Unit5 Working the Land 第 2 课Discover Useful Structures （分层作业）--2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit5 Working the land--Discover Useful Structures分层作业练习 Ⅰ.语法运用：用适当的从属连词补全句子。每题1.5分，共计30分。 1. ___________ China got the second place in the Games made the whole nation very excited. 【答案】That 【解析】中国在奥运会上获得了第二名，这让整个国家非常激动。主语从句。 2. ___________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 【答案】Whoever 【解析】最后离开房间的人应该关灯。主语从句，anyone who 3. He still lives in the room___________ window faces to the east. 【答案】whose 【解析】他仍然住在窗户朝东的那个房间。定语从句，先行词和关系词之间存在所属关系，whose 4. ___________ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. 【答案】As 【解析】中国的刘翔成为历史上第一个赢得奥运会男子110米栏冠军的亚洲人,这一点人尽皆知。非限定性定语从句，指代前面描述的整件事情，置于句首，which需要变成As。 5. He has two sons, both of_______ are college students. He has two sons, and ________ are college students. 【答案】whom, both(第二个空不是从属连词，为代词，此题的目的是与第一个句子对比，主语and的存在） 【解析】他有两个儿子，都是医生。第一个句子中“，”后面没有连词and, 这是一个从句，根据上下文可以判断为定语从句。第二个句子和句子之间有连词and，and后面的句子也是一个简单句，缺少一个主语both 6. There are still some countries ___________ people have not enough to feed on. 【答案】where 【解析】仍然有一些国家，人们没有足够的食物吃。定语从句，关系词在定语从句中担任状语，where 7. It is said ___________ he has left for Germany. 【答案】that 【解析】据说他已经去德国了。主语从句。 8. ___________ we will hold the party in the open air depends on the weather. 【答案】Whether 【解析】我们是否在户外举行这个聚会取决于天气。主语从句，根据句义，whether 9. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of ___________ mouth tea is supposed to come. 【答案】whose 【解析】有一个中国鸭子形状的茶壶，茶应该从鸭子嘴中流出来。定语从句，关系词和先行词之间存在所属关系，whose 10. The old tower must be saved, ___________ it cost. 【答案】whatever 【解析】这座古老的塔务必被挽救，无论花费什么代价。让步状语从句，根据句子，无论什么，whatever 11. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. 【答案】what 【解析】经过五个小时的车程，他们到达了他们认为是梦想之地的地方。___________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. 这个句子在动词reach之后作宾语，是宾语从句，___________ they thought这个句子在was前面，是主语从句，意为他们认为的地方，the place that=what 12. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ___________ you give us all the necessary information. 【答案】provided that/as long as 【解析】我们能很快为你完成这个工作，只要你为我们提供必要的信息。条件状语从句。只要... 13. It was an unforgettable moment for all the citizens this year ___________ in 20 years China’s women’s volleyball team won the Olympic gold medal again. 【答案】that 【解析】20年后，中国女排再次赢得奥运金牌，这是今年所有中国人难忘的一刻。主语从句，that 14. The parents were worried about their daughter because nobody was aware of ___________ she had gone. 【答案】where 【解析】父母担心他们的女儿，因为没有人知道她去了哪里。宾语从句，根据句义可知为where 15. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things___________ to teach you the art of learning. 【答案】as 【解析】学校教育的巨大用途与其说是教你东西，不如说是教你学习的艺术。比较状语从句, not so...as 16. No sooner had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre___________ the curtain went up. 【答案】than 【解析】他们刚在剧院的座位上坐下，幕布就拉了起来。时间状语从句，no sooner .....than 17. It was the belief ___________ Alex Haley could find his “root” in Africa ___________ made him decide to go to Gambia. 【答案】that, that 【解析】正是因为相信Alex Haley能够在非洲找到自己的“根”，他才决定去冈比亚。第一个空为同位语从句，进一步说明belief的内容，第二个空为强调句，it is/was.....that.... 18. Word came from Mr. Smith ___________ he could arrive on the following Saturday. 【答案】that 【解析】消息传来，Smith先生可能下周六到。同位语从句，进一步说明word的内容。 19. ___________ he passed the examination or not was of little importance. 【答案】Whether 【解析】他是否通过了考试并不重要。主语从句。 20. An idea occurred to me ___________ I might turn to my English teacher for help. 【答案】that 【解析】我突然想到一个主意：我也许可以向英语老师寻求帮助。同位语从句，进一步说明idea的内容。 Ⅱ.阅读理解 A （2024·吉林长春·统考一模）School-based Vocational (职业的) Training in Germany If you want to do vocational training in healthcare, social services or technical professions, you can do school-based vocational training in Germany. What is it? School-based vocational training does not take place partly in a company, but only at a vocational school or a vocational college. Here you are not an apprentice (学徒) in a company, but you learn practically full-time at the school desk. What does it teach you? You will find a variety of professions that you can learn at a vocation al school or a vocational college. Offers are available for professions such as nurse, kindergarten teacher and medical-technical assistant. Many—but not all—of the more than 350 officially acknowledged vocational training programs in Germany are school-based. How long does it take? School-based vocational training in Germany is usually full-time. The duration and the curricula are fixed for the individual professions, but there are different vacation periods from school to school, which interrupt the training periods. How much does it cost? In contrast to in-company training, you will not usually receive a monthly training allowance for school-based training; in many cases, you will even have to pay for this training. If you go to a state vocational school or a college, there are usually no fees. However, this may not be the case with privately run vocational colleges or schools. Germany’s vocational training system is known for its strong focus on practical skills and employ ability. According to a study by the German Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training, around 78% of students who completed a vocation at training program found employment within one year of graduation. 1．