内容正文:
【同步100分背默】Unit1 Friendship知识清单
一.重点词汇背默
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1.guitar n.吉他
2.honest adj.诚实的
3.patient adj.有耐心的
4.improve v.改进;改善
5.confident adj.自信的;有自信心的
6.courage n.勇气;胆量
7.friendship n.友谊;朋友关系
8.admiration n.钦佩;赞赏
9.respect n.尊敬;尊重
10.support n.支持;鼓励
11.trust n.信任;信赖
12.survey n.调查
13.personal adj.个性的
14.quality n.品质;品德
15.caring adj.关心他人的;体贴人的
16.describe v.描述;形容
17.appearance n.外貌
18.straight adj.直的
19.dark 褐色的;乌黑的
20.same adj.同一的;相同的
21.basic adj.基本的;基础的
22.thought n.想法
23.however adv.然而; 不过
24.glad adj.高兴的;愉快的
25.rise v.上升
26.end n.结局
27.heart n.心
二.重点词汇拓展
1.honest adj.诚实的,正直的dishonest 不诚实的,不正直的→an honest boy一个诚实的孩子→to be honest说实话tell the truth
2.patient adj.有耐心的,容忍的 n.病人patience 耐心→be patient with对……有耐心
3.courage n.勇气;胆略encourage鼓励→encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
4.friend n.朋友 friendly友好的friendship友谊→make friends交朋友→be friendly to对……友好→girlfriend女朋友
5.person n.人peoplepersonal 个人的,私人的→in person亲自;私自
6.care v.介意;关心careful认真的;小心的;谨慎的careless粗心的;大意的carefully认真地;小心地;谨慎地carelessly粗心地;大意地→care for/about关心;担心→be careful of当心……;小心……→take care of照顾;照看look after
7.dark adj.黑暗的bright明亮的→on a dark night在一个漆黑的夜晚adj.深色的light浅色的→dark green 深绿色
8.describe v.描写,叙述description 描写,叙述
9.think v.思考,考虑,想thought思想,想法
10.end n.& v.末尾;终点;结束;终止ending结局→at the end of在……尽头→in the end of在……末尾→by the end of到……末为止→in the end最后at last→end up以……结束
三.重点短语背默
1.medium height中等身高
2.be good at 擅长.
3.turn to somebody for help 助于某人
4.after school放学后
5.be willing to do something愿意做某事
6.thanks to幸亏;由于;因为
7.count on依靠(某人做某事)
8.modern dance现代舞
9.take care of照顾;照料
10.watch over照管;监督
11.rise into上升到
12.cry out大叫;叫喊
13.cry oneself to sleep哭着入睡
14.wake up 醒;醒来
15.come and go 来去
16.take somebody's place替代某人
17.come along 出现
18.ride a bicycle骑自行车
19.play the guitar弹吉他
20.paint pictures绘画
21.read books阅读
22.play basketball打篮球
23.do crossword puzzles做填字游戏
24.play football踢足球
25.think of想起
26.Nothing in life was as important.生活中没有什么比这更重要了。
27.rise into (the air)升到(天空中)
28.wake up(= be awake)醒来
29.as the months and years came and went月复一月,年复一年
30.take one's place(=take the place of sb.=replace)替代某人
四.重点句子背默
1.What is your new friend like?你的新朋友喜欢什么样子?
2.Li Hua is helpful and patient. He is also good at maths. 李先生乐于助人,很有耐心。他也很擅长数学。
3.When I meet difficult maths problems, I turn to him for help. 当我遇到困难的数学问题时,我就会向他寻求帮助。
4.When something interesting happens to me, I share my happiness with him. 当一些有趣的事情发生在我身上时,我就和他分享我的快乐。
5.When one of us feels sad, we tell the other one and this makes us feel better. 当我们中的一个感到悲伤时,我们会告诉另一个,这让我们感觉更好。
6.We really like doing things together. Li Hua loves playing ping-pong with me after school. 我们真的很喜欢一起做事。李先生喜欢放学后和我打乒乓球。
7.It's fun to play with a good player like you, he says. 他说:“和像你这样的好球员一起打球很有趣。
8.With his help, my maths has improved a lot. 在他的帮助下,我的数学提高了很多。
9.I am also more confident now, and I have the courage to try new things. 我现在也更自信了,我有勇气尝试新事物。
10.My parents also tell me that I am more open and willing to help than before. 我的父母也告诉我,我比以前更开放和更愿意提供帮助。
11.Close friends can really help us in our lives! 亲密的朋友真的可以帮助我们的生活!
12.My friendship with Li Hua teaches me that friends count on each other for love, admiration, respect and support. Friendships are not only about having fun,but also about love, honesty, understanding and trust. 我和李先生的友谊告诉我,朋友们互相依靠爱、钦佩、尊重和支持。友谊不仅是一种乐趣,也是一种爱、诚实、理解和信任。
13.Every day after school, she sings her favourite songs to me. 每天放学后,她都会给我唱她最喜欢的歌。
14.She is very confident and does not mind singing in front of lots of people! 她很自信,不介意在很多人面前唱歌!
15.She wants to be a singer one day! Jake also likes music. 她想有一天能成为一名歌手!杰克也喜欢音乐。
16.He plays the piano for an hour every evening. 他每天晚上弹钢琴一小时。
17.When I feel sad, she is always there to help me and cheer me up.当我感到难过时,她总是在那里帮助我,让我高兴起来。
18.I think she is lovely. She is good at dancing and likes modern dance. 我觉得她很可爱。她擅长跳舞,也喜欢现代舞。
19.I can trust her and I share my thoughts with her. 我可以信任她,我也可以和她分享我的想法。
20.It is wonderful to have such a good friend. 能有这么一个好朋友真是太好了。
21.For Wilbur, nothing in life was as important. He waited patiently for the big day to come. 对威尔伯来说,生活中没有什么是最重要的。他耐心地等待着这个大日子的到来。
22.This felt like the end of the world to Wilbur. 这对威尔伯来说就像是世界末日了。
23.When he woke up, there were three small spiders on the wall.当他醒来时,墙上有三只小蜘蛛。
24.As the months and years came and went, he was never without friends. 随着日复一日,他从不没有朋友。
25.He loved her children and grandchildren, but they could never take her place in his heart. 他爱着她的孩子和孙子孙女们,但他们永远无法在他的心中取代她的位置。
26.It is not often that a true friend like her comes along. 像她这样的真正的朋友并不经常出现。
五.易错点记忆
一.What... be like?的用法
What +be +主语+like?也可以用来询问外貌,但更侧重问人的品格。
—What is your mother like?你母亲如何?
—She’s very kind. 她很友善。
拓展
1. 常用“What + do / does + sb. + look like?”。助动词用do还是does取决于主语人称和数的变化:主语是第三人称单数或单数名词时,用does;主语是其他人称或复数名词时,用do。
What does your sister look like? 你姐姐长什么样?
