精品解析：广东省东莞市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2023—2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量检查 高一英语 (本试卷共四大题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 听力理解(两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段对话，回答第1～2题。 1. What is the man concerned about? A. His weight. B. His schedule. C. His diet. 2. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Eat more vegetables. B. Go to a gym. C. Change his plan. 听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。 3. For how long will Bob stay in Harbin? A. Five days. B. Two weeks. C. One month. 4. What does Bob want to do first when he arrives in Harbin? A. Visit places. B. Take photos. C. Try skiing. 5. Who will travel with Bob? A. His brother. B. His friend. C. His sister. 第二节 听取信息(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段独白。请从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6～10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。 Paul Mauriat and His Music Blue Love The most 6 form is the one played by Richard Clayderman. Paul Mauriat He was born in 7 1925 in Marseille, France. He began to 8 at a young age. He started a 9 at the age of 17. His music made the stories even more 10 and emotional. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A If you are planning a trip to Beijing, here are four great tours for you to explore the beautiful city and colorful Chinese culture. Private Hutong Trip Beijing Hutong feels much more fun with a private guide to tell its stories and answer all your questions. Experience big-ticket attractions such as the Bell and Drum Towers, the Back Lakes and Yinding Bridge. Along the way, you can try bubble tea and red bean dessert. Tasting local dim sum will be the greatest attraction for tourists. Price:$139 Limited number: 15 travelers Great Attractions Hit the amazing attractions on this door-to-door private tour. Walk through historic Beijing Hutong and visit four of Beijing’s biggest attractions — the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City and the Ming Tombs. Whether you love history or are looking for an exciting adventure, this tour will give you a memorable experience of Beijing’s beauty. Price: $199 Limited number:29 travelers Small-Group Tour Explore the famous Forbidden City and the Mutianyu Great Wall. Visit the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, Tian’anmen Square and National Stadium in Beijing. Besides, you won’t miss the chance to enjoy the unique performance of Beijing Opera. Booking in advance is required before your registration. Price: $198 Limited number: 8 travelers Lit-Up Wonderland Explore Beijing’s nighttime charm on this special tour! As the sun sets, the city turns into a lit-up wonderland. You will get to see famous places like Tian’anmen Square, the Back Lakes and National Stadium in Beijing lit up against the night sky. But the adventure doesn’t stop there! You also have the chance to taste the mouthwatering local food at a restaurant of your choice. Price:$188 Limited number: 12 travelers 1. What attracts visitors most while taking Private Hutong Trip? A. Enjoying local dim sum. B. Watching evening shows. C. Walking through the wonderland. D. Exploring famous attractions. 2. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Private Hutong Trip. B. Great Attractions. C. Small-Group Tour. D. Lit-Up Wonderland. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A news report. B. A textbook. C. A tour brochure. D. A course plan. B Dr. Fritz Jones is an astronaut doctor working at an international space center. Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college. Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body. “It’s not just about feeling light or having your ears pop,” he explained. “Flying can make us feel uncomfortable, affect our thinking and even change how medicines work inside our body.” What’s more, astronaut doctors like him are expected to fly as well. Therefore, he also has had the experience of flying different types of helicopters and airplanes. Now, Dr. Jones is taking care of astronauts when they get sick or injured. While astronauts are in space, there are additional effects on their bodies, such as zero gravity. They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team. At the same time, the team conduct regular check-ups and provide medical advice if needed. After returning to Earth, astronauts need doctors to help them with their health problems caused by space travel. Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home. And now he even works with engineers to design spacecrafts to ensure astronauts travel to and return from space safely. Maybe one day he will become an astronaut himself! 4. What drove Dr. Jones to become an astronaut doctor? A. His childhood dream. B. His medical knowledge. C. His desire to travel in space. D. His achievements in college. 5. What did Dr. Jones do before starting his work? A. He received medical treatments. B. He practised spacewalking skills. C. He learned the influence of flying. D. He joined an international space club. 6. What is the main duty of Dr. Jones and his team? A. Training astronauts for spacewalks. B. Managing astronauts’health conditions. C. Conducting medical experiments in space. D. Working with engineers to design spacecrafts. 7. What does Dr. Jones think of his job? A. Satisfying. B. Challenging. C. Annoying. D. Relaxing. C On 22 April, people across the planet celebrate Earth Day. This is a yearly event that marks the achievements of environmental activists and lays stress on the need to protect the environment for future generations. There are lots of different events taking place all across the world. Earth Day began in 1970 and since then it has grown strikingly. Although it lasts only one day, many events or activities happen over a week or even a month. The Earth Day movement also encourages people to do things all year that will help the planet. The topic of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics, and the aim is to focus on the harm that plastics cause to the environment, because it takes hundreds of years to break down for plastics. The Earth Day movement is demanding a 60% reduction in the amount of plastics that humans use by 2040. This includes ending the production of single-use plastics completely by 2030. The movement also wants governments to help end fast fashion, which refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced by large companies. Many of these items, which often end up in rubbish sites, contain plastics. Schools and some social groups across the world take an active part in Earth Day events. Students from primary schools, for example, will pick up rubbish in their neighborhoods. Some libraries in parts of the world run events designed to let people get creative and voice their opinions on the environment. The Earth Day website lists activities arranged around the world, and an increasing number of people are registering their own Earth Day events. If you want to be part of it, search for “Earth Day Creative Events”. 