What can most probably be learnt in school-based vocational training? A．Planting crops. B．Taking care of the elderly. C．Driving a vehicle. D．Mastering a foreign language. 2．What should a student do to enjoy the fee-free policy? A．Attend a state college. B．Receive an offer. C．Have a full-time course. D．Apply for a private school. 3．In which section of a newspaper can this text be found? A．Science. B．Education. C．Business. D．Entertainment. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是德国的校本职业培训的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据What does it teach you?部分的“Offers are available for professions such as nurse, kindergarten teacher and medical-technical assistant.(招聘职位包括护士、幼儿园教师和医疗技术助理等。)”可知，在校本职业培训中最有可能学到的是照顾老人。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据How much does it cost?部分的“If you go to a state vocational school or a college, there are usually no fees.(如果你上的是州立职业学校或大学，通常是不收费的。)”可知，学生上州立大学可以享受免学费政策。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“If you want to do vocational training in healthcare, social services or technical professions, you can do school-based vocational training in Germany.(如果你想在医疗保健、社会服务或技术领域接受职业培训，你可以在德国接受以学校为基础的职业培训。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是德国的校本职业培训的相关信息，因此在报纸的教育版面可以发现这篇文章。故选B。 B （2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with Al to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 4. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 5. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 6. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 4.词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。 5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。 6.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章最后一段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。 7.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical road map addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).  (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 Ⅲ.完形填空 （2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children 1 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 2 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 3 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s behavior. Therefore, parents must 4 behave like the type of person they want their child to become. What’s more, a parent’s actions can also 5 the self-image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their parents will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 6 qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may modify their self-image, 7 , as they become increasingly influenced by peers groups standards before they reach 13. A positive attitude and self- image play an important role when children 8 something unexpected. Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a 9 effect on a child’s behavior. Children interact such events according to their established attitudes and 10 training. Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the 11 of their parents or a parent’s early death. But if children feel 12 , they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or 13 . In the same way, all children are not influenced 14 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. As in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the effect of an activity or experience depends on how the child 15 it. 1．A．apologize to B．approve of C．attend to D．allow for 2．A．thoughtful B．characteristic C．conscious D．cautious 3．A．time B．place C．way D．extent 4．A．consistently B．barely C．concisely D．originally 5．A．respond B．imitate C．convey D．affect 6．A．positive B．complex C．negative D．concrete 7．A．however B．therefore C．anyhow D．otherwise 8．A．turn down B．sort out C．stick with D．come across 9．A．uplifting B．permanent C．temporary D．distracting 10．A．intense B．realistic C．previous D．educational 11．A．finance B．marriage C．assistance D．divorce 12．A．isolated B．attended C．unloved D．stressed 13．A．punishment B．discrimination C．assessment D．transformation 14．A．even B．alike C．at all D．as a whole 15．A．interprets B．anticipates C．accomplishes D．maintains 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了孩子会受到父母行为的影响，而事件对于孩子的影响取决于孩子如何解释这些事件。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子们相信自己拥有父母特有的品质和感受时，他们就会认可父母。A. apologize to向……道歉；B. approve of认可；C. attend to照料；D. allow for考虑到。根据下文“when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are  ______ of that parent.”可知，此处表示孩子们相信自己拥有了父母所特有的品质和感受时，他们会认可父母。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们相信自己拥有父母特有的品质和感受时，他们就会认可父母。A. thoughtful深思熟虑的；B. characteristic特有的；C. conscious有意识的；D. cautious小心的。根据下文“Therefore, parents must ___4__  behave like the type of person they want their child to become.”以及语境可知，此处表示父母所特有的品质和感受。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，父母所做和说的事情，以及父母做事和对他们说话的方式，都会强烈影响孩子的行为。A. time时间；B. place地点；C. way方式；D. extent程度。根据下文“they do and say to them”可知，此处表示父母做事和对孩子们说话的方式。故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，父母必须始终如一地表现得像他们希望孩子成为的那种人。A. consistently始终如一地；B. barely几乎没有；C. concisely简明扼要地；D. originally原来。根据下文“behave like the type of person they want their child to become.”以及常识可知，此处表示父母的表现要始终如一。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，父母的行为也会影响孩子通过认同形成的自我形象。