河南省郑州市宇华实验学校2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高二年级（下）期末考试 英 语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How many offices does the man’s company have? A.One. B.Six. C.Twelve. 2.What does the man do? A.A businessman. B.A student. C.A farmer. 3.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Mo Yan is a writer. B.The man has never heard of Mo Yan before. C.The woman hasn’t read any of Mo Yan’s works. 4.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Noise. B.Housework. C.Neighborhood. 5.What is the weather like now? A.Cloudy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.Whose birthday party was it? A.The man’s aunt’s. B.The man’s grandfather’s. C.The man’s grandmother’s. 7.How did the man get to Nanjing? A.By air. B.By train. C.By ship. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A.Boss and clerk. B.Friends. C.Shop assistant and customer. 9.What does the woman do? A.She works in a hotel. B.She is a flight attendant. C.She works in a bookshop. 10.What can we learn about the woman? A.She is on vacation. B.She is from Scotland. C.She is familiar with this place. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A.At the woman’s house. B.At the man’s house. C.At a TV shop. 12.What can we learn about the woman? A.TV is not important to her. B.She doesn’t often watch TV. C.She likes watching TV very much. 13.What can we know from the conversation? A.The man has fixed many TV sets. B.The man sells many kinds of TV sets. C.The man advised the woman to buy a new TV set. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14.What does the woman want to find out? A.What’s on. B.What’s wrong. C.Recent news. 15.How long does the performance last? A.For 135 minutes. B.For 150 minutes. C.For 165 minutes. 16.What can we learn about the woman? A.She is poor. B.She might be a stranger here. C.She doesn’t have any children under seven. 17.What can we learn from the conversation? A.The man is an actor in the musical. B.Some tickets may be sold at half price. C.The children under seven aren’t allowed to enter the theater. 18.When was Benjamin Franklin appointed as head of the postal service in America? A.In 1715. B.In 1575. C.In 1775. 19.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.The problems the USPS meets. B.How to make a lot of money. C.The method to arrange the retired people. 20.What can we learn from the passage? A.USPS is newly formed in America. B.Only by making major change can the problem be solved. C.USPS can pay any payment of health care for future retirees. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Old Town, History & Tales Tour ●About This walking tour is a perfect way to start your trip & an excellent basis for our other tours, offering you an excellent overview of the city, so you can have a complete Edinburgh experience! Covering everything from history to religion & folklore, this walking tour is our original tour of Edinburgh’s medieval Old Town. By exploring the city with a guide, you’ll be able to stop looking at a map and focus on enjoying the sites around you. Our talented and entertaining guides will walk you through the streets and alleys of Auld Reekie (Edinburgh) while enthralling (迷住) you with its history, folklore and tales! We are very proud of the high quality of all of our tours and the Old Town Tour is no exception. However, don’t take our word for it. Check out our near flawless TripAdvisor reviews. Start Time Summer Season: Daily; 10: 00, 12: 00 & 14: 00 Winter Season: Daily; 10: 30 & 13: 30 Duration Approximately 2h Cost Adult—£20 Child (5-15) —£10 Under 5s free! ●Additional Information Non-service animals are not allowed. Digital translations in English, German, French, Italian, Spanish & Mandarin available on request. We unfortunately do not advise guests in wheelchairs to join the tour, due to the narrow stairways. We apologize for any inconvenience or disappointment caused. These tours run all the year round so please wear clothing that is appropriate for the Scottish climate and come in footwear that you are comfortable in for a two-hour walking tour on the historic streets of Edinburgh. 21.How can visitors benefit from the Edinburgh tour? A.They will chart the map of the city. B.They will develop good ties with guides. C.They will become more focused in classes. D.They will have a better understanding of the city. 22.How much would a couple with two kids aged 4 and 8 pay for admission? A.£30. B.£40. C.£50. D.£60. 