精品解析：辽宁省锦州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

2023～2024学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语 考生注意： 1. 本试卷考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who went to pick up the man’s letter? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s roommate. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you pick up your letter at the post office? M: No. I was really busy today. W: So when will you go to pick it up? M: I asked my roommate to pick it up for me. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man's brother do tonight? A. Read a book. B. Study. C. Do a survey. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】M: My brother says he is going to stay up all night long. W: Does he plan to read all night long again? M: No. He’s studying for his exam tomorrow morning. W: It’s really bad for his health. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Find a quieter apartment. B. Take better care of himself. C. Study harder. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: You look tired. M: Yeah. You know the noise in my apartment has really gotten out of control. I can hardly get to sleep before midnight. W: Why not move? Getting a good night’s sleep is very important for both your study and health. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. The height of the man. B. The height of the woman. C. The height of the woman’s nephew. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Your nephew is growing really fast. W: Yes. He was just three feet tall when I saw him last time. Now he’s already three and a half feet tall. M: I hardly recognized him. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who gave the man the computer? A. His nephew. B. Ted. C. His niece. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: What a nice computer you have! When did you buy it? M: Actually it is my cousin Ted’s old computer. He bought a new one and gave this one to me. W: He must have taken really good care of it because it looks new. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How did the man feel last night? A. Cold. B. Cool. C. Hot. 7. Where are the speakers? A. In the apartment. B. In their classroom. C. At a repair shop. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, my name is Lisa. M: Hi, I am John. Come in please. That’s my room. Altogether, there are four bedrooms. And there is another girl who lives in the room over there. So it means two boys and two girls will live in this apartment. W: I had already known that before I decided to move in. So what’s your room like? M: It’s not bad for me, I think. W: Are there any problems? M: Well, the air-conditioner doesn’t always work. It was terribly hot last night. But someone will come to fix it this afternoon. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What does the woman think of Tear and Blood? A. Great. B. Boring. C. Scary. 9. What does the woman decide to do? A. To read a science book. B. To watch a science film. C. To write a science book. 【答案】8. C 9. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I heard you were laughing just now. Did you read anything interesting in the newspaper? M: Actually I wasn’t reading the newspaper. It was my father who was reading it. I was reading a book by Steven White. It’s called Tear and Blood. I just finished it. W: It sounds like a scary story. M: Actually it’s a science book. It tells some facts about science in a very funny way. Do you want to read it? I think it’s really worth reading. W: Thanks, but I don’t like science books at all. M: Do you like watching science films? W: Yes. But science films and science books are different. M: You know I didn’t use to read science books, either. But after I read one two years ago, I began to like such books. Science books can also be interesting. W: OK. I’ll try to read this book. When do you want it back? M: What about in a month? W: OK. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When is Linda’s birthday? A. January 4. B. January 7. C. January 17. 11 What will the woman buy? A. A book. B. A purse. C. A skirt. 12. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Cousins. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 【答案】10. B 11. C 12. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Tina, do you know our aunt Linda’s birthday is getting close? W: Oh, right! It’s already January 4th now. Her birthday is on January 7th. I almost forgot her birthday. So have you bought a present for her? M: Not yet. I bought her a book last year. But she had already had one. It was very embarrassing. So this year I want to talk with you about what to get for her. What do you think I should buy for her? W: What about a silk skirt? M: A skirt? I don’t think it a good idea to buy her a skirt. I’m a boy. I don’t want to go shopping for a skirt. Any other ideas? W: Then what about a purse? Most women love purses. M: That’s a better idea. But I don’t want to shop for a purse alone. What about going shopping together tomorrow? You need to buy а present for her, too. W: Yes. I plan to buy her a Chinese silk skirt. M: Good. What do you think of inviting aunt Linda over for dinner on her birthday? W: But who will cook? Mom and Dad have to work that day. M: I will. I can cook, you know. W: OK. And I can help you in the kitchen. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does the man like doing in the evenings now? A. Watching TV. B. Studying. C. Reading stories to kids. 14. Why does the man often hang out with his friends? A. To relax. B. To make more friends. C. To get drunk. 15. What does the man like doing when singing karaoke with his friends? A. Singing. B. Drinking beer. C. Watching movies alone. 16. What does the woman think of watching TV? A. A waste of time. B. A good way to relax. C. A good way to learn new things. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: George, how do you usually spend your evenings? M. Well, I used to watch TV a lot at home in the evening. But now I hardly watch TV in the evenings because I think it’s a waste of time. I prefer to learn French, read books and write stories now. W: Then what do you do to relax? I mean everyone needs to do something to relax sometimes. You can’t work or study all the time. M: I like to hang out with my friends. We do things such as going to the movies or going to a karaoke to sing. Most of my friends love singing. It’s really a good way to relax. W: Many people love drinking beer when they go out and sing karaoke. Do you do that, too? M: Drink beer? I used to drink beer when I went out to sing songs with my friends. But I don’t do that now. Drinking too much beer can be harmful to our health. I don’t want to harm my health. When we go out to sing, we just sing. So what do you like doing in the evening? W: I do exercise in the gym or hang out with my friends. Sometimes, I go to the cinema. M: Do you ever watch TV? W: Hardly. I think it’s a waste of time. M: I can’t agree more. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How old is Flora’s son? A. 8. B. 10. C. 12. 18. What does Flora want to know? A. How to make her kids get along well. B. How to encourage her kids to be brave. C. How to help kids get along well with their friends. 19. How did the speaker’s son feel when he was compared with his sister? A. Surprised. B. Sad. C. Calm. 20. Where does the speaker work most, probably? A. In a hospital. B. At a radio station. C. In a company. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【原文】Last Thursday, a mother named Flora wrote to us and told us that her 10-year-old daughter and her son who is two years older don’t get along well. She wants some advice. In today’s program, I’ll give parents some tips on how to help their children get along well. First, parents should teach their children to stand up for themselves. Don’t make your children believe you love one more than the other. Train both children to express their needs, and support them when necessary. Second, avoid comparing your kids with each other or with any other child. I once compared my son with his twelve-year-old sister, and it made him very sad. He believed I loved his sister more than I loved him. Third, help them to be a team. Give them rewards if they do something well together. It can encourage them to work together instead of having fights. Finally, make sure your kids get enough personal space. Children in the same family have to share parents, toys, family time, and so on. But sometimes they just want to be alone. So provide them with enough personal space. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Famous Festivals in the World Holi Festival in India The ancient Hindu festival of Holi is held in late February and early March. This colorful act symbolizes the victory of good over evil (邪恶) each year. It begins with a bonfire (篝火) , the flame of which burns away evil, and after that, the participants are in for some real fun. Crowds of people sprinkle (酒) each other with colored powder and organic paints as a sign of goodness and good luck. Venice Carnival in Italy The most romantic city in Italy fills with bright colors and sounds of music every year at the end of February. Residents and guests of Venice dress up in splendid costumes in the style of the Middle Ages and cover their faces with masks. The carnival ends with the awarding of the competitors who have showed the most original and colorful costumes. Tomorrowland in Belgium The biggest electronic music festival in the world is held at the end of July in the Belgian city of Boom. The famous three-day event annually gathers more than 300 thousand guests. The main stages are set up in a large park with artificial ponds and beautiful green areas. The area will be equipped in advance with food courts, grills, and all the necessary equipment. Burning Man in the USA Many cultural events pale in comparison to the legendary Burning Man, held in Nevada from the last Monday in August to the first Monday in September. The unique atmosphere is created not only by the organizers and the desert where the festival takes place but also by the participants themselves. They build a tent city with homemade art objects and the necessary equipment. The highlight of the festival is the burning of a huge wooden statue of a man and the main temple. 