What do her parents look like? 她父母长什么样?、
辨析
look like与be like
look like
看起来像
指外观或外貌上长得像
be like
看起来像
指人的性格、人品像
中考链接
—_____________?
—He is of medium build and has straight hair.
A.What does his uncle do B.What does his uncle look like
C.What can his uncle do D.What is his uncle doing
【答案】B
【解析】我们可用“问答呼应法”解答本题。A项意为“他叔叔是干什么的?”;B项意为“他叔叔长什么样?”;C项意为“他叔叔能做什么?”;D项意为“他叔叔正在做什么?”。由答语句意“他中等身材,留着直发”可知,问句是询问长相,故选B。
二.like的用法
like意为"喜欢,喜爱",用作及物动词,后面可跟三种结构:
(1) like somebody or something表示"喜欢某人或某事"。
I like him very much.我非常喜欢他。
He doesn’t like salad.他不喜欢沙拉。
(2) like to do something or doing something表示"喜欢做某事"。
We like playing basketball. 我们喜欢打篮球。
The boy likes to play computer games. 那个男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
表示爱好或经常性的情况时,多用like doing something,表示一次性或尚未发生的动作或对某次具体活动的爱好时,用like to do something。
He likes playing football, but he doesn’t like to play football today. 他喜欢踢足球,但他不喜欢今天踢足球。
(3) like somebody to do something 表示"喜欢某人去做某事"。
Miss Wang likes us to ask her questions in class.王老师喜欢我们在课堂上问她问题。
三.make的用法
用法分析make做动词,意为“使成为;制造”。make friends交朋友,make friends with sb.和某人交朋友。
He will make a kite for me.他将给我做个风筝。
I want to make friends with you.我想和你交朋友。
考点拓展make做使役动词,意为“使;让”,make sb.do sth.使/让某人做某事,后面是省略to的不定式。
The boss often makes him work ten hours a day.老板经常让他一天工作10个小时。
固定搭配
make tea沏茶
make的短语
make one's bed收拾床铺
make money赚钱
make a mistake犯错误
make faces做鬼脸
make a noise吵闹
考题预测
—You look so tired.
—My mother makes me___A___the housework for 2 hours every day.
A.do B.to do C.doing D.does
四.be good at的用法
be good at(doing)sth.意为“擅长(做)某事”,相当于do well in,后都接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
be good to表示“对……好/和善/慈爱”,good相当于friendly。
Some of us are good at swimming.我们中有些人擅长游泳。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
中考链接 Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)B
A. do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for
五.something interesting
形容词修饰不定代词的用法
用法分析 something interesting有趣的东西,当形容词修饰不定代词(含有-thing;-body;-one),如something,anything…;somebody…;someone…等时,形容词后置。
你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗?Did you hear anything interesting there?
考点拓展 else修饰不定代词或疑问词(who,what等),else要后置;enough修饰形容词或副词,enough后置。
考题预测 –Listen! It is quiet in the classroom. Is there ___B___ else in it?
—No, it is empty. ______ is having an experiment in the laboratory.
A. anyone;Anyone B. anyone;Everyone
C. everyone;Anyone D. everyone;Everyone
六.feel的用法
feel的用法
feel做系动词时,后接形容词做表语;做实义动词时,是感官动词,其后可接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,即:feel sb. /sth.do sth.(感觉某人/某物做某事),feel sb. /sth.doing sth.感觉某人/某物正在做某事。
I feel relaxed after the test.考试后我觉得很放松。
I felt the houses shake in Wenchuan.我感到房子在摇晃。
I can feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹到我的脸上。
七.make sb.do sth.的用法
用法分析 “make sb.do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”。do sth.是省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
老师让安把她的书拿回来。The teacher made Ann get her book back.
考点拓展 接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的词:
“一感”(feel);“二听”(hear,listen to);“三使”(make,let,have);“四看”(see,watch,notice,observe);“半帮助”(help,to可以加,也可以省略)。
以上词在主动句里to走开,被动句里to回来。
I heard her sing in the next room just now.刚才我听到她在隔壁唱歌。
The boss made his workers work twelve hours a day.
=The workers were made to work twelve hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作12个小时。
考题预测 Too much work made us ___C___ tired.
A. feeling B. feels C. feel D. felt
八.the other的用法
“其他”各不同
one...the other
一个……另一个
another
(三者或三者以上)的“另一个”
some...others
一些……,另一些(并非全部)……
some...the others
一些……,另一些(剩下的全部)……
each other
互相,彼此
I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.我有两支钢笔。一支红的,另一支是蓝的。
These pears are quite delicious. Would you like another one?这些梨很好吃。你想再来一个吗?
Look!Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.看!一些人在照相,还有些人躺在沙滩上。(还有做其他事情的人)
There are twenty pencils in my box. Five are yours, the others are mine.在我的盒子里有20支铅笔。有5支是你的,其余的都是我的。
We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。
考题预测 In that class, only 20 are boys, ___D__ are girls.
A. others B. other C. the other D. the others
九.“It is +形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
“It is +形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
用法分析“It is+形容词(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是…的”,sb.为宾格代词或名词。
学好英语对我来说是必要的。It is necessary for me to study English well.
难点突破 for和of的选择取决于前面的形容词。形容词是描述事物的词(如necessary,difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等),用for sb.,如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice,clever,foolish等),用of sb.。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
中考链接 -Could I go swimming with my friend, dad?
-No, it’s very dangerous for you kids ___C___ swimming without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
十.not only...but(also)...
not only...but(also)...不但……而且……;
考点拓展 either...or...或者……或者……;neither...nor..既不……也不……;not...but...不是……而是……。谓语动词都遵循就近原则。
Not only the children but also their grandma wants to read the picture book.不但孩子们想看图画书,而且他们的奶奶也想看。
中考链接 -Mike, please turn down the music. ___C___ Dabao ______ Erbao are sleeping.
-Sorry, I’ll do it right away.
A. Neither;nor B. Either;or
C. Both;and D. Not only;but also
十一.mind的用法
用法分析 mind做名词时,意为“头脑;心智”,做动词时,意为“介意”。
他虽然90岁了,但头脑还很灵活。He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp.
固定搭配
含mind的短语
change one's mind
改变主意
make up one's mind
下定决心
keep in one's mind
牢记.……
Never mind.
不必担心。/没关系。
中考特殊考点 “Would /Do you mind (not)doing sth.?”和“Would/Do you mind+人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词+doing sth.?”表示“你介意某人干某事吗?”
Would you mind closing the door?你介意把门关上吗?
Do you mind me /my opening the window?你介意我打开窗户吗?
中考链接 Would you mind ___B___ down the music? It's too noisy.
A. to turn B. turning C. turn
十二.want
want用法总结
want to do sth."想做某事"
I want to drink water.我想喝水。
want sth."想要某物"
I want some orange.我想要一些橙汁。
want to be"想成为"
I want to be a teacher.我想成为一名老师。
My parents want ________ to the movies tonight.
