饰的动词前、后都可。more loudly是loudly的比较级形式。
她不喜欢在公众场合大声谈笑。She does not like to talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
不要这么大声地吹小号!Don’t play the trumpet so loudly!
注意 friendly虽然以-1y结尾,但是它是形容词,比较级是friendlier或more friendly。
考题预测 We shouldn’t speak ___B___ in our classroom.
A. truly B. loudly C. clearly D. carefully
五. leaf的用法
用法分析 leaf为名词,意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。
You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。
要点拓展 以f,fe结尾的名词变复数:
wife→wives妻子
将f,fe变为v再加-es
leaf→leaves叶子
life→lives生命
shelf→shelves架子
thief→thieves小偷
scarf→scarves围巾
wolf→wolves狼
knife→knives刀
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves(树叶)。
六. fall 的用法
用法分析 fall from在本句中意为“从....摔倒”,该短语为“动词+副词”结构,为不及物动词短语,不能直接跟宾语。=fall down from意为“从…….摔下”。
老妇人摔倒了,摔断了腿。The old lady fell down and broke her leg.
考点辨析 fall down, fall off
fall down
意为“倒下”,强调“在平面摔倒;倒下”。
fall of
意为“跌落”,强调“从某处掉了下来”,相当于fall down from。
When the little girl ran across the street, she fell down.当那个小女孩跑过街道时,她摔倒了。
He fell off the bike and broke his legs.他从自行车上摔了下来,摔断了腿。
七.busy的用法
用法分析 busy形容词,意为“忙碌的”,反义词为free(空闲的)。 be busy doing sth.忙着做某事,be busy with sth.忙于做某事,with后要接名词性的词或短语.
他正忙于做作业。He is busy doing his homework.
=He is busy with his homework.
考点拓展 be busy在打电话用语中是指占线。
Sorry,the line is busy;please call back late!对不起,电话占线。请您稍后再拨!
中考链接
The workers are busy___C___ windows to the new building these days.
A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.to fix
八.had better
had better
had better do sth.
had better not do sth.
最好
最好做某事
最好不做某事
1.You had better not talk in class.你最好不要在课堂上说话。
2.A:Had Tom better do it like that?Tom最好应该那样做吗?
B:No,he hadn’t.不,他不应该。
九.bring的用法
用法分析bring表示把某物带到某地来。常见的固定搭配是:bring sth.to sb.=bring sb.sth.,表示“把某物带给某人”;bring good luck to...意为“给……带来好运”。
请给我端一杯茶。Please bring a cup of tea to me.
=Please bring me a cup of tea.
这朵花会给你带来好运。The flower will bring good luck to you.
十.an umbrella
an的用法
判断一个词前用a还是an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。
在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。
要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时前用an,如:an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy;当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如:a university,a useful book。
十一.“名词+后缀-y”构成的形容词
名词
形容词
名词
形容词
rain n.雨
rainy adj.多雨的
sun n.阳光
sunny adj.晴朗的
wind n.风
windy adj.多风的
cloud n.云
cloudy adj.多云的
用法分析 rain做动词时,意为“下雨”;做名词时,意为“雨”。
外面雨下得很大。Come in. It is raining heavily outside.
注意 雨的大小可用heavy rain(大雨),light rain(小雨),fine rain(毛毛细雨)来表达,切忌用large或small来表达。
中考链接
We can collect rainwater when it rains ___B___, and use it to water plants.
A. softly B. heavily C. noisily D. quietly
十二.复合不定代词everything,anything,something和nothing
nothing
没有什么东西(常与单数形式的谓语动词连用)
something
一些东西(常用于肯定句中)
在表示请求的疑问句中如果希望获得肯定回答,要用something而不是anything.
anything
一些东西(常用于否定句或者疑问句中)
everything
每一样东西(常与单数形式的谓语动词连用)
用everything,anything,something或nothing填空。
(1)Something unhappy happened between us.我们之间发生了一些不开心的事。
(2)There is nothing in the box.没有东西在箱子里。
(3)Do you want something to eat?你想要一些吃的吗?
(4)There isn’t anything new in the newspaper today.今天的报纸里没有什么新鲜事。
(5)Everything here is wonderful for her.这里的每一样东西对于她而言都很奇妙。
十三. lively的用法
要点辨析 lively,alive,living,live
lively
表示“生气勃勃的,活泼的”,可修饰人或物,用作定语或表语。
alive
表示“活着的”,可以修饰人或动植物,常做表语、宾语补足语或后置定语。
living
表示“活着的”,修饰人或物,常做表语或定语。做表语时相当于alive。the living表示“活着的人”,做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
live
表示“活的,有精神的,现场直播的”,此时读作/laɪv/,可修饰人或物,一般只做前置定语。
Who is the lively girl in the picture?照片中那个活泼的女孩是谁?
Even though we’re in difficult times, we need to keep hope alive.即使我们处在困难时期,我们也需要保持活下去的希望。
The living are more important to us than the dead.活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。
This is a live fish.这是一条活鱼。
【新题速递】-Mr. Black always makes his class ___D___ and keeps his students interested in class.
-What a successful teacher he is!
A. boring B. lovely C. slowly D. lively
十四.help的用法
用法分析 help(sb.)with sth.在某方面帮助(某人);帮助某人做某事,with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.(to) do sth.。
她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English.=She often helps me with my English.
考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。
Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下,她通过了考试。
固定搭配
help的固定搭配
can't help doing
忍不住/禁不住做……
help oneself to
随便吃/喝……
I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish!请随便吃点鱼吧!
