精品解析：山东省淄博市2023-2024学年度高二下学期期末英语试题

null 2023—2024学年度第二学期高二教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the airport B. At the train station. C. At the bus stop. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the speakers probably buy from the supermarket? A. Strawberries. B. Milk C. Cookies. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is the woman probably talking to? A. Her husband. B. A chef. C. A server. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does the man plan to check in? A. On August 3. B. On August 4. C. On August 7. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the probable season now? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Preparing dinner. B. Losing weight. C. Adjusting the schedule. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. At what age did the cat come to the woman’s house? A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. 9. What does the man think of his dog? A. It is cute. B. It is independent. C. It is energetic. 10. What animal do the woman’s kids want to get? A. A rabbit. B. Fish. C. Another cat. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11 How would the man go to work if he took the apartment? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car. 12. What is in the apartment? A. A washer. B. A microwave. C. A refrigerator. 13. How does the man feel about the apartment? A. It’s small. B. It’s quiet. C. It’s well equipped. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is Big Bear? A. A ski field. B. A company. C. A club. 15. Why is the man staying in the cabin? A. It is cheap. B. It is interesting. C. It is convenient. 16. What is the woman worried about if she can go? A. Her new job. B. The living conditions. C. The limit on the number of people. 17. What will the woman do next? A. Pack her bag. B. Check her schedule. C. Ask for leave from work. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What kind of seagulls will steal food? A. Hungry ones. B. Strong ones. C. Brave ones. 19. How long would the seagulls wait on average when they were stared at? A. 7 seconds. B. 21 seconds. C. 63 seconds. 20. What are the scientists trying to tell people? A. To learn to live with seagulls. B. To help seagulls behave better. C. To give more attention to seagulls. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A These four people from around the world prove that ordinary people can have a remarkable impact on the planet. Alessandra Korap Munduruku Alessandra Korap Munduruku organized community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American, which formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories. The decision protected a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation. Tero Mustonen Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining throughout Finland and transformed them into productive, biodiverse (生物多样的) wetlands and habitats. Rich in organic matter, peatlands are effective carbon sinks. According to the IUCN, peatlands are the largest - natural Carbon stores on Earth. Diane Wilson In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest chemical companies, for the illegal dumping of plastic waste on Texas’ Gulf Coast. As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to reach “zero-discharge” of plastic waste from its Point Comfort factory, pay fines until discharges stop, and fund repair of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways. Delima Silalahi Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17,824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Her community’s activists required a paper company to return this territory, which had been partially converted into a monoculture, non-native, industrial place. 21. What was Tero Mustonen devoted to doing? A. Repairing the damage done to peatlands. B. Promoting the industrial peat mining. C. Controlling the development/ of carbon stores. D. Creating valuable carbon sinks. 22. Who was involved in a law suit? A. Alessandra Korap Munduruku. B. Tero Mustonen. C Diane Wilson. D. Delima Silalahi. 23. What can we infer about the four people? A. They are environmental defenders. B. They are zero-discharge supporters. C. They are industrial mining sponsors. D. They are deforestation opponents. B Housed at the Good Hope Gardens Nursery in Cape Point — which focuses on nursing and protecting plants flowers and trees indigenous to the Cape Floral Kingdom-Veld & Sea is run by Roushanna Gray, a food artist and forager (觅食者), who says it is her own curiosity about the eatable land that fuels her to start these experiences. “My inspiration spring s from a desire to share the rich biodiversity of eatable plants of South Africa and arouse awareness about sustainable living,” she explains, “Our experiences employ a hands-on approach. I believe that direct engagement with nature during the workshops has a deeper understanding of the relationships within these ecosystems, encouraging participants to develop a sense of responsibility and joy for nature.” A typical workshop sees guests arrive on nearby Scarborough Beach, where the morning is spent foraging for eatable plants. In keeping with the sustainable undercurrent, certain specific plants are picked to keep the ecosystem’s balance. After that, the group return to the Veld & Sea classroom to cook and sit down to a three-course lunch, made entirely of foraged produce. Through her workshops, Gray conveys a sense of responsibility and respect for the rich biodiversity of the coastal and eatable landscapes. “It’s the transformative power of hands-on learning in nature. It’s not just about foraging, but also about learning these wildly delicious ingredients, understanding their ecological roles, and appreciating the delicate balance they contribute to these ecosystems,” she adds, “In some ways, it’s more than just a workshop or a meal.” 24. What drove Gray to found Veld & Sea? A. The thirst for running business. B. The eagerness to fuel her experiences. C. The desire to engage with nature. D. The passion for raising sustainable awareness. 25. What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The advantages of foraging. B. The process of foraging. C. The cautions of foraging. D. The result of foraging. 26. Which of the following can best describe Gray? A. Warm-hearted and learned. B. Determined and cautious. C. Responsible and ecological. D. Considerate and reliable. 27. What’s the role of the workshops according to Gray? A. Enhancing processed food research. B. Promoting tourism in Cape Point. C. Increasing the population of eatable plants. D. Creating connections and respects for nature. C Have you ever found yourself transported back to a particular moment or place just by hearing a song? It’s not magic — it’s science. To know more about this, researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) conducted a study. What they discovered was that music is not just a series of notes on a page but a storyline that our brains create in our minds while listening. Participants from the study volunteered to have their brains scanned while listening to music. They had epilepsy (癫痫) and were already undergoing brain monitoring as part of their treatment. The researchers played them short musical snippets (片段) called “phases” with different note patterns. Some phrases were predictable, repeating familiar patterns, while others surprised them with unexpected notes. To track their brain activity, the researchers used a special technique called “high-density electrocorticography” (ECoG). This involves placing many tiny electrodes (电极) directly on the head, allowing for precise measurements of electrical activity in different areas. It’s like having many tiny microphones listening to different parts of your brain. By comparing the brain activity with the predictable and unpredictable phrases, the researchers could see which brain regions were more active when people anticipated the next note. The researchers found that while our brains use similar areas to understand both music and speech, there’s a key difference. Music triggers unique “prediction zones” that speech does not. This means our brains are wired to expect what’s coming next in a song, much more so than in a conversation. “It’s obvious that exposure to music enriches our social and emotional lives and has potential to treat a broad range of physical problems, such as sleep disorders. To understand why music is able to have all these benefits, we need to answer some fundamental questions about how music works in the brain,”said study lead author Dr. Narayan Sankaran. Long-term studies following individuals over time could provide valuable data on how the brain handles musical expectations and how the processing of musical expectations might change with aging, experience, or cognitive decline. 