8. Why do people celebrate Earth Day each year? A. To promote cultural events. B. To recognize the earth’s beauty. C. To make it known by more people. D. To raise people’s environmental awareness. 9 What do we know about Earth Day? A. It lasts about a week. B. It calls for continuous efforts. C. It becomes an official holiday. D. It encourages personal growth. 10. What does the underlined phrase “fast fashion” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Items that are of high quality. B. Items that are made of plastics. C. Pretty clothes that are fashionable. D. Low-cost clothing produced rapidly. 11. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. Libraries are offering creative lectures. B. Schools are praising students’ performances. C. People around the world are protecting Earth. D. People are raising funds for various activities. D We all agree that too much anxiety has nothing good to offer and is certainly not a welcome visitor in our lives. There are endless and heartbreaking stories about how anxiety can ruin a moment, a day, or even a life. However, a growing number of researchers are getting the message out that anxiety is not always our enemy. Kian Patton, an expert on mental health, believes that anxiety and other unpleasant feelings actually have a role to play because we all need a bit of it to be our best selves. Let’s look at some positive sides that anxiety has to offer. A bit of anxiety prevents us from possible dangers. Those of us with some anxiety carefully consider the effects of our behavior on others, which prevents us from becoming a bully and hurting classmates. Anxiety can and does remind us to get things done. We tend to be better prepared for the next test, the next presentation, the next day, and even life in general. “If we pay no attention to our anxiety, we may lose these benefits, and can make things worse,” says Gaia Megan, a professor in Psychological Science. Ignoring unpleasant feelings just strengthens our worries, because we are not solving the problem. According to Gaia, the key to reducing unease is to manage anxiety by “worrying well”. But how? The trick, as she says, is to listen to anxiety, and then direct it to make changes. For example, a young man who worried about everything that could go wrong in his life was kept sleepless at night. After talking to Gaia Megan, he turned “what ifs?” anxiety into a goal-directed to-do list: “If this were to happen, then what could I do? Well, I could ...” By worrying well, we can feel lighter in our mind and have a clearer map of what we should do. “Then,” Gaia advises, “let it go. It is a wave that you need to learn to ride.” 12 What is people’s common opinion about anxiety? A. It satisfies some of our needs. B. It creates problems in our lives. C. It is the most unpleasant feeling. D. It helps us sort out the messages. 13. What can anxiety help people do? A. Avoid possible dangers. B. Make good friends. C. Have a successful life. D. Create new ideas. 14. How can we manage anxiety according to Gaia Megan? A. By changing our sleep patterns. B. By listening to others’ opinions. C. By ignoring unpleasant feelings. D. By directing it in a positive way. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A Women Scientists on Mental Health B. Facts and Benefits of Fear and Anxiety C. The Unsolved Mystery: Why do We Worry D. The Upside of Anxiety: How to Worry Well 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chinese Lanterns Traditionally, lanterns are commonly seen during celebrations and festivals. They have become a beloved part of China’s cultural heritage, attracting people all over the world with their beauty and charm. ___16___ History of Chinese Lanterns At first lanterns were only used to honour the ancestors in temples. Later, an emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty ordered his servants to light lanterns in the palace on the 15th day of the first lunar month, which later became the Lantern Festival. ___17___ They did that to celebrate their peaceful life, which made lanterns more and more popular throughout China. Functions of Chinese Lanterns In ancient China, lanterns were used to brighten streets and homes with their warm light. ___18___ People decorate homes and public places with them. Lanterns also play an important role in Chinese celebrations and they have become a symbol of national pride in China. ___19___ Chinese lanterns are known for their beautiful colors and different shapes. The most often seen are the round and red ones, which is related to good luck and happiness. They also come in other forms, adding a touch of diversity to the festival atmosphere. Features of Chinese Lanterns The art of making lanterns is a collection of skills, including painting, cutting and gluing. The materials include bamboo, wood and metal. ___20___ Popular paintings on lanterns include scenery, dragons and designs of birds and fish. A. Colors and Shapes of Chinese Lanterns B. Patterns and Styles of Chinese Lanterns C. Lanterns were very expensive at that time. D. Today, they are usually used for decorations. E. The following are some specific facts about them. F. Besides, paper and silk are traditionally the major materials. G. In the Tang Dynasty, ordinary people also began to use lanterns. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 7 years old, my family experienced a terrible financial downfall. We ended up ___21___ , living on the streets. What I wanted was just a ___22___ and dry place to sleep at night. After years’struggle, we finally got through the tough time. The experience taught me the importance of money and filled me with the ___23___ to do whatever I wanted so that I wouldn’t be ___24___ for lack of money. This desire stayed with me as I grew up. After graduating from college, I worked really hard to ___25___ my financial goals, and at the age of 28, I made it. As I became a mother, I was able to ___26___ my children with a high quality of life that I had always desired. ___27___ , though we could afford them many things, my husband and I wanted them to learn the ___28___ of hard work. We also taught our kids how to manage money so they could ___29___ any challenge in the future. It doesn’t matter how much money you have: ___30___ money is what makes you successful. Now our children have come to understand the importance of earning and taking care of their money. They are ___31___ to earn money through chores and ___32___ for expensive items they like. Our intention for them is to understand the value of things and learn ___33___ life skills such as how to open a bank account and ___34___ rents. Above all, I firmly believe that teaching my children good values is the greatest ___35___ I can give them, because it is more valuable than any material treasure. 