考题预测
Ann often helps me___B___my math after school.
A.for B.with C.on D.by
十五.keep的用法
用法分析keep及物动词“保持;保留”,“keep+sb./ sth.+adj.”意为“使……处于某种状态”。
我们应该保持教室干净整洁。We should keep the classroom clean and tidy.
考点拓展(1)keep做系动词,后接形容词。
Keep quiet in the library.在图书馆里保持安静。
(2)keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事。
Don't keep your mother waiting so long.不要让你母亲久等。
(3)keep做“借”,是延续性动词,和一段时间连用。
You can keep the book for a week.这本书你能借一周时间。
中考链接
My little brother is a tidy boy. He always keeps his room___A___.
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.cleaned
十六.There be句型一般疑问句的用法
用法分析 There be句型一般疑问句:把be动词提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号。其肯定答语是“Yes,there is/are.”;否定答语为“No,there isn't/aren't”.。
树上有两只猫吗?—Are there two cats in the tree?
是的,有。/不,没有。—Yes,there are./there aren't.
考点拓展 There be句型转换
(1)对句子主语提问(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用“What is+地点介词短语?”(无论主语是单数还是复数,be动词都用is)。
There are some birds in the tree.树上有一些鸟。
→What's in the tree?树上有什么?
(2)对可数名词(主语)的数量提问时,用 how many,结构为“How many+复数名词+ are there+其他?”。对不可数名词(主语)的数量提问时,用how much,结构为“How much+不可数名词+is there+其他?”。
There is a cat under the bed.床下有一只猫。
→How many cats are there under the bed?床下有多少只猫?
中考特殊考点 There be句型中,有几个并列的主语时,be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There is a boy and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩和两个妇女。
中考链接
—Excuse me.Is there a bank near here?
—___C___.It's just between my house and a post office.
A.Yes, it is B.No there isn't C.Yes, there is
十七. smell的用法
用法分析 smell做可数名词,意为“气味”;做不可数名词,意为“嗅觉”。
它闻起来不新鲜。有煤气味。It doesn’t smell fresh. There is a smell of gas.
要点拓展 smell做系动词,意为“闻起来;闻出”,后接形容词或名词。smell做实义动词,意为“闻到”
The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。
注意 表示感觉的系动词:smell闻起来;feel 感觉、集起来;sound听起来;taste老起来;look 看起来。其中 smell,sound,taste的主语只能是物;feel的主语可以是人,也可以是物。它们后面都接形容词故表语。
-Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
-I can’t believe it. They are beautiful and colorful. They ___B___ great.
A. sound B. smell C. taste
十八.enjoy的用法
用法分析 enjoy表示“享受……的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱”,后接名词/反身代词/动名词形式,不可接动词不定式,即enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快。
我爸爸和我都喜欢钓鱼。我们在河边玩得很高兴。My father and I enjoy fishing. We enjoy ourselves by the river.
当习近平主席有空闲时间的时候,他喜欢读书和运动。When President Xi Jinping has spare time, he enjoys reading and sports.
中考特殊考点
后接doing做宾语的动词
enjoy,finish,practice,mind,consider,miss
后接doing 做宾语的动词短语
be busy,look forward to,be used to;can't help,give up,feel like,keep on
Can you finish reading the book in three days?你能在三天内读完这本书吗?
中考链接 Some people enjoy ___C___ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent
十九.go的用法
用法分析 go做动词,意为“去,走”,其反义词为come,常用于“go to+地点名词”或“go+地点副词”结构。
让我们回家吧。Let's go home.
我每天骑自行车上学。I go to school by bike every day.
考点拓展(1)go后接v.-ing形式,表示“去做……”。
go shopping去购物
go fishing去钓鱼
go swimming去游泳
go skating去溜冰
go boating去划船
go camping去野营
(2)go for后接名词,表示“去……”。
Let's go for a picnic.让我们去野餐吧。
考题预测 用所给词的适当形式填空
I's hot today. Let's go ___swimming____(swim).
二十.best的用法
用法分析best最好的/地,是good/well最高级形式。best前面需要加定冠词the或名词所有格、形容词性物主代词。
她的书法是班上最好的。Her handwriting is the best in the class.
我最好的朋友是约翰。My best friend is John.
考点拓展better是good/well的比较级形式,意为“更好的;更好地”。
Mother is feeling much better today.妈妈今天觉得好多了。
中考链接
Tom is___A___best friend and I often help______ with his English.
A.my;him B.I;he C.my;he D.mine;his
二十一. divide...into...的用法
用法分析 divide...into...意为“把……分开;把……划分为”,其中divide为及物动词,意为“分开;分散”,也可用于被动语态中,即be divided into...,意为“被划分为……”。
这个国家被划分为50个州。This country is divided into fifty states.
要点辨析 divide,separate
divide
指把一个整体分为若干部分,常与into连用。
separate
指把原来在一起的个体分开,常与from连用。
The earth is divided into twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.地球被分为24个时区,每个时区相差一个小时。
England is separated from France by the channel.英国和法国之间隔着这个海峡。
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
The teacher will divide us into four groups to play the new game.
二十二.each 的用法
用法分析 each表示一定数目中的“每一个”,做主语时谓语用单数;做同位语时谓语用复数。
我们每人都有一本英语书。Each of us has an English book.
