精品解析：河南省开封市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末调研英语试题

2023-2024学年第二学期期末调研考试 高一英语试题 本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分, 考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上, 并将自己的准考证号、座 位号填写在本试卷上。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再涂选其他答案标号, 涂写在本试卷上无效。 3. 作答非选择题时, 请用直径0. 5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内 作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效, 在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第I 卷(选择题, 共95分) 第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分) 做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman refuse the man's invitation? A. She can't afford the time. B She doesn't like the movie. C. She is in hospital for treatment. 2. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A job. B. A training course. C. An interesting experience. 3. How does the woman feel about the man? A. Thankful. B. Dissatisfied. C. Proud. 4. Why does the woman look troubled? A Because she has to leave her friend. B. Because she doesn't like living in the dorm. C. Because she can't manage to move house herself. 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a clothing store. B. At the doctor's. C. At home. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To do a task for a program. B. To sell books. C. To do a survey. 7. Who does the woman admire most? A. An actress. B. A writer. C. A dancer. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. How much will the man pay for the room per night? A. $50. B. $62. C. $75. 9. What does the man care about most? A. The telephone. B. The television. C. The Internet. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the man doing? A. Telling the woman about a teacher. B. Introducing a course to the woman. C. Helping the woman with her homework. 11. What does the man like most about Dr. Miller? A. His patience. B. His seriousness. C. His understanding. 12. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman is going to take Dr. Miller's class. B. The man had a teacher like Dr. Miller before. C. Dr. Miller has been teaching in England for 10 years. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. How much does the man have to pay to join the club? A. 1. 50. B. 2. C. 5. 14. Why does Video Club hold a meeting? A. To send out a list of films. B. To introduce films from abroad. C. To collect information on popular films. 15. What films are most people interested in? A. British films. B. American films. 16. How will the man get the form? A. He'll have it by post. B. He'll pick it up himself. C. He'll get it from the club's website. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. When does the speaker usually go to the health club? A. In the evening. B. At noon. 18. What does the speaker have in the morning? A. A sandwich. B. Some coffee. C. A hamburger. 19. Where does the speaker have her lunch? A. In her office. B. At her home. C. In a restaurant. 20. What does the speaker usually do on Sunday evenings? A. Play soccer. B. Play tennis. C. Go swimming. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。 A Bridge Design All Over the World Hartland Covered Bridge The Hartland Covered Bridge is the world’s longest covered bridge. The 1,282-foot-longbridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980. Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921. Rio-Niteroi Bridge Completed in 1974, the Rio-Niteroi Bridge in Brazil is the second-longest bridge in all of Latin America connecting the cities of Rio and Niteroi across the Guanabara Bay. The Rio-Niteroi Bridge is technically known as a “box-girder” bridge, made of special concrete. It receives an astonishing 140,000 (or more) vehicles per day. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge No bridge is as long as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the world. The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China operates as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip from Ningbo to Jiaxing that previously took 4.5 hours has been reduced to two, thanks to this bridge. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title of “longest continuous bridge over water” was given to the causeway, with the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge receiving the title of “longest bridge over water”. 1. What is the special feature of the Hartland Covered Bridge? A. It has a roof. B. It is a busy bridge. C. It is a wooden bridge. D. It is the longest bridge. 2. Which of the following bridge can trains pass through? A. Rio-Niteroi Bridge. B. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge. C. Hartland Covered Bridge. D. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge. 3. Where can you find the earliest bridge in the four countries? A. In America. B. In Brazil. C. In Canada. D. In China. B A few years ago, we celebrated Frankenstein’s 200th birthday. This famous book, written by British novelist Mary Shelley (1797 — 1851), is rightly known as the first work of science fiction. Frankenstein is the name of a doctor who creates a creature from human body parts. The doctor’s ambitions for his work are noble, but his experiment has disastrous results. Shelley was writing in an age when science was beginning to have a great impact on the world. People had different attitudes toward science then. Some found it inspiring — they thought of the progress medicine was making in curing common illnesses. But others found it a little frightening — it was changing life, making it a lot less familiar. Science plays a bigger part in our lives than it did two centuries ago. Today, science has brought us great things like the Internet, but also nuclear weapons, which, if used in large numbers, could kill off our species. Science still therefore creates the mixed feelings it did in Shelley’s day. It’s because Shelley saw both the promise and the danger of science that she’s still an influence today. In fact, her subtitle of the book, The Modern Prometheus (普罗米修斯), shows how important myth (神话) was to the writer. Prometheus, a figure from classical Creek mythology, written by ancient Creek playwright Sophocles, steals fire from the gods and gives it to people, an act for which he is terribly punished. Shelley’s husband, the famous poet Percy Shelley, wrote about him in Prometheus Unbound. In the poem, he is a revolutionary hero, who triumphs over the gods. In Mary Shelley’s book, however, her modern Prometheus, Dr Frankenstein, is a highly controversial figure, who sacrifices his home and life for his crazy addiction to his creation. In short, Mary Shelley’s book is not just a scary and moving story, but a philosophical tale that, even after 200 years, still speaks to modern readers. 4. What can we know about Dr Frankenstein and the creature he made? A. He created it with animal parts. B. He managed to kill it in the end. C. He created it with good intentions. D. He was aware of its dangers before its creation. 