23.What are the visitors advised to do? A.Dress appropriately. B.Use wheelchairs. C.Take non-service pets. D.Hire a translator. B When I was a 19-year-old college student, a call from the hospital about my father’s blood transfusion and throat surgery came the night before an exam. My father had been in a deep unconscious state for a week, and I was the closest son to him, responsible for his medical decisions. The blood transfusion was an easy decision. It was a relatively safe procedure. The throat surgery was another thing. I didn’t know how my father would feel if he recovered consciousness and had a hole in his throat for the rest of his life. Ultimately, I declined. This experience made me even less willing to be vulnerable (脆弱的) and honest about my struggles of making big decisions. Years later, I became a professor. I learned to value my students’ growth and others’ perceptions. My students needed compassion and support. So, I shared something about my father’s illness and death to acknowledge that life went on outside of my classroom and grades were not the most important thing in the world. I told my students my past lessons. I knew they might be suffering in adversity, and I wanted them to know that if they needed help, I would understand. The response was immediate and powerful. My connections with students deepened and I could instruct them on a new level. I changed nothing about the way I delivered course material, but student exam scores improved, as did my teaching evaluations. A fellow professor asked me, “If this works so well, why didn’t you do it sooner?” I said, “Vulnerability is really hard. It involves sharing of yourself as fully as you are able to, including admitting wrongdoing and acknowledging that you can’t always be your best self. Far from being a sign of weakness, it requires a ton of strength.” Exposing your imperfections, connecting with students on a deeper level and creating space for them to grow will always be challenging, but it is worth it. I cannot know everything that is going on in every student’s life, but I can always choose compassion. 24.Why did the author reject his father’s throat surgery? A.He was worried about the risks during the surgery. B.He was unsure about his father’s post-surgical feeling. C.He was unsure if his father would regain consciousness. D.He was worried about the pre-surgical preparation procedure. 25.What change did the students have after the author shared his past lessons? A.They were less focused on their grades. B.They became more distant from the author. C.They became more engaged and responsive. D.They were less willing to ask the author for help. 26.What does the author convey in paragraph 3? A.It is easy to admit our imperfections. B.It is hard to acknowledge we are the best. C.Vulnerability is challenging but shows courage. D.Vulnerability is more a sign of weakness than strength. 27.What is the text? A.A science fiction novel. B.A news report. C.A book review. D.A life story. C In spite of the title, How to Grow Old, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal (母亲方面的) grandfather, it is true, died in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remote ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off. My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, as soon as she became a widow, devoted herself to women’s higher education. She was the co-founders of Girton College. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his sorrow and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. “Good gracious,” she exclaimed, “I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a miserable existence!” “Madre snaturale (奇怪的母亲),” he replied. But as one of the seventy-two, I prefer her recipe. After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep, so she habitually spent the hours from midnight to 3 a.m. in reading popular science. I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. This, I think, is the proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical (统计学的) fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable shortness of your future. 28.What do we know about author’s maternal grandmother? A.She was a strange and cruel mother. B.She set up Girton College with others. C.Her husband died when he was young. D.She had 72 children and grandchildren. 29.Why did the grandmother asked the gentleman? A.Because she wanted to teach him a lesson. B.Because she preferred cooking and talking. C.Because she wanted show off her freedom. D.Because she wondered why he was so sad. 30.What is the proper way to remain young according to the author? A.To maintain wide interests and active participation. B.To remember how many years you have lived so far. C.To stay up reading from midnight to 3 a. m. every day. D.To raise as many children as you can and cherish them. 31.What is the writing style of the passage? A.Romantic. B.Imaginative. C.Humorous. D.Ironic. D A recent study found that there is convincing evidence that time in nature reduces depressive symptoms, decreases stress and improves cognitive function. More time in the green is associated with lower blood pressure, strengthened immune systems, alleviated risk of heart discase and improved sleep. In a 2024 study, Maddock and his colleagues looked at outpatient mental health service usage, mostly for depression, anxiety or stress, across 1,169 zip codes in Texas. They found that rates of mental health service use were about 50 percent lower in neighborhoods with more greenery. In 2022 Jimenez and her colleagues published a paper in JAMA Open Network using data from the long-running Nurses' Health Study II to show that living in areas with more green space was associated