=We each have an English book.(each做同位语)
要点辨析 each,every
each
用于两者或两者以上,个别意义较重,表示各个不同,强调个人或个别。
可接of短语,every则不可;each还可做定语、状语,修饰单数名词。
every
表示数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”,表示“全体”意义,用于三者或三者以上。
every还可用于数词前,each则不能,如every five minutes(每5分钟)。
Each of his children goes to different schools.他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。
Every child must finish their homework on time.每个孩子必须按时完成作业。
Each of us ___A___ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
A. has B. have C. will have D. had
二十三.Last
last
at last
v.“持续”,不用于进行时。后常接for +一段时间,也可直接加一段时间。
adj.“最后的;上一个的”
= in the end = finally
最后
(1)We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班车。
(2)At last,we finished the job on time.最后,我们按时完成了工作。
二十四. play an important part in...的用法
用法分析 play an important part in表示“在……中扮演角色,在…….中起作用、影响”,相当于make a difference。
in后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
He was invited to play an important part in this TV play.他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。
We should play an important part in protecting the environment.我们应该在保护环境中起作用。
考题预测 Those people play an important part in ___C___ the winner.
A. decide B. decided C. deciding D. to decide
二十五.traditional的用法
用法分析 traditional形容词,意为“传统的;惯例的”,做表语或定语。
中国,春节的时候吃饺子是一种传统。Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is traditional in China.在
考点拓展 tradition名词,意为“传统;惯例”。
It is a tradition that the young look after the old in their family.在他们家,年轻人照顾长辈是一个传统。
固定搭配 in the tradition of具有……的风格,by tradition按照传统。
考题预测 It’s ___A___ in China to eat zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. Traditional B. impossible
C. Personal D. serious
二十六.celebrate的用法
用法分析 celebrate动词,意为“庆祝;庆贺”。
他们在庆祝汤姆的生日。They are celebrating Tom’s birthday.
考点拓展 celebration名词,意为“庆祝;庆祝会”。
二十七.such as的用法
用法分析 such as意为“诸如……的;像……这样的;例如”,接动词时用动名词形式。
我有许多兴趣,例如唱歌、跳舞、画画等。I have lots of interests, such as singing, dancing, drawing and so on.
考点拓展 for example也表示“例如”,一般是以同类事物或人中的一个为例,做插入语,不影响其他部分的语法关系。
生活中充满难题。例如我们就有些家庭问题。Life is full of problems. For example, we have some family problems.
考题预测 My sister has good eating habits. She likes vegetables ___D___ tomatoes and potatoes.
A. of course B. for example C. and so on D. such as
二十八.experience的用法
用法分析
experience
名词
经历
可数名词
经验
不可数名词
动词
经历,体验
请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America.
这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience.
我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip.
中考链接 –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing.
-Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ___A___ in doing it.
A. experience B. trouble C. courage
六.语法点背默
一.形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
扩充:句子成分
I play basketball.(主谓宾) She is pretty.(主系表)
主语:I,表示动作的发出者。
谓语:play(实义动词)表示干什么,is(系动词)表示是什么。
宾语:动作的承受者。I met my best friend Tom yesterday.
主语 谓语 定语 宾语 同位语 状语
表语:表示怎么样。
定语:修饰名词或者代词,表示...的
状语:说明何时,何地,何种方式。
宾语补足语:宾语的补充说明。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。
如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)
Do you want to go anywhere interesting?(定语后置)
多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:
限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+
新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词
those + three + beautiful + large + square+old + brown + wood + table
典型例题:
1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。
⑵作表语时放在系动词(be,感官看见)之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)
⑷后置的情况:
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)
The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)
一.单项选择
1.The Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
A.180 kilometer long B.180 kilometers long
C.180-kilometer-long D.180-kilometers-long
答案 C 句意:这条180千米长的连徐高铁今年对公众开放了。本题考查复合形容词。复合形容词中名词没有复数形式,词与词之间由连字符“-”连接。故选C。
知识拓展 180-kilometer-long与180 kilometers long 之间的区别:180-kilometer-long是复合形容词,在句中起修饰名词的作用,不能作表语;180 kilometers long位于系动词之后,作表语,不能作定语。
2.—How about the fruit salad?
—Yummy! It tastes very . By the way, who made it?
A.good B.bad C.well D.badly
答案 A 句意:——这水果沙拉怎么样?——很美味!尝起来很好。顺便问一下,谁做的?本题考查形容词的用法。根据Yummy可知,这沙拉很美味;taste为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。故选A项。
思路分析 本题考查了两个知识点:(1)连系动词后用形容词作表语,据此首先可排除D项。C项well作形容词时,常表示身体好;(2)形容词词义辨析。根据语境可判断,沙拉的味道是好的。
3.Wu Dajing, a Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A.25-years-old B.25 year old C.25-year-old D.25 years old
答案 C 句意:武大靖,一位25岁的中国滑冰运动员,去年在短道速滑世界杯比赛中创造了新的世界纪录。本题考查复合形容词。在这一结构中各词间用连字符隔开,并且名词用单数。故选C项。
4.“Reading Pavilion”, which entered Luhe Library this spring, has made it for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.
A.easy B.easier C.easily D.more easily
答案 B 句意:“朗读亭”今年春天走进六合图书馆,使得市民比以前更容易体验朗读的快乐。本题考查形容词的用法和比较级。make it easy to do sth.意为“使做某事容易”,形容词easy充当宾语补足语,所以先排除C、D两项;根据句中的than before可知,easy应用比较级,故选B。
知识拓展 形容词作宾补的还有以下类似结构:find it+adj.+to do sth., think it+adj.+to do sth.。
七.写作背默
“谈论天气”
本次写作涉及的话题是talk about the weather (谈论天气) , 此类文章的写作要求是介绍天气情况,即介绍一年四季的天气是什么样的,哪个季节寒冷,哪个季节暖和等。
——词汇积累:
windy, foggy, cloudy, humid, wet, dry, rainy, snowy, hot, cold, warm, spring, summer, autumn, winter...