A. go B. goes C. to go D. going
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查want的用法,want to do sth."想要做某事"。
十三.one day的用法
用法分析 one day表示“有一天”,通常用于过去时或将来时的句子中,表示“(过去的)某一天,有一天,(将来的)总有一天”。
You’ll come to see the importance of English one day.总有一天你会明白英语的重要性。
One day I met her on my way to school.有一天,我在去学校的路上遇到了她。
考点拓展 someday=some day(将来)某一天,多用于将来时。
He will be a doctor some day.总有一天他会成为一名医生。
注意 在将来时中,some day相当于one day。
中考链接 -I hope to see Niagara Falls one day. What about going there?
-Niagara Falls would be beautiful, but there is not much to do there.(同义替换)D
A. sometimes B. in the day C. a day D. someday
十四.favourite
favorite的用法
favorite用作形容词时,意为"最喜欢的,特别喜欢的",可在句中作定语修饰名词。
favorite与like都有"喜爱"的意思,但它们的词性不同,在句子中所处的位置也不同,favorite常与like...best互换。
His favorite sport is basketball.= He likes basketball best.他最喜欢的运动是篮球。
What is your favorite color?= What color do you like best?你最喜欢的颜色是什么?
favorite用作名词时,意为"特别喜欢的人或物",是可数名词。
These movies are my favorites. 这些电影是我最喜欢的。
十五.ask的用法
用法分析 ask sb. about sth.意为“向某人询问有关……的情况”。
昨天我就流行音乐的有关问题问了一些同学。Yesterday I asked some students about pop music.
他问我去医院的路。He asked me the way to the hospital.
考点拓展 ask sb. for sth.意为“向某人要某物”;ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求/请求某人做某事”,其否定结构为ask sb. not to do sth.,意为“要求/请求某人不要做某事”;ask for寻求。
He went to ask the policeman for help.他去向那个警察求助。
She asked me to lend her some money.她请求我借些钱给她。
中考链接 It was raining. My father asked me ___D___ a raincoat.
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
十六.some的用法
用法分析 some表示“一些,若干,几个”,常用于肯定句,但当征询意见并希望得到肯定回答时,在疑问句中也要用some,不用any。
你想要点儿咖啡吗?-Would you like some coffee?
好的,来一点儿吧。/不,谢谢。-Yes, please./No, thanks.
考点拓展 something也可以用于征询意见的疑问句中。
Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗?
考题预测 -Can I ask you ___C___ questions?
-Sure.
A. any B. much C. some D. a little
十七.everyone
1.everyone的用法
用法分析 everyone做代词,相当于everybody,意为“每人,人人,大家”。(以上四词只能指人,不能指物)
大家都认识这个男孩,但是谁也不知道他来自哪里。Everyone knows the boy, but no one knows where he comes from.
注意everyone用作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
考题预测 Everyone in our class watching TV on weekends.
A. like B. is like C. likes D. liking
十八.cheer up
cheer up的用法
用法分析 cheer up意为"(使)变得高兴;振奋起来",属于“动词+副词”结构,接代词it/them时要放在cheer up中间;接名词时放后面、中间都可以。
这个好消息使我们高兴了起来。The good news cheered us up.
考点拓展(1)cheer up也可单独使用,常用于口语中,用以鼓励对方振作起来。
Cheer up!Our troubles will soon be over.振作起来!我们的困难很快就会过去。
(2)cheers为感叹词,用于祝酒,意为“干杯”。
Cheers!My friends!干杯!我的朋友们!
中考链接
—Little Jenny looks unhappy today.
—Don’t worry. A box of chocolates will her ______.
A give; up B. wake; up C. cheer; up D. pick; up
十九.be good at(doing)sth.的用法
用法分析 be good at(doing)sth.意为“擅长(做)某事”,相当于 do well in(doing)sth.,后都接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
我们中有些人擅长游泳。Some of us are good at swimming.
李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。Li Lei is good at drawing,but I'm bad at it.
考点拓展含good短语的不同含义
be good for
对……有益、好处
反义词组:be bad for“对……有害”,for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
be good to
对……友好
相当于 be kind/friendly to
be good with
和………相处很好
相当于 get along/on well with
Eating fruit every day is good for your health.每天吃水果对你的健康有好处。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The workers are good with their boss.这些工人和他们的老板相处得很好。
中考链接
Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)
A.do well in B.does well in C.is interested in D.is good for
二十.need的用法
用法分析 句中need是实义动词,意为“需要”,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接名词、动名词或不定式做宾语。其否定、疑问句要借助助动词does/do/did。
我们需要想出一个计划。We need to come up with a plan.
考点拓展
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs sweeping every day.
=The floor needs to be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You needn’t do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
中考链接 -Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown?
-No, you .You can finish it in two days.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
二十一.help的用法
用法分析 help(sb.)with sth.在某方面帮助(某人);帮助某人做某事,with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.(to) do sth.。
她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English.
=She often helps me with my English.
考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。
Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下,她通过了考试。
固定搭配
help的固定搭配
can't help doing
忍不住/禁不住做……
help oneself to
随便吃/喝……
I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish!请随便吃点鱼吧!
考题预测
Ann often helps me my math after school.
A.for B.with C.on D.by
二十二.such的用法
用法分析 such做形容词,意为“这样的;这种”,用来修饰名词(名词前面可以带形容词,也可以不带)。如果修饰可数名词单数,后面需加不定冠词a/an。
我们对这样的事情感兴趣。We are interested in such things.
他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事。He told us such a funny story.
考点辨析 so,such
“如此,这样”各不同
so修饰形容词或副词
句式
so+形容词或副词
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词
so可以用来修饰“many/much/such不能这样用few/little+名词”,
such修饰名词(短语)
句式
such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词
such+形容词+复数名词或不可数名词
I am so glad to hear from my friend.收到我朋友的信我真高兴。
This is so important a match.这是一场多么重要的比赛。
I had never seen such a good match before that day.那天以前我从未看过这样好的比赛。
Don't make so much noise!别制造那么多噪音!
考题预测-I'm going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan.
-Oh, really? Taiwan is a beautiful island that a lot of people go to visit it every year.
A. so B. too C. such D. much
二十三.wait的用法
wait的用法
用法分析 wait等待,等候,是不及物动词。wait for sb./sth.意为“等待某人或某事”,而wait for sb.to do sth.意为“等待某人做某事”。
丹尼,外面有人在等你。Danny, there is someone waiting for you outside.
注意 can't/couldn't wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待做某事”
中考链接 My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn't to see them after several months away from home.
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
二十四.take one’s place的用法
用法分析 take one’s place意思是“代替;坐……的座位;取代某人”。
No one can take Ray’s place.没有人能够接替雷的位置。
I am tired. Please get someone to take my place.我很累了。请找个人来接替我吧。
二十五.happened
happen的用法
用法分析 happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。
你发生什么事了?What happened to you?