with higher scores for overall cognition and for psychomotor speed and attention. This difference could be partly explained by fewer depressive symptoms. There are several possible explanations for these findings. One theory holds that nature provides a short break from the mental fatigue of modern life and the built environment, thereby restoring attentional resources. A 2024 experiment that had nearly 100 participants offers support for the idea: the researchers found that a 40-minute walk in nature enhanced people's ability to adjust higher-level cognitive functions — such as problem-solving and multitasking — more than a40-minute walk in an urban environment did. A second theory suggests that time spent in nature activates the parasympathetic(副交感的)nervous system, which reduces the body's stress responses. Studies show reductions in cortisol(皮质醇) levels — part of those responses — after exposure to greenery. In addition, green space affects health indirectly because time outdoors encourages physical activity and offers chances for social connection, both of which improve mental and physical well-being. Studies such as Jimenez's and Maddock's are aimed at policymakers more than individuals, but they remind us all of the importance of seeking out greenery wherever we live. And we should all try to heed the advice that Jimenez gives to her students: “I see how stressed they are, especially during exams,” she says. “I tell them, ‘Go out for a walk.’” 32.What does the underlined word “alleviated”  in paragraph 1 mean? A.Increased. B.Eased. C.Removed. D.Avoided. 33.How did Maddock and his colleagues get their findings? A.By doing an experiment. B.By referring to previous data. C.By analyzing a field case. D.By adapting observational method. 34.What does the 2024 experiment with100 participants clarify? A.An escape to nature can be refreshing. B.Nature offers inspiration for modern life. C.A walk in nature benefits the environment. D.City walk is equally important to nature walk. 35.Why does Jimenez ask her students to go out for a walk? A.To take exercise. B.To reduce pressure. C.To become prepared. D.To seek advice. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A quick browse of the FitTok tag reveals our madness with maximum fitness—couples lifting one another overhead, mums sprinting from room to room with pushchairs, which can make the average gymgoer feel hopeless. 36 Try these achievable goals. Find a diet that works Trendy diets are often extreme, but that’s not going to help you sustain a healthy lifestyle. “As a general standard your diet should consist of 20-30 per cent fat, 40-50 per cent carbs and25-30 per cent protein,” says Farren Morgan, a military fitness coach. 37 Run a 5k You don’t have to run the length of Africa. Training for your local ParkRun—a weekly group 5k—is a great place to start. Fran Bungay says,“ 38 Alternating a minute running with a minute walking is fine to begin with. Once you can run for 20 minutes, try to push for30.” Remove back pain “Spending all day at a desk can lead to tight hips, which may then lead to pain in the lower back and shoulders,” Clift says.“ 39 ”You can also try the knee twist. Lie on your back and bring your knees up to your chest, before slowly lowering them to the left and to the right while keeping your back flat on the floor. Make the gym a habit Studies have found that activity trackers can help people develop healthy routines over the long term, and that it always takes about 66 days to form a lasting habit. 40 A.Aim for three 20-minute training a week. B.It doesn’t have to be all or nothing, however. C.Squats help to strengthen your back and core, and will burn calories. D.Use the True Coach app to track your goals and receive personalized feedback. E.Get this right, and drink certain amount of water a day, and your body should adapt quickly. F.Yoga and Pilates can help, as well as taking regular breaks or investing in a standing desk. G.Use the Class Pass app to book fitness classes without having to commit to a full membership. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I once had a real show of what love is about from my son, Branton, who was then eight and totally unkind to his little sister, Susan. One Autumn evening, I discovered Susan was 41 . I thought she was in the house at first. By the time I 42 she was gone, Branton was comfortably on the sofa watching his favorite television program with a friend. After I’d searched every room for Susan, I began to be 43 . It was dark by then, and she was only 5. Our house in the country had many 44 surrounding it. Careful not to betray my 45 , I announced, “Susan is gone.” There was a pause, then Branton 46 and looked at me. “I can’t find Susan,” I 47 . “She isn’t in the house, and I don’t know where she is.” He was up as if a bomb had blown him off the sofa. “I’ll find her,” he said running to the door. Then he stopped and turned to his friend. “Get up, Jeff,” he 48 , “We’ve got to find Susan. Hurry up.” Within two minutes he’d rung two doorbells to ask if the 49 knew where his sister was. Branton, still