——常用句型:
1. How’s the weather in Beijing?
2. How’s it going?
3. What do you think of the weather in Changchun?
4. It’s hot in your country, isn’t it?
5. What’s the weather like in Australia?
6. It’s snowing heavily.
7. It’s raining cats and dogs outside.
——实践写作:
假如你是李明,一位美国教师Mr. Brown准备来中国任教,他向你了解北京的天气情况。请你写一封信告诉他:北京的冬天很冷,尤其是在12月份和1月份;春季暖和,但是多风;夏季炎热,尤其是在7月份和8月份;秋季白天暖和,夜间凉爽。注意书信的格式,60词左右。
——思路点拨:
1. 引出话题,介绍天气:Welcome to Beijing..., tell you something about the weather in Beijing。
2. 具体介绍四季的天气变化:winter→cold; spring→warm and windy; summer→hot; autumn→cool。
3. 提出建议,期盼到来:When you... you’d better..., We are looking forward to...
——例文赏析:
Dear Mr. Brown,
Welcome to Beijing. My name is Li Ming. I’m in Class 2, Grade 7. You asked me about the weather in Beijing. Now let me tell you something about it here. It’s very cold in winter, especially in December and January. And it’s warm in spring, but sometimes its windy. In summer, it is very hot. July and August are the hottest months of a year. In autumn, the days are warm and the nights are cool. When you come here in winter, you’d better take your warmest clothes with you.
We’re looking forward to seeing you.
Yours,
Li Ming
假如你是李明,一位美国的老师Mr.Brown准备来中国任教,他向你打听北京的天气情况,请你写信告诉他,北京春天暖和多风,夏天炎热,可以游泳,有时候下大雨,秋天干燥凉爽,冬天冷,可以滑冰,有时候有风,不过下雪可以堆雪人。
信的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。80词左右。
Dear Mr.Brown,
Welcome to Beijing.____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to meeting you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
思路点拨
开篇点题
Welcome to...,tell you something about the weather
具体介绍
spring:short,warm, windy
summer:hot,go swimming,rains
autumn:ve ry dry and cool
winter:cold,snows,windy
make a snowman,go skating
期待见面
look forward to meeting you
范文赏析
Dear Mr.Brown ,
Welcome to Beijing.I am Li Ming.You want to know about the weather in Beijing.Now let me tell you something about the weather here.
In Beijing,spring is usually short and warm.But it is often windy.In summer,it's very hot.You can go swimming.But it sometimes rains heavily.In autumn,it's very dry and cool.In winter,it's very cold,and sometimes it snows and there is strong wind. So children like the season.They can make a snowman with their friends.They can also go skating.
I am looking forward to meeting you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
名师点评
本文用词准确,重点突出,层次分明,条理清晰。
1.开篇点题,welcome to使用恰当,导入介绍天气。
2.结构层次分明。话题引入→四季天气介绍→期待见面。
3.按季节顺序介绍,条理清晰。
4.描述天气的词汇运用恰到好处。
5.结尾惑情真挚,体现作者较强的语言运用能力。
$$【同步100分背默】Unit3 The seasons知识清单
一.重点词汇背默
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1. n.脚印;足迹
2. adj.潮湿的
3. adj.深的
4. adj.铺满沙子的;含沙的
5. v.踢;踹
6. n.镇;市镇
7. n.特色;特征
8. n.南;南方
9. adj.晴朗的
10. adv.喧闹地;响亮地
11. n.雷声
12. n.闪电
13 adj.新鲜的
14. v.采集(植物、水果等)
15. adj.安静的;平静的
16. n.蛇
17. prep.自始至终;从头到尾
18. n.区域;地区
19. n.文章
20. n.原因;理由
21. adj.有生气;有活力
22.* n.沙堡
23. v.按··方式发展
24. v.(使)分开
25. v.对··作出抉择;决定
26.* n.庄稼;作物
27. n.文化;文明
28. adj.地方的;当地的
29. n.传统
30. v.持续;继续存在
二.重点词汇拓展
1. deep adj.深的;厚的 深深地;在深处 浅的
2. south n.南,南方 adj.向南的 北方 南部的,南方的
3. clear adj.清晰的;明亮的;清楚的 清晰地;明亮地;清楚地→ 把……清空;清理;丢掉
4. peace n.和平,宁静 和平的,宁静的
5. divide v.分,划分→ 把……分成……
6. decide v.决定;下决心 → 作出决定→ .决定做某事
7. culture n.文化;文明 与文化有关的;文化的
8. continue v.继续→ 继续做某事 .
9. rain n.雨,雨水 v.下雨 多雨的
10. snow v.下雪 n.雪 下雪的;多雪的
11. sun n.太阳 晴朗的,阳光充足的→ 在太阳下
12. wind n.风 有风的,多风的
13. swim v.游泳,游 游泳→ 去游泳
14. shelf n.架子,搁板,隔层 → 在架子上
15. succeed v.成功 成功 成功的,有成就的 成功地→ .成功做某事
三.重点短语背默
1. 节气
2. 野餐
3. 耕种土地
4. 去旅行
5. 事实上
6. 被划分成..
7. 以...为基础.
8. 在..上发挥重要作用
9. 去海滩
10. 在海里游泳
11. 冰淇淋
12. 电闪雷鸣
13. 全家一起远足
14. 准备
15. 让我保持凉爽
16. 在晴朗的日子里
17. 有时间做某事
18. 无疑;肯定
19. 二十四节气
20. 把..分成..