考点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”,相当于“It happens+that从句.”。
那天我碰巧没带钱。I happened to have no money with me that day.
=It happened that I had no money with me that day.
考点辨析 happen,take place
“发生”各不同
happen
描述意外发生的事件,主语是表示事
件、事故的名词或代词。
强调事情的偶然性和不可预见性
take place
指有计划,事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动,活动,会议等”的名词。
还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性
The road accident happened during the morning rush hour.这场交通事故发生在早上的交通高峰期。
The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子
-Have you met Luke recently?
-Yes, I (碰巧看见他)in the science museum yesterday afternoon.
二十六.get up的用法
用法分析get up表示“起床”,对应短语:go to bed睡觉。
我们早上六点钟起床。We get up at six in the morning.
考点拓展get的常考短语
get up起床
get的常考短语
get back回来
get to到达
get down下来
get on上车
get together相聚
get off下车
get married结婚
中考链接
The engineer(工程师) early every morning to catch the first bus.
A.gets up B.stands up C.looks up D.gives up,
二十七.watch的用法
用法分析 watch意为“观看”,其宾语补足语是不带to的不定式或动词-ing形式。
我在观看孩子们在操场上打篮球。I am watching the children playing basketball on the playground.
我奶奶喜欢看电视。My grandma likes watching TV.
考点拓展
“观看”不同
watch sb. do sth.看着或望着某人做某事
do表示动作已完成,即动作全过程结束了
watch sb. doing sth.观看某人正在做某事
doing表示动作正在进行
注意 类似watch用法的词或短语还有hear,see,notice,listen to。
中考链接 Anna likes to go to the zoo and watches the monkeys around on weekends.
A. climbed B. climbing C. to climb
六.语法点背默
特殊疑问句
1.特殊疑问句的定义及构成
类别
用法
定义
英语中用来提出疑问的句子就叫疑问句。以疑问词(如what, where,how,when等)开始的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。
构成与语序
基本构成与语序:特殊疑问词+be动词或助动词do/does+主语+其他?即:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
当对句中主语或主语的定语提问时,使用陈述语序,即:特殊疑问词+陈述句?
应答
回答特殊疑问句不能用yes或no,而应根据实际情况做具体的回答。
语调
特殊疑问句在朗读时多用降调。
口诀助记
疑问词,在句首,一般疑问句跟着走。
读时通常用降调,句末问号不要丢。
主语若是疑问词,陈述语序才正确。
2.常见的特殊疑问词(组)
特殊疑问词(组)
询问对象
含义
例句
what
事物
什么
What's your name?你叫什么名字?
what color
颜色
什么颜色
What color is your car?
你的车是什么颜色的?
where
地点
在哪里
Where's my schoolbag?
我的书包在哪里?
why
原因
为什么
Why do you like fruit?
你为什么喜欢水果?
when
时间
什么时候
When is your birthday?
你的生日在什么时候?
how
方式、程度
怎样;如何
How did you solve the problem?
你是怎样解决这个问题的?
who
人
谁
Who's she?她是谁?
how much
价钱
多少(钱)
How much is this Jacket?
这件夹克多少钱?
how old
年龄
多大年纪
How old is your grandma?
你奶奶多大年纪?
口决助记
what用法真广泛,要问“什么”它当先,
姓名职业和颜色,what time问时间。
“什么时候”常用when,how主要问“怎样”。
where用来问地点,why问“原因”记心间。
语法专练
一.单项填空
1.—___B___ do you usually go school,Mary?
—By bike.
A.When B.How C.Where D.Why
2.—___A___is your brother?
—He's twenty.
A.How old B.How much C.What D.Who
3.—___B___does she live?
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
A.What B.Where C.Which
4.—___B___is the black T-shirt?
—It's 58 yuan.
A.What B.How much C.How many D.What color
5.—___A___students are there in your class?
—Fifty.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far
二.用方框中所给疑问词的适当形式填空
what,when,how,why,who
6.—___Why___does Jenny like geography?
—Because she thinks it's interesting.
7.—___How___is your day, Lucy?
—It s OK.
8.—___What___is Alice's favorite color?
—Red.
9.—___Who___is the woman in red?
—My mother.
10.—___When___do you go to bed?
—At about 11:00.
三.对画线部分提问
11.He likes English because it's interesting.
___Why___ ___does___he like English?
12.Her favorite food is the hot dog.
___What___ ___is___her favorite food?
13.Her computer is on the desk.
___Where___is her computer?
14.My grandpa is 75 years old.
___How___ ___old___is your grandpa?
15.She has an art lesson at 11:00 on Tuesday.
___When___does she___have___an art lesson?
四.选择适当的疑问词(组)填空
why, who, how much, where, when
1.— is your backpack(背包)?
—It's 100 yuan.
2.— is your music teacher?
—Ms. Gao.
3.— is New Year's Day?
—It's on January 1st.
94.— do you like Chinese history?
—Because it is interesting.
5.— is your sweater?
—It's on my bed.
答案1.How much 2.Who 3.When 4.Why 5.Where
五.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Those balls are black and white.(对画线部分提问)
are those balls?
2.His schoolbag is on the desk.(对画线部分提问)
his schoolbag?
3.Her brother is 5 years old.(对画线部分提问)
is her brother?
4.I go to Beijing with my mother on Saturday. (对画线部分提问)
you go to Beijing with your mother?
5.Those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are 80 yuan.(对画线部分提问)
are those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022?
答案1.What color2.Where is3.How old4.When do5.How much
七.写作背默
本单元的中心话题是结交朋友,向朋友间好,询问和告知姓名和电话号码,可以写成小对话,也可以根据所给信息制作学生卡并做自我介绍或介绍他人,写作时,首先认真审题,明确要求,确定人称,若写自我介绍应用第一。人称,若介绍他人要用第三人称,然后根据所给信息有条理地进行写作。同时,在写作中可以加入一些问候性的语句,给文章增添话题的气氛。
※常用的词汇
first name名字
last name姓氏
phone number电话号码
※常用的句型句式
My name is...我的名字是……
My phone number is...我的电话号码是……
I'm… years old.我……岁。
I'm in.... Middle School我在……中学。
This is my friend.这是我的朋友。
His/Her phone number is…他/她的电话号码是……
※常用开头结尾句
Hi, let me introduce myself.大家好,让我介绍一下我自己。
Do you want to know something about me? 你想知道关于我的情况吗?
Would you like to make friends with me? 你愿意和我交朋友吗?
下面是你的个人信息,请根据表格中的内容介绍一下你的个人情况。
First name
Tom
Last name
Brown
Age
13
Phone number
687-4325
Class
Class Two, Grade Seven
Nationality
American
思路点拨
开篇点题,引出自我介绍
Hello, I'd like to introduce myself.
My first name is Tom.