running at top 50 , came up and passed me by, calling, “Susan, Susan.” As we headed up the big path into the woods, I heard the sound of a child 51 out. It was Susan. I tried to comfort her we were coming — while attempting to 52 falling in the mud. Meanwhile, Branton ran on ahead, apparently 53 nothing. In another minute he had her in his arms. As I 54 , I heard him saying repeatedly, “Susan, are you all right?” as tears streamed down his cheeks. That night I told Susan, who frequently 55 Branton’s trick, that we all should know what Branton really felt about us. 41.A.missing B.injured C.puzzled D.asleep 42.A.argued B.realized C.compared D.agreed 43.A.surprised B.frightened C.delighted D.tired 44.A.woods B.villages C.houses D.mountains 45.A.anger B.secret C.anxiety D.doubt 46.A.laughed B.shook C.shouted D.turned 47.A.repeated B.prayed C.announced D.scolded 48.A.persuaded B.suggested C.commanded D.blamed 49.A.teachers B.classmates C.workers D.neighbors 50.A.cost B.height C.speed D.trip 51.A.crying B.going C.leaving D.dying 52.A.imagine B.risk C.avoid D.enjoy 53.A.interested in B.familiar with C.crazy about D.afraid of 54.A.called B.approached C.greeted D.discovered 55.A.thanked B.valued C.accepted D.suffered 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tang suit often refers to a type of Chinese jackets. The word of Tang suit was created by the overseas Chinese people. Tang suit has two 56 (vary) in Chinese culture, which are 57 (striking) different from each other in style. One refers to the real Tang-era clothes developing from Hanfu, 58 (give) a free and easy and elegant impression; 59 other refers to the Manchu male’s jacket developing from magua of the Qing Dynasty, and it is made by absorbing a Western-style suit cutting method, A typical design of a Tang suit employs the Chinese characters, such as Fu and Shou 60 (express) good fortune and best wishes, 61 is extremely popular among the Chinese people. Tang suit 62 (have) a great influence on the clothing styles of other countries up till now. The Japanese kimono (和服) is made 63 the basis of pao of the Tang Dynasty, and it has become the national clothing of Japan. As an essential part of 64 (tradition) Chinese culture, Tang suits 65 (wear) by overseas Chinese people during the Spring Festival each year, appealing to many foreigners to wear then, More and more young Chinese people are inclined to wear Tang suits instead of Western-style suits and dresses on their big days. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66.高中生如何在学业压力下保持“松弛感”的高效学习方法？校刊English Corner以此话题开展征文，请你根据以下提示写一篇文稿： 1.目前学生学习状况； 2.保持松弛感高效学习方法的建议及好处。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 How to Keep a Sense of Relaxation under Academic Pressure ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。 As Papá fell sound asleep, Catalina slid from her bed and felt her way to the front door. The girl waited a moment to see if any of her family would wake, but nobody stirred. She tiptoed upstairs to her “Observatory”, longing for drinking in deep lungfuls of the clear night air under the bright stars. She polished her dear telescope, which was presented by her grandpa, the only one to support her dream. She assembled (组装) it, disassembled it and reassembled it repeatedly, knowing its parts very well. Through it she could explore the unknown galaxy, the Milky Way stretching across the deep blue sky. Night was always her favorite time. When everything was quiet, she was lost in her starry night. At this moment, she seemed to forget her cares and sorrows in the daytime. She told her secret dream to these beloved ones, her friends, teachers and even her father. When she said, “Papá, I want to be an astronomer working in the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory someday,” her father replied, “Maybe if you work hard, you’ll be hired to clean the offices.” No one believed she would be a scientist one day. But why? She knew she could be a good scientist. She knew it! A big day was coming—to visit the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, where she had visited for dozens of times, familiar with every set of the instruments there. This time with her classmates she was still eager for something stimulating. She took a cautious step forward, holding her breath, and her eyes getting closer to the lens (镜片) of the telescope. She adjusted the device softly and carefully, hoping to find more.... “Bang! …” suddenly there came a loud noise. One of her old friends “one-meter” telescope fell down, broken. “Look out! Stop touching anything! Step backward!” The manager yelled. “One-meter is broken, but the scientist has the day off. Nobody can fix it.” An operator added. Worries blanketed the hall. “I CAN FIX IT!” Catalina’s voice was surprisingly calm. “You what...?” The manager uttered, confused, and doubted. “It has 67 parts in total. An adjustable spanner (扳手) and a star screwdriver (螺丝刀) can help.” “Then you know how to assemble it.” His eyes wide open, he still half believed. Confidently, she nodded. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hesitating for a second, the manager agreed, “Just do it, and I’ll take all responsibilities.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thunderous applause erupted and rocked the hall. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高二年级（下）期末考试 英语 • 参考答案 第一部分 听力（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分） 1.【答案】B 【听力材料】W: Have you done placing your order for new printers? M: Yes. We need six public printers and one in each office, for a total of twelve. 2.【答案】C 【听力材料】W: Do you always want to be a farmer? M: No. I studied economics at school, and I wanted to be a businessman. But when my father passed away, he left me his farm. I want to honor his memory. 3.【答案】B 【听力材料】W: Have you heard of Mo Yan? M: Of course. Although I haven’t read his books before, I know some of them. Now everyone knows he won the Nobel Prize. W: I have never heard of him before. All of a sudden, he is famous all over the world. 4.【答案】A 【听力材料】M: What’s that noise? It sounds as if it’s coming from the next door. The Nelsons aren’t back yet, are they? W: I don’t think so. It must be the window cleaner working upstairs. 5.【答案】C 【听力材料】M: God, I’m wondering if it’s going to be fine this afternoon. W: What’s the matter? M: The football match! It’s due at 2:00, but the rain... W: Don’t you see the wind is beginning to blow? I’m sure it’ll be fine by then. 【答案】6.B 7.A 【听力材料】W: Where did you go last Sunday? M: Nanjing. W: For what? M: To celebrate my grandfather’s 80th birthday. W: I guess he must be very happy for your coming. M: Of course. My parents, aunts, other relatives and also his close friends, all were there. W: Oh, what a huge party! M: Yes, about 60 people attended. W: You have a really big family. How did you get there? By train? M: No, we flew there. You know, time was very limited. 【答案】8.C 9.B 10.A 【听力材料】W: Excuse me, can you do me a favor, please? M: It’s my pleasure, what can I do for you? W: I’m from England and I’m trying to make a travel plan for today. M: What brought you here? W: I’m a flight attendant and I’m here on vacation. I’m staying in the Holiday Inn Lido Hotel, not far from here. M: Oh, it’s not very far. And as far as I know, it is a fancy place. W: Yes, it is. Do you know where I can get a town map? M: We sell them, right here. W: Great, do you have any for foreigners? I mean an English version? M: Yes, we do. As many as you want. What about this one? W: That’s exactly what I’m looking for. I’ll take it. 【答案】11.C 12.C 13.A 【听力材料】W: Steve, my TV set doesn’t work. I can’t get a clear picture. Can you help me fix it? M: Oh, sure. I’ve fixed millions of TV sets. W: Good. I don’ know what to do without a TV. M: Don’t worry. I’ll have it done by tomorrow. In fact, quite a few sets of this type have problems. W: Really? M: Yeah. I prefer a different brand. Look at this model here. This is the only kind I sell. W: Wow! That’s a great picture. Are there any problems with this set? M: So far, I’ve only worked on a handful of them. This TV is really good. It would give you no trouble at all. W: Maybe I’ll get one soon. 【答案】14.A 15.C 16.B 17.B 【听力材料】M: Hello, can I help you with something? W: Yes. You see, I’m spending a few days in the city and I’d like to know what’s on these days. M: Well, there’s a musical, Elephant Fountain, at the Baoli Theater. They all say it’s very good. W: When’s it on exactly? M: Every night except Sunday. Hold on, let me get some specific information. Yes, the show will run until the beginning of July. It begins at 8 o’clock, ending at 10:45. There’s an afternoon performance starting at 2:00 on Wednesday and Saturday, too. W: And how much are the tickets? M: Tickets are 80 yuan, 100 yuan and 150 yuan. W: That’s a bit expensive. M: Well, you might get a ticket at a reduced price. It says here. “Some tickets may be sold at half price half an hour before the performance starts.” W: Mm, I’ll think about that. Oh, by the way, is there an age limit for children? M: Generally, not under seven. But this musical is about three children and an elephant. So children are welcome except babies. Besides, food and drinks are not allowed. 【答案】18.C 19.A 20.B 【听力材料】The United States Postal Service, or USPS, has a long history in America. Benjamin Franklin was appointed as the first head of the postal service, in 1775. However, the Postal Service says its income has not kept up with growing costs nowadays. The service says most of its recent losses result from making payments to its health care program for retired people. About a billion dollars of the loss is payments for injured workers. The news from April to June was not all bad. Improvements in the economy added a 9% increase in income from shipping and delivery. Because it is less costly to send letters and packages in the mail than to use private companies. To improve its financial health, the agency has proposed cutting service on Saturdays. It also wants Congress to cancel a requirement that the postal service makes advance payments to the health care program for retired workers. On August 1st, USPS failed to make a required payment of 5.5 billion dollars for health care benefits for future retirees. It is the first time the postal service has ever failed to make such a payment. And, without major changes, it will continue to lose billions of dollars a year. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A 【答案】21.D 22.C 23.A 【解析】21.推理判断题。根据第一段“This walking tour is a perfect way to start your trip & an excellent basis for our other tours, offering you an excellent overview of the city, so you can have a complete Edinburgh experience!(这次徒步旅行是开始您的旅程的完美方式，也是我们其他旅行的良好基础，为您提供城市的绝佳全景，让您有一个完整的爱丁堡体验!)”可知，这个步行旅游可以让你更好地了解这个城市，是开始你的旅行和其他旅游活动的良好基础。因此，游客可以从爱丁堡旅游中更好地了解这个城市。故选D项。 22.细节理解题。根据文中的Cost部分，成人票价为£20，5-15岁儿童票价为£10，5岁以下儿童免费。所以，一对夫妇需要支付2 x £20 = £40，而他们的两个孩子中，8岁的孩子需要支付£10，4岁的孩子免费。因此，他们总共需要支付£40 + £10 = £50。故选C项。 23.细节理解题。根据最后一段“These tours run all the year round so please wear clothing that is appropriate for the Scottish climate and come in footwear that you are comfortable in for a two-hour walking tour on the historic streets of Edinburgh.(这些旅游全年都有，所以请穿着适合苏格兰气候的衣服，穿上舒适的鞋子，在爱丁堡历史悠久的街道上进行两小时的徒步旅行)”可知，游客被建议穿着适合苏格兰气候的衣服，穿上舒适的鞋子。故选A项。 B 【答案】24.B 25.C 26.C 27.D 【解析】24.细节理解题。根据第一段中“I didn’t know how my father would feel if he recovered consciousness and had a hole in his throat for the rest of his life. Ultimately, I declined. This experience made me even less willing to be vulnerable (脆弱的) and honest about my struggles of making big decisions.(我不知道如果我父亲恢复了意识，喉咙上有个洞，度过余生，他会作何感想。最终，我拒绝了)”可知，作者拒绝父亲的咽喉手术是因为他不确定父亲手术后的感受。故选B项。 25.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The response was immediate and powerful. My connections with students deepened and I could instruct them on a new level. I changed nothing about the way I delivered course material, but student exam scores improved, as did my teaching evaluations.(学生的反应是迅速而有力的。我与学生的联系加深了，我可以在一个新的层次上指导他们。虽然我授课的方式没有变化，但学生的考试成绩提高了，我的教学评价也提高了)”可知，在作者分享了的过去经历之后，他与学生之间的联系加深了，他能够在新的层次上指导学生，学生的考试成绩也有所提高。这表明学生在听了作者的分享后，对学习变得更加投入和进行了更积极的反应。故选C项。 26.推理判断题。根据第三段中作者的话“Vulnerability is really hard. It involves sharing of yourself as fully as you are able to, including admitting wrongdoing and acknowledging that you can’t always be your best self. Far from being a sign of weakness, it requires a ton of strength.(展现脆弱真的很难。它需要你尽自己所能充分地分享自己，包括承认错误和认识到自己并不总是处于最佳状态。这绝不是软弱的表现，而是需要巨大的勇气)”可推知，作者想表达的是展现脆弱是一件困难的事情，但它不是软弱的表现，而是勇气的展示。故选C项。 27.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是结合第一段中“This experience made me even less willing to be vulnerable (脆弱的) and honest about my struggles of making big decisions.(这段经历让我更不愿意脆弱和诚实地面对自己在做重大决定时的挣扎)”和最后一段中“Exposing your imperfections, connecting with students on a deeper level and creating space for them to grow will always be challenging, but it is worth it. I cannot know everything that is going on in every student’s life, but I can always choose compassion.(暴露你的不完美，与学生建立更深层次的联系，为他们的成长创造空间，这总是具有挑战性的，但这是值得的。我不可能知道每一个学生生活中的每一件事，但我总是可以选择同情)”可知，文章讨论了作者的个人经历和思考，内容侧重于个人经历、情感脆弱性和个人成长，这些都是生活故事或回忆录中的常见元素，所以本文是一则人生故事。故选D项。 C 【答案】28.B 29.D 30.A 31.C 【解析】28.细节理解题。由第二段中“My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, as soon as she became a widow, devoted herself to women’s higher education. She was the co-founders of Girton College. (我的外祖母在有了九个幸存的孩子后，一成为寡妇就投身于女子高等教育。她是格顿学院的联合创始人)”可知，作者的外祖母和其他人一起建立了格顿学院。故选B项。 29.细节理解题。由第二段中“She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his sorrow and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. (她曾经讲述过她是如何在意大利遇到一位看起来很悲伤的老先生的。她问他悲伤的原因，他说他刚和两个孙子分手)”可知，外祖母问这位先生，是因为她想知道他为什么那么伤心。故选D项。 30.细节理解题。由最后一段中“This, I think, is the proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical (统计学的) fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable shortness of your future. (我认为，这是保持年轻的正确方法。如果你有广泛而敏锐的兴趣和活动，在这些兴趣和活动中你仍然可以发挥作用，你就没有理由仅仅考虑你已经活了多少年的统计事实，更不用说你未来可能会很短暂了)”可知，作者认为保持年轻的正确方法是保持广泛兴趣并积极参与。故选A项。 31.推理判断题。由第一段中“My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. (我的第一个建议是仔细选择你的祖先。尽管我的父母都英年早逝，但在这方面，我的其他祖先做得很好)”和“Of remote ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off. (在遥远的祖先中，我只发现一个活得不长的人，他死于一种现在很罕见的疾病，那就是被砍头)”及全文可推断，作者这篇文章的写作风格是幽默的（Humorous）。故选C项。 D 【答案】32.B 33.D 34.A 35.B 【解析】32.词句猜测题。根据第一段“More time in the green is associated with lower blood pressure, strengthened immune systems,…risk of heart disease and improved sleep(在绿色环境中花费更多时间与降低血压、增强免疫系统、……心脏病风险和改善睡眠有关)”可知，此处在讲多接触绿色环境对健康的好处，应该是降低心脏病风险，“alleviated”在此处意为“减轻；缓解”，与“eased”意思相近。故选B项。 33.细节理解题。根据第二段“In a 2024 study, Maddock and his colleagues looked at outpatient mental health service usage, mostly for depression, anxiety or stress, across 1,169 zip codes in Texas(在2024年的一项研究中，Maddock 和他的同事观察了德克萨斯州1169个邮政编码地区的门诊心理健康服务使用情况，主要是针对抑郁、焦虑或压力)”可知，Maddock和他的同事是通过观察的方法获得研究结果的。故选D项。 34.细节理解题。根据第三段“A 2024 experiment that had nearly 100 participants offers support for the idea: the researchers found that a 40-minute walk in nature enhanced people's ability to adjust higher-level cognitive functions—such as problem-solving and multitasking—more than a 40-minute walk in an urban environment did.(2024 年一项有近 100名参与者的实验为这一观点提供了支持：研究人员发现，在自然中散步40分钟比在城市环境中散步40分钟更能增强人们调整更高层次认知功能的能力，如解决问题和多任务处理能力)”可知，2024年有100名参与者的实验表明了走进大自然可以让人精神振奋。