21. Which festival is held in late February and early March? A. Holi Festival. B. Venice Carnival. C. Tomorrowland. D. Burning Man. 22. What does Venice Carnival in Italy end with? A. A bonfire. B. A food feast. C. The awarding of the competitors. D. The burning of a huge wooden man. 23. Where is Burning Man held? A. Near a pond. B. In a desert. C. In a large park. D. Along the city street. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四个著名的节日。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Holi Festival in India部分“The ancient Hindu festival of Holi is held in late February and early March.(古老的印度节日胡里节在2月底和3月初举行)”可知，胡里节在2月底和3月初举行。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Venice Carnival in Italy部分“The carnival ends with the awarding of the competitors who have showed the most original and colorful costumes.(狂欢节以向展示最原创、最丰富多彩服装的参赛者颁奖而结束)”可知，意大利威尼斯狂欢节以对参赛者的奖励结束。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Burning Man in the USA部分“The unique atmosphere is created not only by the organizers and the desert where the festival takes place but also by the participants themselves.(独特的氛围不仅是由组织者和节日所在的沙漠创造的，也是由参与者自己创造的)”可知，美国火人节的所在地是沙漠，即火人节是在沙漠里举行的。故选B。 B Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her. One day in 2007 when she paddled (划船) out at Ocean Beach in San Francisco, she met a wave the height of a two-story house. “The moment I went under water, I was just getting knocked. And then my feet touched the sand bottom there. I swam to the surface. At this point my lungs were burning painfully. Luckily there wasn't another wave.” That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves. By 2014, Valenti surfed and won her first big waves match at Nelscott Reef in Oregon. There, she met fellow professionals Paige Alms, Andrea Moller, and Keala Kennelly. “Two things got me fired up at that point,” she said. “I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events, but there weren't more events for women. Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people's minds… That's really annoying.” Luckily, Valenti, Alms, Moller, and Kennelly became a group and decided to stick together, support each other, and then fight together. The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women's Surfing (CEWS) to fight for entrance at Mavericks—a match set in the surfing location of the same name, north of Half Moon Bay. Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed. Now, through the organization's hard work with the State of California, women are awarded 12 spots to surf. When Valenti was young, there weren't many women represented in surfing culture. “I think it's important for young kids to have all kinds of role models. That way they know all the people who they see as superheroes are just normal people who have crazy dreams. And sometimes the dreams aren't even that crazy. If you work hard and you stick together with your friends, you can do anything You can move mountains.” 24. What inspired Valenti to surf big waves? A. Her gift in learning surfing skills. B. Her near-death experience in 2007. C. Her desire to be the best role model. D. Her courage to challenge men surfers. 25. What does the underlined phrase “fired up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Disappointed. D. Confused. 26. What do we know about Mavericks in Valenti's time? A. It was named after Half Moon bay. B. All surfers were admitted to it freely. C. It opened 12 spots for women surfers. D. Surfers could only attend it by invitation. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Valenti? A. Tough and sensitive. B. Emotional and passive. C. Brave and determined. D. Simple-minded and helpful. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了冲浪者Bianca Valenti在一次死里逃生的经历中意识到自己有动力和技巧在巨浪中冲浪，后来她与结识的几位专业冲浪者为女性在冲浪领域能够获得平等的机会做出许多努力。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.(那时Valenti 知道她有在巨浪中冲浪的动力和技巧。) ”可知，前文讲述的死里逃生的经历使得Valenti决定在巨浪中冲浪。故选B。 【25题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段Valenti所述“ I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events, but there weren't more events for women. Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people's minds… That's really annoying.”(我想有机会赢得更多的赛事，但没有更多的女性赛事。我还注意到，仅仅是看到女人在巨浪上冲浪，就能让人们觉得新奇。真烦人) ”可知，这两件事是对“Two things got me fired up at that point”的解释，由此可知annoying与fired up意思相近，都表示“令人生气的”，与A选项Angry（生气的）意思相同。故选A。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed. (在CEWS成立时，Mavericks只能通过邀请参加，且只对男性开放) ”可知，只有受到邀请的冲浪者才能参加Mavericks。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“When Valenti was young, there weren’t many women represented in surfing culture.(Valenti年轻时，冲浪文化中没有多少女性参与)”可知，Valenti敢做大多数女性不敢做的事情，说明她是勇敢的；根据第四段第一句“The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women’s Surfing(CEWS)to fight for entrance at Mavericks — a contest set in the surfing location of the same name, north of Half Moon Bay.(这四名冲浪者组成了CEWS，奋力争取参与Mavericks这一赛事——比赛地点设在半月湾以北的同名冲浪场地)”以及最后一段倒数两句“If you work hard and you stick together with your friends, you can do anything. You can move mountains. (如果你努力工作，与朋友们团结在一起，你可以做任何事。你可以移动高山) ”可知，Valenti是一位意志坚定的人。综上可知，Valenti是一位勇敢且意志坚定的人。故选C。 