根据所给信息具体介绍
My last name is Brown.
I'm 13 years old.
表达感情
Do you want to make friends with me?
范文赏析
Hello, I'd like to introduce myself.
My first name is Tom. My last name is Brown. I'm a boy and I am 13. I'm American. I'm in Class Two, Grade Seven. My telephone number is 687-4325.
Do you want to make friends with me?
假如你是Eric/Anna,你刚刚结识了一群新朋友。他们想深入了解你,请你根据下图信息,用英语做个自我介绍。
要求:
1.包含所有提示信息,可适当发挥。
2.文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称。
3.词数:70词左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone! I am
[思路点拨]
[参考范文]
Hello, everyone! I am Eric. I'm twelve years old and I'm in Grade 7.There are five people in my family, my grandparents, my parents and I. I like watching TV very much and I often watch TV with my family in the evening. I drink milk every day because it is good for my health. I don't like sweets because I don't want to be fat. My favorite subject is English. I think English is very interesting and useful. Basketball is my favorite sport. After class, I often play basketball with my classmates. This is me and I hope we can get along well.
[高级语块]
重点短语
watch TV with和……一起看电视
be good for...对……有好处
play basketball打篮球
重点句型
I drink milk every day because it is good for my health.(because引导原因状语从句)
I think English is very interesting and useful.(I think...我认为……)
$$【同步100分背默】Unit1 Friendship知识清单
一.重点词汇背默
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1. n.吉他
2. adj.诚实的
3. adj.有耐心的
4. v.改进;改善
5. adj.自信的;有自信心的
6. n.勇气;胆量
7. n.友谊;朋友关系
8. n.钦佩;赞赏
9. n.尊敬;尊重
10. n.支持;鼓励
11. n.信任;信赖
12. n.调查
13. adj.个性的
14. n.品质;品德
15. adj.关心他人的;体贴人的
16. v.描述;形容
17. n.外貌
18. adj.直的
19. 褐色的;乌黑的
20. adj.同一的;相同的
21. adj.基本的;基础的
22. n.想法
23. adv.然而; 不过
24. adj.高兴的;愉快的
25. v.上升
26. n.结局
27. n.心
二.重点词汇拓展
1.honest adj.诚实的,正直的 不诚实的,不正直的→ 一个诚实的孩子→
说实话
2.patient adj.有耐心的,容忍的 n.病人 耐心→ 对……有耐心
3.courage n.勇气;胆略 鼓励→ 鼓励某人做某事
4.friend n.朋友 友好的 友谊→ 交朋友
→ 对……友好→ 女朋友
5.person n.人 个人的,私人的→ 亲自;私自
6.care v.介意;关心 认真的;小心的;谨慎的 粗心的;大意的
认真地;小心地;谨慎地 粗心地;大意地→ 关心;担心→
当心……;小心……→ 照顾;照看
7. dark adj.黑暗的 明亮的→ 在一个漆黑的夜晚adj.深色的
浅色的→ 深绿色
8.describe v.描写,叙述 描写,叙述
9.think v.思考,考虑,想 思想,想法
10.end n.& v.末尾;终点;结束;终止 结局→ 在……尽头→
在……末尾→ 到……末为止→ 最后
→ 以……结束
三.重点短语背默
1. 中等身高
2. 擅长.
3. 助于某人
4. 放学后
5. 愿意做某事
6. 幸亏;由于;因为
7. 依靠(某人做某事)
8. 现代舞
9. 照顾;照料
10. 照管;监督
11. 上升到
12. 大叫;叫喊
13. 哭着入睡
14. 醒;醒来
15. 来去
16. 替代某人
17. 出现
18. 骑自行车
19. 弹吉他
20. 绘画
21. 阅读
22. 打篮球
23. 做填字游戏
24. 踢足球
25. 想起
26. 生活中没有什么比这更重要了。
27. 升到(天空中)
28. 醒来
29. 月复一月,年复一年
30. 替代某人
四.重点句子背默
1. your new friend ?你的新朋友喜欢什么样子?
2.Li Hua is and . He maths. 李先生乐于助人,很有耐心。他也很擅长数学。
3.When I meet maths problems, I . 当我遇到困难的数学问题时,我就会向他寻求帮助。
4.When me, I my happiness him. 当一些有趣的事情发生在我身上时,我就和他分享我的快乐。
5.When , we tell the other one and this us feel . 当我们中的一个感到悲伤时,我们会告诉另一个,这让我们感觉更好。
6.We really like things . Li Hua loves playing ping-pong . 我们真的很喜欢一起做事。李先生喜欢放学后和我打乒乓球。
7. like you, he says. 他说:“和像你这样的好球员一起打球很有趣。
8. , my maths has improved . 在他的帮助下,我的数学提高了很多。
9.I am also more now, and I have the to new things. 我现在也更自信了,我有勇气尝试新事物。
10.My parents also tell me that I am more and to than before. 我的父母也告诉我,我比以前更开放和更愿意提供帮助。
11. friends can really help us ! 亲密的朋友真的可以帮助我们的生活!
12.My friendship with Li Hua me that friends , admiration,
and support. Friendships are about having fun, about
love, , and . 我和李先生的友谊告诉我,朋友们互相依靠爱、钦佩、尊重和支持。友谊不仅是一种乐趣,也是一种爱、诚实、理解和信任。
13.Every day , she sings her songs to me. 每天放学后,她都会给我唱她最喜欢的歌。
14.She is very and does not mind lots of people! 她很自信,不介意在很多人面前唱歌!
15.She a singer ! Jake also likes music. 她想有一天能成为一名歌手!杰克也喜欢音乐。
16.He every evening. 他每天晚上弹钢琴一小时。
17.When I , she is always there to help me and .当我感到难过时,她总是在那里帮助我,让我高兴起来。
18.I think she is . She and likes . 我觉得她很可爱。她擅长跳舞,也喜欢现代舞。
19.I can her and I her. 我可以信任她,我也可以和她分享我的想法。
20.It is to have . 能有这么一个好朋友真是太好了。
21.For Wilbur, in life was as . He for the big day to come. 对威尔伯来说,生活中没有什么是最重要的。他耐心地等待着这个大日子的到来。
22.This felt like to Wilbur. 这对威尔伯来说就像是世界末日了。
23.When he , there were three small spiders .当他醒来时,墙上有三只小蜘蛛。
24.As the months and years and , he was . 随着日复一日,他从不没有朋友。
25.He loved her children and grandchildren, but they could never . 他爱着她的孩子和孙子孙女们,但他们永远无法在他的心中取代她的位置。
26.It is not often that . 像她这样的真正的朋友并不经常出现。
五.易错点记忆
一.What... be like?的用法
What +be +主语+like?也可以用来询问外貌,但更侧重问人的品格。
—What is your mother like?你母亲如何?
