Unit 2 Great minds 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教牛津版）

Unit 2 Great minds 知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理 ·模块一 课本词汇清单 ·模块二 词汇详解清单 ·模块三 重点短语清单 ·模块四 核心知识清单 ·模块五 重点语法清单 ·模块六 书面表达清单 ·模块七 当堂限时检测 模块一 课本词汇清单 1.sit v. 坐下---seat n. 座位 2.humour n. 幽默---humorous adj. 幽默的 3.achieve v. 获得---achievement n. 成就 4.invitation n. 邀请---invite v.邀请 5.exact adj. 精确的---exactly adv. 精确地 6.obey v. 遵守---obeyed (p.) 7.theory n. 学说--- theories (pl) 8.pleasure n. 乐事---please v.使开心 9.genius n. 天才---geniuses (pl) 10.perfect adj.完美地---perfectly adv. 完美地 11.astronomy n. 天文学---astronomer adj 天文学家 12.act v. 表演---action n.情节 模块二 词汇详解清单 知识点1：词汇 ◆考点1 consider的用法 过去式和过去分词都是：considered Vi. & vt.怀疑。 After a year we will sympathetically consider an application for reinstatement. 一年后我们会对复职申请予以考虑和批准。 ◆考点2 humour的用法 过去式和过去分词都是：humoured n. 幽默、幽默感 v. 迁就、顺应 There is a wry sense of humour in his work. 他的作品带有一种讽刺意味的幽默。 He has a lively sense of humour and appears naturally confident. 他有一种活泼外向的幽默感，看上去大方自信。 ◆考点3 invitation 的用法 由v. invite衍生而来 n. 邀请、请柬 Entry to this competition is by invitation only. 只有受邀请才能参加本次竞赛。 ◆考点4 pleasure 的用法 n. 令人高兴的事； vt. vi. 使高兴/满意 过去式和过去分词都是：pleasured He mixed business and pleasure in a perfect and dynamic way. 他以互动的方式将工作和娱乐完美地结合起来。 I enjoy pleasure as much as the next person. 我和别人一样愉快。 ◆考点5 avoid的用法 Vt. 避免、预防 过去式和过去分词都是：avoided He heard tires squeal as the car braked to avoid a collision. 为避免相撞而刹车时，他听到了轮胎与地面刺耳的摩擦声。 To avoid damaging the tree, hammer a wooden peg into the hole. 为了不毁坏树，用锤子将一个木栓钉进洞里。 ◆考点6 sense的用法 n. 理解力，判断力 【扩展】senseless adj.无意义的，无感觉的； sensible adj.明智的；合乎情理的 sensibility n.情感，感性，感光度 sensitive adj.敏感的，易受影响的 My sense of justice was offended. 我的正义感被激了起来。 In a sense, both were right. 从某种意义上讲，两者都对。 ◆考点7 trust的用法 v. 信任，信赖 【搭配】trust sb to do sth. 相信某人去做某事 【近义词】believe 【扩展】trustful adj.无疑心的，充满信心的 trustworthy adj.值得信赖的，可靠地 Can they be trusted to look after the house? 可以信赖他们去看护这个房子吗？ ◆考点8 reduce的用法 v.减少，缩小 【名词】reduction n.减少，降低 【近义词】decrease v.减少 【反义词】increase v.增加 It reduces the risks of heart disease.这降低了患心脏病的风险。 模块三 重点短语清单 1.a sense of humour 幽默感 2.play a joke on sb. 跟某人开玩笑 3.join in 参加 4.have no idea 丝毫不知道 5.take a seat 就座 6.a series of 一系列 7.the plot of a story 故事情节 8.leave a message 留口信 9.face a problem 面对困难 10.do Maths 做数学 11.receive an invitation 收到邀请 12.be honest with 与某人以诚相待 13.lose heart 失去信心 14.attract somebody by doing 通过做某事吸引某人 15.give a lecture 开讲座 16.answer a call /call sb back/return one's call 回电话 17.turn pale (脸)变得苍白 18.the law of gravity 万有引力定律 19.go to university 上大学 go to the university 去大学 20.without difficulty 轻而易举 21.let... down 使...失望 22.by heart 单凭记忆能背诵 23.turning point 转折点 24.be in trouble 处于麻烦之中 25.great mind 伟人 26.side by side 肩并肩 27.take a message 捎口信 28.from time to time 时不时 29.wear backwards 穿...前后穿反 30.try again 再次尝试 31.on one’s way to 在某人去...的路上 32.avoid doing 避免做某事 33.tell the truth 告诉真相 34.learn...by heart 记牢 35.in return 作为回报 36.float in the air 漂浮在空中 37.receive a lot of applause 收到很多的掌声 模块四 核心知识清单 1. Listen to a radio programme about some great minds. mind在此用作可数名词，意为“聪明的人；富有才智的人”。 【拓展】mind作名词，还可表示“头脑；大脑；智慧；心思”。 常用短语：make up one's mind 下定决心；change one's mind 改变主意 2. Many people consider Albert Einstein a genius. consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。consider sb./sth. (as) sth. 意为“认为某人 /某物是……”。另外，consider后还可接that从句。 He considers himself a great man. 他认为自己是一个了不起的人。 【拓展】consider还可意为“考虑”，相当于think about，其后可接名词、代词、动 词-ing形式、从句或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。 