28. Why was the study conducted at UCSF? A. To find a cure for epilepsy using music therapy. B. To understand how epilepsy affects brain activity C. To explore how the brain understands and predicts music flow. D. To compare brain activities between patients with epilepsy and healthy people. 29. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By putting electrodes in the head. B. By tracking brain activity using ECoG. C. By recognizing different brain regions. D. By comparing predictable and unpredictable phrases. 30. What does the author assume for future research? A. Examining how the brain processes expectations. B. Investigating the impact of music on physical health. C. Analyzing the role of music in social bonding. D. Studying the effects of music on sleep disorders. 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Music engages key areas for emotional impact. B. Music can stimulate predication areas in the brain. C. Music is beneficial to physical and mental health. D. Music has more predictable patterns than speech. D Researchers at the University of Washington are studying a concept called “marine cloud brightening,” which aims to slow climate change by spraying clouds with sea salt. Salt particles (颗粒) help clouds form tiny, shiny water droplets, which reflect sunlight away from the earth before it can heat the planet. The white tops of certain clouds act like a natural sunscreen for the planet; the water droplets and ice crystals within reflect 30 to 60 percent of sunlight that hits them, according to NASA. Geoengineering researchers believe they can make clouds brighter and increase their cooling effect by increasing the number of droplets they contain. Some scientists hope it could buy humanity more time to cut carbon emissions. In April, University of Washington scientists started testing a saltwater spraying machine on the deck of the USS Hornet, a retired aircraft carrier in Alameda. The city paused the experiment in May, citing health and environmental concerns, but outside consultants hired by the city later concluded the test doesn’t pose “a measurable health risk to the surrounding community”. The Alameda experiment isn’t meant to “alter clouds or any aspect of the local weather or climate,” according to Sarah Doherty, an atmospheric scientist who runs the university’s marine cloud brightening program. The scientists are only testing whether their salt spray machine works and studying how salt particles move through the air. This highlights the strong opposition scientists face when they research anything related to geoengineering, a broad category of techniques that aim to manipulate (操纵) the climate. Some environmentalists argue that these ideas could have dangerous, unpredictable side effects and are a distraction from cutting carbon emissions, the most surefire way to avoid climate change. It may give polluters an excuse to keep pumping carbon into the atmosphere. “Geoengineering experiments, like the Marine Cloud Brightening project in the Bay Area, risk legitimizing (合法化) a harmful technology,” wrote Mary Church, who works for an American and Swiss environmental nonprofit. 32. How does “marine cloud brightening” slow climate change? A. By injecting clouds with sea salt to decrease sunlight reflection. B. By spraying clouds with sea salt to prevent the formation of water droplets. C. By increasing the number of shiny water droplets in clouds to reflect sunlight. D. By reducing the number of droplets in clouds to increase sunlight absorption. 33. Why was the experiment put on hold in May? A Environmental reasons. B. Insufficiency of funds. C. Poor project assessment. D. Lack of community support. 34. What is “geoengineering” according to the text? A. Study of the side ettects of climate change. B. A distraction from cutting carbon emissions. C. Methods of controlling the climate to cope with global warming. D. Technologies and their potential applications for people’s health. 35. What is a major concern about “marine cloud brightening”? A. It is too costly to be widely applied. B. It keeps pumping carbon into the atmosphere. C. It could result in over-dependence on harmful technologies. D. It may lead to unintended environmental consequences. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stop Trying to Keep Up With the Joneses It is so easy to get caught up in,a never-ending circle of comparing yourself to others and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “____36____” To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. ____37____ Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I amp not as successful, capable and attractive as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” ____38____ We often tell ourselves we are acceptable only if we meet certain standards, and we evaluate how we measure up by looking at others. The tendency is to conclude that we are not measuring up, particularly if we have a low sense of self-worth. ____39____ We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?” The fear of rejection creates uneasiness and anxiety. Comparison could be deceptive. ____40____ This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable and exhausting and stop playing. A. This blocks self-acceptance. B. Comparison is the thief of joy. C. Values are a solution to comparison. D. This can solidify your sense of self-acceptance. E. Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. F. It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. G. And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On June 16, Hislop, 105, walked the stage at Stanford University. She ____41____ to finish what she started and receive her master’s ____42____, 83 years after leaving the campus. When she rose from her seat, ____43____ in cap and gown (长袍), everyone on the ____44____ shouted and jumped for joy. She greeted the president on the stage and was handed her diploma. She smiled for the cameras. Her grandkids and great - grandkids waved and ____45____. Hislop won her bachelor’s in education in 1940 from Stanford with the plan of ____46____ a master’s degree so she could begin teaching. ____47____, due to World War II, she left Stanford after completing her coursework but before ____48____ her graduation paper. This did not pause her ____49____ to education. She has served for 30 years in many schools and universities. She has ____50____ a lot to the local school system and helped broaden it out. Theretore, she was ____51____ as “a fierce advocate for justice and the opportunity to learn.” “I felt that all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their ____52____ as best they could, and that everybody should have a ____53____ at higher education if they wanted,” Hislop said. Nowadays, Hislop is still a ____54____ reader. She spends most of her time doing community work, reading, socializing and working in her garden — a ____55____ she says has kept her sharp. Just as a saying says, no moss grows under her feet. 41. A. promised B. returned C. tried D. approached 42. A. scholarship B. prize C. degree D. course 43. A. mixed up B. covered up C. folded up D. dressed up 44. A. scene B. place C. scenery D. sight 45. A. cheered B. watched C. gestured D. laughed 46. A. reaching B. holding C. accepting D. earning 47. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore 48. A. handing out B. handing in C. giving away D. giving up 49. A. assessment B. commitment C. encouragement D. adjustment 50. A. contributed B. expressed C. introduced D. donated 51. A. discovered B. analyzed C. described D. created 52. A. patience B. practice C. presence D. potential 53. A. picture B. chance C. sense D. message 54. A. doubtful B. lonely C. worried D. hungry 55. A. routine B. lesson C. process D. project 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese fan dance is a beautiful component of China’s rich history. Rooted in ancient tradition, it is more than just a dance — it is ____56____ unique form of storytelling that combines art, music, and movement. ____57____ (traditional), the fan dance was performed to show elegance, often associated with the qualities that ____58____ (consider) to be typical of women. The fans are not merely props (支撑物), but extensions of the dancers’ bodies, ____59____ (use) to emphasize their movements and expressions. The fluttering (飘动) fans create a fantastic visual sight, symbolizing beauty, delicacy, ____60____ strength. In the modem context, the fan dance is no longer limited ____61____ traditional music and costumes, but has absorbed ____62____(element) of contemporary dance and fashion. This fusion (融合) of old and new has given the fan dance a fresh appeal, making it more ____63____ (access) to younger generations. Moreover, the fan dance is not just a performance, but also a form of exercise. It involves a series of coordinated movements that require balance, ____64____ (flexible), and rhythm, making it a fun and engaging way to keep fit. Undeniably, the Chinese fan dance is a representative of China’s cultural adaptability and certainly it has stood the test of time, continually reinventing itself while _____65_____ (stay) true to its roots, 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，你把交换生Jerry的书弄丢了，请你给他写一封电子邮件表示歉意，内容包括： 1.说明具体情况； 2.提出解决方案。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Jerry ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a freezing November night, perfect for high school football. The harvest moon shone bright, illuminating the stadium as our team prepared for the semifinal round of the Championship Our goal was to reach the State Championship game in December. As the team captain, I felt the weight of the game on my shoulders. Playing in the championship game was something my dad did as a senior in high school. Hoping to make it happen was a far dream of mine. I wanted to do something my dad had done, but better. The game was fiercely contested, with both teams leaving their all on the field! Our team took an early lead, but the opponents quickly countered. In a desperate attempt at a two-point conversion with three seconds left, we failed and the final score stood at 19-16. The sound of the whistle echoing through the stadium L we realized our dream of reaching the finals was over. I had my chance and blew it. I completely messed it up I knew where my parents sat and hid my face from their seats. I couldn’t bear the disappointment in the eyes of the crowd. I couldn’t bear the thought of what my dad was thinking. I felt numb, mentally and physically exhaused. I didn’t want to speak to anyone. Wo cheerleaders, no coaches, not my teammates, and especially not my dad. I feared how the conversation would go. With my gear (比赛用具) in hand, I made my way off the field. I looked up into the stands where my parents once sat. All of the seats were empty. II guessed they had decided to leave early. Was it my failure that drove them away? I didn’t blame them; I was disappointed too. It is funny how the air can be cold, your body hot and your emotions frozen as a familiar sound falls on your ringing ears. It was a whistle (哨音). A familiar whistle. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Among thousands of cheers, I recognized that whistle. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Dad said something I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度第二学期高二教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the airport B. At the train station. C. At the bus stop. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, my flight will stop in Chicago. Do I need to pick up my luggage there? W: No, it’ll go straight through to Los Angeles. Here are your boarding passes. Our flight leaves from gate 15A and it’ll begin boarding at 3:20. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Jack invited me to go fishing this Saturday. Can I go with him? W: I’ll have to confirm with your father first. I think he wants to take you and your sister hiking on Saturday. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the speakers probably buy from the supermarket? A. Strawberries. B. Milk C. Cookies. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I am making a grocery list. What do you need from the supermarket? M: Let me see. We already have some strawberries but we are out of milk. I am tired of eating cookies. Don’t add those to the list. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is the woman probably talking to? A Her husband. B. A chef. C. A server. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, this is our first time here. Do you have any recommendations? M: Certainly. Tonight our special is steak with mashed potatoes. 5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does the man plan to check in? A. On August 3. B. On August 4. C. On August 7. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Good morning. Room Reservations. May I help you? M: I would like to reserve a room. I will arrive on August 3 and leave on August 7. W: OK. The reservation will be kept for 24 hours after August 3. Now I’ll need your credit card information to reserve the room for you. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the probable season now? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Preparing dinner. B. Losing weight. C. Adjusting the schedule. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: I put on some weight over the winter. M: Let me guess, now you want to lose weight before summer? W: Yep, what should I do? M: Well, first, you need to stop eating fast food and try to eat more vegetables. W: But I can’t stop eating fast food because I always have a full schedule. M: Okay, but cut out the candy at least. W: I also heard that sleeping early can help. M: That’s right. It helps keep you healthy as well. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. At what age did the cat come to the woman’s house? A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. 9. What does the man think of his dog? A. It is cute. B. It is independent. C. It is energetic. 10. What animal do the woman’s kids want to get? A. A rabbit. B. Fish. C. Another cat. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Your dog is so cute. I hope my cat likes people as much as your dog does. M: Cats are more independent than dogs. How old is your cat? W: It’s five years old. It came to our house when it was two years old. Your dog is three, isn’t it? M: Yes, it is so energetic. We take it out every morning and evening. I think it would be happy to stay outside all day long. W: I’m sure it would. M: Have you ever thought of getting another pet? W: The kids want the fish. I don’t think fish would be a good idea. That might be too attractive for our cat. A rabbit may be a better choice. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. How would the man go to work if he took the apartment? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car. 12. What is in the apartment? A. A washer. B. A microwave. C. A refrigerator. 13. How does the man feel about the apartment? A. It’s small. B. It’s quiet. C. It’s well equipped. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Adam, what do you think about the apartment you looked at this morning? M: Well, there is not even a subway near the place. W: Couldn’t you take the bus? M: It isn’t on the bus route that goes to my office. It would take 2 hours to get to work by car. And besides, there aren’t any appliances except for a refrigerator. The building has a laundry room on the first floor, but I really want one in the apartment. And I can’t believe it doesn’t have a microwave! W: You could rent appliances or even buy some secondhand. M: I guess so. But anyway, it has only one bedroom. We have three kids, so that’s just not enough space. W: Well, keep trying. I am sure you’ll find your dream apartment soon. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is Big Bear? A. A ski field. B. A company. C. A club. 15. Why is the man staying in the cabin? A. It is cheap. B. It is interesting. C. It is convenient. 16. What is the woman worried about if she can go? A. Her new job. B. The living conditions. C. The limit on the number of people. 17. What will the woman do next? A. Pack her bag. B. Check her schedule. C. Ask for leave from work. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. C 17. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you have any plans for a break? M: I am planning a snowboarding trip. You should come if you are not too busy working at your new job. W: That sounds fun! Where are you going? M: We are planning to go to Big Bear. I hear there are pretty good conditions for skiing. W: Yes, that is what I heard as well. Where are you staying? Did you rent a cabin? M: No, we did not. My cousin owns a cabin there, and he said it is okay for us to stay at his place. The cabin is not far away from the ski field, so it should be convenient. W: Would it be okay with your cousin if I come along as well? I am not sure whether I can go. However, I might as well ask now just in case my schedule permits. M: I am sure that it will be fine He did not tell me there was a limit on the number of people I could bring. W: Awesome! I will check my schedule, and I will give you an update tomorrow. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What kind of seagulls will steal food? A. Hungry ones. B. Strong ones. C. Brave ones. 19. How long would the seagulls wait on average when they were stared at? A. 7 seconds. B. 21 seconds. C. 63 seconds. 20. What are the scientists trying to tell people? A. To learn to live with seagulls. B. To help seagulls behave better. C. To give more attention to seagulls. 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】No trip to the beach would be complete without a group of hungry seagulls. But don’t get distracted. Because some of those seagulls may soon steal your food. However, scientists have found that only the bravest seagulls will take your food. And another interesting experiment about these brave seagulls went like this: A researcher sat near a seagull, then set out a bag of cookies. Some brave seagulls started to approach. The researcher either stared straight at the seagulls or simply looked away. And it turned out, staring at the seagulls made them hesitate 21 seconds on average before approaching the cookies. Seagulls aren’t the only ones that behave better when being watched. A research was done 2 years ago. An image of watching eyes was put at an unattended honor-system coffee bar. And people paid three times as much for their drinks as before. As for the seagulls, scientists point out that we need to learn to live with them. Because they are the only wildlife species in these coastal areas. So don’t turn your back on seagulls. Protect both them and your food. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A These four people from around the world prove that ordinary people can have a remarkable impact on the planet. Alessandra Korap Munduruku Alessandra Korap Munduruku organized community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American, which formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories. The decision protected a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation. Tero Mustonen Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining throughout Finland and transformed them into productive, biodiverse (生物多样的) wetlands and habitats. Rich in organic matter, peatlands are effective carbon sinks. According to the IUCN, peatlands are the largest - natural Carbon stores on Earth. Diane Wilson In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest chemical companies, for the illegal dumping of plastic waste on Texas’ Gulf Coast. As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to reach “zero-discharge” of plastic waste from its Point Comfort factory, pay fines until discharges stop, and fund repair of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways. Delima Silalahi Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17,824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Her community’s activists required a paper company to return this territory, which had been partially converted into a monoculture, non-native, industrial place. 21. What was Tero Mustonen devoted to doing? A. Repairing the damage done to peatlands. B. Promoting the industrial peat mining. C. Controlling the development/ of carbon stores. D. Creating valuable carbon sinks. 22. Who was involved in a law suit? A. Alessandra Korap Munduruku. B. Tero Mustonen. C. Diane Wilson. D. Delima Silalahi. 23. What can we infer about the four people? A. They are environmental defenders. B. They are zero-discharge supporters. C. They are industrial mining sponsors. D. They are deforestation opponents. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍来自世界各地的四位人物以及他们各自在环保和社区保护方面所做出的杰出贡献，展示了普通人也能对地球产生显著影响。文章详细描述了他们各自的事迹和成就，强调了他们在保护自然环境、恢复生态系统、打击非法排污和争取土地权益等方面所做出的努力。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Tero Mustonen部分中的“Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining throughout Finland and transformed them into productive, biodiverse (生物多样的) wetlands and habitats. (自2018年4月以来，Tero Mustonen领导了芬兰各地62个严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿的恢复，并将其转变为生产性、生物多样性的湿地和栖息地)”可知，自2018年4月以来，Tero Mustonen一直致力于恢复芬兰境内62个严重受损的前工业泥炭矿，并将它们转变为生产力高、生物多样性丰富的湿地和栖息地，这表明他致力于修复受损的泥炭地。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Diane Wilson部分中的“In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest chemical companies, for the illegal dumping of plastic waste on Texas’ Gulf Coast.(2019年12月，Diane Wilson赢得了对台湾塑胶公司的一项具有里程碑意义的诉讼，该公司是世界上最大的化学公司之一，因在德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸非法倾倒塑料垃圾而被起诉)”可知，参与诉讼的是Diane Wilson。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Alessandra Korap Munduruku部分中的“The decision protected a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation.(这一决定保护了亚马逊地区受到严重威胁的地区，使其免受进一步的采矿和森林砍伐)”、Tero Mustonen部分中的“Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat (泥炭) mining throughout Finland and transformed them into productive, biodiverse (生物多样的) wetlands and habitats.(自2018年4月以来，Tero Mustonen领导了芬兰各地62个严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿的恢复，并将其转变为生产性、生物多样性的湿地和栖息地)”、Diane Wilson部分中的“In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest chemical companies, for the illegal dumping of plastic waste on Texas’ Gulf Coast.(2019年12月，Diane Wilson赢得了对台湾塑胶公司的一项具有里程碑意义的诉讼，该公司是世界上最大的化学公司之一，因在德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸非法倾倒塑料垃圾而被起诉)”以及Delima Silalahi部分中的“Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17,824 acres of tropical (热带的) forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia.(Delima Silalahi领导了一项运动，为印度尼西亚北苏门答腊岛的六个土著社区确保对17,824英亩热带林地的合法控制)”可知，这四个人都在不同领域为环境保护做出了贡献，Alessandra Korap Munduruku 阻止了英国矿业公司在亚马逊雨林内的采矿活动，保护了这片濒危区域；Tero Mustonen 致力于恢复受损的泥炭地，将其转变为生物多样的湿地；Diane Wilson 赢得了对非法倾倒塑料垃圾公司的诉讼，推动了环保；Delima Silalahi 领导了一场运动，为印尼北苏门答腊的六个土著社区争取到了对热带森林土地的法律控制权，这些事迹都表明他们是环保的捍卫者。故选A。 