—She’s very kind. 她很友善。
拓展
1. 常用“What + do / does + sb. + look like?”。助动词用do还是does取决于主语人称和数的变化:主语是第三人称单数或单数名词时,用does;主语是其他人称或复数名词时,用do。
What does your sister look like? 你姐姐长什么样?
What do her parents look like? 她父母长什么样?、
辨析
look like与be like
look like
看起来像
指外观或外貌上长得像
be like
看起来像
指人的性格、人品像
中考链接
—_____________?
—He is of medium build and has straight hair.
A.What does his uncle do B.What does his uncle look like
C.What can his uncle do D.What is his uncle doing
二.like的用法
like意为"喜欢,喜爱",用作及物动词,后面可跟三种结构:
(1) like somebody or something表示"喜欢某人或某事"。
I like him very much.我非常喜欢他。
He doesn’t like salad.他不喜欢沙拉。
(2) like to do something or doing something表示"喜欢做某事"。
We like playing basketball. 我们喜欢打篮球。
The boy likes to play computer games. 那个男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
表示爱好或经常性的情况时,多用like doing something,表示一次性或尚未发生的动作或对某次具体活动的爱好时,用like to do something。
He likes playing football, but he doesn’t like to play football today. 他喜欢踢足球,但他不喜欢今天踢足球。
(3) like somebody to do something 表示"喜欢某人去做某事"。
Miss Wang likes us to ask her questions in class.王老师喜欢我们在课堂上问她问题。
三.make的用法
用法分析make做动词,意为“使成为;制造”。make friends交朋友,make friends with sb.和某人交朋友。
He will make a kite for me.他将给我做个风筝。
I want to make friends with you.我想和你交朋友。
考点拓展make做使役动词,意为“使;让”,make sb.do sth.使/让某人做某事,后面是省略to的不定式。
The boss often makes him work ten hours a day.老板经常让他一天工作10个小时。
固定搭配
make tea沏茶
make的短语
make one's bed收拾床铺
make money赚钱
make a mistake犯错误
make faces做鬼脸
make a noise吵闹
考题预测
—You look so tired.
—My mother makes me the housework for 2 hours every day.
A.do B.to do C.doing D.does
四.be good at的用法
be good at(doing)sth.意为“擅长(做)某事”,相当于do well in,后都接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
be good to表示“对……好/和善/慈爱”,good相当于friendly。
Some of us are good at swimming.我们中有些人擅长游泳。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
中考链接 Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)
A. do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for
五.something interesting
形容词修饰不定代词的用法
用法分析 something interesting有趣的东西,当形容词修饰不定代词(含有-thing;-body;-one),如something,anything…;somebody…;someone…等时,形容词后置。
你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗?Did you hear anything interesting there?
考点拓展 else修饰不定代词或疑问词(who,what等),else要后置;enough修饰形容词或副词,enough后置。
考题预测 –Listen! It is quiet in the classroom. Is there else in it?
—No, it is empty. ______ is having an experiment in the laboratory.
A. anyone;Anyone B. anyone;Everyone
C. everyone;Anyone D. everyone;Everyone
六.feel的用法
feel的用法
feel做系动词时,后接形容词做表语;做实义动词时,是感官动词,其后可接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,即:feel sb. /sth.do sth.(感觉某人/某物做某事),feel sb. /sth.doing sth.感觉某人/某物正在做某事。
I feel relaxed after the test.考试后我觉得很放松。
I felt the houses shake in Wenchuan.我感到房子在摇晃。
I can feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹到我的脸上。
七.make sb.do sth.的用法
用法分析 “make sb.do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”。do sth.是省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
老师让安把她的书拿回来。The teacher made Ann get her book back.
考点拓展 接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的词:
“一感”(feel);“二听”(hear,listen to);“三使”(make,let,have);“四看”(see,watch,notice,observe);“半帮助”(help,to可以加,也可以省略)。
以上词在主动句里to走开,被动句里to回来。
I heard her sing in the next room just now.刚才我听到她在隔壁唱歌。
The boss made his workers work twelve hours a day.
=The workers were made to work twelve hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作12个小时。
考题预测 Too much work made us tired.
A. feeling B. feels C. feel D. felt
八.the other的用法
“其他”各不同
one...the other
一个……另一个
another
(三者或三者以上)的“另一个”
some...others
一些……,另一些(并非全部)……
some...the others
一些……,另一些(剩下的全部)……
each other
互相,彼此
I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.我有两支钢笔。一支红的,另一支是蓝的。
These pears are quite delicious. Would you like another one?这些梨很好吃。你想再来一个吗?
Look!Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.看!一些人在照相,还有些人躺在沙滩上。(还有做其他事情的人)
There are twenty pencils in my box. Five are yours, the others are mine.在我的盒子里有20支铅笔。有5支是你的,其余的都是我的。
We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。
考题预测 In that class, only 20 are boys, are girls.
A. others B. other C. the other D. the others
九.“It is +形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
“It is +形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
用法分析“It is+形容词(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是…的”,sb.为宾格代词或名词。
学好英语对我来说是必要的。It is necessary for me to study English well.
难点突破 for和of的选择取决于前面的形容词。形容词是描述事物的词(如necessary,difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等),用for sb.,如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice,clever,foolish等),用of sb.。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
中考链接 -Could I go swimming with my friend, dad?
-No, it’s very dangerous for you kids swimming without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
十.not only...but(also)...
not only...but(also)...不但……而且……;
考点拓展 either...or...或者……或者……;neither...nor..既不……也不……;not...but...不是……而是……。谓语动词都遵循就近原则。
Not only the children but also their grandma wants to read the picture book.不但孩子们想看图画书,而且他们的奶奶也想看。
中考链接 -Mike, please turn down the music. Dabao ______ Erbao are sleeping.
-Sorry, I’ll do it right away.
A. Neither;nor B. Either;or
C. Both;and D. Not only;but also
十一.mind的用法
用法分析 mind做名词时,意为“头脑;心智”,做动词时,意为“介意”。
他虽然90岁了,但头脑还很灵活。He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp.
固定搭配
含mind的短语
change one's mind
改变主意
make up one's mind
下定决心
keep in one's mind
牢记.……
Never mind.
不必担心。/没关系。
中考特殊考点 “Would /Do you mind (not)doing sth.?”和“Would/Do you mind+人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词+doing sth.?”表示“你介意某人干某事吗?”
Would you mind closing the door?你介意把门关上吗?
Do you mind me /my opening the window?你介意我打开窗户吗?
中考链接 Would you mind down the music? It's too noisy.
A. to turn B. turning C. turn
十二.want
want用法总结
want to do sth."想做某事"
I want to drink water.我想喝水。
want sth."想要某物"
I want some orange.我想要一些橙汁。
want to be"想成为"
I want to be a teacher.我想成为一名老师。
My parents want ________ to the movies tonight.