He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。 3. This story about him shows that he also had a sense of humour. (1) sense可数名词，意为“理解力；判断力”，通常用单数。 sense of humour 幽默感； sense of direction 方向感 (2) humour不可数名词，意为“幽默”。 I like such stories full of humour. 我喜欢这些幽默的故事。 【拓展】humorous形容词，意为“滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的” 4. Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different unniversities. (1) receive及物动词，意为“得到，收到”。 I have just received his reply. 我刚刚收到他的回信。 辨析：receive与accept receive 指客观上“收到”，也可用来表示“接待”和“遭受”。 accept 表示主观上“接受”某人、“承认或赞同”某一看法或理论。 一言辨异 He received a gift but he didn't accept it. 他收到了一件礼物，但他没有接受。 (2) invitation名词，意为“请柬；邀请”，后常接to sth.或to do sth. Have you received an invitation to the party? 你收到参加晚会的请柬了吗？ My father had an invitation to visit his friend in Beijing. 【拓展】invite动词，意为“邀请”。常见用法有： ①invite sb. to... 邀请某人去（某地/某一活动） We invited Miss Gao to our party. 我们邀请高老师来参加我们的聚会。 ②invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 They have invited me to go to Shanghai with them.他们邀请我和他们一同去上海。 5. It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you. pleasure在此用作可数名词，意为“乐事；快事”。“It's a pleasure to do sth.”表示 “做某事是一件乐事”。 It's a pleasure to meet you. 认识你很高兴。 辨析：pleasure，pleasant与pleased pleasure 可数名词 “乐事；快事” 不可数名词 “高兴；快乐”，take pleasure in (doing) sth. 意为“从(做)某事中获得乐趣” pleasant 形容词 “令人愉快的；宜人的”，通常修饰物 pleased 形容词 “高兴的；愉快的”，主语一般是人。be pleased with “对……感到满意”；be pleased to do sth. “乐于做某事” The mother were very pleased with her two daughters. 母亲对两位女儿很满意。 6. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture tonight,Hans,but I don't want to let my audience down. (1) avoid动词，意为“避免，避开”。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”。另外，avoid 后还可接名词或代词作宾语，但不能接动词不定式作宾语。 We got up early to avoid missing the early bus. 我们早起床，以避免错过早班车。 She tried to avoid all the problems. 她尽量避开所有的麻烦。 【拓展】在英语中，有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。常见 的这类动词有finish,enjoy,mind,avoid,practise,miss,keep,suggest等。 (2) lecture可数名词，意为“讲座；演讲”。give a lecture意为“讲课；演讲”；attend a lecture意为“听讲座”。 The scientist gave a lecture to us. 那位科学家给我们讲课了。 Did you attend the lecture on Mark Twain? 你听了那个关于马克•吐温的讲座了吗？ (3) let sb. down 意为“使/令某人失望” She let us down badly yesterday. 昨天她让我们大失所望。 7. I know what to do... what to do为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作动词know的宾语。“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。 When to start is a problem. 何时动身是个难题。 The peasants taught us how to plant rice. 农民教我们怎样种稻子。 The question was where to go. 问题是去哪里？ 8. I've listened to your lecture so many times that I've learnt it by heart. so...that...意为“如此……以至于/以致……”，其中so是副词，用来修饰形容词或 副词。常见结构有： ①so+形容词/副词+that... English is so important that we must learn it well. 英语是如此重要，我们必须学好它。 ②so+many/few+可数名词复数+that... I have made so many mistakes that I can't pass the exam. ③so+much/little(少)+不可数名词+that... I have so little money with me that I can't buy anything. 9. Now we're in trouble. (be) in trouble意为“处于困境；倒霉”。 If he can't finish the work on time, he will be in trouble. Don't laugh at people in trouble. 【拓展】①have trouble with... 在……方面有麻烦/问题 Maybe you will have trouble with your English, but never give up. ②have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 I have some trouble in reading her letter. 10. That's such an easy question that even my driver can answer it. such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，与so...that...不同的是，such是形容词， 用来修饰名词。常见结构有： (1)such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that...