21. A. alone B. tired C. homeless D. lost 22. A. warm B. crowded C. broad D. faraway 23. A. joy B. duty C. option D. desire 24. A. cheered up B. held back C. raised up D. picked out 25. A. design B. achieve C. share D. identify 26. A. provide B. surprise C. attract D. serve 27. A. However B. Obviously C. Otherwise D. Shortly 28. A. art B. rule C. value D. impact 29. A. bring B. select C. face D. choose 30. A. spotting B. donating C. spending D. managing 31. A. ordered B. encouraged C. begged D. forced 32. A. ask B. vote C. wait D. save 33. A. creative B. advanced C. basic D. limited 34. A. pay B. collect C. increase D. report 35. A. clue B. gift C. sign D. fund 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46～55的相应位置。 36. One of the most important __________ (element) of being a good friend is listening carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. __________ we don’t protect the earth, we will have no clean water to drink. (用适当的词填空) 38. Alex spilled his drink all over his boss, and it caused __________ embarrassing situation. (用适当的词填空) 39. The sky turned gray, __________(indicate) that a storm was likely to come soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. During the summer break, Tim absorbed __________(he) in reading to enrich his knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. Our school library has books of all kinds that range from classic novels __________ latest magazines. (用适当的词填空) 42. The players __________(celebrate) their victory while the audience was cheering loudly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. Parents consider it a duty __________ (select) healthy foods for their children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. The invention of the wheel can date back to the time __________ early humans first started using tools. (用适当的词填空) 45. Each student in the competition will be judged __________ (individual) based on their performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节 句子考查(共9小题;56～61小题每空0.5分;62～64每小题3分;满分17.5分) 46. It was his 18th birthday and __________ __________ __________(从那时起) George made a living on his own. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 47. For a speaker, it is important to __________ __________ __________ __________(牢记)that less is more. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48. To her surprise, Mary found that the room had been cleaned up by the kids yesterday.(句型转换) To her surprise, Mary found the room __________ __________ by the kids yesterday. 49. As the children are playing in the garden, I couldn’t concentrate on my study.(句型转换) I couldn’t concentrate on my study __________ the children __________ in the garden. 50. As he was deeply inspired by the speech, he decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist.(句型转换) __________ __________ __________ the speech, he decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist. 51. Tom’s knowledge of first aid saved his neighbor’s life last night.(用强调句改写) __________ __________ Tom’s knowledge of first aid __________ saved his neighbor’s life last night. 52. They have decorated the stage with balloons for the school play. (用被动语态改写) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. The writer was invited to the Reading Festival. His short story won the contest.(用定语从句合并) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 正当Tom要放弃的时候，他的老师向他伸出了援手。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ella and Jenny were best friends. They had known each other since Jenny moved next door three years ago. They hung out almost every day after school, exploring the world around them. They had a lot of fun, but like any friends, they sometimes had disagreements because they were very different people. Ella was a hardworking girl who did well in her school work, loved reading books, and took ballet classes. On the other hand, Jenny was outgoing. She would rather play soccer, chat with classmates at school, and couldn’t sit still long enough to finish reading a story book. In spite of their differences, they always found a way to have fun together. Usually, they would play together at the park across the street. They would play on the sports equipment, race around the playground, or play soccer with a group of kids in their neighborhood. On rainy days, they would go in one of their houses to make artworks, play video games, or paint each other’s nails. They could spend hours and hours together. While most days were filled with laughter and shared adventures, there were times when they couldn’t agree on what to do. One day, Ella wanted to play on the playground equipment, while Jenny preferred soccer on the freshly-cut grass. Ella suggested they should play on the equipment as they had already played soccer for three days. However, Jenny, with her eyes shining eagerly, argued that they should play soccer because the grass in the field had just been cut and it was nice and short. “We always do what you want to do, Jenny. Can’t we try something different for once?” said Ella, feeling upset. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为130左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Fine! Go play by yourself. I will play soccer,” Jenny shouted. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ella’s face lit up when she heard what Jenny said. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量检查 高一英语 (本试卷共四大题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 听力理解(两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段对话，回答第1～2题。 1. What is the man concerned about? A. His weight. B. His schedule. C. His diet. 2. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Eat more vegetables. B. Go to a gym. C. Change his plan. 听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。 3. For how long will Bob stay in Harbin? A. Five days. B. Two weeks. C. One month. 4. What does Bob want to do first when he arrives in Harbin? A. Visit places. B. Take photos. C. Try skiing. 5. Who will travel with Bob? A. His brother. B. His friend. C. His sister. 第二节 听取信息(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段独白。请从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6～10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。 Paul Mauriat and His Music Blue Love The most 6 form is the one played by Richard Clayderman. Paul Mauriat He was born in 7 , 1925 in Marseille, France. He began to 8 at a young age. He started a 9 at the age of 17. His music made the stories even more 10 and emotional. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A If you are planning a trip to Beijing, here are four great tours for you to explore the beautiful city and colorful Chinese culture. Private Hutong Trip Beijing Hutong feels much more fun with a private guide to tell its stories and answer all your questions. Experience big-ticket attractions such as the Bell and Drum Towers, the Back Lakes and Yinding Bridge. Along the way, you can try bubble tea and red bean dessert. Tasting local dim sum will be the greatest attraction for tourists. Price:$139 Limited number: 15 travelers Great Attractions Hit the amazing attractions on this door-to-door private tour. Walk through historic Beijing Hutong and visit four of Beijing’s biggest attractions — the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City and the Ming Tombs. Whether you love history or are looking for an exciting adventure, this tour will give you a memorable experience of Beijing’s beauty. Price: $199 Limited number:29 travelers Small-Group Tour Explore the famous Forbidden City and the Mutianyu Great Wall. Visit the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, Tian’anmen Square and National Stadium in Beijing. Besides, you won’t miss the chance to enjoy the unique performance of Beijing Opera. Booking in advance is required before your registration. Price: $198 Limited number: 8 travelers Lit-Up Wonderland Explore Beijing’s nighttime charm on this special tour! As the sun sets, the city turns into a lit-up wonderland. You will get to see famous places like Tian’anmen Square, the Back Lakes and National Stadium in Beijing lit up against the night sky. But the adventure doesn’t stop there! You also have the chance to taste the mouthwatering local food at a restaurant of your choice. Price:$188 Limited number: 12 travelers 1. What attracts visitors most while taking Private Hutong Trip? A. Enjoying local dim sum. B. Watching evening shows. C. Walking through the wonderland. D. Exploring famous attractions. 2. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Private Hutong Trip. B. Great Attractions. C. Small-Group Tour. D. Lit-Up Wonderland. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A news report. B. A textbook. C. A tour brochure. D. A course plan. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文主要介绍了四种不同的北京旅游线路及其特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Tasting local dim sum will be the greatest attraction for tourists.”（品尝当地的点心将是游客最大的吸引力。）可知，游客在参加私人胡同游时最吸引他们的是享受当地的点心。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Booking in advance is required before your registration.”（在您注册之前需要提前预订。）可知，需要提前预订的旅游线路是小团旅游。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are planning a trip to Beijing, here are four great tours for you to explore the beautiful city and colorful Chinese culture.”（如果你计划去北京旅行，这里有四条很棒的旅行路线，让你探索这座美丽的城市和丰富多彩的中国文化。）可知，短文主要介绍了四种不同的北京旅游线路及其特色。所以短文来自旅行手册。故选C。 B Dr. Fritz Jones is an astronaut doctor working at an international space center. Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college. Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body. “It’s not just about feeling light or having your ears pop,” he explained. “Flying can make us feel uncomfortable, affect our thinking and even change how medicines work inside our body.” What’s more, astronaut doctors like him are expected to fly as well. Therefore, he also has had the experience of flying different types of helicopters and airplanes. Now, Dr. Jones is taking care of astronauts when they get sick or injured. While astronauts are in space, there are additional effects on their bodies, such as zero gravity. They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team. At the same time, the team conduct regular check-ups and provide medical advice if needed. After returning to Earth, astronauts need doctors to help them with their health problems caused by space travel. Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home. And now he even works with engineers to design spacecrafts to ensure astronauts travel to and return from space safely. Maybe one day he will become an astronaut himself! 4. What drove Dr. Jones to become an astronaut doctor? A. His childhood dream. B. His medical knowledge. C. His desire to travel in space. D. His achievements in college. 5. What did Dr. Jones do before starting his work? A. He received medical treatments. B. He practised spacewalking skills. C. He learned the influence of flying. D. He joined an international space club. 6. What is the main duty of Dr. Jones and his team? A. Training astronauts for spacewalks. B. Managing astronauts’health conditions. C. Conducting medical experiments in space. D. Working with engineers to design spacecrafts. 7. What does Dr. Jones think of his job? A. Satisfying. B. Challenging. C. Annoying. D. Relaxing. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗里茨·琼斯博士成为宇航员医生的过程，以及他的主要职责。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college.(从他还是个孩子起，他就一直想成为一名医生和飞行员。当他从一所医学院毕业后被航天中心录取时，他的梦想实现了。)”可知，是他童年的梦想驱使琼斯博士成为一名宇航员医生。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body.(在他开始工作之前，他接受了六个月的额外训练，以了解飞行对人体的影响。)”可知，琼斯博士在开始他的工作之前了解飞行的影响。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team.(由于对平衡系统的影响，他们在太空的最初几天可能会感到晕船。此外，太空行走还带来了独特的医疗问题。因此，他们的健康状况受到琼斯博士和他的医疗团队的密切监测和照顾。)”可知，琼斯博士和他的团队的主要职责是管理宇航员的健康状况。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home.(琼斯博士觉得他的工作非常酷，因为他帮助人们准备去太空旅行，在他们在外时照顾他们，并欢迎他们回家。)”可推知，琼斯博士认为他的工作是“令人满意的”。故选A项。 C On 22 April, people across the planet celebrate Earth Day. This is a yearly event that marks the achievements of environmental activists and lays stress on the need to protect the environment for future generations. There are lots of different events taking place all across the world. Earth Day began in 1970 and since then it has grown strikingly. Although it lasts only one day, many events or activities happen over a week or even a month. The Earth Day movement also encourages people to do things all year that will help the planet. The topic of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics, and the aim is to focus on the harm that plastics cause to the environment, because it takes hundreds of years to break down for plastics. The Earth Day movement is demanding a 60% reduction in the amount of plastics that humans use by 2040. This includes ending the production of single-use plastics completely by 2030. The movement also wants governments to help end fast fashion, which refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced by large companies. Many of these items, which often end up in rubbish sites, contain plastics. Schools and some social groups across the world take an active part in Earth Day events. Students from primary schools, for example, will pick up rubbish in their neighborhoods. Some libraries in parts of the world run events designed to let people get creative and voice their opinions on the environment. The Earth Day website lists activities arranged around the world, and an increasing number of people are registering their own Earth Day events. If you want to be part of it, search for “Earth Day Creative Events”. 8. Why do people celebrate Earth Day each year? A. To promote cultural events. B. To recognize the earth’s beauty. C. To make it known by more people. D. To raise people’s environmental awareness. 