A. go B. goes C. to go D. going
十三.one day的用法
用法分析 one day表示“有一天”,通常用于过去时或将来时的句子中,表示“(过去的)某一天,有一天,(将来的)总有一天”。
You’ll come to see the importance of English one day.总有一天你会明白英语的重要性。
One day I met her on my way to school.有一天,我在去学校的路上遇到了她。
考点拓展 someday=some day(将来)某一天,多用于将来时。
He will be a doctor some day.总有一天他会成为一名医生。
注意 在将来时中,some day相当于one day。
中考链接 -I hope to see Niagara Falls one day. What about going there?
-Niagara Falls would be beautiful, but there is not much to do there.(同义替换)
A. sometimes B. in the day C. a day D. someday
十四.favourite
favorite的用法
favorite用作形容词时,意为"最喜欢的,特别喜欢的",可在句中作定语修饰名词。
favorite与like都有"喜爱"的意思,但它们的词性不同,在句子中所处的位置也不同,favorite常与like...best互换。
His favorite sport is basketball.= He likes basketball best.他最喜欢的运动是篮球。
What is your favorite color?= What color do you like best?你最喜欢的颜色是什么?
favorite用作名词时,意为"特别喜欢的人或物",是可数名词。
These movies are my favorites. 这些电影是我最喜欢的。
十五.ask的用法
用法分析 ask sb. about sth.意为“向某人询问有关……的情况”。
昨天我就流行音乐的有关问题问了一些同学。Yesterday I asked some students about pop music.
他问我去医院的路。He asked me the way to the hospital.
考点拓展 ask sb. for sth.意为“向某人要某物”;ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求/请求某人做某事”,其否定结构为ask sb. not to do sth.,意为“要求/请求某人不要做某事”;ask for寻求。
He went to ask the policeman for help.他去向那个警察求助。
She asked me to lend her some money.她请求我借些钱给她。
中考链接 It was raining. My father asked me a raincoat.
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
十六.some的用法
用法分析 some表示“一些,若干,几个”,常用于肯定句,但当征询意见并希望得到肯定回答时,在疑问句中也要用some,不用any。
你想要点儿咖啡吗?-Would you like some coffee?
好的,来一点儿吧。/不,谢谢。-Yes, please./No, thanks.
考点拓展 something也可以用于征询意见的疑问句中。
Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗?
考题预测 -Can I ask you questions?
-Sure.
A. any B. much C. some D. a little
十七.everyone
1.everyone的用法
用法分析 everyone做代词,相当于everybody,意为“每人,人人,大家”。(以上四词只能指人,不能指物)
大家都认识这个男孩,但是谁也不知道他来自哪里。Everyone knows the boy, but no one knows where he comes from.
注意everyone用作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
考题预测 Everyone in our class watching TV on weekends.
A. like B. is like C. likes D. liking
十八.cheer up
cheer up的用法
用法分析 cheer up意为"(使)变得高兴;振奋起来",属于“动词+副词”结构,接代词it/them时要放在cheer up中间;接名词时放后面、中间都可以。
这个好消息使我们高兴了起来。The good news cheered us up.
考点拓展(1)cheer up也可单独使用,常用于口语中,用以鼓励对方振作起来。
Cheer up!Our troubles will soon be over.振作起来!我们的困难很快就会过去。
(2)cheers为感叹词,用于祝酒,意为“干杯”。
Cheers!My friends!干杯!我的朋友们!
中考链接
—Little Jenny looks unhappy today.
—Don’t worry. A box of chocolates will her ______.
A give; up B. wake; up C. cheer; up D. pick; up
十九.be good at(doing)sth.的用法
用法分析 be good at(doing)sth.意为“擅长(做)某事”,相当于 do well in(doing)sth.,后都接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
我们中有些人擅长游泳。Some of us are good at swimming.
李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。Li Lei is good at drawing,but I'm bad at it.
考点拓展含good短语的不同含义
be good for
对……有益、好处
反义词组:be bad for“对……有害”,for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
be good to
对……友好
相当于 be kind/friendly to
be good with
和………相处很好
相当于 get along/on well with
Eating fruit every day is good for your health.每天吃水果对你的健康有好处。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The workers are good with their boss.这些工人和他们的老板相处得很好。
中考链接
Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)
A.do well in B.does well in C.is interested in D.is good for
二十.need的用法
用法分析 句中need是实义动词,意为“需要”,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接名词、动名词或不定式做宾语。其否定、疑问句要借助助动词does/do/did。
我们需要想出一个计划。We need to come up with a plan.
考点拓展
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs sweeping every day.
=The floor needs to be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You needn’t do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
中考链接 -Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown?
-No, you .You can finish it in two days.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
二十一.help的用法
用法分析 help(sb.)with sth.在某方面帮助(某人);帮助某人做某事,with后接名词、代词或动名词。相当于 help sb.(to) do sth.。
她经常帮助我学英语。She often helps me to learn English.
=She often helps me with my English.
考点拓展help用作名词“帮助”。with the help of sb.= with one's help在某人的帮助下。
Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of the boy,she passed the exam.在这个男孩的帮助下,她通过了考试。
固定搭配
help的固定搭配
can't help doing
忍不住/禁不住做……
help oneself to
随便吃/喝……
I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish!请随便吃点鱼吧!
考题预测
Ann often helps me my math after school.
A.for B.with C.on D.by
二十二.such的用法
用法分析 such做形容词,意为“这样的;这种”,用来修饰名词(名词前面可以带形容词,也可以不带)。如果修饰可数名词单数,后面需加不定冠词a/an。
我们对这样的事情感兴趣。We are interested in such things.
他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事。He told us such a funny story.
考点辨析 so,such
“如此,这样”各不同
so修饰形容词或副词
句式
so+形容词或副词
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词
so可以用来修饰“many/much/such不能这样用few/little+名词”,
such修饰名词(短语)
句式
such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词
such+形容词+复数名词或不可数名词
I am so glad to hear from my friend.收到我朋友的信我真高兴。
This is so important a match.这是一场多么重要的比赛。
I had never seen such a good match before that day.那天以前我从未看过这样好的比赛。
Don't make so much noise!别制造那么多噪音!
考题预测-I'm going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan.
-Oh, really? Taiwan is a beautiful island that a lot of people go to visit it every year.
A. so B. too C. such D. much
二十三.wait的用法
wait的用法
用法分析 wait等待,等候,是不及物动词。wait for sb./sth.意为“等待某人或某事”,而wait for sb.to do sth.意为“等待某人做某事”。
丹尼,外面有人在等你。Danny, there is someone waiting for you outside.
注意 can't/couldn't wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待做某事”
中考链接 My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn't to see them after several months away from home.
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
二十四.take one’s place的用法
用法分析 take one’s place意思是“代替;坐……的座位;取代某人”。
No one can take Ray’s place.没有人能够接替雷的位置。
I am tired. Please get someone to take my place.我很累了。请找个人来接替我吧。
二十五.happened
happen的用法
用法分析 happen表示“发生”。happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。
你发生什么事了?What happened to you?