B Housed at the Good Hope Gardens Nursery in Cape Point — which focuses on nursing and protecting plants, flowers and trees indigenous to the Cape Floral Kingdom-Veld & Sea is run by Roushanna Gray, a food artist and forager (觅食者), who says it is her own curiosity about the eatable land that fuels her to start these experiences. “My inspiration spring s from a desire to share the rich biodiversity of eatable plants of South Africa and arouse awareness about sustainable living,” she explains, “Our experiences employ a hands-on approach. I believe that direct engagement with nature during the workshops has a deeper understanding of the relationships within these ecosystems, encouraging participants to develop a sense of responsibility and joy for nature.” A typical workshop sees guests arrive on nearby Scarborough Beach, where the morning is spent foraging for eatable plants. In keeping with the sustainable undercurrent, certain specific plants are picked to keep the ecosystem’s balance. After that, the group return to the Veld & Sea classroom to cook and sit down to a three-course lunch, made entirely of foraged produce. Through her workshops, Gray conveys a sense of responsibility and respect for the rich biodiversity of the coastal and eatable landscapes. “It’s the transformative power of hands-on learning in nature. It’s not just about foraging, but also about learning these wildly delicious ingredients, understanding their ecological roles, and appreciating the delicate balance they contribute to these ecosystems,” she adds, “In some ways, it’s more than just a workshop or a meal.” 24. What drove Gray to found Veld & Sea? A. The thirst for running business. B. The eagerness to fuel her experiences. C. The desire to engage with nature. D. The passion for raising sustainable awareness. 25. What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The advantages of foraging. B. The process of foraging. C. The cautions of foraging. D. The result of foraging. 26. Which of the following can best describe Gray? A. Warm-hearted and learned. B. Determined and cautious. C. Responsible and ecological. D. Considerate and reliable. 27. What’s the role of the workshops according to Gray? A. Enhancing processed food research. B. Promoting tourism in Cape Point. C. Increasing the population of eatable plants. D. Creating connections and respects for nature. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了位于开普敦的Good Hope Gardens Nursery中的Veld & Sea项目，该项目由一位食物艺术家和觅食者Roushanna Gray运营，旨在通过实地体验和烹饪工作坊来分享南非可食用植物的丰富生物多样性，并唤起人们对可持续生活的意识。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““My inspiration spring s from a desire to share the rich biodiversity of eatable plants of South Africa and arouse awareness about sustainable living,” she explains, “Our experiences employ a hands-on approach. I believe that direct engagement with nature during the workshops has a deeper understanding of the relationships within these ecosystems, encouraging participants to develop a sense of responsibility and joy for nature.”(‘我的灵感来自于分享南非丰富的可食用植物生物多样性的愿望，并唤起人们对可持续生活的认识，’她解释说，‘我们的经验采用了亲身实践的方法。我相信，在研讨会期间与自然的直接接触可以加深对这些生态系统内部关系的理解，鼓励参与者培养对自然的责任感和喜悦感。’)”可知，文章中提到Roushanna Gray说，是她自己对可食用土地的好奇心驱使她开始了这些体验，她的灵感来源于分享南非可食用植物的丰富生物多样性和唤起人们对可持续生活的意识。因此，她创办Veld & Sea的驱动力是对提高可持续意识的热情。故选D。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“A typical workshop sees guests arrive on nearby Scarborough Beach, where the morning is spent foraging for eatable plants. In keeping with the sustainable undercurrent, certain specific plants are picked to keep the ecosystem’s balance. After that, the group return to the Veld & Sea classroom to cook and sit down to a three - course lunch, made entirely of foraged produce.(在一个典型的工作坊里，客人们会来到附近的Scarborough Beach，上午在那里寻找可食用的植物。为了与可持续的暗流保持一致，某些特定的植物被采摘来保持生态系统的平衡。之后，这群人回到Veld & Sea的教室做饭，坐下来吃一顿三道菜的午餐，全部由采摘的农产品制成。)”可知，第三段主要描述了典型的工作坊过程，包括客人在Scarborough Beach附近到达后，早晨会进行觅食活动，之后回到Veld & Sea教室烹饪并享用三道菜的午餐，这些午餐完全由觅食得来的食材制作。因此，该段主要讲述的是觅食的过程。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through her workshops, Gray conveys a sense of responsibility and respect for the rich biodiversity of the coastal and eatable landscapes. “It’s the transformative power of hands-on learning in nature. It’s not just about foraging, but also about learning these wildly delicious ingredients, understanding their ecological roles, and appreciating the delicate balance they contribute to these ecosystems,” she adds, “In some ways, it’s more than just a workshop or a meal.”(通过她的工作室，Gray传达了一种责任感和对沿海和可食用景观丰富的生物多样性的尊重。“这是实践学习的变革力量。这不仅仅是为了觅食，也是为了了解这些非常美味的食材，了解它们的生态作用，并欣赏它们为这些生态系统做出的微妙平衡，”她补充说，“在某种程度上，这不仅仅是一个研讨会或一顿饭。”)”可知，Gray通过她的工作坊传达了对沿海和可食用景观丰富生物多样性的责任感和尊重，并强调了直接与自然接触在培养对这些生态系统内部关系的深入理解方面的作用，这鼓励参与者培养对自然的责任感和喜悦感。因此，Gray可以被描述为负责任和生态友好的人。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““My inspiration spring s from a desire to share the rich biodiversity of eatable plants of South Africa and arouse awareness about sustainable living,” she explains, “Our experiences employ a hands-on approach. I believe that direct engagement with nature during the workshops has a deeper understanding of the relationships within these ecosystems, encouraging participants to develop a sense of responsibility and joy for nature.”(‘我的灵感来自于分享南非丰富的可食用植物生物多样性的愿望，并唤起人们对可持续生活的认识，’她解释说，‘我们的经验采用了亲身实践的方法。我相信，在研讨会期间与自然的直接接触可以加深对这些生态系统内部关系的理解，鼓励参与者培养对自然的责任感和喜悦感。’)”可知，Gray认为工作坊的作用是让参与者更加了解自然，建立与自然的联系，并培养对自然的尊重。故选D。 C Have you ever found yourself transported back to a particular moment or place just by hearing a song? It’s not magic — it’s science. To know more about this, researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) conducted a study. What they discovered was that music is not just a series of notes on a page but a storyline that our brains create in our minds while listening. Participants from the study volunteered to have their brains scanned while listening to music. They had epilepsy (癫痫) and were already undergoing brain monitoring as part of their treatment. The researchers played them short musical snippets (片段) called “phases” with different note patterns. Some phrases were predictable, repeating familiar patterns, while others surprised them with unexpected notes. To track their brain activity, the researchers used a special technique called “high-density electrocorticography” (ECoG). This involves placing many tiny electrodes (电极) directly on the head, allowing for precise measurements of electrical activity in different areas. It’s like having many tiny microphones listening to different parts of your brain. By comparing the brain activity with the predictable and unpredictable phrases, the researchers could see which brain regions were more active when people anticipated the next note. The researchers found that while our brains use similar areas to understand both music and speech, there’s a key difference. Music triggers unique “prediction zones” that speech does not. This means our brains are wired to expect what’s coming next in a song, much more so than in a conversation. “It’s obvious that exposure to music enriches our social and emotional lives and has potential to treat a broad range of physical problems, such as sleep disorders. To understand why music is able to have all these benefits, we need to answer some fundamental questions about how music works in the brain,”said study lead author Dr. Narayan Sankaran. Long-term studies following individuals over time could provide valuable data on how the brain handles musical expectations and how the processing of musical expectations might change with aging, experience, or cognitive decline. 28. Why was the study conducted at UCSF? A. To find a cure for epilepsy using music therapy. B. To understand how epilepsy affects brain activity C. To explore how the brain understands and predicts music flow. D. To compare brain activities between patients with epilepsy and healthy people. 29. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By putting electrodes in the head. B. By tracking brain activity using ECoG. C. By recognizing different brain regions. D. By comparing predictable and unpredictable phrases. 30. What does the author assume for future research? A. Examining how the brain processes expectations. B. Investigating the impact of music on physical health. C. Analyzing the role of music in social bonding. D. Studying the effects of music on sleep disorders. 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Music engages key areas for emotional impact. B. Music can stimulate predication areas in the brain. C. Music is beneficial to physical and mental health. D. Music has more predictable patterns than speech. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了UCSF的研究人员通过脑电图记录人们在听音乐时的脑电活动，研究结果表明，音乐可以刺激大脑中的预测区域。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“What they discovered was that music is not just a series of notes on a page but a storyline that our brains create in our minds while listening. (他们发现，音乐不仅仅是一页纸上的一系列音符，而是我们的大脑在听音乐时在脑海中创造的一个故事情节。)”可知，这项研究是为了了解大脑如何理解和预测音乐旋律的变化。