C Engineering researchers at the Ohio State University found that walking at varying speeds can burn more calories (卡路里) compared to maintaining the same speed. The act of changing speeds burns energy, and the researchers found that up to eight percent of the energy we use during walks could be due to the energy necessary to start and stop walking. “Walking at any speed costs some energy, but when you’re changing the speed, you’re pressing the gas pedal (踏板) , Nidhi Seethapathi, first author of the study and doctoral fellow in mechanical engineering, said in a statement. Changing the kinetic (运动的) energy of the person requires more work from the legs and that process certainly burns more energy. Researchers measured the cost of changing walking speeds by having study participants change their walking space on a treadmill (跑步机) while its speed remained the same. Participants changed between speeding up to move to the front of the treadmill, and slowing down to move to the back of the treadmill. “Our study suggests that to burn more calories you should change your walking speed fast and often,” Seethapathi said. “Increasing your speed for one minute every five minutes would surely increase your calorie burn. But this is mainly because you’re walking faster during that one-minute. The kind of speed changes we are talking about in the paper are more frequent — every few seconds rather than every few minutes.” If you’re walking to lose weight and want to burn more calories as the study suggests, constantly (连续地) stop and start walking again. For example, walk for three seconds, stop, walk for three seconds, stop, and so on, so you’re consuming energy every time you change speeds. Doing things you wouldn’t normally do on your walk, such as walking in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line, walking with weights on your legs, or swinging your arms like a crazy person can also help you burn more calories. 28. How can you walk to lose more weight? A. By both walking and running. B. By walking at the same speed. C. By following the doctor’s advice. D. By changing your walking speed. 29 Why does Nidhi Seethapathi mention the gas pedal? A. To stress the way to speed up. B. To share her driving experience. C. To help make her opinion clear. D. To remind people to drive slowly. 30. What else do researchers suggest doing? A. Walking in an unnatural way. B. Running regularly every day in the morning. C. Changing your goals once you have got one. D. Weighing to see how many pounds you melt. 31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. The Faster, the Thinner B. A Simple Trick Helps to Burn More Calories C. How to Lose More Weight D. Walking at the Same Speed Makes No Sense 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的工程研究人员发现，与保持相同的速度相比，以不同的速度行走可以燃烧更多的卡路里。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Engineering researchers at the Ohio State University found that walking at varying speeds can burn more calories (卡路里) compared to maintaining the same speed.(俄亥俄州立大学的工程研究人员发现，与保持相同的速度相比，以不同的速度行走可以燃烧更多的卡路里)”可知，以不同的速度行走可以燃烧更多的卡路里，所以如果你想要减肥更多，你应该改变你的行走速度。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““Walking at any speed costs some energy, but when you’re changing the speed, you’re pressing the gas pedal (踏板) , Nidhi Seethapathi, first author of the study and doctoral fellow in mechanical engineering, said in a statement. Changing the kinetic (运动的) energy of the person requires more work from the legs and that process certainly burns more energy. Researchers measured the cost of changing walking speeds by having study participants change their walking pace on a treadmill (跑步机) while its speed remained the same.(该研究的第一作者、机械工程博士Nidhi Seethapathi在一份声明中说：“以任何速度行走都会消耗一些能量，但当你改变速度时，你就是在踩油门踏板。改变人的动能需要腿部做更多的工作，这个过程当然会消耗更多的能量。研究人员通过让研究参与者在跑步机上改变行走速度来测量改变行走速度的成本，而跑步机的速度保持不变)”可知，Nidhi Seethapathi提到油门踏板，是为了以其为例子，帮助说明自己的观点。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you’re walking to lose weight and want to burn more calories as the study suggests, constantly (连续地) stop and start walking again. For example, walk for three seconds, stop, walk for three seconds, stop, and so on, so you’re consuming energy every time you change speeds. Doing things you wouldn’t normally do on your walk, such as walking in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line, walking with weights on your legs, or swinging your arms like a crazy person can also help you burn more calories.(如果你正在步行减肥，并且想像研究所建议的那样燃烧更多的卡路里，那么就要不断地停下来，重新开始步行。例如，步行三秒钟，停止，步行三秒，停止等等，所以每次改变速度都会消耗能量。做一些你在走路时通常不会做的事情，比如走曲线而不是直线，双腿负重走路，或者像疯子一样摆动手臂，也可以帮助你燃烧更多的卡路里)”可知，研究人员们建议人们用不自然的方式走路。故选A。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Engineering researchers at the Ohio State University found that walking at varying speeds can burn more calories (卡路里) compared to maintaining the same speed.(俄亥俄州立大学的工程研究人员发现，与保持相同的速度相比，以不同的速度行走可以燃烧更多的卡路里)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的工程研究人员发现，与保持相同的速度相比，以不同的速度行走可以燃烧更多的卡路里，所以“一个简单的技巧帮助燃烧更多的卡路里”适合作为文章标题。故选B。 