5. Compared with Prometheus in Greek mythology, Dr Frankenstein . A. is a revolutionary hero B. has inspired many poets C. suffers little for what he does D. leads to a lot of controversy 6. Why do today’s readers still relate to Mary Shelley? A. Her work discusses what it means to be human. B. Her work warns people of the two sides of science. C. Her work explains that any life deserves our respect. D. Her work proves the important role of science in life. 7. What type of text is this? A. A biography. B. A book review. C. A short story. D. A news report. C Who first proposed the holiday for workers? It’s not entirely clear, but two workers can make a solid claim to the Founder of Labor Day title. Some records show that in 1882, Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a co-founder of the American Federation of Labor, suggested setting aside a day for a “general holiday for the laboring classes”. But many believe that machinist Matthew Maguire, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883. By 1894, 23 more states had adopted the holiday, and on June 28, 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed a law making the first Monday in September of each year a national holiday. Many Americans celebrate Labor Day with parades (游行), picnics and parties — festivities very similar to those outlined by the first proposal for a holiday, which suggested that the day should be observed with a street parade to exhibit “the strength and spirits of the trade and labor organizations” of the community, followed by a festival for the recreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by important official men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civil significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909,the Sunday before Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to (致力于) the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement. American labor has raised the nation’s standard of living and contributed to the greatest production the world has ever known and the labor movement has brought us closer to the realization of our traditional ideals of economic and political democracy. 8. What can we know from paragraph 2? A. People’s views about the founder of Labor Day vary. B. The author considered Matthew Maguire the founder. C. Peter J. McGuire wanted to set a few days for a holiday. D. Labor Day was originally set up for American machinists. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The real meaning of Labor Day B. The development of Labor Day C. The reason of setting Labor Day D. People’s emphasis on Labor Day 10. What does the underlined word “festivities” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Manners B. Approaches C. Rewards D. Celebrations 11. Which of the following does the author agree with? A. It is known that America develops very fast. B. The original meaning of Labor Day changes C. It is worthwhile to set a day for the laborer D. The labor movement makes the life unsteady D Whether you prefer solo dancing or being involved in a more formalized program, dancing offers the obvious plus to your physical health. You're not only moving your body in a rhythmic way and expressing feelings but also burning calories in your body and getting a workout for sure. In a recent study, researchers compared the effects of walking, stretching and dancing on the wiring and gray matter of the aging brain. The result showed dancing had the significantly positive effect. In the experiment, after volunteers in their 60s and 70s with healthy brains didn't show signs of cognitive (认知的) disorder, researchers placed them in three groups at will. One group walked, another group stretched and did balance training and the last group learned country dancing. The arrangements of the dancing became progressively more challenging over time. They all did the assigned activity for one hour a day, three times a week. After a period of six months, the volunteers' brains were re-scanned and compared to their brains when they had begun their voluntary work. Agnieszka Burzynska, the study's lead author who is currently a neuroscientist and director of the BRAiN Lab at Colorado State University, found only one group showed a memory improvement — the country dancers. The participants who learned country dancing now had richer white matter in the part of the brain that processed memory. White matter usually breaks down as a person ages, which may lead to cognitive decline. Dancing, therefore, protected the brain from aging-caused neurodegeneration. So, dancing is not just an aerobic activity good for your physical health. It helps your brain, too! Country dancing, ballroom dancing, tango and waltz are all done with others. When you take part in these dances, you're involved in a beneficial social activity as well. You are also cognitively motivating your brain as you learn the steps of the dances. Dancing therefore might be one of the best physical activities you can choose for brain health. 12. What's the purpose of paragraph 1? A. To add background material. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C To raise questions about exercise. D. To present experimental conditions. 13. What can we learn about the volunteers in the experiment? A. They were grouped at random. B. They were under cognitive decline. C. They were all asked to learn dancing. D. They were all born in the 1960s and 1970s. 14. What did the researchers mainly intend to prove through the experiment? A. The brain function of volunteers. B. The cognitive disorder of volunteers. C The relationship between age and dancing. D. The effect of dancing on the volunteers' brains. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How Dancing Affects People's Lifestyle B. Why Dancing Is the Best Social Activity C. How Dancing Helps People's Brain Health D. Why Country Dancing Is Beneficial to People's Health 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Sleep is very important for protecting and maintaining people's normal activities. It can supplement the energy of your body, enhance your resistance, promote the normal growth and development of your body. ____16____ The first step is to switch your pillow. The poor pillow deserves a rest if you're constantly beating it, turning it over and upside down. ____17____ And then you can put a sweet-smelling pillow towel on it and try again. Choosing the right pillow is another choice. One Swedish study found that neck pillows can actually improve the quality of your sleep as well as reduce neck pain. ____18____ And it should provide neck support. A pillow with two supporting cores received the best rating from the 55 people who participated in the study. Another study found that water-filled pillows and pillows made of natural fibers provided a good night's sleep when compared to participants' usual pillows or roll pillows. ____19____ Even the barely noticeable light from streetlights, a full moon or your neighbor's house can interfere with the circadian rhythm changes you need to fall asleep. So it is necessary to block out some light with proper fabrics. Besides, cleaning your bedroom and painting it comforting green are helpful. The more mess, the more distractions in the way of a good night's sleep. Instead, the smooth and clean surfaces act as a comfort to your brain, helping to smooth out your own worries and mental to-do lists. ____20____ It can relax you as you lie in bed reading or preparing for sleep. A. You should find a new pillow from the closet. B. However, oversleeping isn't good for you either. C. The ideal neck pillow should be soft and not too high. D. The comforting color provides a visual reminder of sleep. E. It is very comfortable to enjoy some light in your bedroom. F. But how can you get the sleep your body needs and deserves? G. You'd better switch to heavier curtains over the windows and use them. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 My first caregiving experience involved driving 180 miles every day to see my grandmother who was terminally ill. I was certainly ____21____ as the weeks turned into months, but the desire to ____22____ my grandmother in her last days was overwhelming(无法抗拒的). Years later, my 87-year-old father ____23____ more nursing skills than I could provide. As he lived 700 miles away from me, I deeply ____24____ that I couldn't take care of him myself, but I thought my nightly phone calls, filled with laughter and family news, provided him with ____25____ support. Then, ____26____, because of cancer, I became the one who needed ____27____. Friends provided meals, house cleaning, and rides to appointments. The ____28____ I felt for these acts of kindness was beyond words. It was also because of their thoughtfulness that I could focus all my energy on ____29____ my body and mind. Soon afterwards in trying to find a meaningful purpose, I _____30_____ the idea of offering assistance to other caregivers. I was _____31_____ with both sides of the struggle, and this allowed me to pay it forward for the incredible amount of support I had received. A(n) _____32_____ arose when a caregiver I knew for years was unable to travel to her winter home in Florida. While recovering from surgery, she was _____33_____ to drive. When she asked me to be the driver, I didn't _____34_____, so we headed south on an adventure. Now, due to the pandemic, I have to paused the program, but I look forward to _____35_____ my journey of caring for caregivers soon. I welcome the chance to lift the burden off their shoulders, even if it's for just a minute. 21 A. relieved B. delighted C. frustrated D. exhausted 22. A. rescue B. comfort C. please D. protect 23. A. required B. allowed C. brought D. led 24. A. assumed B. regretted C. feared D. doubted 25. A. professional B. physical C. financial D. emotional 26. A. unfortunately B. gradually C. eventually D. surprisingly 27. A. encouragement B. attention C. care D. guidance 28. A. bravery B. modesty C. gratitude D. dependence 29. A. healing B. creating C. bothering D. making 30. A. reflected on B. came upon C. went over D. focused on 31. A. faced B. occupied C. familiar D. bored 32. A. problem B. crisis C. opportunity D. emergency 33. A. forbidden B. expected C. supposed D. determined 34. A. respond B. hesitate C. struggle D. compromise 35. A. extending B. planning C. finishing D. continuing 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题, 共55分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recycling plays ____36____ major role in fighting against pollution. By recycling paper, we not only save our trees, but we also recycle glass bottles, milk cartons and plastics. It is known to all ____37____ recycling preserves many non-renewable resources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Now cleaners send ____38____ (little)household waste to landfill sites than before and less energy is required when we are making new materials from old ones. Health regulations once prevented recycled plastics from being made use ____39____ to make food containers but new technology has seen this ban lifted in some countries. Rain water ___40___ (collect)from roads and roofs of buildings is also recycled. Water treatment plants treat millions of liters a day, ___41___ (remove)bacteria and something unwanted. The recycled water cannot be drunk ____42____ can be used to wash cars, water trees and fight fires, etc. This ____43____ (mean)there is a reduced demand on drinking water supplies. New technology is ____44____ (constant)improving recycling techniques in Europe, America and Japan, but countries with small populations may find that these new techniques are so expensive that they cannot _____45_____ (use)in the immediate future. 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华, 你校英语社团将组织20名学生去伦敦参加为期一周的中英文化交流活动。请你写一封信申请参加, 内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 希望获准。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Sir/Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I sat at the breakfast table with my four-year-old son, Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for strength and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless. Suddenly, Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird!” he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree (橡胶树). It sat there for a few moments, and then flew away. Strange, I’d never seen one in our neighborhood before. When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time it was with a mate carrying sticks. “Look Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree. Matthew could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door (滑动玻璃门), talking to the birds while they worked. His happiness was influential. As much as I was sad, I couldn’t help but look forward to the doves’ visits too. Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the rubber tree’s broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) break apart. I surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t blame the doves if they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from the beginning. Again, though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they started again, as if nothing had happened. 注意： 1．续写词数应为100左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I knew I had to do something. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 AABCA6-10 CABCA11-15 CACCB 16-20 BCBAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第二学期期末调研考试 高一英语试题 本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分, 考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上, 并将自己的准考证号、座 位号填写在本试卷上。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再涂选其他答案标号, 涂写在本试卷上无效。 3. 作答非选择题时, 请用直径0. 5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内 作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效, 在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第I 卷(选择题, 共95分) 第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分) 做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman refuse the man's invitation? A. She can't afford the time. B. She doesn't like the movie. C. She is in hospital for treatment. 2. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A job. B. A training course. C. An interesting experience. 3. How does the woman feel about the man? A. Thankful. B. Dissatisfied. C. Proud. 4. Why does the woman look troubled? A. Because she has to leave her friend. B. Because she doesn't like living in the dorm. C. Because she can't manage to move house herself. 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a clothing store. B. At the doctor's. C. At home. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To do a task for a program. B. To sell books. C. To do a survey. 7. Who does the woman admire most? A. An actress. B. A writer. C. A dancer. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. How much will the man pay for the room per night? A. $50. B. $62. C. $75. 9. What does the man care about most? A. The telephone. B. The television. C. The Internet. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the man doing? A. Telling the woman about a teacher. B. Introducing a course to the woman. C. Helping the woman with her homework. 11. What does the man like most about Dr. Miller? A. His patience. B. His seriousness. C. His understanding. 12. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman is going to take Dr. Miller's class. B. The man had a teacher like Dr. Miller before. C. Dr. Miller has been teaching in England for 10 years. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. How much does the man have to pay to join the club? A. 1. 50. B. 2. C. 5. 14. Why does Video Club hold a meeting? A. To send out a list of films. B. To introduce films from abroad. C. To collect information on popular films. 15. What films are most people interested in? A. British films. B. American films. 16. How will the man get the form? A. He'll have it by post. B. He'll pick it up himself. C. He'll get it from the club's website. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. When does the speaker usually go to the health club? A. In the evening. B. At noon. 18. What does the speaker have in the morning? A. A sandwich. B. Some coffee. C. A hamburger. 19. Where does the speaker have her lunch? A. In her office. B. At her home. C. In a restaurant. 20. What does the speaker usually do on Sunday evenings? A. Play soccer. B. Play tennis. C. Go swimming. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。 A Bridge Design All Over the World Hartland Covered Bridge The Hartland Covered Bridge is the world’s longest covered bridge. The 1,282-foot-longbridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980. Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921. Rio-Niteroi Bridge Completed in 1974, the Rio-Niteroi Bridge in Brazil is the second-longest bridge in all of Latin America connecting the cities of Rio and Niteroi across the Guanabara Bay. The Rio-Niteroi Bridge is technically known as a “box-girder” bridge, made of special concrete. It receives an astonishing 140,000 (or more) vehicles per day. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge No bridge is as long as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the world. The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China operates as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip from Ningbo to Jiaxing that previously took 4.5 hours has been reduced to two, thanks to this bridge. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title of “longest continuous bridge over water” was given to the causeway, with the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge receiving the title of “longest bridge over water”. 1. What is the special feature of the Hartland Covered Bridge? A. It has a roof. B. It is a busy bridge. C. It is a wooden bridge. D. It is the longest bridge. 2. Which of the following bridge can trains pass through? A. Rio-Niteroi Bridge. B. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge. C. Hartland Covered Bridge. D. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge. 3. Where can you find the earliest bridge in the four countries? A. In America. B. In Brazil. C. In Canada. D. In China. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了过去的一个世纪里人类修建的四座有特色的桥梁。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hartland Covered Bridge中“Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.”（虽然这座桥最初是没有屋顶的，但在1921年的维修期间，桥上覆盖了木制材料。）可知，该桥的特别之处在于它有木制屋顶。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge中“The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway.”（这座164.8公里长的大桥建于2011年，是京沪高速铁路的一部分。）可知，因为该大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，由此可知，火车可以从桥上通过。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hartland Covered Bridge中“The 1, 282-foot-longbridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980.”（这座长1282英尺的大桥于1901年开通，自1980年以来一直被列入加拿大国家历史遗址名单。）及Rio-Niteroi Bridge中“Completed in 1974”（完成于1974年。）及Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge中“The 164. 8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011”（这座164.8公里长的桥建于2011年。）以及Jiaozhou Bay Bridge中“The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011”（中国新建的胶州湾大桥于2011年被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上大桥”。）可知，加拿大的Hartland Covered Bridge历史最早。故选C项。 B A few years ago, we celebrated Frankenstein’s 200th birthday. This famous book, written by British novelist Mary Shelley (1797 — 1851), is rightly known as the first work of science fiction. Frankenstein is the name of a doctor who creates a creature from human body parts. The doctor’s ambitions for his work are noble, but his experiment has disastrous results. Shelley was writing in an age when science was beginning to have a great impact on the world. People had different attitudes toward science then. Some found it inspiring — they thought of the progress medicine was making in curing common illnesses. But others found it a little frightening — it was changing life, making it a lot less familiar. Science plays a bigger part in our lives than it did two centuries ago. Today, science has brought us great things like the Internet, but also nuclear weapons, which, if used in large numbers, could kill off our species. Science still therefore creates the mixed feelings it did in Shelley’s day. It’s because Shelley saw both the promise and the danger of science that she’s still an influence today. In fact, her subtitle of the book, The Modern Prometheus (普罗米修斯), shows how important myth (神话) was to the writer. Prometheus, a figure from classical Creek mythology, written by ancient Creek playwright Sophocles, steals fire from the gods and gives it to people, an act for which he is terribly punished. Shelley’s husband, the famous poet Percy Shelley, wrote about him in Prometheus Unbound. In the poem, he is a revolutionary hero, who triumphs over the gods. In Mary Shelley’s book, however, her modern Prometheus, Dr Frankenstein, is a highly controversial figure, who sacrifices his home and life for his crazy addiction to his creation. In short, Mary Shelley’s book is not just a scary and moving story, but a philosophical tale that, even after 200 years, still speaks to modern readers. 4. What can we know about Dr Frankenstein and the creature he made? A. He created it with animal parts. B. He managed to kill it in the end. C. He created it with good intentions. D. He was aware of its dangers before its creation. 5. Compared with Prometheus in Greek mythology, Dr Frankenstein . A. is a revolutionary hero B. has inspired many poets C. suffers little for what he does D. leads to a lot of controversy 6. Why do today’s readers still relate to Mary Shelley? A. Her work discusses what it means to be human. B. Her work warns people of the two sides of science. C. Her work explains that any life deserves our respect. D. Her work proves the important role of science in life. 7. What type of text is this? A. A biography. B. A book review. C. A short story. D. A news report. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评。介绍了作家Mary Shelley的经典小说Frankenstein的写作背景，创作意图，文化内涵，重点挖掘其对现代社会的启示。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Frankenstein is the name of a doctor who creates a creature from human body parts. The doctor’s ambitions for his work are noble, but his experiment has disastrous results.(弗兰肯斯坦是一个医生的名字，他从人体部位创造了一个生物。这位医生对他的工作有崇高的抱负，但他的实验却产生了灾难性的结果)”可知，Frankenstein创造那个生物的初衷是好的。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Prometheus, a figure from classical Greek mythology, written by ancient Greek playwright Sophocles, steals fire from the gods and gives it to people, an act for which he is terribly punished.(Prometheus是古希腊剧作家Sophocles创作的古典希腊神话中的一个人物，他从众神那里偷火给人，因此受到了严厉的惩罚)”和倒数第二段“Dr Frankenstein, is a highly controversial figure, who sacrifices his home and life for his crazy addiction to his creation.(Dr Frankenstein是一个极具争议的人物，他为了疯狂沉迷于自己的发明而牺牲了自己的家庭和生活)”可知，与希腊神话中的Prometheus相比，Dr Frankenstein引起了一些争论，故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s because Shelley saw both the promise and the danger of science that she’s still an influence today.(正是因为雪莱看到了科学的希望和危险，她今天仍然有影响力)”可知，今天的读者仍然对Mary Shelley感兴趣是因为她的作品提醒人们注意科学的两面性。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“This famous book, written by British novelist Mary Shelley (1797—1851), is rightly known as the first work of science fiction. Frankenstein is the name of a doctor who creates a creature from human body parts. The doctor’s ambitions for his work are noble, but his experiment has disastrous results.(这部由英国小说家Mary Shelley(1797-1851)所著的名著，被公认为是科幻小说的第一部。弗兰肯斯坦是一位医生的名字，他用人类的身体部位创造出一种生物。这位医生对他的工作有崇高的抱负，但他的实验却产生了灾难性的结果)”可知，这是一篇书评，介绍了作家Mary Shelley的经典小说Frankenstein的写作背景，创作意图，文化内涵，重点挖掘其对现代社会的启示。故选B。 C Who first proposed the holiday for workers? It’s not entirely clear, but two workers can make a solid claim to the Founder of Labor Day title. Some records show that in 1882, Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a co-founder of the American Federation of Labor, suggested setting aside a day for a “general holiday for the laboring classes”. But many believe that machinist Matthew Maguire, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883. By 1894, 23 more states had adopted the holiday, and on June 28, 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed a law making the first Monday in September of each year a national holiday. Many Americans celebrate Labor Day with parades (游行), picnics and parties — festivities very similar to those outlined by the first proposal for a holiday, which suggested that the day should be observed with a street parade to exhibit “the strength and spirits of the trade and labor organizations” of the community, followed by a festival for the recreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by important official men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civil significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909,the Sunday before Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to (致力于) the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement. American labor has raised the nation’s standard of living and contributed to the greatest production the world has ever known and the labor movement has brought us closer to the realization of our traditional ideals of economic and political democracy. 8. What can we know from paragraph 2? A. People’s views about the founder of Labor Day vary. B. The author considered Matthew Maguire the founder. C. Peter J. McGuire wanted to set a few days for a holiday. D. Labor Day was originally set up for American machinists. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The real meaning of Labor Day B. The development of Labor Day C. The reason of setting Labor Day D. People’s emphasis on Labor Day 10. What does the underlined word “festivities” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Manners B. Approaches C. Rewards D. Celebrations 11. Which of the following does the author agree with? A It is known that America develops very fast. B. The original meaning of Labor Day changes C It is worthwhile to set a day for the laborer D. The labor movement makes the life unsteady 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。全文介绍了美国劳动节的由来，以及劳动节的巨大意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“Some records show that in 1882, Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a co-founder of the American Federation of Labor, suggested setting aside a day for a “general holiday for the laboring classes”. But many believe that machinist Matthew Maguire, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday.(一些记录显示，1882年，木匠和木匠兄弟会的秘书长、美国劳工联合会的联合创始人Peter J. McGuire建议为“劳动阶级的公共假日”留出一天。但许多人认为机械师马修·马奎尔，而不是彼得·麦奎尔，创立了这个节日。)”可知，人们对于谁建立了劳动节说法不一。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第三段“The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883. By 1894, 23 more states had adopted the holiday, and on June 28, 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed a law making the first Monday in September of each year a national holiday.(根据中央工会的计划，第一个劳动节假期于1882年9月5日星期二在纽约市庆祝。中央工会在一年后的1883年9月5日举行了第二次劳动节假期。到1894年，又有23个州采纳了这一节日。1894年6月28日，格罗弗·克利夫兰总统签署了一项法律，将每年9月的第一个星期一定为全国性节日。)”可知，第三段从第一次建立劳动节开始，一直讲述到1894年官方确立劳动节，因此全段讲述了劳动节的发展历程。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“Many Americans celebrate Labor Day with parades (游行), picnics and parties (许多美国人以游行、野餐和聚会的方式来庆祝劳动节)”可知，破折号后的festivities是对此的进一步解释，故其在这里是“庆祝活动”的意思。A. Manners方式；B. Approaches方法；C. Rewards奖励；D. Celebrations庆典。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后两段“Speeches by important official men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civil significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909,the Sunday before Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to (致力于) the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement. American labor has raised the nation’s standard of living and contributed to the greatest production the world has ever known and the labor movement has brought us closer to the realization of our traditional ideals of economic and political democracy.(由于人们更加强调这个节日的经济和民间意义，后来又有重要的官员男女发表讲话。再后来，根据1909年美国劳工联合会会议的一项决议，劳动节之前的星期天被定为劳动星期日，并致力于劳工运动的精神和教育方面。美国劳工提高了国家的生活水平，为世界上最伟大的生产做出了贡献，工人运动使我们更接近实现我们传统的经济和政治民主理想。)”可知，最后两段讲述人们对劳动节的重视程度日益加深，劳动者在提高人们生活水平方面起到了重要作用，因此可以推断，作者在最后两段强调为劳动者建立节日是非常值得的。故C选项正确，其余选项并未提及。故选C。 