精品解析：湖南省祁东县2023-2024学年高一下期期末统考英语试卷

高 一 英 语 卷 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Find a special gift. B.Give Mary $ 100. C. Ask other people. 2. What gift did Jenny get? A. Some flowers. B. A silk dress. C.A scarf. 3. What will the woman give the man? A. Some cakes. B. The recipe for the cakes. C. Some books. 4. What will the man do first? A. Finish the paper. B. Get parents’ permission C. See the professor. 5. Why did some people hand in the paper early? A. They finished it in a short time. B. They couldn't answer the questions. C. They had other important things to do. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A Do some cleaning. B. Do some cooking. C. Get a gift for his mother. 7. How does the man feel at last? A. Angry. B. Confused. C. Sorry. 听第7段材料,回答第 8、9题。 8. What did the woman do just now? A. She collected some money. B. She finished a cycle race. C. She took a long hot bath. 9. Who is the man probably? A. A journalist. B. A racer. C. A bank clerk. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. How did the speakers know each other? A. They are colleagues. B. They met each other before. C. They are business partners. 11. When will the speakers meet? A. At 10:00 a. m. tomorrow. B. At 3:00 p. m. tomorrow. C. It is not decided. 12. What will the man do next? A Write something down. B. Make a call. C. Have a meeting. 听第9段材料,回答第13 至 16 题。 13. What did the man think of the movie? A. Interesting. B. Too long. C. A bit violent. 14. What kind of movie will the speakers watch next time? A. A horror movie. B. A war movie. C.A romantic comedy. 15. Where does the woman want to sit next time? A. Near the back. B. In the center. C. In the front. 16. When will the speakers meet on Friday? A. At 6:00 p. m. B. At 7:00 p. m. C.At 8:00 p.m. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What did the speaker go to London for? A. To work there. B. To have a holiday. C. To visit a friend. 18. In which season did the speaker go to London? A. Spring. B. Summer. C.Autumn. 19. What did the speaker like most in London? A. The wonderful plays. B. The delicious food. C. The beautiful scenery. 20. What can we learn from the talk? A. It's necessary to take an umbrella in London. B. The speaker will go to London again this year. C. Most of the restaurants in London only offer English food. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some wonderful high school programs abroad. Honors Spanish Language & Culture While all our programs are useful, this program is for students with the drive to grow their Spanish and cross-cultural understanding to the max! You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.You will live in a local family and go on cultural activities and short trips. Leadership & Service in Public Health In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives (倡议). Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep. Service in Young Cancer Patients Development You will dive into the workings of a local nongovernmental organization in Mérida. Its mission is to improve the lives of young, disadvantaged cancer patients and improve their chances of recovery. Undertake meaningful tasks that support this mission and see the effect on the community. Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service. Advocating (提倡) for Social Justice Develop your social justice advocacy skills! Join other students who want to make a difference! Learn about a local nongovernmental organization that provides care for special groups. Reflect on your own cultural background, identity, and social condition in your local community.Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future. 1. What is a requirement for joining the first program? A. To be required to live independently. B. To be native speakers of Spanish. C. To pass a language ability test. D. To focus on short trips. 2. What does the program in Santiago aim to promote among children and teens? A. Physical activities only. B. The number of skills. C. Medical treatments. D. Healthy lifestyle. 3. What do the third and fourth programs have in common? A. Both focus on the health of cancer patients. B. Both involve living with a host family. C. Both are centered around social justice. D. Both require a background in social work. B The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 4. What can be inferred about the program? A. It is of benefit to the environment. B. People still have doubt about it. C. The trains in Spain are completely free now. D. Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 5. What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A. To lower fuel prices. B. To relieve the stress of airline business. C. To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D. To show the government’s concern for the public. 6. What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A. Negative. B. Admiring. C. Inattentive. D. Praiseworthy. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The popularity of the climate ticket. B. The economic benefits of the program. C. The program’s great benefits to health. D. The practices on public transport in some countries. C After age and genetics (传性), being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病),experts say, “Two out of every three brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease are women's brains," said Dr, Richard Isaacson,director of the Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic in the Center for Brain Health at Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions (干预)-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer’s risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women. “Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular(心血管) disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper. “Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. This study clearly stresses the need for additional larger studies to be able to better predict the baseline cognitive trail in aging females versus males,” said Rudolph Tanzi, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, “ As we aim to find ways to block out this disease in the early stage, we will need to know if prevention and treatment strategies will work equally on both men and women. This new study clearly brings us a big step closer to that goal, ” Tanzi added. Finding that women were able to reduce their risk even more than men is welcome news,as it provides a promising area for future study and gives hope that women can tip the battle against Alzheimer's in their favor. “By treating people in an evidence based yet safe way,using various lifestyles and medical interventions, we've shown that you can really make an impact on brain health,” he said. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Age and genetics have no impact on Alzheimer’s. B. Alzheimer’s has nothing to do with sex difference. C. Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s than men. D. Being a woman decreases the chance of developing Alzheimer’s. 9. What is Isaacson’s attitude towards the new research? A. Indifferent. B. Opposed. C. Ignorant. D. Positive. 10. What can affect brain health according to Tanzi? A. Lifestyle changes. B. Higher education. C. living environment D. Personal experience. 11. Where is the text likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A brochure. D. A travel guide. D A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits (特征) face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. The study analyzed the extinction risk and physical traits, such as beak shape and wing length, of 99% of all living bird species, making it the most general study of its kind to date.The researchers found that in simulated scenarios (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct, there would be a significantly greater reduction in the physical diversity among birds than in scenarios where extinctions were random (随机的). Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” In the study, the authors used a dataset of measurements collected from living birds and museum specimens, totalling 9,943 bird species. Although the dataset used in the study was able to show that the most unique birds were also classified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, it was unable to show what links uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk.” 12. According to researchers, what may the loss of unique birds lead to? A. The reduction of certain research. B. The damage to ecosystem function, C. The development of ecological tourism. D. The better living environment of human race. 13 What may the underlined word “prune” mean in paragraph 3? A. Cut out. B. Pick up. C. Get in. D. Add to. 14. What do researchers need to explore in the future? A. Human’s impacts on unique birds. B. The parts unique traits play in birds’ life. C. Links of uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. D. The approaches to preventing birds’ extinction. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Some birds with special physical traits B. Key roles unique birds play in ecosystems C. Measures to protect threatened unique birds D. More unique birds at higher risk of extinction 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Improve Confidence Although self-confidence means different things to different people, it simply means having faith in yourself, The following list has lots of ideas on how to achieve this. You should make full planning and preparations People often feel less confident about new or difficult situations. Perhaps the most important factor is planning and preparing for the unknown. ___16___. Being able to react calmly to the unexpected is a sign of confidence. You need to know learning and training are necessary Learning and research can help us feel more confident. ___17___ By doing something we have learned a lot about, we put theory into practice, which develops confidence and adds to the learning and comprehension. ___18___ Positive thought can be very helpful. If you believe that you can do something, then you are likely to work hard to make sure you can do it, The trick is convincing yourself that you can do it with the right help and support. Selecting someone to follow makes a difference Find yourself a role model. ___19___. Observe them and notice how they behave. Speaking to and being around people who are confident will help you to feel more confident. Learn from others who are successful in the goals that you wish to achieve. Building on experience helps you make progress As we successfully complete tasks, our confidence that we can complete the similar tasks again increases. Break tasks down into small achievable goals. ___20___.Whatever you do, aim to become as good as you can. A. It’s important to be positive B. Seeking for help and support benefits a lot C. Usually, this will be someone that you see regularly D. You’re supposed to learn from those who are famous E. Sometimes, it is necessary to plan for possible accidents F. Additionally, we need to combine our knowledge with experience G. The better you are at doing something, the more confident you become 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Working in the service industry is more than just taking customers’ orders and hoping for a good ____21____. Servers are usually ____22____ for handling heavy plates and dealing with rude customers. There’s a lot more actually. Mariana Villarreal works at a restaurant in Roswell, Georgia. The 22-year-old recently made the ____23____ when it was discovered that she ____24____ one customer with the gift of a lifetime, the gift of life, that is! 72-year-old Donald Thomas is a veteran (老兵), who lost his beloved wife to cancer. It was a sad moment when he was found to be ____25____ kidney (肾) failure. When learning a “regular” Donald Thomas was going through a (n) ____26____ challenge, Villarreal took action immediately. She made the brave choice to ____27____ one of her kidneys to Thomas. Of course, she needed to take tests to know if she was a (n) ____28____ match. Thankfully, ____29____ was in Thomas’ corner! The pair were excited when doctors ______30______they were the “perfect match”. Villarreal and Thomas both ______31______ underwent surgeries in hospital. And the doctors were amazed by how quickly Thomas’ kidney began ______32______ after the surgeries! Villarreal’s incredible and quick act of bravery not only ______33______ her coworkers, but her story spread quickly and has touched many hearts around the world. This selfless act of ______34______ crosses the boundaries of familiarity, proving that compassion (同情) can come in the most ______35______ places. 