D As you're packing up your Christmas decorations, you might be wondering which type of tree is actually better for the environment; a real one or a synthetic (合成的) one made out of plastic? While the answer isn't as simple as you might think, one has slight advantages over the other. Obviously, trees are good for the environment as they capture CO2, and store it inside of their branches, needles, and also roots. Christmas trees are the same. Christmas tree farming could actually have environmental benefits that you might not have thought of. It takes 10 years for Christmas trees to grow up to 6 feet. Over this decade, the trees house animals and also absorb CO from the atmosphere. However, the way Christmas trees are planted can be difficult, especially when pesticides are used a lot and taking into consideration the fact that natural ecosystems (生态系统) are cleared out in order to make room for Christmas tree plantations. If you prefer to have a real tree, you'd better find a local source in order to avoid shipping, which causes more carbon emissions (排放) . It's also really important to deal with them properly. If trees end up in landfills, they will have a negative environmental impact. The best way to deal with them is to cut them up and recycle them as wood chippings (木屑) . So what about those synthetic trees? Of course, they can be used again and again year after year, but their major disadvantage is that they are typically made of PVC, which happens to be one of the most damaging plastics. It can also produce poisonous pollution, end up in animals' bodies and even affect all up and down the food chain. It is also quite difficult to recycle. So who's the winner? It seems that getting a real tree is surprisingly the better deal for the environment. Meanwhile, make sure you deal with it properly once the holiday season is over. 32. What can we know about real Christmas trees from the text? A. They are very difficult to find. B. They can be recycled year after year. C. They are damaged by too many pests D. They have more positive environmental impacts. 33. What should you do if you prefer to have a real tree? A. Pack it up when shipping. B. Deal with it correctly. C. Make it end up in the landfills. D. Find a reliable source to get one. 34. What's the author's attitude to synthetic trees? A. Favorable. B. Satisfied. C. Objective. D. Sensitive. 35. Why does the author write this text? A. To give ways of Christmas trees planting. B. To tell how to protect natural ecosystems. C. To offer suggestions on how to decorate Christmas trees. D. To show which Christmas tree is more environmentally-friendly. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了圣诞树对环境的影响，比较了真实圣诞树和合成圣诞树的优缺点，并给出了一些建议。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Christmas tree farming could actually have environmental benefits that you might not have thought of. It takes 10 years for Christmas trees to grow up to 6 feet. Over this decade, the trees house animals and also absorb CO from the atmosphere(圣诞树种植实际上可能有一些你没有想到的环境效益。圣诞树需要10年的时间才能长到6英尺。在这十年里，树木为动物提供栖息地，同时也从大气中吸收二氧化碳)”可知，真实的圣诞树对环境有积极的影响。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“If you prefer to have a real tree, you'd better find a local source in order to avoid shipping, which causes more carbon emissions (排放) . It's also really important to deal with them properly. If trees end up in landfills, they will have a negative environmental impact. The best way to deal with them is to cut them up and recycle them as wood chippings (木屑) (如果你喜欢真实的树，你最好找一个本地的来源，以避免运输，这会导致更多的碳排放。正确处理它们也非常重要。如果树木最终被填埋，它们将对环境产生负面影响。处理它们的最佳方法是将它们切碎并作为木屑回收)”可知，如果你喜欢真实的树，你应该正确处理它。故选B项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“So what about those synthetic trees? Of course, they can be used again and again year after year, but their major disadvantage is that they are typically made of PVC, which happens to be one of the most damaging plastics. It can also produce poisonous pollution, end up in animals' bodies and even affect all up and down the food chain. It is also quite difficult to recycle(那么那些合成树呢？当然，它们可以年复一年地被反复使用，但它们的主要缺点是它们通常由PVC制成，这恰好是最具破坏性的塑料之一。它还可能产生有毒污染，最终进入动物体内，甚至影响整个食物链。它的回收也相当困难)”可知，作者客观地描述了合成树的优缺点，没有表现出明显的偏好或不满。故选C项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As you're packing up your Christmas decorations, you might be wondering which type of tree is actually better for the environment; a real one or a synthetic (合成的) one made out of plastic? While the answer isn't as simple as you might think, one has slight advantages over the other.(当你收拾圣诞装饰品时，你可能会想知道哪种树对环境实际上更好；是真的还是塑料制成的合成树？虽然答案并不像你想象的那么简单，但其中一种比另一种略有优势)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示哪种圣诞树更环保。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendships are an important aspect of life, but sometimes making friends can seem hard. Perhaps there is a new person in your school who seems cool, and you'd like to get to know him. Here are some ways for you to break the ice. Smile. When you see them, greet them with a kind smile. ___36___ You may have never smiled at or even made eye contact with them before, so they may have no idea that you want to be friends with them. Smiling will plant a seed in their mind that you have some level of interest. Greet them with a hello. If you see them in the mornings or walk past them on your way to class, greet them with “hello” This will likely begin to spark an interest in them to know more about you and to talk to you. ___37___ Ask a favour. This is another way to guarantee (确保) that you are noticed and a way to start building a friendship with them. For example, you might ask them something like, “___38___” if they are standing by the supplies desk in the classroom. Ask a question. Another great way to begin having small conversations is to ask small, simple questions. They will appreciate the opportunity to be able to help you if you ask questions like “ ___39___” If you're lucky, they may begin to rely on you when they have questions as well. ___40___ If you have common friends with this person, a great way to know him is to have your friends introduce you to him. This is perhaps the easiest and most effective way to break the ice. A. Can you take a pencil for me? B. Always listen more than you speak. C. Smiles indicate friendliness and warmth. D. Ask your common friends to introduce you. E. This will also guarantee that they notice you. F. The act of smiling can also affect your feeling. G. What chapter did the teacher say we should turn to? 