故选A项。 35.细节理解题。根据最后一段““I see how stressed they are, especially during exams,” she says. “I tell them, ‘Go out for a walk.’”(她说：“我看到他们压力有多大，尤其是在考试期间。”“我告诉他们，‘出去走走。’)”可知，Jimenez 让学生出去散步是为了减轻他们的压力。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 【答案】36.B 37.E 38.A 39.F 40.D 【解析】36.由上文“A quick browse of the FitTok tag reveals our madness with maximum fitness—couples lifting one another overhead, mums sprinting from room to room with pushchairs, which can make the average gymgoer feel hopeless. (快速浏览一下FitTok标签，就会发现我们对最大健身的疯狂——情侣们在头顶上互相举起，妈妈们拿着婴儿车从一个房间跑到另一个房间，这会让普通的健身者感到绝望。)”可知，这里主要讲一些疯狂健身举动让普通的健身者望而却步。而B项It doesn’t have to be all or nothing, however.(然而，这并不一定是要么彻底干完，要么根本不干。)符合语境，其中however表示本句与上文形成转折关系，有承上作用。故选B项。 37.由上文“‘As a general standard your diet should consist of 20-30 per cent fat, 40-50 per cent carbs and25-30 per cent protein,’ says Farren Morgan, a military fitness coach. (军事健身教练法伦·摩根说：‘一般来说，你的饮食应该包括20%至30%的脂肪、40%至50%的碳水化合物和25%至30%的蛋白质。’)”可知，这里主要讲应该怎样搭配膳食，而E项Get this right, and drink certain amount of water a day, and your body should adapt quickly.(做到这一点，每天喝一定量的水，你的身体应该很快适应。)符合语境，其中this代指前文的膳食搭配，有承上作用。故选E项。 38.由下文“Alternating a minute running with a minute walking is fine to begin with. Once you can run for 20 minutes, try to push for30.(一开始，交替一分钟跑步和一分钟步行是很好的。一旦你能跑20分钟，试着推30分钟。)”可知，这里主要讲延长跑步时间，而A项Aim for three 20-minute training a week.(目标是每周进行三次20分钟的训练。)符合语境，其中20-minute training与下文 run for 20 minutes对应，a week与上文weekly对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选A项。 39.由上文“Spending all day at a desk can lead to tight hips, which may then lead to pain in the lower back and shoulders,(整天坐在办公桌前会导致臀部紧绷，进而导致下背部和肩部疼痛，)”这里主要讲整天坐在办公桌对下背部和肩部的坏处，而F项Yoga and Pilates can help, as well as taking regular breaks or investing in a standing desk.(瑜伽和普拉提可以起到帮助作用，还可以定期休息或投资一张立式办公桌。)符合句意，其中can help主要针对上句所提到的问题，所以有承上作用。故选F项。 40.由上文“Studies have found that activity trackers can help people develop healthy routines over the long term, and that it always takes about 66 days to form a lasting habit.(研究发现，运动追踪设备可以帮助人们长期养成健康的习惯，养成一个持久的习惯通常需要66天左右。)”可知，这里主要讲运动追踪设备可帮助人们长期养成健康的习惯，而D项Use the True Coach app to track your goals and receive personalized feedback.(使用True Coach应用程序跟踪您的目标并接收个性化反馈。)符合语境，其中track 与上文trackers 对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 【答案】41.A 42.B 43.B 44.A 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.C 51.A 52.C 53.D 54.B 55.D 【解析】41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个秋天的晚上，我发现苏珊不见了。A. missing失踪的；B. injured受伤的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. asleep睡着的。根据下文的“she was gone”可知，苏珊失踪了，故选A项。 42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：等我意识到她不见了之后，布兰顿正舒服地坐在沙发上和朋友一起看他最喜欢的电视节目。A. argued争论；B. realized意识到；C. compared比较；D. agreed同意。根据上文的“I thought she was in the house at first.”可知，妈妈起初以为苏珊在屋子里，后来才意识到苏珊不见了，故选B项。 43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我搜索每个房间都找不到苏珊之后，我开始感到害怕。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. delighted高兴的；D. tired疲倦的。根据下文的“It was dark by then, and she was only 5.”可知，天黑了而且苏珊很小，妈妈会害怕苏珊出事情，故选B项。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们乡下的房子周围有很多树林。A. woods树林；B. villages村庄；C. houses房子；D. mountains山。根据下文的“As we headed up the big path into the woods.”可知，苏珊家房子周围有树林，故选A项。 45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地不暴露我的焦虑，宣布“苏珊不见了”。A. anger愤怒；B. secret秘密；C. anxiety焦虑；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文的“Susan is gone.”及常识可知，女儿不见了，妈妈会感到焦虑，故选C项。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过短暂的停顿，布兰顿转身看着我。A. laughed笑；B. shook摇动；C. shouted喊叫；D. turned转动。根据上文的“By the time I...she was gone, Branton was comfortably on the sofa watching his favorite television program with a friend.”可知，布兰顿当时在看电视，听到妈妈说的话后转向妈妈的方向看去，故选D项。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我重复说道，“我找不到苏珊了”。A. repeated重复 ；B. prayed祈祷；C. announced宣布；D. scolded责骂。根据上文的“Susan is gone.”可知，苏珊不见了，妈妈说出“I can’t find Susan.”是在重复表达苏珊不见了，故选A项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“起来，杰夫，”他命令道，“我们得找到苏珊。快点。”A. persuaded说服；B. suggested建议；C. commanded命令；D. blamed责备。根据上文的“Get up, Jeff.”可知，布兰顿是在命令杰夫起来一起去找苏珊，故选C项。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两分钟之内，他按响了两个门铃，询问邻居们是否知道他妹妹在哪里。A. teachers教师；B. classmates同学；C. workers工人；D. neighbors邻居。根据上文的“Within two minutes he’d rung two doorbells.”和常识可知，在很短的时间内布兰顿只能按响邻居家的门铃，故选D项。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：布兰顿依然全速奔跑着，从我面前经过，喊着“苏珊，苏珊。”A. cost花费；B. height高度；C. speed速度；D. trip旅行。根据上文的““I’ll find her,” he said running to the door.”可知，布兰顿此时快速奔跑着寻找妹妹的下落，at top speed意为“以最快的速度”，故选C项。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们朝着通往树林的大道走去时，我听到了一个孩子哭喊的声音。A. crying哭泣；B. going去；C. leaving离开；D. dying死亡。根据下文的“I tried to comfort her.”可知，苏珊在哭泣，故选A项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图安慰她我们即将到来，同时努力避免摔倒在泥泞的土地上。A. imagine想象；B. risk冒险；C. avoid避免；D. enjoy享受。根据上文的“As we headed up the big path into the woods.”和下文的“in the mud”可知，一行人走在泥泞的路上要避免摔倒，故选C项。 53.考查形容词短语辨析。句意：与此同时，布兰顿跑在前面，似乎对一切都无所畏惧。A. interested in对……感兴趣；B. familiar with熟悉；C. crazy about热爱；D. afraid of害怕。