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To track their brain activity, the researchers used a special technique called ‘high-density electrocorticography’(ECoG). (为了追踪他们的大脑活动，研究人员使用了一种叫做“高密度皮质电图”(ECoG)的特殊技术。)”可知，研究人员通过高密度皮质电图(ECoG)记录大脑活动进行这项研究。故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Long-term studies following individuals over time could provide valuable data on how the brain handles musical expectations and how the processing of musical expectations might change with aging, experience, or cognitive decline (长期跟踪个人的研究可以提供有价值的数据，说明大脑如何处理音乐期望，以及音乐期望的处理如何随着年龄、经验或认知能力的下降而改变)”可知，作者对未来研究的设想是检查大脑如何处理期望的。故选A。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“To know more about this. researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) conducted a study. What they discovered was that music is not just a series of notes on a page but a storyline that our brains create in our minds while listening. (了解更多这方面的知识。加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员进行了一项研究。他们发现，音乐不仅仅是一页纸上的一系列音符，而是我们的大脑在听音乐时在脑海中创造的一个故事情节。)”和第三段中“To track their brain activity, the researchers used a special technique called “high-density electrocorticography” (ECoG). (为了追踪他们的大脑活动，研究人员使用了一种名为“高密度皮层脑电图”（ECoG）的特殊技术)”以及第四段中“The researchers found that while our brains use similar areas to understand both music and speech, there’s a key difference. Music triggers unique “prediction zones” that speech does not. (研究人员发现，虽然我们的大脑使用相似的区域来理解音乐和语音，但还是存在一个关键的区别。音乐可以触发独特的“预测区域”，而语音则不会。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍的是UCSF的研究人员通过脑电图记录人们在听音乐时的脑电活动，研究结果表明，音乐可以刺激大脑中的预测区域。故选B。 D Researchers at the University of Washington are studying a concept called “marine cloud brightening,” which aims to slow climate change by spraying clouds with sea salt. Salt particles (颗粒) help clouds form tiny, shiny water droplets, which reflect sunlight away from the earth before it can heat the planet. The white tops of certain clouds act like a natural sunscreen for the planet; the water droplets and ice crystals within reflect 30 to 60 percent of sunlight that hits them, according to NASA. Geoengineering researchers believe they can make clouds brighter and increase their cooling effect by increasing the number of droplets they contain. Some scientists hope it could buy humanity more time to cut carbon emissions. In April, University of Washington scientists started testing a saltwater spraying machine on the deck of the USS Hornet, a retired aircraft carrier in Alameda. The city paused the experiment in May, citing health and environmental concerns, but outside consultants hired by the city later concluded the test doesn’t pose “a measurable health risk to the surrounding community”. The Alameda experiment isn’t meant to “alter clouds or any aspect of the local weather or climate,” according to Sarah Doherty, an atmospheric scientist who runs the university’s marine cloud brightening program. The scientists are only testing whether their salt spray machine works and studying how salt particles move through the air. This highlights the strong opposition scientists face when they research anything related to geoengineering, a broad category of techniques that aim to manipulate (操纵) the climate. Some environmentalists argue that these ideas could have dangerous, unpredictable side effects and are a distraction from cutting carbon emissions, the most surefire way to avoid climate change. It may give polluters an excuse to keep pumping carbon into the atmosphere. “Geoengineering experiments, like the Marine Cloud Brightening project in the Bay Area, risk legitimizing (合法化) a harmful technology,” wrote Mary Church, who works for an American and Swiss environmental nonprofit. 32. How does “marine cloud brightening” slow climate change? A. By injecting clouds with sea salt to decrease sunlight reflection. B. By spraying clouds with sea salt to prevent the formation of water droplets. C. By increasing the number of shiny water droplets in clouds to reflect sunlight. D. By reducing the number of droplets in clouds to increase sunlight absorption. 33. Why was the experiment put on hold in May? A. Environmental reasons. B. Insufficiency of funds. C. Poor project assessment. D. Lack of community support. 34. What is “geoengineering” according to the text? A. Study of the side ettects of climate change. B. A distraction from cutting carbon emissions. C. Methods of controlling the climate to cope with global warming. D. Technologies and their potential applications for people’s health. 35. What is a major concern about “marine cloud brightening”? A. It is too costly to be widely applied. B. It keeps pumping carbon into the atmosphere. C. It could result in over-dependence on harmful technologies. D. It may lead to unintended environmental consequences. 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是华盛顿大学的研究人员正在研究一种名为“海洋云增亮”的概念，旨在通过向云层喷洒海盐来减缓气候变化。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Salt particles (颗粒) help clouds form tiny, shiny water droplets, which reflect sunlight away from the earth before it can heat the planet. (盐颗粒有助于云形成微小的、有光泽的水滴，这些水滴会在阳光加热地球之前将其反射出去。)”可知，云形成的水滴会在阳光加热地球之前将其反射出去，结合第二段中的“Geoengineering researchers believe they can make clouds brighter and increase their cooling effect by increasing the number of droplets they contain.(地球工程研究人员认为，他们可以通过增加云中水滴的数量，使云变得更亮，并提高其冷却效果。)”可知，可以通过增加云中水滴的数量，使云变得更亮，并提高其冷却效果，由此可知，“海洋云增亮”是通过增加云层中有光泽的水滴的数量来反射阳光减缓气候变化。故选C项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The city paused the experiment in May, citing health and environmental concerns, but outside consultants hired by the city later concluded the test doesn’t pose “a measurable health risk to the surrounding community”.(今年5月，该市以健康和环境问题为由暂停了这项实验，但该市聘请的外部顾问后来得出结论，该测试不会“对周围社区构成可衡量的健康风险”。)”可知，在五月份，该市以健康和环境问题为由暂停了这项实验，由此可知，实验在5月份被搁置的原因是健康和环境问题。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“This highlights the strong opposition scientists face when they research anything related to geoengineering, a broad category of techniques that aim to manipulate (操纵) the climate.(这凸显了科学家在研究任何与地球工程相关的东西时所面临的强烈反对，地球工程是一大类旨在操纵气候的技术。)”可知，地球工程是一大类旨在操纵气候的技术，由此可知，地球工程指的是控制气候以应对全球变暖的方法。故选C项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Some environmentalists argue that these ideas could have dangerous, unpredictable side effects and are a distraction from cutting carbon emissions, the most surefire way to avoid climate change. It may give polluters an excuse to keep pumping carbon into the atmosphere. “Geoengineering experiments, like the Marine Cloud Brightening project in the Bay Area, risk legitimizing (合法化) a harmful technology,” wrote Mary Church, who works for an American and Swiss environmental nonprofit.(一些环保人士认为，这些想法可能会产生危险的、不可预测的副作用，而且会分散人们对减少碳排放的注意力，而减少碳排放是避免气候变化最可靠的方法。这可能会给污染者一个继续向大气中排放碳的借口。“地球工程实验，比如海湾地区的海洋云增亮项目，有可能使一项有害技术合法化，”为美国和瑞士一家环保非营利组织工作的玛丽·丘奇写道。)”可知，一些环保人士认为这些想法会产生危险的、不可预测的副作用，给污染者一个继续向大气中排放碳的借口，甚至有可能使得一项有害技术合法化，综合以上信息可知，“海洋云增亮”项目可能导致意想不到的环境后果。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stop Trying to Keep Up With the Joneses It is so easy to get caught up in,a never-ending circle of comparing yourself to others and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “____36____” To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. ____37____ Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I amp not as successful, capable and attractive as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” ____38____ We often tell ourselves we are acceptable only if we meet certain standards, and we evaluate how we measure up by looking at others. The tendency is to conclude that we are not measuring up, particularly if we have a low sense of self-worth. ____39____ We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?” The fear of rejection creates uneasiness and anxiety. Comparison could be deceptive. ____40____ This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable and exhausting and stop playing. A. This blocks self-acceptance. B. Comparison is the thief of joy. C. Values are a solution to comparison. D. This can solidify your sense of self-acceptance. E. Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. F. It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. G. And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. 