A. respond回应；B. imitate模仿；C. convey传送；D. affect影响。根据下文“Children who see mainly positive qualities in their parents will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way.”可知，父母的行为会影响孩子形成的自我形象。故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些主要观察到父母消极品质的孩子，很难从自己身上看到积极品质。A. positive积极的；B. complex复杂的；C. negative消极的；D. concrete具体的。根据下文“qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves.”以及语境可知，主要观察父母消极品质的孩子很难看到自己的积极品质。故选C。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，孩子们可能会改变他们的自我形象，因为他们在13岁之前就越来越受到同龄人团体标准的影响。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. anyhow无论如何；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“What’s more, a parent’s actions can also  _____  the self-image that a child forms through identification.”以及“Children may modify their self-image,”可知，此处表示转折关系，空处应用however，表示“然而”。故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子遇到意想不到的事情时，积极的态度和自我形象发挥着重要作用。A. turn down拒绝；B. sort out分类；C. stick with坚持；D. come across偶然遇见。根据下文“something unexpected”以及语境可知，此处表示当孩子遇见意想不到的事情时。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孤立的事件，即使是巨大的事件，也不一定会对孩子的行为产生永久的影响。A. uplifting令人振奋的；B. permanent永久的；C. temporary临时的；D. distracting令人分心的。根据下文“Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the  ___11___ of their parents or a parent’s early death.”可知，此处表示孤立的事件不一定会对孩子的行为产生永久的影响。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们根据他们既定的态度和以前的训练来与这种事件交互。A. intense强烈的；B. realistic现实的；C. previous之前的；D. educational教育的。根据下文“Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the  ______ of their parents or a parent’s early death.”可知，孩子们会根据之前的训练，例如之前得到爱的感受，与这种事件进行交互。来故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，知道自己被爱的孩子可以接受父母的离婚或父母的早逝。A. finance财务；B. marriage婚姻；C. assistance援助；D. divorce离婚。根据下文“of their parents or a parent’s early death.”可推知，此处表示父母中其中一位早逝或者父母离婚。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果孩子们感到不被爱，他们可能会将这些事件解释为拒绝或惩罚的迹象。A. isolated偏远的；B. attended出席；C. unloved无人喜欢的；D. stressed焦虑不安的。根据上文“Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the  ___11___ of their parents or a parent’s early death. But if children feel”可知，此处表示如果孩子们感到不被爱。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果孩子们感到不被爱，他们可能会将这些事件解释为拒绝或惩罚的迹象。A. punishment惩罚；B. discrimination歧视；C. assessment评估；D. transformation转型。根据上文“But if children feel _____ , they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or”可知，此处表示孩子们感受到不被爱，可能会将事件理解为拒绝或者惩罚的迹象。故选A。 14．考查固定短语和副词词义辨析。句意：同样，并非所有的孩子都会同样受到玩具、游戏、读物和电视节目的影响。A. even甚至；B. alike同样地；C. at all全然；D. as a whole整体而言。根据上文“Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the  _____ of their parents or a parent’s early death. But if children feel _____ , they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or  _____  .”以及语境可知，此处表示并不是所有的孩子都会同样受到影响。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像在家庭关系发生巨大变化的情况下一样，一项活动或经历的影响取决于孩子如何解释它。A. interprets解释；B. anticipates预期；C. accomplishes完成；D. maintains维持。根据上文“But if children feel ______ , they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or  _____  .”可知，此处表示事件的影响取决于孩子如何解释它。故选A。 Ⅳ.（2023·广西南宁·南宁三中校考一模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the first and second grade in junior high school, I was extremely shy, I had friends, but it just wasn’t in my personality to be very outgoing, even when I knew someone. I was afraid I would do or say something wrong, so usually I just smiled and listened to other people’s conversations. I did well in school and I loved to write. However, I would escape into my writing, where I could be myself and never had to worry about what other people thought of me. In my stories, I was never shy, I often imagined that I was the main character in the story. My teacher, Mrs. Sather, always encouraged me to write more and be myself. She told our class to go after our dreams and dig in with great efforts. I thoughts he was one of the first people to see my inner strength. One day, she showed us a play she had written and announced that our class was going to perform it. “I’ll begin to choose all the performers tomorrow” she said, “I need someone who is not afraid to be onstage in front of a lot of people to play the lead part of Dorothy. Anybody wants to try?” A few excited hands shot up -- mine, of course, was not one of them and Mrs. Sather smiled. “We’ll talk more about it later,” she said. Then the bell rang and my classmates slowly left the classroom. “I will never do that,” I thought. But after rereading the play, I was deeply attracted by the story and couldn’t help imagining myself to be the main character Dorothy. There seemed to be a new person inside me, a much more daring, outgoing person who had been hidden all along, just waiting for the opportunity to appear. However, I still felt shy and could never picture myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people. Having struggled for a few minutes, I still did not know how to make the decision. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs. Sather asked me to go to her. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One week later, it was time for me to perform on the stage. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs. Sather asked me to go to her. Smiling gently, she asked if I'd like to have a try. “But I'm not good at acting and I'm afraid to screw things up.” In a low voice, I said. Mrs. Sather patted me on the shoulder, saying. “Don't worry, dear. From your writing I know you are a brave girl inside. All you need to do is overcome your fear and take the first step. You can do it. I have faith in you.” Hearing Mrs. Sather's words, I realized it was time to make a change. One week later, it was time for me to perform on the stage. I felt really nervous at first. Then I remembered all the hard work that I'd put in over the last week. I devoted myself to the play, studying the character, memorizing lines and practicing before the mirror. Gradually, I became more and more confident on the stage. Through misty eyes, I saw Mrs. Sather, who was smiling at me and looking at me encouragingly. I knew I made it! I was very grateful to Mrs. Sather. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了作者非常害羞内向，一天课上，老师要求同学们自荐去参演一部戏剧，虽然作者十分向往，但由于害羞而不敢推荐自己，最终在老师的鼓励下，终于突破自我，登台演出。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我在装背包的时候，萨瑟太太叫我去她那儿。”可知，第一段可描写老师对作者的鼓励。 ②由第二段首句内容“一周后，是我登台表演的时候了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的心态及舞台表现。 2.续写线索：害羞内向——不敢自荐——老师鼓励——突破自我——登台表演——获得成功 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①尝试：have a try/give it a shot ②搞砸：screw up/blow it/mess up ③看见：see/spot 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/tense/stressed ②感谢：be grateful/showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude 【点睛】[高分句型1]I devoted myself to the play, studying the character, memorizing lines and practicing before the mirror.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Through misty eyes, I saw Mrs.Sather, who was smiling at me and looking at me encouragingly.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit5 Working the land--Discover Useful Structures分层作业练习 Ⅰ.语法运用：用适当的从属连词补全句子。 1. ___________ China got the second place in the Games made the whole nation very excited. 2. ___________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 3. He still lives in the room___________ window faces to the east. 4. ___________ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. 5. He has two sons, both of_______ are college students. He has two sons, and ________ are college students. 6. There are still some countries ___________ people have not enough to feed on. 7. It is said ___________ he has left for Germany. 8. ___________ we will hold the party in the open air depends on the weather. 9. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of ___________ mouth tea is supposed to come. 10. The old tower must be saved, ___________ it cost. 11. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. 12. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ___________ you give us all the necessary information. 13. It was an unforgettable moment for all the citizens this year ___________ in 20 years China’s women’s volleyball team won the Olympic gold medal again. 14. The parents were worried about their daughter because nobody was aware of ___________ she had gone. 15. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things___________ to teach you the art of learning. 16. No sooner had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre___________ the curtain went up. 17. It was the belief ___________ Alex Haley could find his “root” in Africa ___________ made him decide to go to Gambia. 18. Word came from Mr. Smith ___________ he could arrive on the following Saturday. 19. ___________ he passed the examination or not was of little importance. 20. An idea occurred to me ___________ I might turn to my English teacher for help. Ⅱ.阅读理解 A （2024·吉林长春·统考一模）School-based Vocational (职业的) Training in Germany If you want to do vocational training in healthcare, social services or technical professions, you can do school-based vocational training in Germany. What is it? School-based vocational training does not take place partly in a company, but only at a vocational school or a vocational college. Here you are not an apprentice (学徒) in a company, but you learn practically full-time at the school desk. What does it teach you? You will find a variety of professions that you can learn at a vocation al school or a vocational college. Offers are available for professions such as nurse, kindergarten teacher and medical-technical assistant. Many—but not all—of the more than 350 officially acknowledged vocational training programs in Germany are school-based. How long does it take? School-based vocational training in Germany is usually full-time. The duration and the curricula are fixed for the individual professions, but there are different vacation periods from school to school, which interrupt the training periods. How much does it cost? In contrast to in-company training, you will not usually receive a monthly training allowance for school-based training; in many cases, you will even have to pay for this training. If you go to a state vocational school or a college, there are usually no fees. However, this may not be the case with privately run vocational colleges or schools. Germany’s vocational training system is known for its strong focus on practical skills and employ ability. According to a study by the German Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training, around 78% of students who completed a vocation at training program found employment within one year of graduation. 