根据下文的“In another minute he had her in his arms.”可知，布兰顿急切地要找到妹妹，因此他不怕摔倒，不怕任何东西，故选D项。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我靠近时，我听到他一遍又一遍地问道：“苏珊，你没事吧？”A. called称呼；B. approached靠近；C. greeted问候；D. discovered发现。根据上文的“Branton ran on ahead”可知，布兰顿跑在妈妈的前面去迎接妹妹，因此妈妈走近他们身边时才会听到布兰顿说的话，故选B项。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我告诉经常遭受布兰顿戏弄的苏珊，我们都应该知道布兰顿对我们真正的感受。A. thanked感谢；B. valued重视；C. accepted接受；D. suffered遭受。根据上文的“Branton, who was then eight and totally unkind to his little sister, Susan.”可知，在以前布兰顿对苏珊不友好，即苏珊遭受布兰顿戏弄。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 【答案】56.varieties 57.strikingly 58.giving 59.the 60.to express 61.which 62.has had 63.on 64.traditional 65.are worn 【解析】56.考查名词。句意：唐装在中国文化中有两种变化，在风格上有显著的不同。two后用名词复数，以及根据下面的“One refers to one... 　 other refers to”可知，这是两种变化。故填varieties。 57.考查副词。句意：唐装在中国文化中有两种变化，在风格上有显著的不同。副词修饰形容词different，作状语。故填strikingly。 58.考查非谓语动词。句意：一种是指从汉服发展而来的真正的唐代服装，给人一种洒脱优雅的印象；谓语动词是refers，give和谓语之间没有连词，用非谓语动词形式，和前面的事情是主动关系，用现在分词。故填giving。 59.考查冠词。句意：另一种指的是清朝马褂发展而来的满族男性夹克，它吸收了西式西装的剪裁方法而制成。表示特指，另一种变化，用定冠词the。故填the。 60.考查非谓语动词。句意：唐装的一个典型设计采用了“福”、“寿”等汉字来表示好运和祝福，在中国人中非常流行。谓语动词是employs，和express之间没有连词，用非谓语动词，表示目的用动词不定式。故填to express。 61.考查定语从句。句意：唐装的一个典型设计采用了“福”、“寿”等汉字来表示好运和祝福，在中国人中非常流行。指代前面一件事，在从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 62.考查动词时态语态。句意：唐装至今对其他国家的服装风格有很大的影响。up till now是现在完成时的提示词，谓语动词用现在完成时。故填has had。 63.考查介词。句意：日本和服是在唐代旗袍的基础上制成的，它已成为日本的民族服装。on the basis of表示“以...为基础”。故填on。 64.考查形容词。句意：唐装是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，海外华人每年都会在春节期间穿唐装，这吸引了许多外国人在春节期间穿唐装。形容词修饰名词culture，作定语。故填traditional。 65.考查动词时态语态。句意：唐装是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，海外华人每年都会在春节期间穿唐装，这吸引了许多外国人在春节期间穿唐装。主语Tang suits 后面确实谓语，描述事实用一般现在时，唐装和穿是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动，主语是名词复数，故填are worn。 第四部分 写作 (共两节， 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 66.【答案】 How to Keep a Sense of Relaxation under Academic Pressure In today’s competitive academic environment, high school students often struggle with immense pressure. However, maintaining a sense of relaxation is vital for efficient learning. To achieve this, students should prioritize time management. Creating a balanced schedule that includes study sessions interspersed with short breaks can help maintain focus and reduce fatigue. Additionally, engaging in hobbies or physical activities after school can serve as a much-needed outlet for stress, promoting relaxation and improving overall well-being. By incorporating these strategies, students can enjoy a more relaxed learning experience, leading to improved concentration, creativity, and overall academic performance. 【解析】1.词汇积累 保持：maintain→ keep 至关重要的：vital→ crucial 有效率的：efficient→ effective 减少：reduce→ decrease 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：However, maintaining a sense of relaxation is vital for efficient learning. 拓展句：However,  it is vital to maintain a sense of relaxation for efficient learning. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】However, maintaining a sense of relaxation is vital for efficient learning.（运用了动名词短语作主语） 【高分句型2】To achieve this, students should prioritize time management.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 67.【答案】参考范文 Hesitating for a second, the manager agreed, “Just do it, and I’ll take all responsibilities.” He handed her the tools she needed, watching in disbelief as Catalina confidently began to work. Her fingers moved swiftly, each part fitting perfectly into place as if guided by an unseen force. Minutes ticked by, and the tension in the air thickened with every successful turn of the screw. Thunderous applause erupted and rocked the hall. When Catalina finished, the telescope stood tall and proud, restored to its former glory. The manager beamed, his doubts vanished. “How did you do it?” he asked, amazement coloring his voice. Catalina smiled, her eyes shining with determination. “I’ve been preparing for this moment ever since Papá gave me this telescope. I knew I could fix it because I know every part of it, just like I know every star in the sky.” That day, Catalina not only fixed the telescope but also proved to everyone that she was destined to become a great astronomer. 【解析】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“经理犹豫了一下，同意了：‘去做吧，我会承担所有的责任。’”可知，第一段可描写卡塔琳娜修理望远镜的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“雷鸣般的掌声爆发了，震动了大厅”可知，第二段可描写卡塔琳娜得到了他人和经理的称赞，以及卡塔琳娜解释为什么自己会修理。 2.续写线索：经理同意——开始修理——修理完成——鼓掌——解释原因——卡塔琳娜感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①恢复：restore/regain ②修理：fix/repair ③消失：vanish/disappear 情绪类 ①紧张：tension /stress ②惊讶：amazement/surprise 【点睛】[高分句型1] He handed her the tools she needed, watching in disbelief as Catalina confidently began to work. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] When Catalina finished, the telescope stood tall and proud, restored to its former glory. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) 第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页 高二期末英语试卷 第 page number 页（共 number of pages 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$