=so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that... He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. =He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. (2)such+形容词+可数名词复数+that... These are such difficult maths problems that I can't work them out. (3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that... This is such hard work that few people can finish it on time. 11. ……one of the cleverest women in the world one of the cleverest women意为“最聪明的女人之一”，其结构为“one of+the+ 形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”。 Mozart is one of the most famous musicians in the world. 12. 四花费：spend&pay&take&cost spend 主语通常是人 ①sb. spend...on sth. ②sb. spend...(in) doing sth 指花费时间或金钱 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays for sth. 指人为某物支付金钱 take 主语通常是it It takes sb.some time to do sth. 指花费时间 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs (sb.) some money 指花费金钱 My elder brother spends a lot of money on books every year. Do you usually spend all your free time (in) studying? How much did you pay for the food? It takes us an hour to practise playing basketball every day. The skirt cost me 30 yuan. 13. I'll give you some advice. advice为不可数名词，意为“建议；意见”。常用表达： a/one piece of advice 一条建议；some advice 一些建议 【拓展】①advice的常用搭配： give sb. some advice/give some advice to sb. 给某人提一些建议 ask for advice 征求意见 follow/take one's advice 接受某人的建议 ②advise动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用 于advise sb. (not) to do sth.结构，意为“建议某人（不要）做某事”。 She advised us to wait one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。 14. Why don't you...?=Why not do...?通常用于征求意见、提建议，而不是表示疑问， 意为“你（们）为什么不做……” Why don't you ask the policeman? =Why not ask the policeman? 【拓展】英语中表示建议的常用句型还有： ①What/How about...? ……怎么样？ What/How about going fishing? ②Would you like...? 你想要……吗？ Would you like something to drink? ③Let's...! 让我们……吧！ Let's play a game! ④You'd better... 你最好…… You'd better stay at home on such a hot day. 模块五 重点语法清单 1.动词不定式 1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。 1.2.动词不定式的功能 （1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。 （2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。 例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。 （3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺 continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝 （4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 （5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。 例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。 （6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。 例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。 1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。 1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构 had better do sth.最好做某事 would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 cannot but do sth.只好做某事 Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？ 模块六 书面表达清单 　　此篇作文以描述人为主线，主要谈论伟大人物及他们的生活。写此类文章时候，掌握好这些人的介绍和他们的生活方式很关键 在写作过程中要明确以下几点：(1)介绍伟人的生平。(2)说说你仰慕伟人的哪些方面或者你从他们的经历中得到的启示。(3)结合话题内容，我们在写作过程中要大量用到课文中有关人物的短语，并学会用一般过去时态来表达。 　　你知道马克吐温吗？他是美国著名的作家，他写了许多著名的小说。请根据下面的中文提示，写一篇英文短文介绍一下马克吐温。 提示： 1.美国著名的作家，写了许多著名的小说； 2.1835年出生于佛罗里达的乡村，4岁时全家搬到城里，12岁时父亲去逝3.从童年就开始工作，做过不同的工作。他最著名的小说之一是《汤姆·索亚历险记》 4.他的写作才能并不是从小就有的，而是来自于他个人的经历。 生词提示：马克·吐温 Mark Twain,小说 novel,佛罗里达 Florida,《汤姆·索亚历险记)The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,个人的经历 personal experiences Mark Twain was an American writer. He wrote many famous novels. Mark Twain was born in the countryside in Florida in 1835．He moved to the city with his family when he was four years old. At the age of 12, his father died. He began working from his childhood and did different jobs. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most famous novels. He didn’t show his writing ability from an early age, and it came from his personal experiences. 模块七 当堂限时检测 一、单项选择 1．I have a composition _________ this afternoon and l won’t have my hair _________. A．written; cut B．to write; cut C．to write; to cut D．written; to cut 2．My computer has gone wrong. I need to _______ it this afternoon. A．have repaired B．repair C．repairing D．repaired 3．I am too tired to walk on. Let’s stop ____________ a rest. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 4．If you try ________ your dream, you had better take effective steps and work hard. A．achieve B．achieved C．achieving D．to achieve 5．The movie is so interesting that it makes me ________ happily. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 6．It is necessary to learn ________ time and make good use of every minute. A．to manage B．managing C．manage D．managed 7．I didn’t see you _________ in. You must have been very quiet. A．comes B．to come C．come D．have come 8．Mr Wang was the first person _________ a robot. And the robot changed his life a lot _________ many ways. A．owns; by B．owned; on C．to own; with D．to own; in 9．How to _______ computers _______ us better is an important task. A．make; to serve B．make; serve C．making; serving D．made; serving 10．Eric always remembers ________ the lights off when he leaves the room. A．shut B．shutting C．to shut D．shuts 11．Never forget ________ thanks to those people who have helped you. A．say B．to say C．saying D．said 12．She can’t help ________ the house because she’s busy making a cake. A．to clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．being cleaned 13．I prefer ________ to music rather than read magazines to relax myself. A．listening B．to listen C．listen D．listened 14．Paul doesn’t have to be made ________ books. He loves reading. A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads 15．Bonnie is new here, so she decided ________ an after-school club to meet some friends. A．to join B．join C．joined D．joining 二、阅读理解 Qian Xuesen is the father of China’s missile (导弹) program and the key scientist of space technology in China. Born in Shanghai, Qian graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934. In 1935, he left China to study in America. Although he had high pay and lived a comfortable life in the US, Qian cared about his home country’s development. In 1955, he went through all difficulties and returned to China. This brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles. Together with a Chinese science group, Qian succeeded making the first atomic bomb (原子弹) in 1964 and the first hydrogen (氢) bomb in 1967. Qian’s achievements were so huge. When he died aged 98, the nation went into great sadness. “China lost an excellent scientist,” said Wei Qiyong, a student of Qian. “The space industry lost its creator. Engineers lost a guide.” Zhang Yiwu, a teacher at Peking University said, “Qian should also be remembered as a patriotic (爱国的) person.” “Qian placed national achievement ahead of his personal benefit,” Zhang told Global Times. Now, many years later, young Chinese have learned from Qian. An increasing number of overseas (海外的) Chinese students have returned to China to work. And they help China develop rapidly and become more important all over the world, People’s Daily reported. 16．According to the text, why did Qian Xuesen come back to China? A．Because he liked to live a comfortable life. B．Because he missed his hometown so much. C．Because he cared about China’s development. D．Because he wanted to make more money for his family. 17．What can we learn from the passage? A．Wei Qiyong think of Qian Xuesen as a patriotic person. B．Qian Xuesen is remembered in both China and America forever. C．Qian Xuesen put his personal achievement ahead of the national benefit. D．Influened by Qian, more overseas Chinese students have returned to China to work. 18．The passage mainly talks about __________. A．Qian’s achievements of all his life B．Qian’s study experiences in the US C．Qian’s whole life and his influence on the nation D．Qian’s hard work for his home country and people 三、完形填空 Do you like asking questions? How do questions lead to new discoveries? During the 16th and 17th centuries, society was entering the scientific age. Many ancient beliefs were being questioned and they 19 to be false. For example, many people believed that the earth was the centre of the universe (宇宙) 20 a man named Galileo announced his discovery. Galileo was born in a well-respected family in Italy in 1564. From a young age, he was 21 asking questions. In 1609, Galileo heard about a simple telescope (望远镜) created by an eyeglass maker. With his math knowledge and technical skills, he soon 22 one of his own. It could make objects far away look 30 times bigger. He began to use it to study the night sky and became the first person to look at the Moon 23 a telescope. Also, he discovered Jupiter (木星) had four moons travelling around it. If that was the truth, then the idea that everything circled the earth must be 24 . It was soon clear to Galileo that the earth could not be the centre of the universe. 25 , this conclusion got him into a lot of trouble. After all, he was questioning the beliefs of some of the most 26 men of his time. He was warned not to say or publish 27 about his new idea. He 28 to write down his ideas anyway and published his final book, Two New Sciences, in 1638. He died at the age of 77, in 1642. Galileo’s gift for asking important questions helped him make some of the greatest discoveries of his time. Today, we call him the father of modern science. 19．A．handed out B．carried out C．turned out D．worked out 20．A．unless B．until· C．after D．since 21．A．good at B．tired of C．afraid of D．satisfied with 22．A．discovered B．imagined C．developed D．bought 23．A．over B．up C．after D．through 24．A．incorrect B．indirect C．inactive D．incomplete 25．A．Usually B．Unluckily C．Simply D．Similarly 26．A．careful B．helpful C．hopeful D．powerful 27．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 28．A．refused B．agreed C．continued D．regretted 四、短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 This week in class, we talked about success. We studied great people and talked about our 29 (hero), Yuan Longping and Norman Bethune. Yuan Longping, the most famous “farmer” in China, was a 30 (science). Together with others, he developed hybrid rice successfully in 1973. The hybrid rice can produce much 31 (much) rice than before. It has also solved many other countries’ food problems. Norman Bethune was a 32 (wide) known doctor. He was well-known 33 helping the Chinese people in the Anti-Japanese War. 34 he knew many people were dying in the war, he made a 35 (decide) to go to 36 (north) China in 1938. He showed people how to give 37 (one) aid, and he worked hard day after day in 38 worst possible conditions to help others. He died in Hebei. Now we have Bethune Medical School and Bethune International Peace Hospital in Shijiazhuang to remember him. 根据语篇意思以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。（每空限填一词） Albert Einstein was c 39 as a genius. He also had a sense of humour. Once, Einstein was i 40 to a university to give a lecture, but he was too tired to speak that night. So his driver, Hans, o 41 to present the lecture i 42 because he had learnt it by heart. So they changed places without telling it to others. Hans went to the front of the hall and did the job w 43 difficulty. However, at the end of the lecture, a professor asked Hans a difficult question. Hans couldn’t understand it at all, but he asked Einstein, who was pretending to be his driver, to answer the question. After the lecture, Einstein gave praise to Hans for his performance. At last, they left the university, with Einstein at the wheel. 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：今天下午我有篇作文要写，我不会去剪头发。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I have a composition…this afternoon and l won’t have my hair….”可知第一空指“有篇作文要写”，用不定式作后置定语修饰名词composition；第二空考查have sth done“让某事被完成”，此处指“使头发被剪”，表被动，用过去分词cut。故选B。 2．B 【详解】句意：我的电脑出故障了。我今天下午需要修理一下。 考查非谓语动词。need to do sth“需要做某事”，空处应填动词原形。故选B。 3．C 【详解】句意：我太累了，走不动了。让我们停下来休息一下吧。 考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.停下来去做某事；stop doing sth.停止做某事。根据语境可知，很累，所以要停下来休息。故选C。 4．D 【详解】句意：如果你设法实现你的梦想，你最好采取有效的措施并努力工作。 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.“试着做某事；设法做某事”，所以此处用不定式。故选D。 5．A 【详解】句意：这部电影如此有趣以至于它使我开心地笑了。 考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，空处用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 6．A 【详解】句意：学会管理时间是必要的，充分利用每一分钟。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。 7．C 【详解】句意：我没看见你进来。你一定很安静。 考查非谓语动词。comes来，为come的第三人称单数形式；to come为动词不定式；come来，动词原形；have come为现在完成时。根据“I didn’t see you…in.”可知，see sb. do sth.“看到某人做了某事”，动词短语，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此处应填动词原形。故选C。 8．D 【详解】句意：王先生是第一个拥有机器人的人。机器人在很多方面大大地改变了他的生活。 考查非谓语动词以及介词辨析。by被；on在上面；with和；in在里面。根据“the first person...”可知此处用动词不定式作定语；in many ways“在很多方面”。故选D。 9．B 【详解】句意：如何让计算机更好地为我们服务是一项重要的任务。 考查非谓语动词。第一空根据“How to…computers…”可知，此处为疑问词加动词不定式作主语，动词用原形，排除选项CD；第二空根据使役动词make可知，后接动词原形。故选B。 10．C 【详解】句意：埃里克离开房间时总是记得关灯。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Eric always remembers...”可知，此处为固定搭配remember to do sth“记得做某事”，应用不定式作宾语。故选C。 11．B 【详解】句意：永远不要忘记对那些帮助过你的人说谢谢。 考查非谓语动词。在此句中，表示“不要忘记对帮助过你的人说谢谢”，forget to do sth表示“忘记去做某事”，故选B。 12．A 【详解】句意：她不能帮忙打扫房子，因为她正忙着做蛋糕。 考查非谓语。can’t help to do sth“不能帮助做某事”，can’t help doing sth“情不自禁做某事”。根据“ because she’s busy making a cake”可知，因为她正忙着做蛋糕，所以不能帮忙打扫房子，故选A。 13．B 【详解】句意：我更喜欢听音乐而不是看杂志来放松自己。 考查非谓语动词。此处为固定搭配prefer to do rather than do“宁愿做而不愿做”，应用不定式作宾语。故选B。 14．C 【详解】句意：保罗不需要被强迫去读书。他喜欢读书。 考查非谓语动词。根据“He loves reading.”可知，保罗不需要被强迫读书，be made to do sth“被迫做某事”。故选C。 15．A 【详解】句意：邦妮是新来的，所以她决定参加一个课后俱乐部去认识一些朋友。 考查非谓语动词。根据“so she decided...”可知，此处为decide to do sth“决定做某事”，应用不定式作宾语。故选A。 16．C 17．D 18．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家钱学森对我国科技事业的突出贡献及对后代中国人的影响。 16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Although he had high pay and lived a comfortable life in the US, Qian cared about his home country’s development. In 1955, he went through all difficulties and returned to China.”可知，钱学森是因为关心祖国的发展而回国的。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now, many years later, young Chinese have learned from Qian. An increasing number of overseas Chinese students have returned to China to work.”可知，多年后的今天，中国的年轻人向他学习。越来越多的中国留学生回国工作。故选D。 18．主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍了钱学森先生对我国科技事业的突出贡献及他的精神对后来的中国年轻人的影响。故选C。 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了伽利略善于提问，最后发现地球不是宇宙的中心。 19．句意：许多古老的学说受到质疑，结果证明是错误的。 handed out分发；carried out执行；turned out结果；worked out解决。根据“to be false”可知是结果表明这些古老的学说是错误的。故选C。 20．句意：许多人认为地球是宇宙的中心，直到一个名叫伽利略的人宣布他的发现。 unless除非；until直到；after在……之后；since自从。根据“believed that the earth was the centre of the universe...a man named Galileo announced his discovery.”可知是人们一直认为地球是宇宙的中心，直到伽利略宣布他的发现。故选B。 21．句意：从很小的时候起，他就善于提问。 be good at擅长；be tired of厌烦；be afraid of害怕；be satisfied with对……满意。根据“he was...asking questions”以及下文内容可知他善于提问。故选A。 22．句意：凭借数学知识和技术技能，他很快就研制出了自己的望远镜。 discovered发现；imagined想象；developed开发，研制；bought买。根据“one of his own”可知是研发了自己的望远镜，develop符合。故选C。 23．句意：他开始用它来研究夜空，并成为第一个通过望远镜观察月球的人。 over在上方；up向上；after在……之后；through通过。根据“a telescope”可知是通过望远镜观察月球。故选D。 24．句意：如果这是事实，那么一切围绕地球运行的想法一定是不正确的。 incorrect不正确的；indirect间接地；inactive不活跃的；incomplete不完整的。根据“If that was the truth, then the idea that everything circled the earth must be”可知如果他的发现是事实，那么之前的学说是不正确的。故选A。 25．句意：不幸的是，这个结论给他带来了很多麻烦。 Usually通过；Unluckily不幸地；Simply简单地；Similarly相似地。根据“this conclusion got him into a lot of trouble”可知这个结论给他带来了很多麻烦，这是不幸的事情。故选B。 26．句意：毕竟，他在质疑他那个时代一些最有权势的人的信仰。 careful认真的；helpful有帮助的；hopeful有希望的；powerful有影响力的，强大的。根据“some of the most...men of his time”可知是质疑那些有权势的人。故选D。 27．句意：他被警告不要对他的新想法发表任何言论。 something某事；anything任何事；everything所有事；nothing没有事。根据“He was warned not to say or publish”可知是不要对他的新想法发表任何言论，否定句中用anything。故选B。 28．句意：不管怎样，他继续写下自己的想法，并于1638年出版了他的最后一本书《两门新科学》。 refused拒绝；agreed同意；continued继续；regretted后悔。根据“to write down his idea”可知是继续把他的想法写下来。故选C。 29．heroes 30．scientist 31．more 32．widely 33．for 34．Because 35．decision 36．northern 37．first 38．the 【导语】本文介绍了两位伟大的人，袁隆平和白求恩。 29．句意：我们研究伟人，谈论我们的英雄，袁隆平和诺曼·白求恩。根据“Yuan Longping and Norman Bethune”可知两位英雄，用复数。故填heroes。 30．句意：袁隆平是中国最著名的“农夫”，他是一位科学家。此空指袁隆平是科学家，scientist“科学家”，a后跟单数名词。故填scientist。 31．句意：杂交水稻可以比以前生产更多的水稻。根据“than before”可以此空用比较级，much的比较级是more。故填more。 32．句意：诺曼·白求恩是一位广为人知的医生。此空修饰形容词known“著名的”，所以用副词。故填widely。 33．句意：他在抗日战争中帮助中国人民是出了名的。句型be known for“因为……而出名”，故填for。 34．句意：他知道许多人在战争中丧生，所以他在1938年决定去中国北方。后面两句是因果关系，故填Because。 35．句意：他知道许多人在战争中丧生，所以他在1938年决定去中国北方。短语make a decision“做决定”，故填decision。 36．句意：他知道许多人在战争中丧生，所以他在1938年决定去中国北方。此空表示“中国北方”，north的形容词是northern。故填northern。 37．句意：他向人们展示了如何给予急救，他日复一日地在最糟糕的条件下努力帮助他人。短语first aid“急救”，故填first。 38．句意：他向人们展示了如何给予急救，他日复一日地在最糟糕的条件下努力帮助他人。根据“worst possible conditions”可知是最高级，前要加定冠词the，故填the。 39．(c)onsidered 40．(i)nvited 41．(o)ffered 42．(i)nstead 43．(w)ithout 【导语】本文主要讲述爱因斯坦的幽默。一次他被邀请去大学演讲，因为太累不能讲话。他的司机汉斯代替他去台上演讲。讲座的结尾，一位教授问了一个很难的问题，汉斯无法回答，他让假装是司机的爱因斯坦回答了这个问题。 39．句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦被认为是一位天才。根据“as a genius”及首字母提示可知句子用短语“be considered as”表达“被认为是”。故填(c)onsidered。 40．句意：有一次，爱因斯坦被邀请去一所大学演讲，但他那天晚上太累了不能讲话。根据“to a university to give a lecture”及首字母提示可知句子表达“被邀请去做演讲”，用一般过去时的被动结构“was invited”。故填(i)nvited。 41．句意：因此，他的司机汉斯主动代替他展示这次讲座，因为他把演讲词用心背下来了。根据“because he had learnt it by heart”可知句子表达主动做某事，用短语“offer to do”。句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式“offered”。故填(o)ffered。 42．句意：因此，他的司机汉斯主动代替他展示这次讲座，因为他把演讲词用心背下来了。根据后文“they changed places without telling it to others. Hans went to the front of the hall”可知汉斯代替了爱因斯坦去做演讲，根据首字母提示可知用副词“instead”。故填(i)nstead。 43．句意：汉斯走到大厅的前台没有任何困难地完成了工作。根据“because he had learnt it by heart”及首字母提示，可知句子表达没有难度地完成演讲，用表示否定意义的介词“without”。故填(w)ithout。 6 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$