【答案】36. C 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些打破僵局认识新同学的方法。 【36题详解】 根据上文“When you see them, greet them with a kind smile.(当你看到他们的时候，用亲切的微笑和他们打招呼)”可知，本句承接上文，说明微笑的作用。故C选项“微笑表示友好和温暖”符合语境，故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“If you see them in the mornings or walk past them on your way to class, greet them with “hello” This will likely begin to spark an interest in them to know more about you and to talk to you.(如果你在早上看到他们，或者在去上课的路上经过他们，跟他们打招呼说“你好”，这可能会激发他们对你的兴趣，让他们更多地了解你，和你说话)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文，说明上述做法的好处。故E选项“这也能保证他们注意到你”符合语境，故选E。 【38题详解】 根据上文“This is another way to guarantee (确保) that you are noticed and a way to start building a friendship with them. For example, you might ask them something like(这是保证你被注意到的另一种方式，也是开始与他们建立友谊的一种方式。例如，你可以问他们这样的问题……)”可知，本句主要是在针对寻求帮助的问题进行举例。故A选项“你能帮我拿一支铅笔吗？”符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“They will appreciate the opportunity to be able to help you if you ask questions like(如果你问……这样的问题，他们会很高兴有机会帮助你)”可知，本段主要是列举可以帮助到他人的询问。故G选项“老师说我们应该翻到哪一章？”符合语境，故选G。 【40题详解】 根据本段内容“If you have common friends with this person, a great way to know him is to have your friends introduce you to him. This is perhaps the easiest and most effective way to break the ice.(如果你和这个人有共同的朋友，了解他的一个好方法就是让你的朋友把你介绍给他。这可能是打破僵局最简单、最有效的方法)”可知，本段的主旨是通过共同朋友介绍来认识新同学。故D选项“让你共同的朋友介绍你认识”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like every day, one evening I went to the park to relax myself. I ___41___ on the bench. My eyes ___42___ a pair of cute children who seemed to be siblings (亲兄妹) . I stared at them more as they were ___43___ in their usual fun game: hide and seek. I enjoyed their game without being a (n) ___44___. While playing, the little girl came running towards me to hide behind the bench. I sat ___45___ to help her to hide. After ___46___ his countdown, the boy searched for her here and there. At last, he spotted her behind me and screamed, “Grace, come out. I saw you.” They both started pulling each other. I enjoyed their game ___47___. Suddenly, I noticed Grace rush towards a (n) ___48___ puppy (小狗) with her brother and kept it on her lap. The puppy was not far away from the ___49___ where I rested. Many visitors were there. But nobody paid any attention to it. The little puppy got a big wound on its left hind leg. She untied her hair and ___50___ the wound with her wide ribbon (发带) . And the boy took out his water bottle to relieve its ___51___. The little girl kissed the puppy and ___52___ moved her tiny palm (手掌) over its body. When it was time for them to go home, the girl was ___53___ to leave the puppy alone in that condition. Her brother ___54___ her to visit again the next morning. What sweet kids they were! Life would be better if everyone ___55___ love and kindness to others like them. 41. A. slept B. rested C. studied D. worked 42. A. fell for B. fell behind C. fell upon D. fell into 43. A. involved B. concerned C. experienced D. charged 44. A. participant B. instructor C. child D. parent 45. A. backward B. straight C. forward D. down 46. A. beginning B. making C. finishing D. holding 47. A. directly B. fully C. effectively D. typically 48. A. missing B. lovely C. infected D. wounded 49. A. bench B. hotel C. camp D. beach 50. A. touched B. found C. cleaned D. wrapped 51. A. exhaustion B. thirst C. hunger D. cold 52. A. quickly B. slowly C. rudely D. softly 53. A. unwilling B. thrilled C. eager D. unlikely 54. A. wished B. reminded C. expected D. promised 55. A. believes B. rewards C. presents D. reflects 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对兄妹在公园玩耍时救助了一只受伤的小狗，展现了他们的爱心与善良，传递出对他人施以爱与善意的生活会更美好的主题。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在长凳上休息。A. slept睡觉；B. rested休息；C. studied学习；D. worked工作。根据上文“one evening I went to the park to relax myself”及下文“where I rested”可知，作者去公园是为了放松，空处应是坐在长凳上休息。故选B 【42题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的目光落在一对看起来像兄妹的可爱孩子身上。A. fell for爱上；B. fell behind落后；C. fell upon落到；D. fell into陷入。根据上文“My eyes”可知，空处指作者的目光“落在”那对兄妹身上。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更多地盯着他们看，因为他们正沉浸在他们平常的乐趣游戏中：捉迷藏。A. involved涉及，沉浸；B. concerned关心；C. experienced经历；D. charged充电，指控。根据下文“in their usual fun game”可知，空处表示孩子们沉浸在他们的游戏中，be involved in意为“沉浸于，参与”，符合语境。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我享受着他们的游戏，并没有成为一个参与者。A. participant参与者；B. instructor指导者；C. child孩子；D. parent父母。根据上文“I stared at them more”以及下一段描述两人玩游戏的过程可知，作者只是旁观，并没有加入游戏，因此不是游戏的参与者。