D Whether you prefer solo dancing or being involved in a more formalized program, dancing offers the obvious plus to your physical health. You're not only moving your body in a rhythmic way and expressing feelings but also burning calories in your body and getting a workout for sure. In a recent study, researchers compared the effects of walking, stretching and dancing on the wiring and gray matter of the aging brain. The result showed dancing had the significantly positive effect. In the experiment, after volunteers in their 60s and 70s with healthy brains didn't show signs of cognitive (认知) disorder, researchers placed them in three groups at will. One group walked, another group stretched and did balance training and the last group learned country dancing. The arrangements of the dancing became progressively more challenging over time. They all did the assigned activity for one hour a day, three times a week. After a period of six months, the volunteers' brains were re-scanned and compared to their brains when they had begun their voluntary work. Agnieszka Burzynska, the study's lead author who is currently a neuroscientist and director of the BRAiN Lab at Colorado State University, found only one group showed a memory improvement — the country dancers. The participants who learned country dancing now had richer white matter in the part of the brain that processed memory. White matter usually breaks down as a person ages, which may lead to cognitive decline. Dancing, therefore, protected the brain from aging-caused neurodegeneration. So, dancing is not just an aerobic activity good for your physical health. It helps your brain, too! Country dancing, ballroom dancing, tango and waltz are all done with others. When you take part in these dances, you're involved in a beneficial social activity as well. You are also cognitively motivating your brain as you learn the steps of the dances. Dancing therefore might be one of the best physical activities you can choose for brain health. 12. What's the purpose of paragraph 1? A. To add background material. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To raise questions about exercise. D. To present experimental conditions. 13. What can we learn about the volunteers in the experiment? A. They were grouped at random. B. They were under cognitive decline. C. They were all asked to learn dancing. D. They were all born in the 1960s and 1970s. 14. What did the researchers mainly intend to prove through the experiment? A. The brain function of volunteers. B. The cognitive disorder of volunteers. C. The relationship between age and dancing. D. The effect of dancing on the volunteers' brains. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How Dancing Affects People's Lifestyle B. Why Dancing Is the Best Social Activity C. How Dancing Helps People's Brain Health D. Why Country Dancing Is Beneficial to People's Health 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了跳舞不仅仅是一项有氧运动，对你的身体健康有好处，它也有助于你的大脑。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Whether you prefer solo dancing or being involved in a more formalized program, dancing offers the obvious plus to your physical health. You're not only moving your body in a rhythmic way and expressing feelings but also burning calories in your body and getting a workout for sure.(无论你是喜欢独舞还是参加正规的舞蹈项目，跳舞对你的身体健康都有明显的好处。你不仅以一种有节奏的方式运动你的身体，表达你的感受,而且也燃烧了你身体的卡路里，锻炼了身体)”可推知，第一段的目的是引出话题：舞蹈的好处。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In the experiment, after volunteers in their 60s and 70s with healthy brains didn't show signs of cognitive (认知的) disorder, researchers placed them in three groups at will.(在实验中，60多岁和70多岁的志愿者大脑健康，没有出现认知障碍的迹象，研究人员将他们随意分成三组)”可知，志愿者被随意分组。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“So, dancing is not just an aerobic activity good for your physical health. It helps your brain, too! (所以，跳舞不仅仅是一项有氧运动，对你的身体健康有好处。它也有助于你的大脑！)”可推知，研究者通过这个实验想证明跳舞对志愿者的大脑的影响。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Dancing therefore might be one of the best physical activities you can choose for brain health.(因此，跳舞可能是你可以选择的对大脑健康最好的体育活动之一)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讨论跳舞不仅对身体健康有好处，也有助于大脑的健康。由此可知，C项“跳舞如何帮助人们的大脑健康”可作本文最佳标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Sleep is very important for protecting and maintaining people's normal activities. It can supplement the energy of your body, enhance your resistance, promote the normal growth and development of your body. ____16____ The first step is to switch your pillow. The poor pillow deserves a rest if you're constantly beating it, turning it over and upside down. ____17____ And then you can put a sweet-smelling pillow towel on it and try again. Choosing the right pillow is another choice. One Swedish study found that neck pillows can actually improve the quality of your sleep as well as reduce neck pain. ____18____ And it should provide neck support. A pillow with two supporting cores received the best rating from the 55 people who participated in the study. Another study found that water-filled pillows and pillows made of natural fibers provided a good night's sleep when compared to participants' usual pillows or roll pillows. ____19____ Even the barely noticeable light from streetlights, a full moon or your neighbor's house can interfere with the circadian rhythm changes you need to fall asleep. So it is necessary to block out some light with proper fabrics. Besides, cleaning your bedroom and painting it comforting green are helpful. The more mess, the more distractions in the way of a good night's sleep. Instead, the smooth and clean surfaces act as a comfort to your brain, helping to smooth out your own worries and mental to-do lists. ____20____ It can relax you as you lie in bed reading or preparing for sleep. A. You should find a new pillow from the closet. B. However, oversleeping isn't good for you either. C. The ideal neck pillow should be soft and not too high. D. The comforting color provides a visual reminder of sleep. E. It is very comfortable to enjoy some light in your bedroom. F. But how can you get the sleep your body needs and deserves? G. You'd better switch to heavier curtains over the windows and use them. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了如何获得身体需要的有质量的睡眠的方式。 【16题详解】 上文“Sleep is very important for protecting and maintaining people's normal activities. It can supplement the energy of your body, enhance your resistance, promote the normal growth and development of your body.(睡眠对于保护和维持人们的正常活动非常重要。它可以补充你身体的能量，增强你的抵抗力，促进你身体的正常生长和发育。)讲述了睡眠对身体健康的重要性，由下文的“The first step is to switch your pillow.( 第一步是换个枕头)”“Choosing the right pillow is another choice.( 选择合适的枕头是另一个选择。)”等可知，下文讲述如何获得一个好的睡眠，空格处承上启下，因此推断F项“但是你怎样才能得到你身体需要的和值得的睡眠呢？”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“The poor pillow deserves a rest if you're constantly beating it, turning it over and upside down.( 如果你不停地捶打枕头，把它翻个底朝天，可怜的枕头就该休息一下了。)”讲述换掉枕头，A项“你应该去衣柜里找个新枕头”符合语境。“a new pillow”呼应上文的“he poor pillow deserves a rest”。故选A。 【18题详解】 下文“And it should provide neck support. A pillow with two supporting cores received the best rating from the 55 people who participated in the study.(它应该提供颈部支撑。在参与这项研究55名参与者中，带有两个支撑芯的枕头得到了最好的评价。)”讲述理想的枕头应该有很好的支撑，C项“理想的颈枕应该是柔软的，不能太高”符合语境和下文“它应该提供颈部支撑”是并列关系。讲述理想的枕头的标准。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Even the barely noticeable light from streetlights, a full moon or your neighbor's house can interfere with the circadian rhythm changes you need to fall asleep. So it is necessary to block out some light with proper fabrics.(即使是街灯、满月或邻居家几乎不明显的光线，也会干扰你入睡时需要的昼夜节律变化。所以有必要用适当的织物来阻挡一些光线。)”可知，下文谈论的是阻挡一些光线有助于睡眠，故G项“你最好换一套更厚的窗帘来挂在窗户上”为该段的主旨句。引出下文的解释。故选G。 