21. 基于.
22. 以..开始
23. 在...起着重要的作用
24. 不同的方式
25. 春卷
26. 春饼
四.重点句子背默
1.There are in a year, and each season has its .一年有四季,每一季都有自己的特色。
2.Life again in . The snow melts, and nature after the long winter. 生命在春天又重新开始了。雪融化了,大自然在漫长的冬天之后醒来。
3.Plants , and birds from the south. 植物开始生长,鸟类从南方回来。
4. new life and new hope. 这是一个充满新生命和新希望的时代。
5.It is in the countryside in springtime. 春天到乡村去旅行是很令人兴奋的。
6.Summer is . 夏天明亮而嘈杂。
7.The sun in the clear, blue sky. 阳光明亮地照耀在清澈、湛蓝的天空中。
8.There is often in the afternoon. 下午经常有雷电声。
9.It is nice to eat or in summer. 在夏天吃冰淇淋或新鲜水果很好的。
10.Autumn is . 秋天美丽美丽,色彩鲜艳。
11.In autumn, everything . Leaves brown, red or yellow and start the trees. 在秋天,一切都变了。叶子变成棕色、红色或黄色,并开始从树上掉下来。
12.Farmers the harvest. 农民们正忙于收割。
13.It is great to at this time of year. 每年的这个时候全家外出是很棒的。
14.Children they love to play in the snow. 孩子们喜欢冬天是因为他们喜欢在雪地里玩耍。
15.I my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友们一起去游泳。
16.I also in the park with my best friend. 我也喜欢和我最好的朋友一起去公园跑步。
17.It is great to in summer, and it is nice to eat ice cream a hot day. 夏天在户外运动很好,在炎热的日子里吃冰淇淋也很好。
18.Summer is ! 夏天肯定是最好的!
19. , the year 24 parts, based on where the sun is in the sky. 事实上,根据太阳在天空中的位置,这一年被分为24个部分。
20.These solar terms . 这些太阳术语遵循季节和天气的变化。
21. of the seasons is then divided into six , and each part about 15 days. 每个季节被分成六个部分,每个部分持续大约15天。
22.The solar terms can . 太阳系的术语可以落在不同的日期。
23.The 24 solar terms are very . 这24个太阳术语在日常生活中非常有用。
24.The solar terms also . 太阳术语在中国传统文化中也起着重要作用。
25.People these days , such as eating special local dishes. 过去,人们用不同的方式庆祝,比如吃当地的当地菜肴。
26.For , people still eat spring is rolls and to the"Start of Spring". 例如,人们仍然吃春天是面包卷和春天煎饼来庆祝“春天的开始”。
27.As our planet the Sun, the light from the Sun the Earth from
. 当我们的行星绕着太阳移动时,来自太阳的光从不同的方向落在地球上。
28. of year, there is in some places, and less sunlight . 在一年中的不同时间,一些地方的阳光更多,而另一些地方的阳光更少。
29.More sunlight longer days and warmer weather, and we have spring and summer. 更多的阳光意味着更长的日子和更温暖的天气,这就是为什么我们有春天和夏天。
30.It colder in autumn and winter because the days are , and
we from the Sun.秋天和冬天会变冷,因为白天更短,我们得到的光线也更少
五.易错点记忆
一.wake的用法
用法分析woke是wake的过去式。wake做不及物动词“醒来”,wake up意为“使……醒来,叫醒……”,后接人称代词宾格时,要放在 wake up中间。
I wake up at the same time every morning.我每天早上在同一时间醒来。
She is asleep,but I'll wake her up.她睡着了,不过我将把她叫醒。
考点拓展 awake做形容词“醒着的”,一般只做表语,不做定语。
Is the baby awake or asleep?这个婴儿醒了还是睡着了?
考题预测
,Bill!It's time to go to school.
A.Wake up B.Look up C.Make up D.Put up
二.it做形式主语的用法
用法分析 这里it是形式主语,后面的不定式短语to have cake on your birthday是真正的主语。It's+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。
保持水质清洁是很重要的。It's important to keep the water clean.
我们很难回答这些问题。It is very hard for us to answer the questions.
中考链接
—Could I go swimming with my friend,dad?
—No,it's very dangerous for you kids swimming without adults.
A.go B.going C.to go D.went
三.exciting的用法
用法分析 exciting为形容词,意为“令人激动的,振奋人心的”,可用作表语或定语,其主语或所修饰的名词多为“事”或“物”。
这消息激动人心。The news is exciting.
这是一部令人兴奋的电影。This is an exciting film.
考点辨析 excited,exciting,excitement
excited
形容词
感到兴奋的,主语一般是人。
exciting
令人兴奋的,其主语多为物,做表语或定语。
excitement
名词
“激动;兴奋”,to one's excitement使某人兴奋的是。
The students are excited about the results of the exams.学生们对考试成绩感到非常兴奋。
There is some exciting news in today's newspaper.今天的报纸上有一些鼓舞人心的消息。
Skiing is very exciting.滑雪非常令人兴奋。
To my excitement,I got the first prize.让我兴奋的是,我得了一等奖。
考点拓展 人做主语的形容词:interested,surprised,relaxed,amazed,bored,moved, excited。主语为事物或做定语的形容词:interesting,surprising,relaxing,amazing, boring,moving,exciting。
中考链接
We are about the______ news that Beijing will hold the Winter Olympics in 2022.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;excited C.excited;excite
四.loudly的用法
用法分析 loudly意为“大声地;响亮地”,放在所修饰的动词前、后都可。more loudly是loudly的比较级形式。
她不喜欢在公众场合大声谈笑。She does not like to talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
不要这么大声地吹小号!Don’t play the trumpet so loudly!
