内容正文:
Unit 1 Topic 2 Section C
课文讲解及课文句子成分分析
一 .课文及翻译 :
In 2010, the world ' s population was about 6.8 billion .
2010年,世界人口约为68亿。
More than three billion people live in Asia now . That ' s almost half of the world ' s population .
现在,亚洲有超过30亿人口,这几乎占世界人口的一半。
China has the largest population in the world ,and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China .
中国是世界上人口最多的国家,世界上大约五分之一的人口生活在中国。
Because of the large population , there is less living space for each family .
由于人口众多,每个家庭的居住空间都较少。
And it is difficult for lots of people to find jobs .
对许多人来说,找工作也很困难。
At the same time , the large population has caused many other difficulties for the whole nation .
同时,庞大的人口也给整个国家带来了许多其他困难。
For example , it is hard for China to supply energy and water to satisfy people ' s daily needs .
例如,中国很难供应能源和水来满足人们的日常需求。
Most cities are more crowded than before , and the traffic is much heavier .
大多数城市比以前更加拥挤,交通也更加繁忙。
Natural environments are becoming worse and worse .
自然环境越来越差。
The large population has been a serious problem .
人口众多已经成为一个严重的问题。
So far , our government has taken many measures to control the population .
到目前为止,我国政府已经采取了许多措施来控制人口。
One is known as the one - child policy .
其中一项被称为“独生子女政策”。
It has worked well in controlling China ' s population .
它在控制中国人口方面取得了很好的效果。
Thanks to the policy . China is developing quickly and people ' s living conditions are improving rapidly .
多亏了这项政策,中国发展迅速,人民的生活条件也在迅速改善。
However , the population problem is still serious in China . We still have a long way to go .
然而,中国的人口问题仍然很严重。我们还有很长的路要走。
二 .课文句子成分分析及知识点 :
1. In 2010, the world ' s population was about 6.8 billion.
句子成分:
主语:the world's population
谓语:was
表语:about 6.8 billion
时间状语:In 2010
知识点:
's 表示所有格,即“世界的人口”。
“be about” 表示“大约”。
“billion” 是十亿的单位。
短语及拓展:
“the population of...” 表示“……的人口”。
“approximate number” 可替换 “about” 表示“大约”。
2. More than three billion people live in Asia now.
句子成分:
主语:More than three billion people
谓语:live
状语:in Asia now
知识点:
“More than” 表示“超过”。
“now” 表示时间上的现在。
短语及拓展:
“over/exceed” 可替换 “more than” 表示“超过”。
“at present” 可替换 “now” 表示“现在”。
3. That ' s almost half of the world ' s population.
句子成分:
主语:That
谓语:is
表语:almost half of the world's population
知识点:
“That's” 是“That is”的缩写。
“almost” 表示“几乎”。
短语及拓展:
“nearly” 可替换 “almost” 表示“几乎”。
“a half of...” 表示“……的一半”。
4. China has the largest population in the world ,and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.
句子成分(分句分析):
分句1:
主语:China
谓语:has
表语:the largest population
状语:in the world
分句2:
主语:about one fifth of the people in the world
谓语:live
状语:in China
知识点:
“the largest” 表示“最大的”。
“one fifth” 表示“五分之一”。
短语及拓展:
“the biggest/greatest” 可替换 “the largest” 表示“最大的”。
“a quarter/half/three quarters” 等可表示其他分数比例。
5. Because of the large population , there is less living space for each family.
句子成分:
原因状语:Because of the large population
主句:
主语:there
谓语:is
表语:less living space
状语:for each family
知识点:
“Because of” 表示“因为”。
“there be” 结构表示“存在”。
短语及拓展:
“due to” 可替换 “Because of” 表示“由于”。
“less and less” 可表示“越来越少”。
6. And it is difficult for lots of people to find jobs.
句子成分:
形式主语:it
谓语:is
表语:difficult
真正的主语(不定式短语):for lots of people to find jobs
知识点:
“it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.” 是一种常见句型,用于表达“对某人来说做某事是……的”。
短语及拓展:
“hard/challenging” 可替换 “difficult” 表示“困难的”。
“many people” 可替换 “lots of people” 表示“许多人”。
7. At the same time , the large population has caused many other difficulties for the whole nation.
句子成分:
时间状语:At the same time
主语:the large population
谓语:has caused
宾语:many other difficulties
状语:for the whole nation
知识点:
“at the same time” 表示“同时”。
“has caused” 是现在完成时,表示“已经造成”。
短语及拓展:
“simultaneously” 可替换 “at the same time” 表示“同时”。
“various difficulties” 可替换 “many other difficulties” 表示“各种困难”。
8. For example, it is hard for China to supply energy and water to satisfy people's daily needs.
句子成分分析:
主语:It
谓语:is hard
状语:For China to supply energy and water to satisfy people's daily needs(不定式短语作状语,其中包含了三个动词短语:supply, satisfy, 和 to satisfy 的宾语)
知识点:
形式主语It
不定式短语作状语
动词短语supply sth. to sb.