21. A. memory B. tip C. tradition D. idea 22. A. responsible B. anxious C. grateful D. concerned 23. A. decisions B. headlines C. missions D. contributions 24. A. limited B. refused C. equipped D. supplied 25. A. focusing on B. coming across C. suffering from D. connecting with 26. A. identity B. credit C. health D. market 27. A. donate B. transport C. recommend D. remove 28. A. suitable B. specific C. confident D. energetic 29. A. adventure B. honor C. luck D. strength 30. A. doubted B. confirmed C. warned D. assumed 31. A. obviously B. secretly C. effectively D. successfully 32. A. settling B. functioning C. exploring D. struggling 33. A. attracted B. reflected C. reminded D. inspired 34. A. wisdom B. determination C. kindness D. curiosity 35. A. unexpected B. amazing C. embarrassing D. normal 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题1.5分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Morals and virtues are like a compass ____36____ guides us in making good choices and doing the right thing. Morals are about knowing the difference between right and wrong, while virtues are good qualities or habits we should cultivate to help us determine the right ___37___ (act) to take. When we face a moral dilemma, it’s take. In these times, we can rely on our morals to help us choose ___38___ (wise). For example, being kind, honest, and fair are important moral values that can guide our actions. Virtues, such as ___39___ (patient), courage, and generosity, help us become better people. They are like strengths we can develop ___40___ (face) challenges and treat others with respect. When we show virtues in our daily lives, we inspire those around us to do the same. In relationships like marriage or friendships, morals and virtues play ___41___ important role. Respect, trust, and loyalty are virtues that build strong connections and foster harmony. When conflicts arise, relying on moral ___42___ (principle) and virtues can help us resolve differences peacefully. It’s also important to pass on these values to the next generation. Teaching children about morals and virtues from a young age ___43___ (set) a strong foundation for their character development. By practicing kindness, honesty, and empathy, we can create a more compassionate and understanding society. Morals and virtues are essential tools for navigating (导航) life’s challenges and ___44___ (create) a better world for ourselves and others. With good values, we can build stronger relationships, make wiser choices, and contribute positively ____45____ our communities. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办征文活动。请你以“The Power of Music”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.音乐能表达情感；2.音乐有激励作用；3.音乐能传播快乐。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Power of Music ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Training for a marathon is one of the most physically demanding activities you can willingly put yourself through. And when the race day finally comes after months of training and hours spent running on the playground you want to finish the race well. But sometimes, that just doesn’t happen. A warm moment happened among three runners, and with the help of two other runners, there was a runner who reached the finish line and finished the race. It’s reported that the three runners didn’t know each other before the race. That moment happened at the 203 London Marathon. A runner named Louis experienced this as he worked his way towards the end of the race. The man began to double over (弯腰) and was on the edge of collapsing (昏倒) as other runners passed by. Clearly, he was too tired to finish the race. But it was only 200 meters left. And he might fall to the ground at any time. So tired, Louis fell to the ground and looked white and upset. At that moment, a runner saw Louis who needed help, so the runner ran to him and picked him up. “Are you OK?” the runner asked Louis. “I am too tired to keep running,” Louis replied. “Come on! Let me support you to the finish line 200 meters away,” the runner said and grabbed his arm. “It is very kind of you,” Louis said happily. With the help of the runner, there were only 150 meters away from the finish line. But it seemed that he couldn’t hold Louis steady enough, Louis was in a bad condition and would fall to the ground at any time. The runner was very anxious and watched helplessly as other runners ran to the finish line, not knowing what to do. Although the runner tried his best to support Louis steady, Louis fell to the ground again. 注意: 1.续写词数应为 150 个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, another runner came from behind Louis. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the help of the two runners, Louis finally reached the finish line. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 BCBCB 6-10ACBAB 11-15 CCBCA 16-20 ABCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高 一 英 语 卷 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Find a special gift. B.Give Mary $ 100. C. Ask other people. 2. What gift did Jenny get? A. Some flowers. B. A silk dress. C.A scarf. 3. What will the woman give the man? A. Some cakes. B. The recipe for the cakes. C. Some books. 4. What will the man do first? A. Finish the paper. B. Get parents’ permission C. See the professor. 5. Why did some people hand in the paper early? A. They finished it in a short time. B. They couldn't answer the questions. C. They had other important things to do. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Do some cleaning. B. Do some cooking. C. Get a gift for his mother. 7. How does the man feel at last? A. Angry. B. Confused. C. Sorry. 听第7段材料,回答第 8、9题。 8. What did the woman do just now? A. She collected some money. B. She finished a cycle race. C. She took a long hot bath. 9. Who is the man probably? A. A journalist. B. A racer. C. A bank clerk. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. How did the speakers know each other? A. They are colleagues. B. They met each other before. C. They are business partners. 11. When will the speakers meet? A At 10:00 a. m. tomorrow. B. At 3:00 p. m. tomorrow. C. It is not decided. 12. What will the man do next? A. Write something down. B. Make a call. C. Have a meeting. 听第9段材料,回答第13 至 16 题。 13. What did the man think of the movie? A. Interesting. B. Too long. C. A bit violent. 14. What kind of movie will the speakers watch next time? A. A horror movie. B. A war movie. C.A romantic comedy. 15. Where does the woman want to sit next time? A. Near the back. B. In the center. C. In the front. 16. When will the speakers meet on Friday? A. At 6:00 p. m. B. At 7:00 p. m. C.At 8:00 p.m. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What did the speaker go to London for? A. To work there. B. To have a holiday. C. To visit a friend. 18. In which season did the speaker go to London? A. Spring. B. Summer. C.Autumn. 19. What did the speaker like most in London? A. The wonderful plays. B. The delicious food. C. The beautiful scenery. 20. What can we learn from the talk? A. It's necessary to take an umbrella in London. B. The speaker will go to London again this year. C. Most of the restaurants in London only offer English food. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some wonderful high school programs abroad. Honors Spanish Language & Culture While all our programs are useful, this program is for students with the drive to grow their Spanish and cross-cultural understanding to the max! You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.You will live in a local family and go on cultural activities and short trips. Leadership & Service in Public Health In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives (倡议). Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep. Service in Young Cancer Patients Development You will dive into the workings of a local nongovernmental organization in Mérida. Its mission is to improve the lives of young, disadvantaged cancer patients and improve their chances of recovery. Undertake meaningful tasks that support this mission and see the effect on the community. Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service. Advocating (提倡) for Social Justice Develop your social justice advocacy skills! Join other students who want to make a difference! Learn about a local nongovernmental organization that provides care for special groups. Reflect on your own cultural background, identity, and social condition in your local community.Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future. 1. What is a requirement for joining the first program? A. To be required to live independently. B. To be native speakers of Spanish. C. To pass a language ability test. D. To focus on short trips. 2. What does the program in Santiago aim to promote among children and teens? A. Physical activities only. B. The number of skills. C. Medical treatments. D. Healthy lifestyle. 3. What do the third and fourth programs have in common? A. Both focus on the health of cancer patients. B. Both involve living with a host family. C. Both are centered around social justice. D. Both require a background in social work. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同的高中留学项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Honors Spanish Language & Culture部分的“You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.(你必须参加语言能力测试，以确保你能说一口流利的西班牙语。)”可知，要参加第一个项目需要通过语言能力测试。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Leadership & Service in Public Health部分的“In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives. Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep.(在这个项目中，你应该评估圣地亚哥社区的卫生需求，并参与基于实地的公共卫生教育倡议。与当地非政府组织一起，参加鼓励儿童和青少年养成健康习惯的活动，如健康饮食、体育活动和充足的睡眠。) ”可知，圣地亚哥的这个计划的目的是在儿童和青少年中推广健康的生活方式。。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Service in Young Cancer Patients Development部分的“Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service.(与寄宿家庭住在一起，你将充分体验当地的传统，更好地了解你的服务。)”和Advocating for Social Justice部分的“Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future.(你在寄宿家庭的经历将鼓励你成为改变的参与者，这对现在和未来都很重要。)”可知，第三和第四个项目的共同之处在于学生都需要住在寄宿家庭。故选B。 B The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 4. What can be inferred about the program? A. It is of benefit to the environment. B People still have doubt about it. C. The trains in Spain are completely free now. D. Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 5. What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A. To lower fuel prices. B. To relieve the stress of airline business. C. To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D. To show the government’s concern for the public. 6. What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A. Negative. B. Admiring. C. Inattentive. D. Praiseworthy. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The popularity of the climate ticket. B. The economic benefits of the program. C. The program’s great benefits to health. D. The practices on public transport in some countries. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了西班牙推出的一项新政策，即年内大部分火车乘坐将免费，旨在为民众提供应对生活成本危机的帮助，同时也有助于环保和减少通勤成本。文章还提及了德国和奥地利在公共交通票价上的类似减免措施，并指出英国政府尚未推出鼓励使用火车的计划。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program.(根据一项新计划，到今年年底，西班牙绝大多数火车都将免费)”和“As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country.(乘火车比乘飞机旅行对环境更有好处，坐在火车上，看着乡村的景色掠过，是了解一个国家的最佳方式)”可推知 ，这个计划对环境是有好处的。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets.(根据西班牙的新计划，所有的中短途火车都是免费的——只要你买对了票——这为你提供了游览加泰罗尼亚、安达卢西亚和巴斯克地区的绝佳机会。如果购买多次旅行的车票，游客可以利用折扣，这些折扣是为了帮助人们应对生活成本危机而推出的)”可知，该计划可以促进旅游业发展；根据段中““I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply.(一位高级官员表示：“我希望西班牙人民知道，我完全了解大多数人每天面临的困难。我知道工资越来越少，而且很难撑到月底。”该国交通运输部表示，在燃油价格持续大幅上涨的情况下，这项措施将帮助人们安全上班)”可知，该计划还可以让西班牙普通民众受益。由此推知，这一计划的目的是促进旅游业发展，造福西班牙人民。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause.  Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel.(尽管气候危机的严重性以及汽油和柴油汽车造成的损害，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，作者认为英国政府未能像西班牙、德国和奥地利一样降低公共交通价格，而且英国政府鼓励更多的人开车也与应对气候危机背道而驰。由此推知，作者对英国政府的做法持否定态度。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。最后一段“Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel.(西班牙加入了德国的行列，开始降低公共交通价格，德国推出了一张9欧元的车票，从6月到8月底可以坐一个月的车。奥地利已经开始提供气候票，人们只需花3欧元就能完成旅程。去年该彩票首次推出时，其受欢迎程度几乎导致其网站崩溃。尽管气候危机严重，汽油和柴油汽车造成的破坏也很严重，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，本段主要介绍了其他国家在公共交通方面的做法，如德国降低了公共交通的价格，奥地利开始提供气候票，而英国政府却没有宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。由此可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些国家在公共交通方面的做法。故选D项。 