【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了与人比较的弊端，呼吁人们停止这种行为。 【36题详解】 根据上文“You may have heard the expression (你可能听过这样一句话)”以及下文“To me, this rings true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time.(对我来说，这句话非常贴切，因为我发现很难在比较自己和他人的时候同时感到快乐)”可知，此处应填入一句与比较和快乐相关的表达，B选项“Comparison is the thief of joy. (比较是快乐的小偷)”符合语境，故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“Typically, comparison leads to regarding others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. (通常，比较会导致你在某种程度上认为他人比你优越，从而感到自己不够好或低人一等)”可知，此段在阐述比较会带来的负面情绪，E选项“Comparison robs us of joy and fuels self-criticism. (比较剥夺了我们的快乐，助长了自我批评)”能够很好地概括该段内容，符合语境。故选E项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.”(我们用比较作为自我批评的途径，“我有什么问题？我一定是个不够格的失败者。”)”可知，这种自我批判阻碍了自我接受，A 选项“This blocks self-acceptance. (这阻碍了自我接受)”承接上文，符合逻辑，故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“We don’t just ask ourselves, “What’s wrong with me?” We worry what others will think: “What’s wrong with them?”(我们不仅仅问自己：“我有什么问题？”我们还担心他人的看法：“他们有什么问题？”)”可知，此处强调我们除了担心自己，还担心他人对我们假定的失败的看法，G选项“And we worry others will judge our assumed failures. (我们还担心他人会评判我们假设的失败)”引出下文内容，衔接恰当，故选G项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Comparison could be deceptive. (比较可能会产生误导)”以及下文“This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. (这可能暂时是真的，然而，比较是一种基于我们的思维和自我意识的内在过程，而不是外在环境)”可知，此处应说明比较具有欺骗性的原因，F选项“It tells us meeting expectations will make us happier. (这告诉我们满足期望会让我们更快乐)”符合上下文语境，故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On June 16, Hislop, 105, walked the stage at Stanford University. She ____41____ to finish what she started and receive her master’s ____42____, 83 years after leaving the campus. When she rose from her seat, ____43____ in cap and gown (长袍), everyone on the ____44____ shouted and jumped for joy. She greeted the president on the stage and was handed her diploma. She smiled for the cameras. Her grandkids and great - grandkids waved and ____45____. Hislop won her bachelor’s in education in 1940 from Stanford with the plan of ____46____ a master’s degree so she could begin teaching. ____47____, due to World War II, she left Stanford after completing her coursework but before ____48____ her graduation paper. This did not pause her ____49____ to education. She has served for 30 years in many schools and universities. She has ____50____ a lot to the local school system and helped broaden it out. Theretore, she was ____51____ as “a fierce advocate for justice and the opportunity to learn.” “I felt that all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their ____52____ as best they could, and that everybody should have a ____53____ at higher education if they wanted,” Hislop said. Nowadays, Hislop is still a ____54____ reader. She spends most of her time doing community work, reading, socializing and working in her garden — a ____55____ she says has kept her sharp. Just as a saying says, no moss grows under her feet. 41. A. promised B. returned C. tried D. approached 42. A. scholarship B. prize C. degree D. course 43. A. mixed up B. covered up C. folded up D. dressed up 44 A. scene B. place C. scenery D. sight 45. A. cheered B. watched C. gestured D. laughed 46. A. reaching B. holding C. accepting D. earning 47. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore 48. A. handing out B. handing in C. giving away D. giving up 49. A. assessment B. commitment C. encouragement D. adjustment 50. A. contributed B. expressed C. introduced D. donated 51. A. discovered B. analyzed C. described D. created 52 A. patience B. practice C. presence D. potential 53. A. picture B. chance C. sense D. message 54. A. doubtful B. lonely C. worried D. hungry 55. A. routine B. lesson C. process D. project 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了105岁老人Hislop重返斯坦福大学，完成83年前未竟学业，获得硕士学位的故事，彰显了终身学习的精神。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她返回来完成她开始的事情，并在离开校园83年后获得硕士学位。A. promised承诺；B. returned返回；C. tried尝试；D. approached接近。根据后文“83 years after leaving the campus”可知，空处指Hislop重返校园。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她返回来完成她开始的事情，并在离开校园83年后获得硕士学位。A. scholarship奖学金；B. prize奖品；C. degree学位；D. course课程。根据前文“receive her master’s”可知，她回来是为了获得硕士学位。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她从座位上站起来，穿着毕业帽和长袍时，现场的每个人都欢呼雀跃。A. mixed up混淆；B. covered up掩盖；C. folded up折叠；D. dressed up打扮，穿上盛装。根据后文“in cap and gown”可知，空处指她穿上毕业服装。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她从座位上站起来，穿着毕业帽和长袍时，现场的每个人都欢呼雀跃。A. scene场景，现场；B. place地点；C. scenery风景；D. sight视野。根据前文“When she rose from her seat”及后文“shouted and jumped for joy”可知，空处指的是毕业典礼的现场。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的孙子和曾孙们挥手欢呼。A. cheered欢呼；B. watched观看；C. gestured做手势；D. laughed笑。根据前文“shouted and jumped for joy”及“Her grandkids and great - grandkids waved”可知，家人也为她的成就感到高兴并欢呼。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1940年，Hislop在斯坦福大学获得教育学士学位，计划继续攻读硕士学位，以便开始教书。A. reaching到达；B. holding持有；C. accepting接受；D. earning获得。根据后文“a master’s degree so she could begin teaching”可知，空处指计划进一步获得硕士学位。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于二战，她在完成课程但未提交毕业论文之前离开了斯坦福。A. Besides此外；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据后文“due to World War II, she left Stanford after completing her coursework but”可知，空处表转折，但因战争原因未能完成论文提交。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，由于二战，她在完成课程但未提交毕业论文之前离开了斯坦福。A. handing out分发；B. handing in提交；C. giving away赠送；D. giving up放弃。根据后文“her graduation paper”可知，空处指提交毕业论文。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并没有中断她对教育的承诺。A. assessment评估；B. commitment承诺，奉献；C. encouragement鼓励；D. adjustment调整。根据后文“She has served for 30 years in many schools and universities.”可知，Hislop对教育的长期贡献显示了她对教育的承诺。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为当地教育体系做出了很多贡献，并帮助其发展壮大。A. contributed贡献；B. expressed表达；C. introduced介绍；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“helped broaden it out”可知，空处指她对教育体系做出了显著的贡献。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她被描述为“正义和学习机会的强烈倡导者”。A. discovered发现；B. analyzed分析；C. described描述；D. created创造。根据后文“as “a fierce advocate for justice and the opportunity to learn.””可知，空处指别人对她的评价或描述。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hislop说：“我认为所有孩子都应该有机会尽可能地发挥他们的潜力，如果他们愿意，每个人都应该有机会接受高等教育。”A. patience耐心；B. practice实践；C. presence存在；D. potential潜力。根据前文“all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their”可知，空处指孩子们应有发挥潜力的机会。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hislop说：“我认为所有孩子都应该有机会尽可能地发挥他们的潜力，如果他们愿意，每个人都应该有机会接受高等教育。”A. picture图片；B. chance机会；C. sense感觉；D. message信息。根据后文“at higher education”可知，空处指接受高等教育的机会。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，Hislop仍是一个求知若渴的读者。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. lonely孤独的；C. worried担忧的；D. hungry渴望的。根据后文“She spends most of her time doing community work, reading”可知，空处形容她对阅读的热爱，像饿了一样渴望知识，a hungry reader指一个渴望知识、积极学习的读者。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她大部分时间都在做社区工作、阅读、社交和打理花园——她认为这样的日常生活让她保持敏锐。A. routine常规，日常；B. lesson教训；C. process过程；D. project项目。根据前文“She spends most of her time doing community work, reading, socializing and working in her garden”可知，空处指她日常生活的常规。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese fan dance is a beautiful component of China’s rich history. Rooted in ancient tradition, it is more than just a dance — it is ____56____ unique form of storytelling that combines art, music, and movement. ____57____ (traditional), the fan dance was performed to show elegance, often associated with the qualities that ____58____ (consider) to be typical of women. The fans are not merely props (支撑物), but extensions of the dancers’ bodies, ____59____ (use) to emphasize their movements and expressions. The fluttering (飘动) fans create a fantastic visual sight, symbolizing beauty, delicacy, ____60____ strength. In the modem context, the fan dance is no longer limited ____61____ traditional music and costumes, but has absorbed ____62____(element) of contemporary dance and fashion. This fusion (融合) of old and new has given the fan dance a fresh appeal, making it more ____63____ (access) to younger generations. Moreover, the fan dance is not just a performance, but also a form of exercise. It involves a series of coordinated movements that require balance, ____64____ (flexible), and rhythm, making it a fun and engaging way to keep fit. Undeniably, the Chinese fan dance is a representative of China’s cultural adaptability and certainly it has stood the test of time, continually reinventing itself while _____65_____ (stay) true to its roots, 【答案】56. a 57. Traditionally 58. are considered 59. used 60. and 61. to 62. elements 63. accessible 64. flexibility 65. staying 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国扇子舞的历史、传统意义、现代演变以及其在现代社会中的多功能性，展示了扇子舞的独特魅力和文化价值。 