注意 friendly虽然以-1y结尾,但是它是形容词,比较级是friendlier或more friendly。
考题预测 We shouldn’t speak in our classroom.
A. truly B. loudly C. clearly D. carefully
五. leaf的用法
用法分析 leaf为名词,意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。
You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。
要点拓展 以f,fe结尾的名词变复数:
wife→wives妻子
将f,fe变为v再加-es
leaf→leaves叶子
life→lives生命
shelf→shelves架子
thief→thieves小偷
scarf→scarves围巾
wolf→wolves狼
knife→knives刀
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn (树叶)。
六. fall 的用法
用法分析 fall from在本句中意为“从....摔倒”,该短语为“动词+副词”结构,为不及物动词短语,不能直接跟宾语。=fall down from意为“从…….摔下”。
老妇人摔倒了,摔断了腿。The old lady fell down and broke her leg.
考点辨析 fall down, fall off
fall down
意为“倒下”,强调“在平面摔倒;倒下”。
fall of
意为“跌落”,强调“从某处掉了下来”,相当于fall down from。
When the little girl ran across the street, she fell down.当那个小女孩跑过街道时,她摔倒了。
He fell off the bike and broke his legs.他从自行车上摔了下来,摔断了腿。
七.busy的用法
用法分析 busy形容词,意为“忙碌的”,反义词为free(空闲的)。 be busy doing sth.忙着做某事,be busy with sth.忙于做某事,with后要接名词性的词或短语.
他正忙于做作业。He is busy doing his homework.
=He is busy with his homework.
考点拓展 be busy在打电话用语中是指占线。
Sorry,the line is busy;please call back late!对不起,电话占线。请您稍后再拨!
中考链接
The workers are busy windows to the new building these days.
A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.to fix
八.had better
had better
had better do sth.
had better not do sth.
最好
最好做某事
最好不做某事
1.You talk in class.你最好不要在课堂上说话。
2.A: Tom do it like that?Tom最好应该那样做吗?
B:No,he .不,他不应该。
九.bring的用法
用法分析bring表示把某物带到某地来。常见的固定搭配是:bring sth.to sb.=bring sb.sth.,表示“把某物带给某人”;bring good luck to...意为“给……带来好运”。
请给我端一杯茶。Please bring a cup of tea to me.
=Please bring me a cup of tea.
这朵花会给你带来好运。The flower will bring good luck to you.
十.an umbrella
an的用法
判断一个词前用a还是an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。
在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。
要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时前用an,如:an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy;当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如:a university,a useful book。
十一.“名词+后缀-y”构成的形容词
名词
形容词
名词
形容词
rain n.雨
rainy adj.多雨的
sun n.阳光
sunny adj.晴朗的
wind n.风
windy adj.多风的
cloud n.云
cloudy adj.多云的
用法分析 rain做动词时,意为“下雨”;做名词时,意为“雨”。
外面雨下得很大。Come in. It is raining heavily outside.
注意 雨的大小可用heavy rain(大雨),light rain(小雨),fine rain(毛毛细雨)来表达,切忌用large或small来表达。
中考链接
We can collect rainwater when it rains , and use it to water plants.
A. softly B. heavily C. noisily D. quietly
十二.复合不定代词everything,anything,something和nothing
nothing
没有什么东西(常与单数形式的谓语动词连用)
something
一些东西(常用于肯定句中)
在表示请求的疑问句中如果希望获得肯定回答,要用something而不是anything.
anything
一些东西(常用于否定句或者疑问句中)
everything
每一样东西(常与单数形式的谓语动词连用)
用everything,anything,something或nothing填空。
(1) unhappy happened between us.我们之间发生了一些不开心的事。
(2)There is in the box.没有东西在箱子里。
(3)Do you want to eat?你想要一些吃的吗?
(4)There isn’t new in the newspaper today.今天的报纸里没有什么新鲜事。
(5) here is wonderful for her.这里的每一样东西对于她而言都很奇妙。
十三. lively的用法
要点辨析 lively,alive,living,live
lively
表示“生气勃勃的,活泼的”,可修饰人或物,用作定语或表语。
alive
表示“活着的”,可以修饰人或动植物,常做表语、宾语补足语或后置定语。
living
表示“活着的”,修饰人或物,常做表语或定语。做表语时相当于alive。the living表示“活着的人”,做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
live
表示“活的,有精神的,现场直播的”,此时读作/laɪv/,可修饰人或物,一般只做前置定语。
Who is the lively girl in the picture?照片中那个活泼的女孩是谁?
Even though we’re in difficult times, we need to keep hope alive.即使我们处在困难时期,我们也需要保持活下去的希望。
The living are more important to us than the dead.活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。
This is a live fish.这是一条活鱼。
【新题速递】-Mr. Black always makes his class and keeps his students interested in class.
-What a successful teacher he is!
A. boring B. lovely C. slowly D. lively
十四.help的用法
用法分析 help(sb.)with sth.在某方面帮助(某人);帮助某人做某事,with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.(to) do sth.。
她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English.=She often helps me with my English.
考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。
Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下,她通过了考试。
固定搭配
help的固定搭配
can't help doing
忍不住/禁不住做……
help oneself to
随便吃/喝……
I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish!请随便吃点鱼吧!
考题预测
Ann often helps me my math after school.