C After age and genetics (传性), being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病),experts say, “Two out of every three brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease are women's brains," said Dr, Richard Isaacson,director of the Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic in the Center for Brain Health at Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions (干预)-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer’s risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women. “Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular(心血管的) disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper. “Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. This study clearly stresses the need for additional larger studies to be able to better predict the baseline cognitive trail in aging females versus males,” said Rudolph Tanzi, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, “ As we aim to find ways to block out this disease in the early stage, we will need to know if prevention and treatment strategies will work equally on both men and women. This new study clearly brings us a big step closer to that goal, ” Tanzi added. Finding that women were able to reduce their risk even more than men is welcome news,as it provides a promising area for future study and gives hope that women can tip the battle against Alzheimer's in their favor. “By treating people in an evidence based yet safe way,using various lifestyles and medical interventions, we've shown that you can really make an impact on brain health,” he said. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Age and genetics have no impact on Alzheimer’s. B. Alzheimer’s has nothing to do with sex difference. C. Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s than men. D. Being a woman decreases the chance of developing Alzheimer’s. 9. What is Isaacson’s attitude towards the new research? A. Indifferent. B. Opposed. C. Ignorant. D. Positive. 10. What can affect brain health according to Tanzi? A. Lifestyle changes. B. Higher education. C. living environment D. Personal experience. 11. Where is the text likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A brochure. D. A travel guide. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”可知，女性的性别因素对于患阿尔茨海默病的影响排在年龄和基因之后，由此可知，女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的““Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper.(该论文的合著者艾萨克森说：“与男性相比，我们量身定制的干预措施在阿尔茨海默氏症和心血管疾病的风险等级上取得了更大的改善。”) ”可知，艾萨克森对这项新研究的态度是积极的。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. (生活方式的改变，比如增加锻炼、改善睡眠和饮食、减轻压力，都会影响大脑健康。)”可知，根据Tanzi的说法，改变生活方式会影响大脑健康。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”和第二段的“University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer's risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women.(施密特大学医学院。现在，一项新的研究给女性带来了好消息，个性化的生活方式干预——比如饮食、锻炼、减轻压力和睡眠卫生——能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，但对女性效果更好。)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，因此文章出自医学类的杂志。故选B。 D A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits (特征) face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. The study analyzed the extinction risk and physical traits, such as beak shape and wing length, of 99% of all living bird species, making it the most general study of its kind to date.The researchers found that in simulated scenarios (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct, there would be a significantly greater reduction in the physical diversity among birds than in scenarios where extinctions were random (随机的). Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” In the study, the authors used a dataset of measurements collected from living birds and museum specimens, totalling 9,943 bird species. Although the dataset used in the study was able to show that the most unique birds were also classified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, it was unable to show what links uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk.” 12. According to researchers, what may the loss of unique birds lead to? A. The reduction of certain research. B. The damage to ecosystem function, C. The development of ecological tourism. D. The better living environment of human race. 13. What may the underlined word “prune” mean in paragraph 3? A. Cut out. B. Pick up. C. Get in. D. Add to. 14. What do researchers need to explore in the future? A. Human’s impacts on unique birds. B. The parts unique traits play in birds’ life. C. Links of uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. D. The approaches to preventing birds’ extinction. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Some birds with special physical traits B. Key roles unique birds play in ecosystems C. Measures to protect threatened unique birds D. More unique birds at higher risk of extinction 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. (失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，独特鸟类的消失可能会导致对生态系统功能的破坏。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” (普林斯顿大学的博士候选人Jarome Ali在伦敦帝国理工学院完成了这项研究，他说：“我们的研究表明，灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中……很大比例的独特物种。失去这些独特的物种将意味着失去它们在生态系统中发挥的特殊作用。如果我们不采取行动保护濒危物种，防止物种灭绝，生态系统的功能将陷入混乱。”) ”可知，划线词与“Losing these unique species”同义，则意为“ 切掉，删掉，删除”，“cut out”可以解释划线词，即灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中去除很大比例的独特物种。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk, ” (Jarome Ali说：“一种可能性是高度特化的生物适应不断变化的环境的能力较差，在这种情况下，人类的影响可能直接威胁到具有最不寻常生态作用的物种。需要更多的研究来深入研究独特特征和灭绝风险之间的联系。”)”可知，未来研究人员需要探索鸟类的独特性与灭绝风险的联系。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. (一项新的研究发现，具有极端或罕见特征组合的鸟类面临着最高的灭绝风险。由伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员领导的这项研究发现，地球上最独特的鸟类也是最受威胁的。失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡，因此D项(更多独特的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险)适合作为标题，故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Improve Confidence Although self-confidence means different things to different people, it simply means having faith in yourself, The following list has lots of ideas on how to achieve this. You should make full planning and preparations People often feel less confident about new or difficult situations. Perhaps the most important factor is planning and preparing for the unknown. ___16___. Being able to react calmly to the unexpected is a sign of confidence. You need to know learning and training are necessary Learning and research can help us feel more confident. ___17___ By doing something we have learned a lot about, we put theory into practice, which develops confidence and adds to the learning and comprehension. ___18___ Positive thought can be very helpful. If you believe that you can do something, then you are likely to work hard to make sure you can do it, The trick is convincing yourself that you can do it with the right help and support. Selecting someone to follow makes a difference Find yourself a role model. ___19___. Observe them and notice how they behave. Speaking to and being around people who are confident will help you to feel more confident. Learn from others who are successful in the goals that you wish to achieve. Building on experience helps you make progress As we successfully complete tasks, our confidence that we can complete the similar tasks again increases. Break tasks down into small achievable goals. ___20___.Whatever you do, aim to become as good as you can. A. It’s important to be positive B. Seeking for help and support benefits a lot C. Usually, this will be someone that you see regularly D. You’re supposed to learn from those who are famous E. Sometimes, it is necessary to plan for possible accidents F. Additionally, we need to combine our knowledge with experience G. The better you are at doing something, the more confident you become 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何通过充分规划和准备来增强信心。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“People often feel less confident about new or difficult situations. Perhaps the most important factor is planning and preparing for the unknown. (人们往往对新的或困难的情况感到不那么自信。也许最重要的因素是为未知做好计划和准备。)”和下文的“Being able to react calmly to the unexpected is a sign of confidence. (能够冷静地应对意外是自信的标志。)”可知，E项(有时，有必要为可能发生的事故做好准备。)承接上文，进一步强调为突发事件做好准备的必要性，下文指出有应对突发事件的预案才能做到自信。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Learning and research can help us feel more confident. (学习和研究可以帮助我们更有信心。)”和下文的“By doing something we have learned a lot about, we put theory into practice, which develops confidence and adds to the learning and comprehension. (通过做一些我们掌握很多情况的事情，我们将理论付诸实践，这增强了信心，增加了解和理解的程度。)”可知，F项(此外，我们需要将我们的知识与经验相结合。)承接上文，说明了如何让自己更有信心，下文具体解释了理论付诸实践的意义所在。故选F项。 18题详解】 根据本段的“Positive thought can be very helpful. If you believe that you can do something, then you are likely to work hard to make sure you can do it, The trick is convincing yourself that you can do it with the right help and support. (积极的思考可能非常有帮助。如果你相信你能做某事，那么你很可能会努力工作以确保你能做到。诀窍是说服自己，在正确的帮助和支持下，你能做到这一点。)”可知，保持积极态度对于实现目标很重要，A项(保持积极的态度很重要。)能够概括本段内容。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“Find yourself a role model. (给自己找一个榜样。)”和下文的“Observe them and notice how they behave. Speaking to and being around people who are confident will help you to feel more confident. Learn from others who are successful in the goals that you wish to achieve. (观察他们，注意他们的行为。与自信的人交谈并与他们相处会帮助你感到更加自信。向那些在你想要实现的目标上取得成功的人学习。)”可知，C项(通常，这将是你经常见到的人。)承接上文，说明了在生活中有很多的榜样可以找得到，下文指出在找到榜样后如何向他们学习。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文的“As we successfully complete tasks, our confidence that we can complete the similar tasks again increases. Break tasks down into small achievable goals. (当我们成功完成任务时，我们对能够再次完成类似任务的信心就会增强。将任务分解为可实现的小目标。)”和下文的“Whatever you do, aim to become as good as you can. (无论你做什么，都要努力做到最好。)”可知，G项(你做得越好，你就越有信心。)承接上文，说明了每一个小目标都做得好会让自己更自信，下文进行总结强调不管做什么都要做好。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Working in the service industry is more than just taking customers’ orders and hoping for a good ____21____. Servers are usually ____22____ for handling heavy plates and dealing with rude customers. There’s a lot more actually. Mariana Villarreal works at a restaurant in Roswell, Georgia. The 22-year-old recently made the ____23____ when it was discovered that she ____24____ one customer with the gift of a lifetime, the gift of life, that is! 72-year-old Donald Thomas is a veteran (老兵), who lost his beloved wife to cancer. It was a sad moment when he was found to be ____25____ kidney (肾) failure. When learning a “regular” Donald Thomas was going through a (n) ____26____ challenge, Villarreal took action immediately. She made the brave choice to ____27____ one of her kidneys to Thomas. Of course, she needed to take tests to know if she was a (n) ____28____ match. Thankfully, ____29____ was in Thomas’ corner! The pair were excited when doctors ______30______they were the “perfect match”. Villarreal and Thomas both ______31______ underwent surgeries in hospital. And the doctors were amazed by how quickly Thomas’ kidney began ______32______ after the surgeries! Villarreal’s incredible and quick act of bravery not only ______33______ her coworkers, but her story spread quickly and has touched many hearts around the world. This selfless act of ______34______ crosses the boundaries of familiarity, proving that compassion (同情) can come in the most ______35______ places. 21. A. memory B. tip C. tradition D. idea 22. A. responsible B. anxious C. grateful D. concerned 23. A. decisions B. headlines C. missions D. contributions 24. A. limited B. refused C. equipped D. supplied 25. A. focusing on B. coming across C. suffering from D. connecting with 26. A. identity B. credit C. health D. market 27. A. donate B. transport C. recommend D. remove 28. A. suitable B. specific C. confident D. energetic 29. A. adventure B. honor C. luck D. strength 30. A. doubted B. confirmed C. warned D. assumed 31. A. obviously B. secretly C. effectively D. successfully 32. A. settling B. functioning C. exploring D. struggling 33. A. attracted B. reflected C. reminded D. inspired 34. A. wisdom B. determination C. kindness D. curiosity 35. A. unexpected B. amazing C. embarrassing D. normal 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一家餐馆的工作人员捐献肾脏救了一名顾客性命的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在服务行业工作，服务员不仅仅需要接受顾客的点餐，还希望得到一笔丰厚的小费。A. memory记忆力；B. tip小费；C. tradition传统；D. idea想法。根据常识和上文中的“Working in the service industry is more than just taking customers’ orders”可知，服务行业的服务员不仅是接受顾客点餐，还希望得到一笔“小费”符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服务员通常要负责搬重的盘子和对付粗鲁的顾客。A. responsible负责的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. grateful感激的；D. concerned担忧的。根据常识和下文中的“handling heavy plates and dealing with rude customers”可知，处理重的盘子，和对付粗鲁的顾客应该是服务员的“责任”，be responsible for意为“负责”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位 22 岁的女孩最近上了头条，因为她被发现为一位顾客提供了一生难得的礼物，生命的礼物！A. decisions决定；B. headlines头条，大字标题；C. missions任务；D. contributions贡献。根据语境和下文中的“when it was discovered that she ____4____ one customer with the gift of a lifetime, the gift of life, that is!”可知，这个22岁的女孩被发现给一位顾客生命的礼物，由此可知，这位女孩应是上了“头条”符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位 22 岁的女孩最近上了头条，因为她被发现为一位顾客提供了一生难得的礼物，生命的礼物!A. limited限制；B. refused拒绝；C. equipped配备；D. supplied供应。根据上文中的“The 22-year-old recently made the ____3____”可知，这个22岁的女孩最近上了头条，结合下文中的“one customer with the gift of a lifetime, the gift of life, that is!”