9. What do we know about Earth Day? A. It lasts about a week. B. It calls for continuous efforts. C. It becomes an official holiday. D. It encourages personal growth. 10. What does the underlined phrase “fast fashion” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Items that are of high quality. B. Items that are made of plastics. C. Pretty clothes that are fashionable. D. Low-cost clothing produced rapidly. 11. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. Libraries are offering creative lectures. B. Schools are praising students’ performances. C. People around the world are protecting Earth. D. People are raising funds for various activities. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球日并号召大家参与今年地球日活动。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“On 22 April, people across the planet celebrate Earth Day. This is a yearly event that marks the achievements of environmental activists and lays stress on the need to protect the environment for future generations. There are lots of different events taking place all across the world.(4月22日，全世界的人们都在庆祝地球日。这是一项一年一度的活动，标志着环境活动家的成就，并强调为子孙后代保护环境的必要性。世界各地都在发生许多不同的事件)”可知，人们每年庆祝地球日以提高人们的环保意识。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“The Earth Day movement also encourages people to do things all year that will help the planet.(地球日运动还鼓励人们全年都做有助于地球的事情)”可知，地球日呼吁我们的持续努力。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。由该词后为非限制性定语从句“which refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced by large companies(指的是大公司快速生产的廉价衣服)”可知，fast fashion指的是“快速生产的低成本服装”。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章倒数第二段“Schools and some social groups across the world take an active part in Earth Day events. Students from primary schools, for example, will pick up rubbish in their neighborhoods. Some libraries in parts of the world run events designed to let people get creative and voice their opinions on the environment.(世界各地的学校和一些社会团体积极参与地球日活动。例如，小学的学生会在他们的社区里捡垃圾。世界各地的一些图书馆举办活动，旨在让人们发挥创造力，表达他们对环境的看法)”和最后一段“The Earth Day website lists activities arranged around the world, and an increasing number of people are registering their own Earth Day events. If you want to be part of it, search for ‘Earth Day Creative Events’.(地球日网站列出了世界各地安排的活动，越来越多的人正在注册自己的地球日活动。如果你想参与其中，可以搜索‘地球日创意活动’)”可知，最后两段主要讲述了世界各地的人们都在积极地保护地球。故选C项。 D We all agree that too much anxiety has nothing good to offer and is certainly not a welcome visitor in our lives. There are endless and heartbreaking stories about how anxiety can ruin a moment, a day, or even a life. However, a growing number of researchers are getting the message out that anxiety is not always our enemy. Kian Patton, an expert on mental health, believes that anxiety and other unpleasant feelings actually have a role to play because we all need a bit of it to be our best selves. Let’s look at some positive sides that anxiety has to offer. A bit of anxiety prevents us from possible dangers. Those of us with some anxiety carefully consider the effects of our behavior on others, which prevents us from becoming a bully and hurting classmates. Anxiety can and does remind us to get things done. We tend to be better prepared for the next test, the next presentation, the next day, and even life in general. “If we pay no attention to our anxiety, we may lose these benefits, and can make things worse,” says Gaia Megan, a professor in Psychological Science. Ignoring unpleasant feelings just strengthens our worries, because we are not solving the problem. According to Gaia, the key to reducing unease is to manage anxiety by “worrying well”. But how? The trick, as she says, is to listen to anxiety, and then direct it to make changes. For example, a young man who worried about everything that could go wrong in his life was kept sleepless at night. After talking to Gaia Megan, he turned “what ifs?” anxiety into a goal-directed to-do list: “If this were to happen, then what could I do? Well, I could ...” By worrying well, we can feel lighter in our mind and have a clearer map of what we should do. “Then,” Gaia advises, “let it go. It is a wave that you need to learn to ride.” 12. What is people’s common opinion about anxiety? A It satisfies some of our needs. B. It creates problems in our lives. C. It is the most unpleasant feeling. D. It helps us sort out the messages. 13. What can anxiety help people do? A. Avoid possible dangers. B. Make good friends. C. Have a successful life. D. Create new ideas. 14. How can we manage anxiety according to Gaia Megan? A. By changing our sleep patterns. B. By listening to others’ opinions. C. By ignoring unpleasant feelings. D. By directing it in a positive way. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Women Scientists on Mental Health B. Facts and Benefits of Fear and Anxiety C. The Unsolved Mystery: Why do We Worry D. The Upside of Anxiety: How to Worry Well 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了焦虑并非完全是我们的敌人，适度的焦虑可以帮助我们避免可能的危险，提醒我们完成事情，而关键在于如何“好好地担忧”，将焦虑转化为积极的力量。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“We all agree that too much anxiety has nothing good to offer and is certainly not a welcome visitor in our lives. There are endless and heartbreaking stories about how anxiety can ruin a moment, a day, or even a life.(我们都同意，过多的焦虑没有什么好处，当然也不是我们生活中受欢迎的访客。关于焦虑如何毁掉一刻、一天甚至一辈子，有无数令人心碎的故事。)”可知，人们通常认为焦虑会给我们的生活带来问题。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“A bit of anxiety prevents us from possible dangers. (一点点焦虑使我们避免了可能的危险。)”可知，焦虑可以帮助人们避免可能的危险。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“According to Gaia, the key to reducing unease is to manage anxiety by “worrying well”.(根据Gaia的说法，减少不安的关键是通过‘好好担心’来控制焦虑。)”以及第五段中“The trick, as she says, is to listen to anxiety, and then direct it to make changes. (正如她所说，诀窍是倾听焦虑，然后引导它做出改变。)”可知，Gaia Megan建议以积极的方式引导焦虑，让其做出改变。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“However, a growing number of researchers are getting the message out that anxiety is not always our enemy. Kian Patton, an expert on mental health, believes that anxiety and other unpleasant feelings actually have a role to play because we all need a bit of it to be our best selves.(然而，越来越多的研究人员正在传达这样的信息:焦虑并不总是我们的敌人。心理健康专家基安·帕顿认为，焦虑和其他不愉快的感觉实际上起着一定的作用，因为我们都需要一点焦虑来成为最好的自己。)”以及最后一段“By worrying well, we can feel lighter in our mind and have a clearer map of what we should do. “Then,” Gaia advises, “let it go. It is a wave that you need to learn to ride.”(通过好好担心，我们可以感到心情轻松，对我们应该做什么有一个更清晰的地图。‘那么，’盖亚建议道，‘放手吧。这是一个你需要学会驾驭的波浪。’)”可知，文章主要讲述焦虑的好处以及我们应该怎样利用焦虑，将焦虑转化为积极的力量，让我们成为更好的自己。