【20题详解】 上文“Besides, cleaning your bedroom and painting it comforting green are helpful. The more mess, the more distractions in the way of a good night's sleep. Instead, the smooth and clean surfaces act as a comfort to your brain, helping to smooth out your own worries and mental to-do lists.(此外，打扫你的卧室，把它涂成舒适的绿色也很有帮助。越混乱，越容易分心不好入睡。相反，光滑干净的表面对你的大脑是一种安慰，帮助你消除你的担忧和心理上的待办事项清单。)”说明舒适的绿色，光滑干净的表面有利于入睡，下文“It can relax you as you lie in bed reading or preparing for sleep.(当你躺在床上阅读或准备睡觉时，它可以让你放松下来。)”说明空格处提到的事物可以让你放松，故D项“舒适的颜色提供了睡眠的视觉暗示”承上启下，符合本段对颜色的讲述，下文的it指代上文提到的“The comforting color”。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 My first caregiving experience involved driving 180 miles every day to see my grandmother who was terminally ill. I was certainly ____21____ as the weeks turned into months, but the desire to ____22____ my grandmother in her last days was overwhelming(无法抗拒的). Years later, my 87-year-old father ____23____ more nursing skills than I could provide. As he lived 700 miles away from me, I deeply ____24____ that I couldn't take care of him myself, but I thought my nightly phone calls, filled with laughter and family news, provided him with ____25____ support. Then, ____26____, because of cancer, I became the one who needed ____27____. Friends provided meals, house cleaning, and rides to appointments. The ____28____ I felt for these acts of kindness was beyond words. It was also because of their thoughtfulness that I could focus all my energy on ____29____ my body and mind. Soon afterwards in trying to find a meaningful purpose, I _____30_____ the idea of offering assistance to other caregivers. I was _____31_____ with both sides of the struggle, and this allowed me to pay it forward for the incredible amount of support I had received. A(n) _____32_____ arose when a caregiver I knew for years was unable to travel to her winter home in Florida. While recovering from surgery, she was _____33_____ to drive. When she asked me to be the driver, I didn't _____34_____, so we headed south on an adventure. Now, due to the pandemic, I have to paused the program, but I look forward to _____35_____ my journey of caring for caregivers soon. I welcome the chance to lift the burden off their shoulders, even if it's for just a minute. 21. A. relieved B. delighted C. frustrated D. exhausted 22. A. rescue B. comfort C. please D. protect 23. A. required B. allowed C. brought D. led 24. A. assumed B. regretted C. feared D. doubted 25. A. professional B. physical C. financial D. emotional 26. A. unfortunately B. gradually C. eventually D. surprisingly 27. A. encouragement B. attention C. care D. guidance 28. A. bravery B. modesty C. gratitude D. dependence 29. A. healing B. creating C. bothering D. making 30. A. reflected on B. came upon C. went over D. focused on 31. A. faced B. occupied C. familiar D. bored 32. A. problem B. crisis C. opportunity D. emergency 33. A. forbidden B. expected C. supposed D. determined 34. A. respond B. hesitate C. struggle D. compromise 35. A. extending B. planning C. finishing D. continuing 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在照顾患病家人的过程中，体会到了照顾者的艰辛，并决定为其他照顾者提供帮助的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着几周变成几个月，我当然感到筋疲力尽，但在祖母最后的日子里安慰她的愿望是无法抗拒的。A. relieved宽慰的；B. delighted高兴的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据上文“driving 180 miles every day to see my grandmother who was terminally ill”可知，作者每天都要开车180英里去看望患重病的祖母，因此感到筋疲力尽，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第1题。A. rescue营救；B. comfort安慰；C. please取悦；D. protect保护。根据上文“My first caregiving experience involved driving 180 miles every day to see my grandmother who was terminally ill”可知，作者想要安慰患重病的祖母，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我87岁的父亲需要的护理技能比我所能提供的要多。A. required需要；B. allowed允许；C. brought带来；D. led领导。根据下文“more nursing skills than I could provide”可知，作者的父亲需要的护理技能比作者能提供的要多，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他住的地方离我有700英里远，我深感遗憾不能亲自照顾他，但我认为我每晚的电话，充满了笑声和家庭新闻，为他提供了情感支持。A. assumed假设；B. regretted后悔；C. feared害怕；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“I couldn't take care of him myself”可知，作者不能亲自照顾父亲，因此感到遗憾，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第4题。A. professional专业的；B. physical身体的；C. financial经济的；D. emotional情感的。根据上文“filled with laughter and family news”可知，作者的电话充满了笑声和家庭新闻，这为父亲提供了情感支持，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，不幸的是，因为癌症，我成了需要照顾的人。A. unfortunately不幸地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. eventually最终；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据下文“because of cancer, I became the one who needed care”可知，作者因为癌症而需要照顾，这是一件不幸的事情，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第6题。A. encouragement鼓励；B. attention注意；C. care照顾；D. guidance指导。根据下文“Friends provided meals, house cleaning, and rides to appointments”可知，朋友们为作者提供餐食、打扫房屋、接送去约会等服务，这些都是照顾作者的表现，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对这些善行的感激之情无法用言语表达。A. bravery勇敢；B. modesty谦虚；C. gratitude感激；D. dependence依赖。根据下文“for these acts of kindness”可知，作者对这些善行表示感激，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也正是因为他们的体贴，我才能把所有的精力都集中在治愈我的身体和心灵上。A. healing治愈；B. creating创造；C. bothering打扰；D. making制作。根据上文“It was also because of their thoughtfulness that I could focus all my energy on”可知，作者因为朋友的体贴，才能把所有的精力都集中在治愈身体和心灵上，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久之后，在寻找一个有意义的目标时，我偶然想到了为其他照顾者提供帮助的想法。A. reflected on反思；B. came upon偶然想到；C. went over复习；D. focused on专注于。根据下文“the idea of offering assistance to other caregivers”可知，作者偶然想到了为其他照顾者提供帮助的想法，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对双方的挣扎都很熟悉，这让我能够为我所获得的难以置信的支持付出回报。A. faced面对；B. occupied占据；C. familiar熟悉的；D. bored无聊的。根据下文“with both sides of the struggle”可知，作者对双方的挣扎都很熟悉，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一位我认识多年的照顾者无法前往她在佛罗里达的冬季住所时，一个机会出现了。A. problem问题；B. crisis危机；C. opportunity机会；D. emergency紧急情况。根据下文“when a caregiver I knew for years was unable to travel to her winter home in Florida”可知，作者认识多年的照顾者无法前往她在佛罗里达的冬季住所，这为作者提供了一个帮助她的机会，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在从手术中恢复期间，她被禁止开车。A. forbidden禁止；B. expected期待；C. supposed假设；D. determined决定。根据上文“While recovering from surgery”可知，照顾者在从手术中恢复期间，被禁止开车，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她请我当司机时，我没有犹豫，所以我们开始了向南的冒险之旅。A. respond回应；B. hesitate犹豫；C. struggle挣扎；D. compromise妥协。根据下文“so we headed south on an adventure”可知，作者没有犹豫，立刻答应了照顾者的请求，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，由于大流行病，我不得不暂停这个项目，但我期待着很快继续我的照顾照顾者的旅程。A. extending延伸；B. planning计划；C. finishing完成；D. continuing继续。