可知，她应该是给意为顾客“提供”了一生难得的礼物，生命的礼物，supply sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当 Thomas 被发现患有肾衰竭时，那是一个悲伤的时刻。A. focusing on专注；B. coming across偶遇；C. suffering from患有，遭遇；D. connecting with联系。根据上文中的“It was a sad moment”可知，这是一个悲伤的时刻，由此可推断，此处指的是Thomas被发现“患有”肾衰，符合语境。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当得知 Thomas 正在经历一场健康挑战时，Villarreal立即采取了行动。A. identity身份；B. credit信用；C. health健康；D. market市场。根据上文中的“It was a sad moment when he was found to be ____5____ kidney (肾) failure.”可知，Thomas被发现患有肾衰，由此可知，此处指的是Thomas经历一场“健康”挑战。符合语境。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她勇敢地选择将自己的一个肾脏捐献给 Donald Thomas。A. donate捐献；B. transport运输；C. recommend推荐；D. remove移除。根据下文中的“Of course, she needed to take tests to know if she was a (n) ____8____ match.”可知，Villarreal首先要做一个检查看是否匹配，由此可推断，此处指的是Villarreal选择将自己的一个肾“捐献”给Donald Thomas，符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Villarreal需要进行检查，以确定她是否是一个合适的匹配者。A. suitable合适的；B. specific具体的，特定的；C. confident自信的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据常识和上文中的“Of course, she needed to take tests to know”可知，要捐赠肾脏，首先做检查看是否是一个“合适的”匹配者。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Thomas 的运气很好！A. adventure冒险；B. honor荣耀；C. luck运气；D. strength力量。根据上文的Thankfully可知，此处指的是配型成功，所以此处指的是Thomas“运气”很好，符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医生确认他们是“绝配”时，他们非常激动。A. doubted怀疑；B. confirmed证实；C. warned警告；D. assumed假设。根据上文中的“The pair were excited”可知，他们非常激动，结合下文中的“they were the “perfect match”.”可知，他们是绝配，由此可知，此处指的是医生“证实”他们是“绝配”时，他们非常激动。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Villarreal和Thomas都成功地在医院接受了手术。A. obviously明显地；B. secretly秘密地；C. effectively有效地；D. successfully成功地。根据上文中的“The pair were excited when doctors ____10____ they were the “perfect match”.”可知，Villarreal和Thomas是“绝配”，结合下文中的“And the doctors were amazed by how quickly Thomas’ kidney began ____12____ after the surgeries!”可知，医生们惊讶于Thomas术后的肾脏手术后恢复功能的速度之快，由此可推断，此处指的是“成功地”进行了手术。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas 的肾脏在手术后恢复功能的速度之快令医生们都很惊讶！A. settling解决；B. functioning运行，正常工作；C. exploring探索；D. struggling挣扎。根据语境和上文中的“And the doctors were amazed by how quickly Thomas’ kidney began”和下文中的“after the surgeries!”可知，在Villarreal和Thomas的肾脏配型成功后，成功进行了手术，所以此处让医生感到惊讶的应该是Thomas的肾脏在手术后恢复功能的速度之快，所以，此处使用“运行”符合语境。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Villarreal这令人难以置信的勇敢行为不仅激励了她的同事，并且她的故事还迅速传播，感动了世界各地的许多人。A. attracted吸引；B. reflected反映；C. reminded提醒；D. inspired激励。根据上文中的“Villarreal’s incredible and quick act of bravery”以及下文中的“but her story spread quickly and has touched many hearts around the world.”可知，Villarreal的英勇事迹迅速传播，感动了世界各地的许多人，由此可知，此处讲述的是Villarreal的故事带来的影响，所以此处表示“激励”了她的同事，符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种无私的善举跨越了熟悉的界限，证明了同情心可能出现在最令人意想不到的地方。A. wisdom智慧；B. determination决心；C. kindness善行，善举；D. curiosity好奇心。根据语境和上文中的“She made the brave choice to ____7____ one of her kidneys to Thomas.”可知，Villarreal在了解到一位顾客的健康出问题后，勇敢的选择给他捐献自己的肾脏，这一举动应该是无私的“善举”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种无私的善举跨越了熟悉的界限，证明了同情心可能出现在最令人意想不到的地方。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. normal正常的。根据上文中的“This selfless act of ____14____ crosses the boundaries of familiarity”可知，这种无私的善举跨越了熟悉的界限，结合本文介绍的在餐馆工作的22岁的服务员Villarreal将自己的一个肾捐献给自己的顾客，此处指的是证实了同情心可能出现在最“意想不到的”地方。故选A项。 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题1.5分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Morals and virtues are like a compass ____36____ guides us in making good choices and doing the right thing. Morals are about knowing the difference between right and wrong, while virtues are good qualities or habits we should cultivate to help us determine the right ___37___ (act) to take. When we face a moral dilemma, it’s take. In these times, we can rely on our morals to help us choose ___38___ (wise). For example, being kind, honest, and fair are important moral values that can guide our actions. Virtues, such as ___39___ (patient), courage, and generosity, help us become better people. They are like strengths we can develop ___40___ (face) challenges and treat others with respect. When we show virtues in our daily lives, we inspire those around us to do the same. In relationships like marriage or friendships, morals and virtues play ___41___ important role. Respect, trust, and loyalty are virtues that build strong connections and foster harmony. When conflicts arise, relying on moral ___42___ (principle) and virtues can help us resolve differences peacefully. It’s also important to pass on these values to the next generation. Teaching children about morals and virtues from a young age ___43___ (set) a strong foundation for their character development. By practicing kindness, honesty, and empathy, we can create a more compassionate and understanding society. Morals and virtues are essential tools for navigating (导航) life’s challenges and ___44___ (create) a better world for ourselves and others. With good values, we can build stronger relationships, make wiser choices, and contribute positively ____45____ our communities. 【答案】36. that##which 37. action 38. wisely 39. patience 40. to face 41. an 42. principles 43. sets 44. creating 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了道德与美德在生活中的关键作用：道德为我们确定对错提供指引，美德如耐心和勇气帮助应对挑战，建立尊重与和谐的人际关系，教育下一代培养良好品格，共同创造更美好社会。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：道德和美德就像指南针，指引我们做出正确的选择，做正确的事情。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，compass是先行词，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：道德是关于知道是非之间的区别，而美德是我们应该培养的良好品质或习惯，以帮助我们确定正确的行动。take action：采取行动，故填action。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：在这些时候，我们可以依靠我们的道德来帮助我们做出明智的选择。使用副词作状语修饰动词choose，需要的词义为“明智地”，为副词wisely，故填wisely。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：耐心、勇气和慷慨等美德帮助我们成为更好的人。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“耐心”，即patience，它为不可数名词，故填patience。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：它们就像我们可以培养的面对挑战和尊重他人的力量。分析句子结构可知，face在句子中作为非谓语动词使用，使用动词不定式形式作后置定语修饰strengths，表示“……的力量”，故填to face。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在婚姻或友谊等关系中，道德和美德扮演着重要的角色。role为可数名词，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an，play an important role：发挥重要的作用，故填an。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：当冲突出现时，依靠道德原则和美德可以帮助我们和平解决分歧。principle是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数，故填principles。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从小教育孩子道德和美德为他们的性格发展奠定了坚实的基础。句子描述的为一般事实，谓语动词使用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词使用单数意义，故填sets。 【44题详解】 考查动名词。句意：道德和美德是应对生活挑战和为自己和他人创造更美好世界的基本工具。介词for后，create用动名词形式作宾语，故填creating。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：有了良好的价值观，我们可以建立更牢固的关系，做出更明智的选择，并为我们的社区做出积极贡献。固定短语“contribute to”意为“贡献”，故填to。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办征文活动。请你以“The Power of Music”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.音乐能表达情感；2.音乐有激励作用；3.音乐能传播快乐。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Power of Music ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Power of Music Music has the unique power to express the deepest emotions, touching our souls with its classical compositions. It’s not just a melody but a language that speaks to the heart, enabling us to feel a range of emotions. As a force of inspiration, music can push us forward, providing the energy needed to overcome difficulty. Composers can create uplifting melodies, and hearing this kind of music makes us more confident and stronger. In addition, music is a source of pure joy and can spread happiness. Whether you are singing at a party or singing loud in a concert, the shared experience of a performance brings people together, offering relief from life’s aches and celebrating the ordinary in an extraordinary way. 【解析】 【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作。请给校英文报写一篇短文投稿，题目为“The Power of Music”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 一系列：a range of→a series of 战胜：overcome→defeat/get over 快乐：joy→happiness 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Music has the unique power to express the deepest emotions, touching our souls with its classical compositions. 拓展句：Music has the unique power to express the deepest emotions, which touches our souls with its classical compositions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s not just a melody but a language that speaks to the heart, enabling us to feel a range of emotions. (运用了强调句型“It is ...that...”和现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Whether you are singing at a party or singing loud in a concert, the shared experience of a performance brings people together, offering relief from life’s aches and celebrating the ordinary in an extraordinary way. (运用了“whether...or...”引导的让步状语从句) 第二节 (满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Training for a marathon is one of the most physically demanding activities you can willingly put yourself through. And when the race day finally comes after months of training and hours spent running on the playground you want to finish the race well. But sometimes, that just doesn’t happen. A warm moment happened among three runners, and with the help of two other runners, there was a runner who reached the finish line and finished the race. It’s reported that the three runners didn’t know each other before the race. That moment happened at the 203 London Marathon. A runner named Louis experienced this as he worked his way towards the end of the race. The man began to double over (弯腰) and was on the edge of collapsing (昏倒) as other runners passed by. Clearly, he was too tired to finish the race. But it was only 200 meters left. And he might fall to the ground at any time. So tired, Louis fell to the ground and looked white and upset. At that moment, a runner saw Louis who needed help, so the runner ran to him and picked him up. “Are you OK?” the runner asked Louis. “I am too tired to keep running,” Louis replied. “Come on! Let me support you to the finish line 200 meters away,” the runner said and grabbed his arm. “It is very kind of you,” Louis said happily. With the help of the runner, there were only 150 meters away from the finish line. But it seemed that he couldn’t hold Louis steady enough, Louis was in a bad condition and would fall to the ground at any time. The runner was very anxious and watched helplessly as other runners ran to the finish line, not knowing what to do. Although the runner tried his best to support Louis steady, Louis fell to the ground again. 注意: 1.续写词数应为 150 个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, another runner came from behind Louis. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the help of the two runners, Louis finally reached the finish line. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Just at that moment, another runner came from behind Louis. Shortly after, the runner appeared on Louis’ other side, grabbed his arm and held Louis steady enough to keep going. “Let me help you,” the runner said to Louis. Louis’ eyes were filled with tears. Then they three ran together and encouraged each other. With these two runners’ help, there were only 50 meters away from the finish line. All the runners cheered on them, “Come on! You can do it!” They kept running to the finish line and sweat streamed down their faces. With the help of the two runners, Louis finally reached the finish line. The two runners quickly took good care of Louis. Louis hugged them and showed great thanks to them. The two runners who selflessly helped Louis became famous on the Internet. The three runners became good friends and decided to meet at next year’s London Marathon. Together, the three runners made their way to the finish line. The warm moment became a part of what made the experience so special. Though the three guys didn’t finish first, they won that day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一场马拉松比赛为线索展开，讲述了2023年伦敦马拉松比赛中发生的一段温暖时刻。在比赛即将结束时，一位名叫路易斯的选手因体力透支接近崩溃，几乎无法完成最后的200米，另一位陌生选手见状上前帮助，支持路易斯向终点线前进。尽管帮助者尽力支撑Louis，但Louis最终还是再次跌倒在地，无法完成比赛。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，另一个人从路易斯后面跑了出来。”可知，第一段可描写“又出现一位跑步者，他们三人一起，在这两位选手的帮助下，路易斯不停地跑向终点线。”的相关细节。 ②由第二段首句内容“在两位选手的帮助下，路易斯终于到达了终点线。”可知，第二段可描写“路易斯拥抱两个选手表示感谢，这三位选手成为了好朋友，并决定在明年的伦敦马拉松比赛上见面，虽然这三个人没有完成比赛，但他们那天实际上赢得了比赛。”的相关细节。 2.续写线索：又一位跑步者出现帮助路易斯——三人互相鼓励——路易斯跑向终点线——路易斯拥抱他们表示感谢——三位选手成为好朋友——一起向终点线冲去——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/embrace ②帮助：help/assist 情绪类 ①欢呼：cheer/applaud ②感激：thanks/appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】The two runners who selflessly helped Louis became famous on the Internet. (使用了who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】The warm moment became a part of what made the experience so special. (使用了what引导的宾语从句) 1-5 BCBCB 6-10ACBAB 11-15 CCBCA 16-20 ABCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$