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坐直身体，帮她躲起来。A. backward向后；B. straight直接地，笔直地；C. forward向前；D. down向下。根据下文“to help her to hide”可知，此处表示作者为了让小女孩躲在自己身后，应该是坐直身体以便给她提供遮挡。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：在完成倒计数后，男孩到处寻找她。A. beginning开始；B. making制作；C. finishing完成；D. holding持有。根据下文“the boy searched for her here and there”可知，小男孩是在完成了倒计时之后开始找妹妹。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全享受着他们的游戏。A. directly直接地；B. fully完全地；C. effectively有效地；D. typically典型地。根据上文“I enjoyed their game”可知，作者对孩子们的游戏感到很开心，fully 表示“完全地”，修饰enjoyed，强调享受的程度。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到Grace和她的哥哥冲向一只受伤的小狗，并把它抱在她的腿上。A. missing失踪的；B. lovely可爱的；C. infected受感染的；D. wounded受伤的。根据下文“The little puppy got a big wound”可知，小狗是受伤的。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只小狗离我休息的长凳不远。A. bench长凳；B. hotel酒店；C. camp营地；D. beach海滩。根据上文第一段中“on the bench”及下文“where I rested”可知，空处指小狗距离作者坐的长凳不远。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解开头发，用她的宽发带包扎伤口。A. touched触摸；B. found发现；C. cleaned清洁；D. wrapped包裹。根据下文“the wound with her wide ribbon”可知，小女孩用发带包扎小狗的伤口。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩拿出他的水瓶来缓解它的口渴。A. exhaustion疲惫；B. thirst口渴；C. hunger饥饿；D. cold寒冷。根据上文“the boy took out his water bottle”可知，小男孩拿出水瓶给小狗水喝是为了缓解它的口渴。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：小女孩亲吻了小狗，然后轻轻地用手掌抚摸它的身体。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. rudely粗鲁地；D. softly温柔地。根据上文“The little girl kissed the puppy”可知，小女孩对小狗充满了关爱，因此她的动作应该是温柔的。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到了他们该回家的时候，女孩不愿意把小狗独自留在那种状态下。A. unwilling不愿意的；B. thrilled激动的；C. eager渴望的；D. unlikely不可能的。根据上文“The little girl kissed the puppy”可知，小女孩对小狗表现出了极大的同情和爱护，空处指她不愿意离开小狗。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她哥哥答应她第二天早上再来看它。A. wished希望；B. reminded提醒；C. expected期待；D. promised承诺。根据下文“to visit again the next morning”可知，哥哥为了让妹妹放心，许诺第二天还会回来。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都像他们一样对他人展现出爱和善良，生活将会更好。A. believes相信；B. rewards奖励；C. presents展现，给予；D. reflects反映。根据下文“love and kindness to others like them”可知，这里强调的是向他人展示爱和善良的行为。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Square dancing got more popular after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as the government wanted to promote national fitness activities. It was ___56___ (far) encouraged as a good way of exercise for retirees in 2023. According ___57___ official statistics, there are presently over 120 million Chinese ___58___ regularly dance across the nation’s squares. Dancing groups usually form a small society of organizers, lead ___59___ (dancer) and other participants. It is more than just dancing. It’s ___60___ way of socializing, about meeting new friends ___61___ sharing their life trivia (琐事) with others. To meet more seniors’ needs for improvement, both online and offline training classes were organized, ___62___ (support) by the governments at all levels. Similarly, national and regional competitions ___63___ (hold) to attract these ageing performers. In recent years, guidelines are introduced ___64___ (make) this activity more friendly to the public and ensure ___65___ (it) development. The guidelines include standardizing a recommended music volume and permitted practice times. 【答案】56. further 57. to 58. who##that 59. dancers 60. a 61. and 62. supported 63. were held 64. to make 65. its 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了广场舞在中国流行，成为退休人士的健身社交活动，参与人数众多。政府支持培训，举办比赛，制定规则以促进其健康发展。 【56题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：它在2023年被进一步鼓励为退休人员一种良好锻炼方式。空处修饰动词encouraged，应用副词形式作状语，需用副词的比较级形式来表达程度上的加深，further符合语境。故填further。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：据官方统计，目前有超过1.2亿中国人经常在全国广场上跳舞。according to为固定短语，表示“根据”，符合语境。故填to。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据官方统计，目前有超过1.2亿中国人经常在全国广场上跳舞。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：舞蹈团体通常由组织者、领舞者和其他参与者组成一个小团体。句中dancer是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填dancers。 【60题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是一种社交方式，可以结识新朋友，与他人分享他们的生活琐事。此处泛指一种社交方式，空处应用不定冠词，way是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意：这是一种社交方式，可以结识新朋友，与他人分享他们的生活琐事。句中meeting new friends与sharing their life trivia (琐事) with others之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了满足更多老年人的改进需求，在各级政府的支持下，组织了线上和线下培训课程。句中已有谓语were organized，空处作非谓语动词，support与逻辑主语online and offline training classes之间是被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式。故填supported。 【63题详解】 考时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：同样，国家和地区比赛被举办以吸引这些老年表演者。根据上文时态可知，本句应用一般过去时描述过去的情况，hold与主语national and regional competitions之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语national and regional competitions是复数，be动词使用were。故填were held。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，指导方针被引进，使这项活动对公众更加友好，并确保其发展。句中已有谓语are introduced，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，指导方针被引进，是为了使这项活动对公众更友好，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to make。 【65题详解】 考查代词。句意：近年来，指导方针被引进，使这项活动对公众更加友好，并确保其发展。结合语意可知，此处表示确保这项活动的发展，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，修饰名词development，符合题意。故填its。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 期末考试在即，为了帮助同学们学会调节考前心理压力，你校打算举办一场英语演讲比赛，请你以How to face the final exam 为题写一篇发言稿参赛，谈谈你的个人建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 How to face the final exam ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: How to face the final exam I’m honored to share my ideas with you. As students, it’s natural for us to worry about the approaching final examination. However, there is no need to give ourselves too much pressure. If you’re still under stress, you can follow my advice. Firstly, build up your confidence and never give up whatever problems you meet. Secondly, all work with no play makes Jack a dull boy, so try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. Thirdly, find suitable ways to adjust yourselves and seek help if necessary. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以How to face the final exam为题写一篇发言稿，参加学校打算举办的英语演讲比赛，谈谈个人建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 观点：idea→opinion 建议：advice→suggestion 适当的：suitable→proper 帮助：help→assistance 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Secondly, all work with no play makes Jack a dull boy, so try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 拓展句：Secondly, because all work with no play makes Jack a dull boy, try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 【点睛】【高分句型1】If you’re still under stress, you can follow my advice. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 【高分句型2】Firstly, build up your confidence and never give up whatever problems you meet.(运用了whatever引导的让步状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 This is a heartwarming story and it began unfolding itself on Father's Day when some kind people got so creative that they could get an elderly man out of the heat. The 70-year-old man, Rosario Del Real, was pushing a cart around a Chicago neighborhood—hard work for anyone on a hot summer day. But now, thanks to some sweet customers and the kindness that spread quickly, he may finally have the opportunity to enjoy his retirement. Rosario Del Real worked harder than many folks half his age. Until this month, he had been working as a carpenter from home. Since an injury forced him to take a break from his profession, he pushed a refrigerator cart through the streets, selling Mexican-style ice pops (冰棒) to the neighbors. Don Rosario, as he was affectionately known, was born in Zacatecas, Mexico and wore his traditional cowboy suit, hat and belt whenever he sold his frozen treats. It may have been a holiday for dads across the US, but for Don Rosario, it was “another day at the office”, pushing his refrigerator cart around the neighborhood, Oscar Gonzalez and his friend Victor Dominguez were hosting a Father's Day barbecue for their families and they found the poor old man who had to work on such a hot day. It was agreed that something had to be done to help this old man. So they invited the hardworking salesman to join them. However, the salesman thanked them but didn't stop his hard work because his refrigerator was still full of frozen treats. He had to sell them out before having a rest, though he needed it so much. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Everyone bonded (联合) very quickly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Don Rosario was moved to tears by their generosity that day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Everyone bonded very quickly. Before long, they decided to buy all of the items in Don Rosario’s cart so that he could go home and rest. One of their friends recorded a video of the heartwarming sale and posted it on the Internet and when the video spread online, the family used the publicity to set up a fundraiser that could help the immigrant retire. To their surprise, generous strangers from all over the world ended up contributing more than $ 62, 000. Don Rosario was moved to tears by their generosity that day. When learning that his new friends had collected a huge sum for his retirement, the old salesman excitedly told his new friends, “Nothing can express my thanks to you lovely friends who have done this for me. It has made me so happy. But I don’t like to sit at home doing nothing and without a purpose. I will keep working because it brings me so much satisfaction. ” 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了一位70岁的老人Rosario Del Real在父亲节当天仍在街头卖冰棒的故事。一群好心人为了帮助他，买下了他所有的冰棒，让他能够回家休息。这个故事在网络上传播开来，引发了人们的关注和慷慨捐助，最终为这位老人筹集了超过62,000美元的退休金。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句“大家很快就联合起来”可知，第一段可描写大家为帮助Don Rosario所采取的具体行动，如买下他所有的冰棒，并通过网络发起筹款等。 ②由第二段首句“Don Rosario被他们那天的慷慨所感动，流下了眼泪”可知，第二段可描写Don Rosario对大家慷慨相助的感动和他对未来的打算。 2.续写线索：买下冰棒——网络筹款——Don Rosario 感动——表达感谢——表明继续工作的想法 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①购买：buy/purchase ②利用：use/make use of/take advantage of ③捐赠：contribute/donate 情绪类 ①感动的：moved/touched ②兴奋地：excitedly/joyfully [高分句型 1] Before long, they decided to buy all of the items in Don Rosario’s cart so that he could go home and rest. （使用了so that引导目的状语从句） [高分句型 2] When learning that his new friends had collected a huge sum for his retirement, the old salesman excitedly told his new friends, “Nothing can express my thanks to you lovely friends who have done this for me.（使用了When引导的时间状语从句的省略、that引导宾语从句和who引导定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null