所以D项“The Upside of Anxiety: How to Worry Well(焦虑的好处：如何好好地担心)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chinese Lanterns Traditionally, lanterns are commonly seen during celebrations and festivals. They have become a beloved part of China’s cultural heritage, attracting people all over the world with their beauty and charm. ___16___ History of Chinese Lanterns At first, lanterns were only used to honour the ancestors in temples. Later, an emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty ordered his servants to light lanterns in the palace on the 15th day of the first lunar month, which later became the Lantern Festival. ___17___ They did that to celebrate their peaceful life, which made lanterns more and more popular throughout China. Functions of Chinese Lanterns In ancient China, lanterns were used to brighten streets and homes with their warm light. ___18___ People decorate homes and public places with them. Lanterns also play an important role in Chinese celebrations and they have become a symbol of national pride in China. ___19___ Chinese lanterns are known for their beautiful colors and different shapes. The most often seen are the round and red ones, which is related to good luck and happiness. They also come in other forms, adding a touch of diversity to the festival atmosphere. Features of Chinese Lanterns The art of making lanterns is a collection of skills, including painting, cutting and gluing. The materials include bamboo, wood and metal. ___20___ Popular paintings on lanterns include scenery, dragons and designs of birds and fish. A. Colors and Shapes of Chinese Lanterns B. Patterns and Styles of Chinese Lanterns C. Lanterns were very expensive at that time. D. Today, they are usually used for decorations. E. The following are some specific facts about them. F. Besides paper and silk are traditionally the major materials. G. In the Tang Dynasty, ordinary people also began to use lanterns. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是与中国灯笼相关的事实。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Traditionally, lanterns are commonly seen during celebrations and festivals. They have become a beloved part of China’s cultural heritage, attracting people all over the world with their beauty and charm.(传统上，灯笼通常在庆祝活动和节日期间出现。它们已成为中国文化遗产中受人喜爱的一部分，以其美丽和魅力吸引着世界各地的人们)”可知，本文讲述的内容与中国的灯笼相关，结合下文中“History of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的历史)”以及“Functions of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的功能)”和“Features of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的特点)”可知，此空引出下文讲述的与中国灯笼相关的知识，E选项“The following are some specific facts about them.(以下是关于它们的一些具体事实)”引出下文讲述的与中国灯笼相关的具体事实，且其中的them指代的是空前的“lanterns”。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据本段的主题句“History of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的历史)”可知，本段主要讲述的是中国灯笼的历史，G选项“In the Tang Dynasty, ordinary people also began to use lanterns.(在唐代，普通百姓也开始使用灯笼)”讲述的是唐朝的时候，普通人也开始使用灯笼，与灯笼的历史相关，且空后“They did that to celebrate their peaceful life, which made lanterns more and more popular throughout China.(他们这样做是为了庆祝他们和平的生活，这使得灯笼在中国越来越受欢迎)”中的they指代的内容为G选项中的“ordinary people”。故选G项。 18题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Functions of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的功能)”可知，本段主要讲述的是中国灯笼的功能，D选项“Today, they are usually used for decorations.(今天，它们通常被用来装饰)”可知，现在灯笼被用来装饰，介绍的是灯笼的功能，与本段的主题吻合，且与空后的“People decorate homes and public places with them.(人们用它们装饰家庭和公共场所)”讲述的内容一致，符合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“Chinese lanterns are known for their beautiful colors and different shapes.(中国的灯笼以其美丽的颜色和不同的形状而闻名)”可知，中国的灯笼以其颜色和形状而闻名，由此可知，本段讲述的是中国灯笼的颜色和形状，A选项“Colors and Shapes of Chinese Lanterns(中国灯笼的颜色和形状)”与本段的内容吻合，且句式结构与其它段落的主题句的结构一致。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“The art of making lanterns is a collection of skills, including painting, cutting and gluing. The materials include bamboo, wood and metal.(制作灯笼的艺术是一系列技巧的集合，包括绘画、切割和粘合。材料包括竹子、木材和金属)”可知，此处讲述的是制作灯笼所需要的材料，F选项“Besides, paper and silk are traditionally the major materials.(此外，纸和丝绸是传统上的主要材料)”讲述的内容与制作灯笼的材料相关，其中的besides承接空前的内容，符合逻辑。故选F项。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 7 years old, my family experienced a terrible financial downfall. We ended up ___21___ , living on the streets. What I wanted was just a ___22___ and dry place to sleep at night. After years’struggle, we finally got through the tough time. The experience taught me the importance of money and filled me with the ___23___ to do whatever I wanted so that I wouldn’t be ___24___ for lack of money. This desire stayed with me as I grew up. After graduating from college, I worked really hard to ___25___ my financial goals, and at the age of 28, I made it. As I became a mother, I was able to ___26___ my children with a high quality of life that I had always desired. ___27___ , though we could afford them many things, my husband and I wanted them to learn the ___28___ of hard work. We also taught our kids how to manage money so they could ___29___ any challenge in the future. It doesn’t matter how much money you have: ___30___ money is what makes you successful. Now our children have come to understand the importance of earning and taking care of their money. They are ___31___ to earn money through chores and ___32___ for expensive items they like. Our intention for them is to understand the value of things and learn ___33___ life skills such as how to open a bank account and ___34___ rents. Above all, I firmly believe that teaching my children good values is the greatest ___35___ I can give them, because it is more valuable than any material treasure. 21. A. alone B. tired C. homeless D. lost 22. A. warm B. crowded C. broad D. faraway 23. A. joy B. duty C. option D. desire 24. A. cheered up B. held back C. raised up D. picked out 25. A. design B. achieve C. share D. identify 26. A. provide B. surprise C. attract D. serve 27. A. However B. Obviously C. Otherwise D. Shortly 28. A. art B. rule C. value D. impact 29. A. bring B. select C. face D. choose 30. A. spotting B. donating C. spending D. managing 31. A. ordered B. encouraged C. begged D. forced 32. A. ask B. vote C. wait D. save 33. A. creative B. advanced C. basic D. limited 34. A. pay B. collect C. increase D. report 35. A. clue B. gift C. sign D. fund 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述个人从童年时期的贫困经历，到成年后通过努力实现财务自由，并最终成为一位教育子女理解金钱价值和生活技能的母亲的故事，来展示个人奋斗和教育的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们最终无家可归，生活在大街上。A. alone孤独的；B. tired疲倦的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. lost迷路的。根据后文“living on the streets”可推断，作者住在街上，是因为自己无家可归了。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想要的只是一个温暖且干燥的地方，以便晚上能睡个好觉。A. warm温暖的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. broad宽阔的；D. faraway遥远的。根据上文“living on the streets”和后文“to sleep at night”可推断，晚上在街上睡觉通常又冷又潮，所以想要干燥的温暖的地方睡觉。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历教会了我金钱的重要性，并激发了我实现自己愿望的渴望，这样我就不会因缺乏金钱而受阻。A. joy乐趣；B. duty责任； C. option选择；D. desire 渴望。 根据本段最后一句“This desire stayed with me as I grew up.”说明作者实现自己愿望的渴望一直伴随着自己长大，由此可推断上文表述的是自己实现愿望的渴望。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词组语义辨析。句意：这次经历教会了我金钱的重要性，并激发了我实现自己愿望的渴望，这样我就不会因缺乏金钱而受阻。