1．What can most probably be learnt in school-based vocational training? A．Planting crops. B．Taking care of the elderly. C．Driving a vehicle. D．Mastering a foreign language. 2．What should a student do to enjoy the fee-free policy? A．Attend a state college. B．Receive an offer. C．Have a full-time course. D．Apply for a private school. 3．In which section of a newspaper can this text be found? A．Science. B．Education. C．Business. D．Entertainment. B （2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with Al to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 4. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 5. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 6. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. Ⅲ. 完形填空 （2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children 1 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 2 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 3 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s behavior. Therefore, parents must 4 behave like the type of person they want their child to become. What’s more, a parent’s actions can also 5 the self-image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their parents will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 6 qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may modify their self-image, 7 , as they become increasingly influenced by peers groups standards before they reach 13. A positive attitude and self- image play an important role when children 8 something unexpected. Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a 9 effect on a child’s behavior. Children interact such events according to their established attitudes and 10 training. Children who know they are loved can, for example, accept the 11 of their parents or a parent’s early death. But if children feel 12 , they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or 13 . In the same way, all children are not influenced 14 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. As in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the effect of an activity or experience depends on how the child 15 it. 1．A．apologize to B．approve of C．attend to D．allow for 2．A．thoughtful B．characteristic C．conscious D．cautious 3．A．time B．place C．way D．extent 4．A．consistently B．barely C．concisely D．originally 5．A．respond B．imitate C．convey D．affect 6．A．positive B．complex C．negative D．concrete 7．A．however B．therefore C．anyhow D．otherwise 8．A．turn down B．sort out C．stick with D．come across 9．A．uplifting B．permanent C．temporary D．distracting 10．A．intense B．realistic C．previous D．educational 11．A．finance B．marriage C．assistance D．divorce 12．A．isolated B．attended C．unloved D．stressed 13．A．punishment B．discrimination C．assessment D．transformation 14．A．even B．alike C．at all D．as a whole 15．A．interprets B．anticipates C．accomplishes D．maintains Ⅳ.（2023·广西南宁·南宁三中校考一模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the first and second grade in junior high school, I was extremely shy, I had friends, but it just wasn’t in my personality to be very outgoing, even when I knew someone. I was afraid I would do or say something wrong, so usually I just smiled and listened to other people’s conversations. I did well in school and I loved to write. However, I would escape into my writing, where I could be myself and never had to worry about what other people thought of me. In my stories, I was never shy, I often imagined that I was the main character in the story. My teacher, Mrs. Sather, always encouraged me to write more and be myself. She told our class to go after our dreams and dig in with great efforts. I thoughts he was one of the first people to see my inner strength. One day, she showed us a play she had written and announced that our class was going to perform it. “I’ll begin to choose all the performers tomorrow” she said, “I need someone who is not afraid to be onstage in front of a lot of people to play the lead part of Dorothy. Anybody wants to try?” A few excited hands shot up -- mine, of course, was not one of them and Mrs. Sather smiled. “We’ll talk more about it later,” she said. Then the bell rang and my classmates slowly left the classroom. “I will never do that,” I thought. But after rereading the play, I was deeply attracted by the story and couldn’t help imagining myself to be the main character Dorothy. There seemed to be a new person inside me, a much more daring, outgoing person who had been hidden all along, just waiting for the opportunity to appear. However, I still felt shy and could never picture myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people. Having struggled for a few minutes, I still did not know how to make the decision. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs. Sather asked me to go to her. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One week later, it was time for me to perform on the stage. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$