A.for B.with C.on D.by
十五.keep的用法
用法分析keep及物动词“保持;保留”,“keep+sb./ sth.+adj.”意为“使……处于某种状态”。
我们应该保持教室干净整洁。We should keep the classroom clean and tidy.
考点拓展(1)keep做系动词,后接形容词。
Keep quiet in the library.在图书馆里保持安静。
(2)keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事。
Don't keep your mother waiting so long.不要让你母亲久等。
(3)keep做“借”,是延续性动词,和一段时间连用。
You can keep the book for a week.这本书你能借一周时间。
中考链接
My little brother is a tidy boy. He always keeps his room .
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.cleaned
十六.There be句型一般疑问句的用法
用法分析 There be句型一般疑问句:把be动词提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号。其肯定答语是“Yes,there is/are.”;否定答语为“No,there isn't/aren't”.。
树上有两只猫吗?—Are there two cats in the tree?
是的,有。/不,没有。—Yes,there are./there aren't.
考点拓展 There be句型转换
(1)对句子主语提问(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用“What is+地点介词短语?”(无论主语是单数还是复数,be动词都用is)。
There are some birds in the tree.树上有一些鸟。
→What's in the tree?树上有什么?
(2)对可数名词(主语)的数量提问时,用 how many,结构为“How many+复数名词+ are there+其他?”。对不可数名词(主语)的数量提问时,用how much,结构为“How much+不可数名词+is there+其他?”。
There is a cat under the bed.床下有一只猫。
→How many cats are there under the bed?床下有多少只猫?
中考特殊考点 There be句型中,有几个并列的主语时,be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There is a boy and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩和两个妇女。
中考链接
—Excuse me.Is there a bank near here?
— .It's just between my house and a post office.
A.Yes, it is B.No there isn't C.Yes, there is
十七. smell的用法
用法分析 smell做可数名词,意为“气味”;做不可数名词,意为“嗅觉”。
它闻起来不新鲜。有煤气味。It doesn’t smell fresh. There is a smell of gas.
要点拓展 smell做系动词,意为“闻起来;闻出”,后接形容词或名词。smell做实义动词,意为“闻到”
The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。
注意 表示感觉的系动词:smell闻起来;feel 感觉、集起来;sound听起来;taste老起来;look 看起来。其中 smell,sound,taste的主语只能是物;feel的主语可以是人,也可以是物。它们后面都接形容词故表语。
-Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
-I can’t believe it. They are beautiful and colorful. They great.
A. sound B. smell C. taste
十八.enjoy的用法
用法分析 enjoy表示“享受……的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱”,后接名词/反身代词/动名词形式,不可接动词不定式,即enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快。
我爸爸和我都喜欢钓鱼。我们在河边玩得很高兴。My father and I enjoy fishing. We enjoy ourselves by the river.
当习近平主席有空闲时间的时候,他喜欢读书和运动。When President Xi Jinping has spare time, he enjoys reading and sports.
中考特殊考点
后接doing做宾语的动词
enjoy,finish,practice,mind,consider,miss
后接doing 做宾语的动词短语
be busy,look forward to,be used to;can't help,give up,feel like,keep on
Can you finish reading the book in three days?你能在三天内读完这本书吗?
中考链接 Some people enjoy out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent
十九.go的用法
用法分析 go做动词,意为“去,走”,其反义词为come,常用于“go to+地点名词”或“go+地点副词”结构。
让我们回家吧。Let's go home.
我每天骑自行车上学。I go to school by bike every day.
考点拓展(1)go后接v.-ing形式,表示“去做……”。
go shopping去购物
go fishing去钓鱼
go swimming去游泳
go skating去溜冰
go boating去划船
go camping去野营
(2)go for后接名词,表示“去……”。
Let's go for a picnic.让我们去野餐吧。
考题预测 用所给词的适当形式填空
I's hot today. Let's go (swim).
二十.best的用法
用法分析best最好的/地,是good/well最高级形式。best前面需要加定冠词the或名词所有格、形容词性物主代词。
她的书法是班上最好的。Her handwriting is the best in the class.
我最好的朋友是约翰。My best friend is John.
考点拓展better是good/well的比较级形式,意为“更好的;更好地”。
Mother is feeling much better today.妈妈今天觉得好多了。
中考链接
Tom is best friend and I often help______ with his English.
A.my;him B.I;he C.my;he D.mine;his
二十一. divide...into...的用法
用法分析 divide...into...意为“把……分开;把……划分为”,其中divide为及物动词,意为“分开;分散”,也可用于被动语态中,即be divided into...,意为“被划分为……”。
这个国家被划分为50个州。This country is divided into fifty states.
要点辨析 divide,separate
divide
指把一个整体分为若干部分,常与into连用。
separate
指把原来在一起的个体分开,常与from连用。
The earth is divided into twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.地球被分为24个时区,每个时区相差一个小时。
England is separated from France by the channel.英国和法国之间隔着这个海峡。
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
The teacher will us into four groups to play the new game.
二十二.each 的用法
用法分析 each表示一定数目中的“每一个”,做主语时谓语用单数;做同位语时谓语用复数。
我们每人都有一本英语书。Each of us has an English book.