考点拓展 happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”,相当于“It happens+that从句.”。
那天我碰巧没带钱。I happened to have no money with me that day.
=It happened that I had no money with me that day.
考点辨析 happen,take place
“发生”各不同
happen
描述意外发生的事件,主语是表示事
件、事故的名词或代词。
强调事情的偶然性和不可预见性
take place
指有计划,事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动,活动,会议等”的名词。
还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性
The road accident happened during the morning rush hour.这场交通事故发生在早上的交通高峰期。
The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子
-Have you met Luke recently?
-Yes, I (碰巧看见他)in the science museum yesterday afternoon.
二十六.get up的用法
用法分析get up表示“起床”,对应短语:go to bed睡觉。
我们早上六点钟起床。We get up at six in the morning.
考点拓展get的常考短语
get up起床
get的常考短语
get back回来
get to到达
get down下来
get on上车
get together相聚
get off下车
get married结婚
中考链接
The engineer(工程师) early every morning to catch the first bus.
A.gets up B.stands up C.looks up D.gives up,
二十七.watch的用法
用法分析 watch意为“观看”,其宾语补足语是不带to的不定式或动词-ing形式。
我在观看孩子们在操场上打篮球。I am watching the children playing basketball on the playground.
我奶奶喜欢看电视。My grandma likes watching TV.
考点拓展
“观看”不同
watch sb. do sth.看着或望着某人做某事
do表示动作已完成,即动作全过程结束了
watch sb. doing sth.观看某人正在做某事
doing表示动作正在进行
注意 类似watch用法的词或短语还有hear,see,notice,listen to。
中考链接 Anna likes to go to the zoo and watches the monkeys around on weekends.
A. climbed B. climbing C. to climb
六.语法点背默
特殊疑问句
1.特殊疑问句的定义及构成
类别
用法
定义
英语中用来提出疑问的句子就叫疑问句。以疑问词(如what, where,how,when等)开始的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。
构成与语序
基本构成与语序:特殊疑问词+be动词或助动词do/does+主语+其他?即:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
当对句中主语或主语的定语提问时,使用陈述语序,即:特殊疑问词+陈述句?
应答
回答特殊疑问句不能用yes或no,而应根据实际情况做具体的回答。
语调
特殊疑问句在朗读时多用降调。
口诀助记
疑问词,在句首,一般疑问句跟着走。
读时通常用降调,句末问号不要丢。
主语若是疑问词,陈述语序才正确。
2.常见的特殊疑问词(组)
特殊疑问词(组)
询问对象
含义
例句
what
事物
什么
What's your name?你叫什么名字?
what color
颜色
什么颜色
What color is your car?
你的车是什么颜色的?
where
地点
在哪里
Where's my schoolbag?
我的书包在哪里?
why
原因
为什么
Why do you like fruit?
你为什么喜欢水果?
when
时间
什么时候
When is your birthday?
你的生日在什么时候?
how
方式、程度
怎样;如何
How did you solve the problem?
你是怎样解决这个问题的?
who
人
谁
Who's she?她是谁?
how much
价钱
多少(钱)
How much is this Jacket?
这件夹克多少钱?
how old
年龄
多大年纪
How old is your grandma?
你奶奶多大年纪?
口决助记
what用法真广泛,要问“什么”它当先,
姓名职业和颜色,what time问时间。
“什么时候”常用when,how主要问“怎样”。
where用来问地点,why问“原因”记心间。
一.单项填空
1.— do you usually go school,Mary?
—By bike.
A.When B.How C.Where D.Why
2.— is your brother?
—He's twenty.
A.How old B.How much C.What D.Who
3.— does she live?
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
A.What B.Where C.Which
4.— is the black T-shirt?
—It's 58 yuan.
A.What B.How much C.How many D.What color
5.— students are there in your class?
—Fifty.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far
二.用方框中所给疑问词的适当形式填空
what,when,how,why,who
6.— does Jenny like geography?
—Because she thinks it's interesting.
7.— _is your day, Lucy?
—It s OK.
8.— is Alice's favorite color?
—Red.
9.— is the woman in red?
—My mother.
10.— do you go to bed?
—At about 11:00.
三.对画线部分提问
11.He likes English because it's interesting.
he like English?
12.Her favorite food is the hot dog.
her favorite food?
13.Her computer is on the desk.
_is her computer?
14.My grandpa is 75 years old.
is your grandpa?
15.She has an art lesson at 11:00 on Tuesday.
does she an art lesson?
四.选择适当的疑问词(组)填空
why, who, how much, where, when
1.— is your backpack(背包)?
—It's 100 yuan.
2.— is your music teacher?
—Ms. Gao.
3.— is New Year's Day?
—It's on January 1st.
94.— do you like Chinese history?
—Because it is interesting.
5.— is your sweater?
—It's on my bed.
五.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Those balls are black and white.(对画线部分提问)
are those balls?
2.His schoolbag is on the desk.(对画线部分提问)
his schoolbag?
3.Her brother is 5 years old.(对画线部分提问)
is her brother?
4.I go to Beijing with my mother on Saturday. (对画线部分提问)
you go to Beijing with your mother?
5.Those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are 80 yuan.(对画线部分提问)
are those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022?
七.写作背默
本单元的中心话题是结交朋友,向朋友间好,询问和告知姓名和电话号码,可以写成小对话,也可以根据所给信息制作学生卡并做自我介绍或介绍他人,写作时,首先认真审题,明确要求,确定人称,若写自我介绍应用第一。人称,若介绍他人要用第三人称,然后根据所给信息有条理地进行写作。同时,在写作中可以加入一些问候性的语句,给文章增添话题的气氛。
※常用的词汇
first name名字
last name姓氏
phone number电话号码
※常用的句型句式
My name is...我的名字是……
My phone number is...我的电话号码是……
I'm… years old.我……岁。
I'm in.... Middle School我在……中学。
This is my friend.这是我的朋友。
His/Her phone number is…他/她的电话号码是……
※常用开头结尾句
Hi, let me introduce myself.大家好,让我介绍一下我自己。
Do you want to know something about me? 你想知道关于我的情况吗?
Would you like to make friends with me? 你愿意和我交朋友吗?
下面是你的个人信息,请根据表格中的内容介绍一下你的个人情况。
First name
Tom
Last name
Brown
Age
13
Phone number
687-4325
Class
Class Two, Grade Seven
Nationality
American
思路点拨
开篇点题,引出自我介绍
Hello, I'd like to introduce myself.
My first name is Tom.
根据所给信息具体介绍
My last name is Brown.
I'm 13 years old.
表达感情
Do you want to make friends with me?
范文赏析
假如你是Eric/Anna,你刚刚结识了一群新朋友。他们想深入了解你,请你根据下图信息,用英语做个自我介绍。
要求:
1.包含所有提示信息,可适当发挥。
2.文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称。
3.词数:70词左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone! I am
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