satisfy sb.'s needs
短语及拓展:
satisfy one's needs:满足某人的需求
daily needs:日常需求
supply sth. to sb.:向某人提供某物
9. Most cities are more crowded than before, and the traffic is much heavier.
句子成分分析:
主句1:Most cities are more crowded than before
主语:Most cities
谓语:are
表语:more crowded
状语:than before
并列句:and the traffic is much heavier
主语:the traffic
谓语:is
表语:much heavier
知识点:
比较级结构(more crowded than, much heavier)
并列句结构(and连接两个简单句)
短语及拓展:
be crowded:拥挤
before:之前
much heavier:更重,此处指交通更繁忙
10. Natural environments are becoming worse and worse.
句子成分分析:
主语:Natural environments
谓语:are becoming
表语:worse and worse(形容词比较级连用表示逐渐变化)
知识点:
进行时态(are becoming)
形容词比较级连用(worse and worse)
短语及拓展:
natural environments:自然环境
become worse and worse:变得越来越糟
11. The large population has been a serious problem.
句子成分分析:
主语:The large population
谓语:has been
表语:a serious problem
知识点:
现在完成时(has been)
短语及拓展:
large population:大量人口
serious problem:严重问题
12. So far, our government has taken many measures to control the population.
句子成分分析:
状语:So far
主语:our government
谓语:has taken
宾语:many measures
目的状语:to control the population
知识点:
现在完成时(has taken)
不定式短语作目的状语
短语及拓展:
so far:到目前为止
take measures:采取措施
control the population:控制人口
13. One is known as the one-child policy.
句子成分分析:
主语:One
谓语:is known
表语:as the one-child policy
知识点:
被动语态(is known)
介词短语作表语
短语及拓展:
be known as:被称为
one-child policy:独生子女政策
14. It has worked well in controlling China's population.
句子成分分析:
主语:It
谓语:has worked
状语:well
介词短语:in controlling China's population
知识点:
现在完成时(has worked)
介词短语作状语
短语及拓展:
work well:工作得很好
control China's population:控制中国的人口
15. Thanks to the policy. China is developing quickly and people's living conditions are improving rapidly.
句子成分分析:
主句1:Thanks to the policy.
状语:Thanks to the policy(介词短语作状语)
并列句:China is developing quickly and people's living conditions are improving rapidly
主句2:China is developing quickly
主语:China
谓语:is developing
状语:quickly
主句3:people's living conditions are improving rapidly
主语:people's living conditions
谓语:are improving
状语:rapidly
知识点:
介词短语作状语(Thanks to)
现在进行时(is developing, are improving)
并列句结构(and连接两个简单句)
短语及拓展:
thanks to:由于,多亏
develop quickly:快速发展
improve rapidly:迅速改善
living conditions:生活条件
16. However, the population problem is still serious in China.
主语:the population problem(人口问题)
谓语:is(系动词)
表语:still serious(仍然严重)
地点状语:in China(在中国)
知识点:
population problem:人口问题,是一个常见的社会议题。
still:副词,表示“仍然”或“持续”。
serious:形容词,表示“严重的”。
in China:介词短语作地点状语,指明问题发生的地点。
17. We still have a long way to go.
主语:We(我们)
谓语:have(实义动词)
宾语:a long way(一条漫长的路)
不定式短语作定语:to go(要走的)
知识点:have a long way to go:是一个固定短语,意思是“还有很长的路要走”,用来表示还有很多工作要做或还有很多需要改进的地方。
still:同样作为副词,表示“仍然”。
短语及其拓展短语:
still serious:仍然严重 -> still important(仍然重要), still uncertain(仍然不确定)
have a long way to go:有很长的路要走 -> have a lot of work to do(有很多工作要做), have a lot to learn(有很多要学习)
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