根据上文“I have to paused the program”可知，作者暂停了这个项目，但期待着很快继续，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题, 共55分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recycling plays ____36____ major role in fighting against pollution. By recycling paper, we not only save our trees, but we also recycle glass bottles, milk cartons and plastics. It is known to all ____37____ recycling preserves many non-renewable resources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Now cleaners send ____38____ (little)household waste to landfill sites than before and less energy is required when we are making new materials from old ones. Health regulations once prevented recycled plastics from being made use ____39____ to make food containers but new technology has seen this ban lifted in some countries. Rain water ___40___ (collect)from roads and roofs of buildings is also recycled. Water treatment plants treat millions of liters a day, ___41___ (remove)bacteria and something unwanted. The recycled water cannot be drunk ____42____ can be used to wash cars, water trees and fight fires, etc. This ____43____ (mean)there is a reduced demand on drinking water supplies. New technology is ____44____ (constant)improving recycling techniques in Europe, America and Japan, but countries with small populations may find that these new techniques are so expensive that they cannot _____45_____ (use)in the immediate future. 【答案】36. a 37. that 38. less 39. of 40. collected 41. removing 42. but 43. means 44. constantly 45. be used 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了回收利用在对抗污染方面的重要作用，以及新技术在提高回收利用率方面的应用。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：回收利用在对抗污染方面起着重要作用。play a major role in是固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”，故填a。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：众所周知，回收利用保护了许多不可再生资源，减少了温室气体排放。it is known to all that 是固定句型，意为“众所周知”，其中that引导主语从句，故填that。 【38题详解】 考查比较级。句意：现在清洁工送到垃圾填埋场的家居垃圾比以前少了。根据than before可知，此处是把现在和以前进行比较，此处应使用比较级，故填less。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：健康法规曾经禁止回收塑料被用来制造食品容器，但新技术已经使一些国家取消了这一禁令。make use of 是固定搭配，意为“利用”，故填of。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从道路和建筑物屋顶收集的雨水也被回收利用。rain water与collect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语，故填collected。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：水处理厂每天处理数百万升水，去除细菌和不需要的东西。water treatment plants与remove之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填removing。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：回收的水不能饮用，但可以用于洗车、浇灌树木和灭火等。根据句意可知，此处表示转折关系，故填but。 【43题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：这意味着对饮用水供应的需求减少了。主语this是单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，故填means。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：新技术正在不断改善欧洲、美国和日本的回收技术。修饰动词improving应使用副词，故填constantly。 【45题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：人口较少的国家可能会发现这些新技术如此昂贵，以至于他们在不久的将来无法使用。these new techniques与use之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，故填be used。 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华, 你校英语社团将组织20名学生去伦敦参加为期一周的中英文化交流活动。请你写一封信申请参加, 内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 希望获准。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Sir/Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir /Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student of our school. Learning about your upcoming cultural exchange program, I am writing to apply for it. To begin with, I’m deeply interested in traditional Chinese culture, which has a long history and many unique traditions and customs. Besides, I’m skillful at making varieties of kites and paper cutting. I can share the fascinating aspects of Chinese craftsmanship. By the way, I can also do well in communicating with others in oral English. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语社团将组织20名学生去伦敦参加为期一周的中英文化交流活动。要求考生写一封信申请参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：to begin with→first of all 各种各样：varieties of→various 此外：beside→in addition 考虑：take into account→consider 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I can share the fascinating aspects of Chinese craftsmanship. By the way, I can also do well in communicating with others in oral English. 拓展句：Not only can I share the fascinating aspects of Chinese craftsmanship, but also I can do well in communicating with others in oral English. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To begin with, I’m deeply interested in traditional Chinese culture, which has a long history and many unique traditions and customs. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Besides, I’m skillful at making varieties of kites and paper cutting. (运用了动名词作宾语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I sat at the breakfast table with my four-year-old son, Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for strength and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless. Suddenly, Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird!” he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree (橡胶树). It sat there for a few moments, and then flew away. Strange, I’d never seen one in our neighborhood before. When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time it was with a mate carrying sticks. “Look Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree. Matthew could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door (滑动玻璃门), talking to the birds while they worked. His happiness was influential. As much as I was sad, I couldn’t help but look forward to the doves’ visits too. Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the rubber tree’s broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) break apart. I surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t blame the doves if they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from the beginning. Again, though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they started again, as if nothing had happened. 注意： 1．续写词数应为100左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I knew I had to do something. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had provided brightness during my dark days. Now it was time to help them in return. I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends. I then hammered it into the wall next to the rubber tree. After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit. Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping. Paragraph 2: “It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced. Hearing my son’s excited voice, which was as clear as a bell, I looked up. There they were-swooping and circling near the nest, trying to add some twigs to their new home. A few weeks later, three babies broke free from their shells. “Chirp, chirp,” Matthew sang. I held him in my arms and kissed him, enjoying the happiness of the moment. Looking at their flittering shadows and hearing them chirp, I felt the dim grayness within my heart disappeared, replaced by the strength of life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以故事发展顺序为线索展开，讲述了作者的儿子Matthew每天都看到一些鸽子来到自己家的院子里，作者和儿子注意到鸽子要在橡胶树上筑巢。一天夜里，刮起了一阵大风，把筑在树上的鸽巢掀到地上。作者以为鸽子们再也不回来，但它们又回来了，并且又在树上筑巢。尽管大风又一次摧毁了它们所有的辛勤工作，但是它们继续努力。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我知道我必须做点什么。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何帮助鸽子们，并且等待鸽子们的到来。 ②由第二段首句内容“起作用了!鸟儿又回来了!’马修宣布。”可知，第二段可描写鸽子们回来后的情况。鸽子筑巢给新家添加树枝、孵蛋。这让作者意识到生活充满了无法想象的奇迹和惊喜。 2.续写线索：作者决定帮助鸽子——剪硬布，做成鸟巢的形状，然后把两端固定好——满怀希望地等待——鸽子回来发现新巢——小鸽子孵出——作者感到生活充满奇迹和惊喜 3.词汇激活行为类 ①帮助：help /do sb. a favor/give sb. a hand ②完成：complete/finish/accomplish ③提供：provide / offer/supply 情绪类 ①兴奋的：excited/thrilled ②开心：happiness/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1]I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit.（运用了after和before引导的时间状语从句） 听力1-5 AABCA6-10 CABCA11-15 CACCB 16-20 BCBAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$