2023-2024学年仁爱科普版七年级升八年级暑假语法 冠词

课 题 语法：冠词 重点、难点 冠词分类和运用 教学内容 一.概念英语冠词考点归纳——不定冠词大总结 考点1：区分a/ an[来源:学。科。网] 考点2：基本用法：“泛指/每/一/类” 考点3：特殊用法： a/ an + 序数词 = “又一， 再一” a n. and n. （一体） vs. a n. and a n.（两者） 考点4：a/ an固定词组 考点5：a/an 在句中的位置：such, what, many, half 后 冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义. 冠词可分为：定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类. 二.相关知识点精讲 不定冠词： 1. a用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如：a book; an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple, an egg 1）元音音素与辅音音素的判别，要以发音为准。如：an umbrella中的u的发音为[ Λ ]；而a unit中的发音为辅音音素[ j ]，需要用a而不是an,所以在分辨时，要尤其注意。 2）有些单词看似第一个字母是辅音字母，但实际上发音是元音音素，需要用an。如：an hour一小时 1 a/an 用于单数可数名词前。 a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour 【练习】 判断正误： a story( ) a bread ( ) a paper（ ） a bag（ ） a pretty woman（ ） a school ( ) a useful book ( ) 2.表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。 例如：    That is a pen, not a pencil. 那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）    Give him a pear, please! 请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）    Listen! A boy is singing in the classroom.  3. 和 one 的区别： a/an 表示类别 种类 One 强调数量 There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。（强调种类） There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。（强调数量） 4.表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。 例如：three times a day, 10 yuan a kilo six class a day thirty miles an hour等。 I go to the cinema twice a year. 我每年去电影院两次。 How much are the apples? Two yuan a kilo. 苹果多少钱？每公斤两元。 注意:①判断一个词前用a还是an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。 ②在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。 ③要注意区别以“u”开头的单词: 当“u”发/ʌ/音时前用an,如:an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy; 当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如:a university,a useful book。 练习：在空格内填上a或an 1. _____ear        2.______actor  3. _____hen        4. ______toy      5. ______university 6. ______elephant  7. ______hat        8.______umbrella 9.______rabbit      10.______idea 11.______hour      12_______ honest boy  13.______interesting book  14.______easy question 15.______orange dress  16_______apple pie  17_______X-ray machine   18.______ice cream 定冠词： 一： the 表示特指。 表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。英语冠词考点归纳——定冠词基本用法归纳 归纳总结并掌握中考定冠词的基本用法。 the表特指 旧事重提 你知我知 表示一类 only序数最高级 the book in my bag the boy under the tree the apples in the basket the hospital near my home 二：可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。 the books the book the rice the bread the football the old man the interesting book the teachers the women 三：用法： 1）. 定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。 英语冠词考点归纳——定冠词特殊用法归纳 归纳总结并掌握中考定冠词的特殊用法。 大好山河 独一无二 普名变专 年代年龄 弹奏乐器 姓复一家 Do you know the girl in a red skirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？  Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。 2）. 再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如： Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red. There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother. 3）. 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如： Let’s go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。 Open the door，please!请打开门。 4）. 用于乐器之前 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the drum 打鼓 play the piano 弹钢琴 5）. 用在形容词前表示一类人。 the old 老人 the young 年轻人the rich富裕的人 6）. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。  例如： The Lis are at the beach. 李一家在海滩上。 The Smiths live in Shanghai. 史密斯一家住在上海。 7）. 用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。 the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place颐和园 the United States 美国 8）.用在序数词或形容词最高级前 I live on the fourth floor. 我住在四楼。 He is the tallest boy in my class. 他是我们班最高的男生。 9） .世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、） the sun 太阳 the moon月亮 the earth 地球 the sky天空 10）.在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。 in the 1980s 或 in the 1980’s 20世纪80年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世纪 11）.在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。 the Changjang River 长江 the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 英语冠词考点归纳——零冠词情况汇总 归纳总结并掌握中考中零冠词的用法。 1. 零冠词+不可数名词/可数名词复数/专有名词 2. 特殊情况： 月份星期 打球下棋 一日三餐 称呼头衔 颜色学科 某些节日 已有修饰 零冠词：（不用冠词的情况） 用法： 1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词： England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green John got to People Square by subway yesterday. 昨天约翰乘地铁到人民广场。 2）. 在星期、月份，季节等名词前；Sunday March summer winter We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们星期一到星期五上学。 Students usually have a long vacation in summer. 夏季学生通常放假。 3）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this， my，that， those， these， her) 如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等 4） 在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如： have breakfast 吃早餐 play football 踢足球 play chess 下棋 5）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词； by bus by train by car by air by bike by plane （注意 如果用介词on 表示乘坐交通工具 必须用a 或an 来表示 如 in a bus on a bike 等） 经典例题分析： 例1　名词前使用冠词的区分。 1—Have you seen 　　　　film Where are We Going,Dad?  —Yes,it’s 　　　　interesting film!  A. a;the B. the;an C. a;an D. the;the 例2　定冠词和不定冠词的运用。 2—Look!There is a monkey eating 　　　　apple in the tree.  —En,　　　　 monkey is very cute.  A. a;a B. a;the C. an;an D. an;the 例3　不定冠词an的用法。 3—Look!Who’s 　　　　boy over there? —Oh,he is my cousin,Bob. He is 　　　　honest boy.  A. a;the B. the;a C. the;an D. a;an 4.Many people are still in 　　　　habit of writing silly things in 　　　　public places.  A. the;the B. 不填;不填 C. the;不填 D. 不填;the 例5　习惯用法。 5.Doing lots of listening practice is one of 　　　　best ways of becoming 　　　　good language learner.  A. the;the B. the;a C. 不填;a　 D. the;不填 练习：单项选择。 ( )1.It is easy game. Every boy can play it well. A.a B.an C.any D./ ( )2.--What are you going to do for the coming holiday?