【56题详解】 考查冠词。句意：根植于古代传统，它不仅仅是一种舞蹈，更是一种将艺术、音乐和动作相结合的独特讲故事形式。此处指“一种形式”，form为可数名词，表泛指，空处为不定冠词，空后单词 uniqu起始音为辅音音素，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【57题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，扇子舞表演展现优雅，经常与被认为是女性特有的品质联系在一起。空处为副词形式，担当本句的状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Traditionally。 【58题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：传统上，扇子舞表演展现优雅，经常与被认为是女性特有的品质联系在一起。这里为定语从句的谓语动词，根据“often”可知，从句时态为一般现在时；关系代词that作主语，和动词consider之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，that指代先行词qualities，为复数，故填are considered。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：扇子不仅仅是道具，而是舞者身体的延伸，用于强调他们的动作和表情。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“the fans”和动词“use”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填used。 【60题详解】 考查连词。句意：飘动的扇子创造了一个奇妙的视觉景象，象征着美丽、精致和力量。“beauty, delicacy”和空后“strength”并列作symbolizing宾语，填并列连词and。故填and。 【61题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在现代背景下，扇子舞不再局限于传统音乐和服饰，而是吸收了现代舞蹈和时尚的元素。固定短语：be limited to，意为“局限在……”，符合句意。故填to。 【62题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：在现代背景下，扇子舞不再局限于传统音乐和服饰，而是吸收了现代舞蹈和时尚的元素。根据句意以及空后的“of contemporary dance and fashion”可知，空处为名词的复数形式，作absorbed宾语。故填elements。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种新旧融合赋予了扇子舞新的魅力，使其更容易被年轻一代接受。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语形式。故填accessible。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意：它涉及一系列协调的动作，需要平衡、灵活性和节奏感，是一种有趣且引人入胜的健身方式。空处与balance，rhythm并列作require宾语，空处为名词形式flexibility，为不可数名词。故填flexibility。 【65题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：不可否认，中国扇子舞是中国文化适应性的代表，它经受住了时间的考验，在保持根源的同时不断自我创新。这里为状语从句的省略，完整形式为“while it stays true to its roots”，主从句主语一致，动词“stay”和主语it之间为主动关系，可将主语it省略，动词用现在分词形式。故填staying。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，你把交换生Jerry的书弄丢了，请你给他写一封电子邮件表示歉意，内容包括： 1.说明具体情况； 2.提出解决方案。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Jerry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jerry, How are you going? I am writing to apologize for losing the book I borrowed from you. I understand what this book means to you, and I feel extremely terrible for losing it. To make up for my mistake, I would like to offer to buy you a new copy. If you could let me know where I can purchase it or if you have a preferred edition, I will make sure to get it for you as soon as possible. I am truly sorry for the inconvenience this has caused you. I hope that we can find a solution that works for both of us. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，就你把交换生Jerry的书弄丢了一事，给他写一封电子邮件表示歉意。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表示歉意：apologize → make an apology 理解：understand → be aware of 弥补：make up for → compensate for 不方便：inconvenience → unpleasantness 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To make up for my mistake, I would like to offer to buy you a new copy. 拓展句：In order that I can make up for my mistake, I would like to offer to buy you a new copy. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I understand what this book means to you, and I feel extremely terrible for losing it.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I hope that we can find a solution that works for both of us.（运用了第一个that引导的宾语从句，第二个that引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a freezing November night, perfect for high school football. The harvest moon shone bright, illuminating the stadium as our team prepared for the semifinal round of the Championship Our goal was to reach the State Championship game in December. As the team captain, I felt the weight of the game on my shoulders. Playing in the championship game was something my dad did as a senior in high school. Hoping to make it happen was a far dream of mine. I wanted to do something my dad had done, but better. The game was fiercely contested, with both teams leaving their all on the field! Our team took an early lead, but the opponents quickly countered. In a desperate attempt at a two-point conversion with three seconds left, we failed and the final score stood at 19-16. The sound of the whistle echoing through the stadium L we realized our dream of reaching the finals was over. I had my chance and blew it. I completely messed it up I knew where my parents sat and hid my face from their seats. I couldn’t bear the disappointment in the eyes of the crowd. I couldn’t bear the thought of what my dad was thinking. I felt numb, mentally and physically exhaused. I didn’t want to speak to anyone. Wo cheerleaders, no coaches, not my teammates, and especially not my dad. I feared how the conversation would go. With my gear (比赛用具) in hand, I made my way off the field. I looked up into the stands where my parents once sat. All of the seats were empty. II guessed they had decided to leave early. Was it my failure that drove them away? I didn’t blame them; I was disappointed too. It is funny how the air can be cold, your body hot and your emotions frozen as a familiar sound falls on your ringing ears. It was a whistle (哨音). A familiar whistle. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Among thousands of cheers, I recognized that whistle. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Dad said something I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Among thousands of cheers, I recognized that whistle. It came from the sideline. There he stood in his game clothing: red hat, red shirt with my number on his left breast pocket. It was my dad’s whistle. Why did he come to the sideline? What could he say? What news couldn’t wait until I got home? Why was it so important to remind me of the disappointment I had become? Head hanging down, I walked towards him. Our eyes met, both red from heartache. I stared at him awaiting the criticism. He didn’t say, “Good game,” or “You should have done better.” No expression fell over his face. Then Dad said something I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. He extended his muscular arm, raised a thumb-up, and uttered, “I love you, son.” He loves me? Even after I messed it up? Even though the weight of the game rested on my shoulders, I missed it. He loves me? Exactly. He does! All of those negative thoughts left my head. I didn’t have a father whose love was dependent on my successes or failures. He accepted me, not just for the championship. I have a father who loves me because I am his child and he is my dad. Thank you, Dad. Thank you for showing me the perfect picture of my heavenly father’s love. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者的心理描写为线索展开，讲述了身为橄榄球对队长的作者带领球队参加冠军赛的半决赛，作者肩负着球队进入决赛和实现父亲和自己梦想的重担，比赛很激烈，但最终以16比19的比分输掉了比赛，作者感到身心俱疲，他能感受到人群中失望的目光，就在作者自己觉得失望的时候，一个熟悉的声音在耳边响起。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在成千上万的欢呼声中，我认出了那声哨声。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到是父亲出现在球场边线的场景以及作者内心的想法，尤其是作者认为父亲会说什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后爸爸说了一句我一辈子都不会忘记的话。”可知，第二段可描写父亲对作者说了什么让作者难忘，以及作者听到这句话后的感受。 2.续写线索：熟悉的哨声——父亲出现——内心活动——父亲说的话——作者感受 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①低下：hanging down/lower/drop down ②凝视：stared at/gaze at ③说：uttered/say 情绪类 ①失望：disappointment/frustration ②消极：negative thoughts /passive thoughts 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Why was it so important to remind me of the disappointment I had become?（运用了“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”的结构） [高分句型2]. Head hanging down, I walked towards him. （运用了独立主格结构） [高分句型3]. I didn’t have a father whose love was dependent on my successes or failures.（运用了whose引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$