=We each have an English book.(each做同位语)
要点辨析 each,every
each
用于两者或两者以上,个别意义较重,表示各个不同,强调个人或个别。
可接of短语,every则不可;each还可做定语、状语,修饰单数名词。
every
表示数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”,表示“全体”意义,用于三者或三者以上。
every还可用于数词前,each则不能,如every five minutes(每5分钟)。
Each of his children goes to different schools.他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。
Every child must finish their homework on time.每个孩子必须按时完成作业。
Each of us a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
A. has B. have C. will have D. had
二十三.Last
last
at last
v.“持续”,不用于进行时。后常接for +一段时间,也可直接加一段时间。
adj.“最后的;上一个的”
= in the end = finally
最后
(1)We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班车。
(2)At last,we finished the job on time.最后,我们按时完成了工作。
二十四. play an important part in...的用法
用法分析 play an important part in表示“在……中扮演角色,在…….中起作用、影响”,相当于make a difference。
in后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
He was invited to play an important part in this TV play.他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。
We should play an important part in protecting the environment.我们应该在保护环境中起作用。
考题预测 Those people play an important part in the winner.
A. decide B. decided C. deciding D. to decide
二十五.traditional的用法
用法分析 traditional形容词,意为“传统的;惯例的”,做表语或定语。
中国,春节的时候吃饺子是一种传统。Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is traditional in China.在
考点拓展 tradition名词,意为“传统;惯例”。
It is a tradition that the young look after the old in their family.在他们家,年轻人照顾长辈是一个传统。
固定搭配 in the tradition of具有……的风格,by tradition按照传统。
考题预测 It’s in China to eat zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. Traditional B. impossible
C. Personal D. serious
二十六.celebrate的用法
用法分析 celebrate动词,意为“庆祝;庆贺”。
他们在庆祝汤姆的生日。They are celebrating Tom’s birthday.
考点拓展 celebration名词,意为“庆祝;庆祝会”。
二十七.such as的用法
用法分析 such as意为“诸如……的;像……这样的;例如”,接动词时用动名词形式。
我有许多兴趣,例如唱歌、跳舞、画画等。I have lots of interests, such as singing, dancing, drawing and so on.
考点拓展 for example也表示“例如”,一般是以同类事物或人中的一个为例,做插入语,不影响其他部分的语法关系。
生活中充满难题。例如我们就有些家庭问题。Life is full of problems. For example, we have some family problems.
考题预测 My sister has good eating habits. She likes vegetables tomatoes and potatoes.
A. of course B. for example C. and so on D. such as
二十八.experience的用法
用法分析
experience
名词
经历
可数名词
经验
不可数名词
动词
经历,体验
请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America.
这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience.
我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip.
中考链接 –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing.
-Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of in doing it.
A. experience B. trouble C. courage
六.语法点背默
一.形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
扩充:句子成分
I play basketball.(主谓宾) She is pretty.(主系表)
主语:I,表示动作的发出者。
谓语:play(实义动词)表示干什么,is(系动词)表示是什么。
宾语:动作的承受者。I met my best friend Tom yesterday.
主语 谓语 定语 宾语 同位语 状语
表语:表示怎么样。
定语:修饰名词或者代词,表示...的
状语:说明何时,何地,何种方式。
宾语补足语:宾语的补充说明。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。
如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)
Do you want to go anywhere interesting?(定语后置)
多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:
限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+
新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词
those + three + beautiful + large + square+old + brown + wood + table
典型例题:
1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。
⑵作表语时放在系动词(be,感官看见)之后。
如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。
如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)
⑷后置的情况:
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。
如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)
The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)
一.单项选择
1.The Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
A.180 kilometer long B.180 kilometers long
C.180-kilometer-long D.180-kilometers-long
2.—How about the fruit salad?
—Yummy! It tastes very . By the way, who made it?
A.good B.bad C.well D.badly
3.Wu Dajing, a Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A.25-years-old B.25 year old C.25-year-old D.25 years old
4.“Reading Pavilion”, which entered Luhe Library this spring, has made it for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.
A.easy B.easier C.easily D.more easily
七.写作背默
“谈论天气”
本次写作涉及的话题是talk about the weather (谈论天气) , 此类文章的写作要求是介绍天气情况,即介绍一年四季的天气是什么样的,哪个季节寒冷,哪个季节暖和等。
——词汇积累:
windy, foggy, cloudy, humid, wet, dry, rainy, snowy, hot, cold, warm, spring, summer, autumn, winter...
——常用句型:
1. How’s the weather in Beijing?
2. How’s it going?
3. What do you think of the weather in Changchun?
4. It’s hot in your country, isn’t it?
5. What’s the weather like in Australia?
6. It’s snowing heavily.
7. It’s raining cats and dogs outside.
——实践写作:
假如你是李明,一位美国教师Mr. Brown准备来中国任教,他向你了解北京的天气情况。请你写一封信告诉他:北京的冬天很冷,尤其是在12月份和1月份;春季暖和,但是多风;夏季炎热,尤其是在7月份和8月份;秋季白天暖和,夜间凉爽。注意书信的格式,60词左右。
——思路点拨:
1. 引出话题,介绍天气:Welcome to Beijing..., tell you something about the weather in Beijing。
2. 具体介绍四季的天气变化:winter→cold; spring→warm and windy; summer→hot; autumn→cool。
3. 提出建议,期盼到来:When you... you’d better..., We are looking forward to...
——例文赏析:
Dear Mr. Brown,
Welcome to Beijing. My name is Li Ming. I’m in Class 2, Grade 7. You asked me about the weather in Beijing._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ming
假如你是李明,一位美国的老师Mr.Brown准备来中国任教,他向你打听北京的天气情况,请你写信告诉他,北京春天暖和多风,夏天炎热,可以游泳,有时候下大雨,秋天干燥凉爽,冬天冷,可以滑冰,有时候有风,不过下雪可以堆雪人。
信的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。80词左右。
Dear Mr.Brown,
Welcome to Beijing.____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to meeting you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
$$