--I'm going shopping and have big dinner with my family. A.a B.an C.the D./ ( )3.We can't see sun at night. A.a B.an C.the D.no ( )4.They often play pipa after school. A./ B.the C.a D.an ( )5.This is old book. book is interesting. A.a;The B.an;The C.the;A D.the;The ( )6.After school, I often play basketball with my friends. A./;/ B.the;/ C./;the D.the;the ( )7.Beijing, capital of China, has long history. A.a;a B.the;/ C.the;a D./;the ( )8.After school we usually play soccer for half hour on sports ground. A./an;the B.the;a;the C./;a;/ D.the;an;a ( )9.I played piano. A./ B.the C.a ( )10.It's interesting movie. A.a B./ C.an ( )11.Look at bike under the tree.It's a new bike. A.the B.a C.an ( )12.Miss Wang is English teacher. A.a B.an C.the ( )13.I'm going to see Great Wall of China. A.an B.a C.the ( )14.Look！Here comes elephant. It has a long trunk. A.the B.an C.a ( )15.She is head teacher. A.an B.a C./ ( )16.What interesting book！ A.a B.an C.in ( )17.Amy can play piano and I can play basketball. A.the;the B./;the C.the;/ ( )18.I like playing erhu and my brother likes playing football. A.the;the B.the;/ C./;the ( )19.There is useful old book on the desk. old one is about the Monkey King. A.an;an B.a;The C.an;The ( )20.Linda likes apples, and she has apple every day. A.the;a B.some;an C./;an ( )21.I am playing piano but my brother is playing volleyball. A./;the B.the;the C.the;/ ( )22.--Can you play basketball? --Yes, I can. I'm best basketball player. A.the;/ B.the;the C./;the 课后练习 一．题组训练　用冠词a或an填空 1　 　hour ②　 　European country ③　 　“b” ④　 　“s” ⑤　 　orange  ⑥　 　unusual story  ⑦　　 　　island ⑧　　 　　new bike ⑨　　 　　e-mail   ⑩　　 　　important invention 　　 　　useful book  　　 　　NBA player  　　 　　eight-year-old girl  　　 　　honest person   1. — There will be _________ 8-day art exhibition（展览）in Da Zhou next month. We can enjoy great works like Mono Lisa Smile by Da Vinci. — Wow! It must be _________ most unusual exhibition. A. a; the B. a; an C. an; a D. an; the 2. She is _____________ famous singer in China and has many fans. A. the B. a C. an 二．填空 1.There is _______ picture of _______  elephant on _______  wall． 2．This is _______  useful book．I've read it for _______ hour． 3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______  horse． 4． _______ doctor told him to take _______  medicine three times _______ day． 5．Let's go out for _______  walk． 6．It's too hot．Open _______  door，please． 7．There is _______  woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother． 8． _______ sun rises in _______  east． 9． _______ Changjiang River is _______  longest river in _______  China． 10．Are you going to do it _______  second time？ 11．Washington is _______  capital of _______  USA． 12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street． 13．He joined the army in _______  spring of _______ 1995． 14． _______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______  supper． 15．After I had _______  quick breakfast，I hurried to school． 16．Are _______  sheep kept by _______  farmers for producing _______  wool and _______ meat？ 17．They went to _______  People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday． 18．I often watch _______  TV in _______  evening． 19． _______ day of _______  December 20，1999 is Monday． 20．Tomorrow is _____  Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose  _______ Christmas tree today． 21．I think _______  maths is more important than any other subject． 22．He often goes to _______  school by _______  bike． 23．What does this _______  word mean， _______ Father？ 24．What _______  important news！ 三、选择填空 1. -Does Jim have _______ ruler? -Yes, he has _______. A. an; some B. a; one C. a; / D. any; one 2. There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr. Zhao's. A. an; The B. the; An C. a; The D. the; The [来源:学_科_网] 3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away. A. The B. A C. An D. Two 4. -How many books do you have? -I have _______book. That's _______ English book. A. a; an B. a; one C. one; an D. one; one 5. At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby. A. A B. an C. the D. / 6. _______ tiger is _______ China. A. The; a B. A; the C. The; from D. The; the 7. We can't see _______ sun at _______ night. A. the; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; / 8. _______ useful book it is! A. What an B. How a C. What a D. What 9. One afternoon he found ____ handbag. There was______ “s” on the corner of _______ handbag. A. a; an; the B. a; a; the C. an; an; an D. the; a; a 10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting. A. An; an; a B. The; /; an C. The; /; a D. The; /; the 11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world. A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a 12. _______ new bridge has been built over ______Huangpu River. A. The; a B. A; / C. A; the D. An; the 13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school. A. A; an B. The; a C. The; the D. A; the 14. He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer. A. a; a B. a; the C. /; a D. a; / 15. They made him _______ king. A. A B. the C. an D. / 16. His father is _______ English teacher. He works in our school. A. A B. an C. the D. / 17. Is he _______ American boy? A. An B. a C. one D. / 18. Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school? A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. a; / 19. They passed our school _______ day before yesterday. A. An B. one C. a D. the[来源:Z#xx#k.C 20. Australia is _______ English-speaking country. A. a B. an C. the D. / 21. She has _______orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice. A. a; The B. an; The C. an; A D. the; The 22. This is _______ apple. It's _______ big apple. A. an; a B. a; the C. a; an D. an; the 23. Shanghai is in _______ east of China. A. / B. an C. a D. the 24. Bill is _______ English teacher. He likes playing _______ football. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; / D. an; / 25. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus. A. an; / B. an; a C. a; / D. /; / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$