A. cheered up振奋起来；B. held back阻碍；C. raised up提高；D. picked out挑选出来，辨认出来。根据本段第一句“my family experienced a terrible financial downfall” 可知，作者一家人经历了一场严重的经济衰退，再结合后文for lack of money可推断作者不想再因为缺乏金钱而受阻。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，我非常努力地工作以实现我的财务目标，到了28岁，我做到了。A. design设计； B. achieve 实现；C. share 分享； D. identify 确认。根据第一段最后两句话“The experience taught me the importance of money and filled me with the ____ to do whatever I wanted so that I wouldn’t be ____ for lack of money. This desire stayed with me as I grew up.”可知，作者经历了经济衰退后，决心努力而不再因为金钱受阻。由此可推断，作者毕业后非常努力实现自己的财务目标，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成为母亲时，我能够为我的孩子们提供我一直渴望的高品质生活。A. provide 提供； B. surprise使吃惊；C. attract 吸引；D. serve服务。根据后文“we could afford them many things”可知，作者有经济能力给孩子们买很多东西，那么可推断作者有能力给孩子提供高品质的生活。故选项A项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管我们能负担得起许多东西，我和我的丈夫还是希望他们学会努力工作的价值。A. However然而；B. Obviously显然；C. Otherwise否则；D. Shortly不久。根据前文“I was able to ____ my children with a high quality of life that I had always desired.”及后文“my husband and I wanted them to learn the ...of hard work”可知，两句话之间存在转折关系，所以要用however来表示这种关系。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的丈夫还是希望他们学会努力工作的价值。A. art 艺术；B. rule 规则；C. value 价值；D. impact影响。根据前文“though we could afford them many things”可推断，作者和丈夫虽然能够给孩子买的起很多东西，还是想教会孩子努力工作的价值。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还教孩子们如何管理金钱，以便他们能够面对未来的任何挑战。A. bring带来； B. select选择；C. face面对；D. choose选择。本句前后是因果关系，教孩子如何管理金钱为了孩子能够应对未来的经济方面的挑战，故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你拥有多少钱并不重要：管理金钱才是让你成功关键。A. spotting找到，发现； B. donating捐赠；C. spending花费；D. managing 管理。根据后文“understand the importance of earning and taking care of their money”可知，现在，作者的孩子们已经理解了赚钱和理财的重要性，理财就是管理金钱，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被鼓励通过做家务来赚钱，并为自己喜欢的昂贵物品储蓄。A. ordered 命令； B. encouraged 鼓励；C. begged 乞求；D. forced 强迫。根据上文“understand the importance of earning and taking care of their money”现在孩子们知道了挣钱和理财的重要性，因此孩子们被鼓励挣钱和攒钱。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被鼓励通过做家务来赚钱，并为自己喜欢的昂贵物品储蓄。A. ask 要求，问； B. vote 投票；C. wait 等待 D. save 攒，节省。根据上文“understand the importance of earning and taking care of their money”现在孩子们知道了挣钱和理财的重要性，因此孩子们被鼓励挣钱和攒钱。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们对他们的意图是让他们理解事物的价值，并学习基本的生活技能，比如如何开设银行账户和支付租金。A. creative 创造的；B. advanced高级的；C. basic基础的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“such as how to open a bank account”可知，孩子们学会了一些开户等基本技能。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对他们的意图是让他们理解事物的价值，并学习基本的生活技能，比如如何开设银行账户和支付租金。A. pay支付；B. collect 搜集；C. increase增加；D. report报道。根据连接词and 和“how to open a bank account”可知，作者的孩子们学会的是金融方面的一些技能，故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我坚信教育我的孩子们良好的价值观是我能够给他们的最伟大的礼物，因为它比任何物质财富都更有价值。A. clue 线索； B. gift 礼物；C. sign 标志；D. fund 资金。根据后文“more valuable than any material treasure ”，可知作者希望给孩子们非物质的、对他们未来有深远影响的东西。gift符合语意，故选B项。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46～55的相应位置。 36. One of the most important __________ (element) of being a good friend is listening carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】elements 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：做一个好朋友最重要的因素之一就是认真倾听。这里考查 one of+名词复数形式，为固定用法。故填elements。 37. __________ we don’t protect the earth, we will have no clean water to drink. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】If 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有清洁水饮用。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if，首字母大写。故填If。 38. Alex spilled his drink all over his boss, and it caused __________ embarrassing situation. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：亚历克斯把饮料洒在老板身上，造成了尴尬的局面。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个尴尬的局面”，所以应用不定冠词表泛指，且embarrassing为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。 39. The sky turned gray, __________(indicate) that a storm was likely to come soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】indicating 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：天空变成了灰色，暗示着暴风雨很可能就要到来。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，indicate的逻辑主语为上文的整个句子，它们之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填indicating。 【点睛】 40. During the summer break, Tim absorbed __________(he) in reading to enrich his knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】himself 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：暑假期间，蒂姆专心读书以丰富知识。分析句子可知，这里考查absorb oneself in doing sth表“全神贯注于(做)某事 ”，为固定搭配，所以这里应填反身代词。故填himself。 41. Our school library has books of all kinds that range from classic novels __________ latest magazines. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们学校图书馆有各种各样的书，从经典小说到最新杂志。此处是动词短语range from...to表“范围从……到”，to是介词。故填to。 42. The players __________(celebrate) their victory while the audience was cheering loudly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were celebrating 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：球员们正在庆祝他们的胜利，而观众们则在大声欢呼。这里考查谓语动词，The players与celebrate为主动关系，且这里时态应与后面保持一致，用过去进行时。故填were celebrating。 43. Parents consider it a duty __________ (select) healthy foods for their children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to select 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母认为为孩子选择健康的食物是一种责任。句中it作形式宾语，这里应填不定式作真正宾语，故填to select。 44. The invention of the wheel can date back to the time __________ early humans first started using tools. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：轮子的发明可以追溯到早期人类第一次开始使用工具的时候。先行词为the time,在定语从句中作时间状语，关系副词为when。故填when。 45. Each student in the competition will be judged __________ (individual) based on their performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】individually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：比赛中的每个学生将根据他们的表现进行单独评判。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰前面动词。individually表“单独地”，为副词，符合语境。故填individually。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节 句子考查(共9小题;56～61小题每空0.5分;62～64每小题3分;满分17.5分) 46. It was his 18th birthday and __________ __________ __________(从那时起) George made a living on his own. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. from ②. then ③. on 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：那天是他的18岁生日，从那以后，乔治开始了自己的生活。根据汉语提示可知短语为from then on，故填from then on。 47. For a speaker, it is important to __________ __________ __________ __________(牢记)that less is more. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. keep##bear ②. it ③. in ④. mind 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：对于一个演讲者，重要的是要记住：少即是多。该句中使用了it作形式主语，该动词短语在句中应使用动词不定式形式做主语，前面已给出to，所以动词使用原形，表示“牢记”可使用动词短语keep/bear something in mind，根据后面的“that less is more”为宾语从句，所以空处可以使用it作形式宾语。故填keep/bear；it；in；mind。 48. To her surprise, Mary found that the room had been cleaned up by the kids yesterday.(句型转换) To her surprise, Mary found the room __________ __________ by the kids yesterday. 【答案】 ①. cleaned ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天，令玛丽吃惊的是，她发现房间已经被孩子们打扫过了。原句中使用了that引导了宾语从句；还可使用动词find+宾语+宾语补足语结构，该句中空前the room作found宾语，空上可以使用动词短语clean up作宾补，房间被打扫，与所修饰名词为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填cleaned；up。 49. As the children are playing in the garden, I couldn’t concentrate on my study.(句型转换) I couldn’t concentrate on my study __________ the children __________ in the garden. 【答案】 ①. with ②. playing 【解析】 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：孩子们在花园里玩，我无法集中精力学习。“with+名词/代词+介词短语/形容词/副词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式”构成with复合结构，常在句中做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语；句中“As the children are playing in the garden”可理解为原因状语从句，可处理with复合结构，第一空处用介词with，第二空处用现在分词playing作宾语the children的补足语，表主动。故填with；playing。 50. As he was deeply inspired by the speech, he decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist.(句型转换) __________ __________ __________ the speech, he decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist. 【答案】 ①.  Deeply ②. inspired ③.  by 【解析】 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：演讲深深地激励了他，他决定追求成为一名科学家的梦想。分析句子可知，he与inspire为被动关系，所以这里可以用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Deeply inspired by。 51. Tom’s knowledge of first aid saved his neighbor’s life last night.(用强调句改写) __________ __________ Tom’s knowledge of first aid __________ saved his neighbor’s life last night. 【答案】 ①. It ②. was ③. that 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：汤姆的急救知识昨晚救了他邻居的命。强调句型It is/was +被强调部分+that/who +其他 ；根据空前空后可知，本句强调主语部分Tom’s knowledge of first aid，且本句为一般过去时态，所以第一，二空应填It was，被强调的主语不是人物，不可使用who，第三空应填that。注意句首字母大写。故填It；was ；that 。 52. They have decorated the stage with balloons for the school play. (用被动语态改写) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The stage has been decorated with balloons for the school play by them. 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：他们为学校的演出用气球装饰了舞台。主动句变为被动句将宾语the stage变为主语，并将谓语动词改为被动语态。因原句谓语动词使用了现在完成时，改写后的谓语动词应使用现在完成时的被动语态，the stage作主语，谓语动词为单数形式has been decorated；使用介词by引出动作的施动者，主语They改为them，作介词by宾语，其他部分不变。故改为：The stage has been decorated with balloons for the school play by them. 53. The writer was invited to the Reading Festival. His short story won the contest.(用定语从句合并) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The writer whose short story won the contest was invited to the Reading Festival 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位短篇小说获奖的作家被邀请参加读书节。定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，“His short story won the contest”可以作为定语从句，修饰the writer。定语从句的关系词用whose，whose代替his，做定语修饰short story。定语从句往往紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面。因此合并后的定语从句为：The writer whose short story won the contest was invited to the Reading Festival。 54. 正当Tom要放弃的时候，他的老师向他伸出了援手。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just as Tom was about to give up, his teacher extended a helping hand to him. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和时间状语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般过去时，描述过去情况。表示“正当Tom要放弃的时候”应用句子Just as Tom was about to give up，为时间状语从句，其中be about to do表示“正准备做某事”，为固定搭配；表示“他的老师向他伸出了援手”应用his teacher extended a helping hand to him，其中extend表“伸出”，在本句中作谓语。故翻译为Just as Tom was about to give up, his teacher extended a helping hand to him. 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ella and Jenny were best friends. They had known each other since Jenny moved next door three years ago. They hung out almost every day after school, exploring the world around them. They had a lot of fun, but like any friends, they sometimes had disagreements because they were very different people. Ella was a hardworking girl who did well in her school work, loved reading books, and took ballet classes. On the other hand, Jenny was outgoing. She would rather play soccer, chat with classmates at school, and couldn’t sit still long enough to finish reading a story book. In spite of their differences, they always found a way to have fun together. Usually, they would play together at the park across the street. They would play on the sports equipment, race around the playground, or play soccer with a group of kids in their neighborhood. On rainy days, they would go in one of their houses to make artworks, play video games, or paint each other’s nails. They could spend hours and hours together. While most days were filled with laughter and shared adventures, there were times when they couldn’t agree on what to do. One day, Ella wanted to play on the playground equipment, while Jenny preferred soccer on the freshly-cut grass. Ella suggested they should play on the equipment as they had already played soccer for three days. However, Jenny, with her eyes shining eagerly, argued that they should play soccer because the grass in the field had just been cut and it was nice and short. “We always do what you want to do, Jenny. Can’t we try something different for once?” said Ella, feeling upset. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为130左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Fine! Go play by yourself. I will play soccer,” Jenny shouted. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ella’s face lit up when she heard what Jenny said. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“Fine! Go play by yourself. I will play soccer,” Jenny shouted. After talking, Jenny ran to the grass to play soccer alone. She played soccer for a while, but she found herself very bored. Without Ella's cooperation, she lacked a lot of motivation. Ella was able to pass, control the ball and shoot perfectly, surprising her every time. She thought about it, maybe what Ella said was right, she should play on the playground equipment. After all, every time Ella would follow her own advice, which was unfair to her. She ran back and said. “Ella, as you said, we should play on the playground equipment.” Ella’s face lit up when she heard what Jenny said. Ella couldn’t believe Jenny would follow her advice. It was the first time she had felt that her advice mattered. Jenny took Ella’s hand and ran happily to the playground equipment. They played happily, as if the unhappy things had never happened. They were still best friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。艾拉和珍妮是最好的朋友。他们几乎每天放学后都出去玩，探索周围的世界。但就像任何朋友一样，他们有时也会有分歧，因为他们是完全不同的人。有一次她们因是在运动器材上玩还是去踢足球产生了分歧。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“很好!你自己去玩吧。我要踢足球，”珍妮喊道。”可知，第一段可描写珍妮自己踢足球时的感觉和想法。 ②由第二段首句内容“听到珍妮的话，艾拉高兴了起来”可知，第二段可描写珍妮主动和艾拉和好，一去运动器材上玩。 2.续写线索：珍妮自己踢足球感到无聊——想到了艾拉——同意去运动设备上玩——和好——还是好朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①缺少：lack / be short of ②发现：find/spot ③使惊讶：surprise /astonish ④发生：happen/take place 情绪类 ①厌倦的：bored/ jaded ②不快乐的：unhappy/sad/upset 【点睛】[高分句型1] They played happily, as if the unhappy things had never happened. (运用了as if引导的虚拟语气) [高分句型2] After all, every time Ella would follow her own advice, which was unfair to her. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $