教材知识全梳理20人教版2019必修一Unit3Sports and Fitness（词汇短语句式）-2025届高三英语一轮复习闯关攻略

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 词汇 核心单词 1. fitness　　 n. 健康; 健壮; 适合 2. sweat vt. 使出汗vi. 出汗n. 汗水; 出汗 3. legend n. 传奇故事(或人物); 传说 4. master n. 高手; 主人vt. 精通; 掌握 5. apart adv. 分离; 分开; 成碎片 6. strength n. 力量; 体力 7. pretend vi. &vt. 假装; 装扮 8. cheat vi. 作弊vt. 欺骗n. 欺骗手段; 骗子 9. positive adj. 积极的; 正面的; 乐观的; 肯定的 10. diet n. 规定饮食; 日常饮食vi. 节食 拓展单词 1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸vt. 给予表扬→honourable adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的 2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的 3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号 4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→determination n. 决心; 决定→determined adj. 有决心的 5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→injury n. 损伤; 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的→injurious adj. 有害的 6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→graceful adj. 优美的; 优雅的→gracious adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的 7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→failure n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物) 8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→competitor n. 竞争者; 对手→competitive adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的 9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressed adj. 紧张的; 感到有压力的→stressful adj. 有压力的 10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→athletic adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的 短语 1. come along 跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快  2. make it 获得成功; 准时到达  3. fall apart 破裂; 破碎; 崩溃  4. lose heart 丧失信心; 泄气  5. give up 放弃; 投降  6. make sense 有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚  7. even if/though 即使; 虽然  8. make a difference 有作用或影响  9. rather than 而不是  10. cut. . . out 停止做; 剪下 句式 1.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 一个足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 2.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. 一旦我开始思考身体是否健康而不是体重，事情开始发生了变化。(教材P42) 3．The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 4．Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”，I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”． 我不再说“我想减掉3千克”，而是说“我想在8分钟内跑2千米”或“我希望能坐30个俯卧撑”。 5．By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and healthier. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 6. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 教材话题题型综合训练 词性转换（一） 1．confirm v. 证实，证明→ n. 证实;确认 2．crowd n. 人群→ adj. 拥挤的 3．fail vi. & amp; vt. 失败;不及格;使失望→ n. 失败 4．aware adj. 意识到的;知道的→ adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的→ n.知道，认识;意识 5．cloth n. 布→ n. 衣服→ n.(总称)衣服 6．wool n. 羊毛，毛织物→ adj. 羊毛的 7．bleed v. 流血→ n. 流血，失血→ n. 血 8．injure vt. 损害;伤害→ n. 伤，损害 9．permit v. 允许，准许，许可→ n. 许可;允许 10．relate v. 相联系，有关联;讲述→ n. 关系，联系;亲属;亲戚→ n. 关系;关联 词性转换（二） 11．fit adj. 适合的；健康的 vt.& vi. 适合 → adj.不适合的→ n. 健康；健壮；适合 12．honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸；v.尊敬；尊重→ adj.可敬的；体面的→ adj.受尊敬的 13．strong adj.强壮的→ n. 力量；体力；强项→ v. 增强 14．stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 → adj. 产生压力的；压力重的；有压力的（指物）→ adj.焦虑不安的；感到有压力的（指人） 词性转换（三） 15．significance n．重要性，意义→ adj.重要的，影响深远的 16．injury n．伤;损害→ v．使受伤，弄伤 17．chemistry n．化学→ n．化学家;药剂师;药房 18．biology n．生理;生物学→ n．生物学家 19．accuracy n．精确度，准确度→ adj.精确的 20．minority n．少数→ adj.小的 21．original adj.最初的，原始的→ n．起源，起因 22．mentally adv. 精神上，智力上→ adj. 精神的;脑力的 完成句子 23．I joined a gymnastics club to (锻炼) and improve my fitness level while learning new skills. 24．To enjoy the scenery, Bob would spend long time on the train (而不是) travel by air. 25． (与⋯⋯相比) modern communication, writing letters has its own advantages. 26．These workers preferred to work extra hours on the weekend (而不是)leave the work until the next week. 27．We refused to   (放弃) when faced with difficulties. 28．Losing a competition can be discouraging, but it’s essential not to (泄气) and keep pushing forward. 29．It doesn’t (有道理) to continue investing in a failing business. 30．I’ll never (丧失信心) even if I should fail ten times. 31．With blood pouring from his leg, he (准时到达) to a nearby house at last. 32．A soccer player should not (假装)fall down even if it helps his team. 阅读理解 Pilates, yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits—walking. Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains, “What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level. Plus, it is good for your heart, your head and your wallet.” A recent report details the health benefits of walking.The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week, recommended by the UK’s chief medical officer, could save 37, 000 lives each year. Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running. They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a six­year period and found that walking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%, while running reduced it by 4.5%. And there is even more good news: 30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily, according to research by Oregon State University. The study by the university showed that walking helped participants sleep better and feel more alert during the day. The sooner you get started, the sooner you’ll notice the differences in your mind and body. So, go out for your 30­minute walk in a nearby park or green space. 33．What does the underlined word “humble” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．simple B．relaxing C．popular D．active 34．What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking? A．It’s loved by people of all ages. B．It’s much healthier than running. C．It’s a money­saving physical exercise. D．It’s becoming more and more popular. 35．What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find? A．Walking helps people with sleep problems. B．Walking contributes to curing heart disease. C．Walking 150 minutes per week can save lives. D．Walking is better than running in some cases. 36．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Comment. B．Lifestyle. C．Education. D．Science. 七选五 Walking has been considered as one kind of rewarding exercise. For many people, daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits. 37 A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. 38 You’ve probably heard the phrase “exercise your creativity”. Our creative mindset is stirred up by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking. But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. 39 Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you haven’t even noticed before. Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels. 40 Research has shown that getting close to nature around your neighborhood or taking a break from multimedia increases performance on a creative problem-solving task. So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors? 41 For example, you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder. A．Unfortunately, you often fail to do it. B．Expose yourself more to your surroundings. C．The movement during walking is obviously key. D．Without enough energy, you cannot wonder or create. E．But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest. F．This habit, however, not only benefits well-being but also contributes to innovation. G．Wandering around a park and observing people relaxing or birds singing is also a choice. 完形填空 A few years ago, I felt like a true failure. I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight, but not making 42 . At that time, I spent hours every day working out to my videos and was still 43 . I thought I was meant to be overweight forever and there was no need to 44 it. I needed a 45 of heart and mind. That change came in the most 46 way. It came with running. After dinner on Thanksgiving, I went out for a 47 with my family. I had turned my little MP3 player on and was 48 the music when my favorite song came on. I felt like dancing, but that was impossible, for I had my children with me. So I caught the speed a bit and started to run slowly. I was quite 49 with my burst of activity. What was more surprising was that I 50 the next morning and went out again. After running, I felt strong and 51 at the same time. I 52 the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago and decided that I wanted more of that. I 53 up for a spring race and practiced hard for it. 54 my weight is still heavier than what I would like, I no longer care about it. I try to stay more focused on my life. Most 55 , my workouts are less than an hour per day and I take Sundays off completely. My 56 is to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight. 42．A．mistakes B．friends C．sense D．progress 43．A．strong B．fat C．young D．short 44．A．admire B．observe C．threaten D．fight 45．A．change B．record C．test D．system 46．A．formal B．difficult C．unexpected D．confusing 47．A．picnic B．meal C．movie D．walk 48．A．teaching B．studying C．enjoying D．creating 49．A．disappointed B．pleased C．careful D．bored 50．A．got up B．broke down C．checked out D．came back 51．A．curious B．annoyed C．frightened D．calm 52．A．organized B．recalled C．demanded D．expressed 53．A．made B．signed C．turned D．ended 54．A．In case B．Soon after C．Even though D．As if 55．A．suddenly B．extremely C．importantly D．unusually 56．A．goal B．limit C．struggle D．failure 单句语法填空 57．Eager to save the boy, he pushed against the rock with all his (strong). 58．No matter what difficulties we are faced with; we always have the to solve them. (determine) 59．Part of Lang Ping’s success is due to her strong (determine) 60．The mental (strong) that Michael Jordan showed made him unique. 61．She often swims to build up the (strong) of her arms. 62．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. 63．Unfortunately, he suffered serious (injure) to the head and legs in the traffic accident. 64．Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his (failure). 65．Everyone admires her strength of character and (determine). 66．After graduation, I decided to make a to our society, so I became a volunteer teacher and was sent to a remote village. (different) 67．Hard work leads to success and (fail) lies in laziness. 68．If my father makes up his mind to do something, nothing can change his mind. He is really a man of (determine). 69．None of the passengers and crew were (injure). 70．Alice looks much (slim) than before . How did she manage to lose weight? 71．He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and (determine). 语篇填空 Tai Chi is par of China’s traditional culture. It is a unique type of Chinese kung fu marked with slow and gentle movements 72 are designed for self-protection, strengthening of body and prevention of diseases. Tai Chi’s movements with deep breathing and relaxation can help promote inner peace and calm, so it is suitable 73 people of different ages. Tai Chi 74 (date) back as far as 2, 500 years. It is said that Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, invented Tai Chi after watching 75 fight between a snake and a bird. However, more people tend to believe that Tai Chi 76 (develop) on the basis of martial arts skills by Chen Wangting, a l7th-century master of Chinese martial arts.   In general, it is believed that Tai Chi can slow down aging, strengthen muscles, and aid in the treatment of heart disease, skin diseases and many other 77 (illness). Besides, Tai Chi can improve mood if people are worried or depressed. According to some studies, 78 (practice) Tai Chi on a daily basis can also help people get a 79 (good) sleep. With so many benefits of Tai Chi, more and more people begin to pick up this 80 (amaze) Chinese traditional sport to improve the quality of 81 (they) life. 应用文写作 假定你是校英语戏剧社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语戏剧表演赛因故推迟，请你给担任评委的外教Katherine写邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 说明理由； 3. 后续调整。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Katherine, I’m Li Hua, leader of the English drama club. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 词汇 核心单词 1. fitness　　 n. 健康; 健壮; 适合 2. sweat vt. 使出汗vi. 出汗n. 汗水; 出汗 3. legend n. 传奇故事(或人物); 传说 4. master n. 高手; 主人vt. 精通; 掌握 5. apart adv. 分离; 分开; 成碎片 6. strength n. 力量; 体力 7. pretend vi. &vt. 假装; 装扮 8. cheat vi. 作弊vt. 欺骗n. 欺骗手段; 骗子 9. positive adj. 积极的; 正面的; 乐观的; 肯定的 10. diet n. 规定饮食; 日常饮食vi. 节食 拓展单词 1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸vt. 给予表扬→honourable adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的 2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的 3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号 4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→determination n. 决心; 决定→determined adj. 有决心的 5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→injury n. 损伤; 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的→injurious adj. 有害的 6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→graceful adj. 优美的; 优雅的→gracious adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的 7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→failure n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物) 8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→competitor n. 竞争者; 对手→competitive adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的 9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressed adj. 紧张的; 感到有压力的→stressful adj. 有压力的 10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→athletic adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的 短语 1. come along 跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快  2. make it 获得成功; 准时到达  3. fall apart 破裂; 破碎; 崩溃  4. lose heart 丧失信心; 泄气  5. give up 放弃; 投降  6. make sense 有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚  7. even if/though 即使; 虽然  8. make a difference 有作用或影响  9. rather than 而不是  10. cut. . . out 停止做; 剪下 句式 1.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 一个足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 2.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. 一旦我开始思考身体是否健康而不是体重，事情开始发生了变化。(教材P42) 3．The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 4．Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”，I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”． 我不再说“我想减掉3千克”，而是说“我想在8分钟内跑2千米”或“我希望能坐30个俯卧撑”。 5．By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and healthier. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 6. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 教材话题题型综合训练 词性转换（一） 1．confirm v. 证实，证明→ n. 证实;确认 2．crowd n. 人群→ adj. 拥挤的 3．fail vi. & amp; vt. 失败;不及格;使失望→ n. 失败 4．aware adj. 意识到的;知道的→ adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的→ n.知道，认识;意识 5．cloth n. 布→ n. 衣服→ n.(总称)衣服 6．wool n. 羊毛，毛织物→ adj. 羊毛的 7．bleed v. 流血→ n. 流血，失血→ n. 血 8．injure vt. 损害;伤害→ n. 伤，损害 9．permit v. 允许，准许，许可→ n. 许可;允许 10．relate v. 相联系，有关联;讲述→ n. 关系，联系;亲属;亲戚→ n. 关系;关联 【答案】 1．confirmation 2．crowded 3．failure 4． unaware awareness 5． clothes clothing 6．woolen 7． bleeding blood 8．injury 9．permission 10． relation relationship 词性转换（二） 11．fit adj. 适合的；健康的 vt.& vi. 适合 → adj.不适合的→ n. 健康；健壮；适合 12．honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸；v.尊敬；尊重→ adj.可敬的；体面的→ adj.受尊敬的 13．strong adj.强壮的→ n. 力量；体力；强项→ v. 增强 14．stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 → adj. 产生压力的；压力重的；有压力的（指物）→ adj.焦虑不安的；感到有压力的（指人） 【答案】11． unfit fitness 12． honourable honoured 13． strength strengthen 14． stressful stressed 词性转换（三） 15．significance n．重要性，意义→ adj.重要的，影响深远的 16．injury n．伤;损害→ v．使受伤，弄伤 17．chemistry n．化学→ n．化学家;药剂师;药房 18．biology n．生理;生物学→ n．生物学家 19．accuracy n．精确度，准确度→ adj.精确的 20．minority n．少数→ adj.小的 21．original adj.最初的，原始的→ n．起源，起因 22．mentally adv. 精神上，智力上→ adj. 精神的;脑力的 【答案】15．significant 16．injure 17．chemist 18．biologist 19．accurate 20．minor 21．origin 22．mental 完成句子 23．I joined a gymnastics club to (锻炼) and improve my fitness level while learning new skills. 【答案】 work out 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我参加了一个体操俱乐部，在学习新技能的同时锻炼身体，提高自己的健康水平。根据汉语提示和所给空数可知，空处可用动词短语work out，且空前的to为不定式标志词，work应用原形。故填①work；②out。 24．To enjoy the scenery, Bob would spend long time on the train (而不是) travel by air. 【答案】 rather than 【详解】考查连词。句意：为了欣赏风景，鲍勃宁愿花很长时间坐火车而不是坐飞机旅行。“而不是”连接并列谓语动词，用连词rather than，符合句意。故填rather than。 25． (与⋯⋯相比) modern communication, writing letters has its own advantages. 【答案】 Compared with 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：与现代通信相比，写信有其自身的优势。根据句子结构，表示“与⋯⋯相比”应用动词短语compare with，动词compare和主语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。句首字母大写，故填①Compared；②with。 26．These workers preferred to work extra hours on the weekend (而不是)leave the work until the next week. 【答案】rather than 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这些工人宁愿周末加班，也不愿把工作留到下星期。根据汉语提示可知为句型prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿……也不愿……”。故填rather than。 27．We refused to   (放弃) when faced with difficulties. 【答案】 give up 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们在困难面前不放弃。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up，由空前的We refused to可知，应填动词原形，不定式作宾语。故填give up。 28．Losing a competition can be discouraging, but it’s essential not to (泄气) and keep pushing forward. 【答案】lose heart 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：输掉比赛可能会令人沮丧，但重要的是不要灰心并继续前进。“泄气”为固定搭配lose heart，由it be+形容词+to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此lose应用原形，故填lose heart。 29．It doesn’t (有道理) to continue investing in a failing business. 【答案】make sense 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：继续投资于一个失败的企业是没有道理的。make sense to do sth.“做某事有道理”。根据助动词doesn’t可知，用动词原形，与doesn’t 一起构成一般现在时的否定形式。故填make sense。 30．I’ll never (丧失信心) even if I should fail ten times. 【答案】lose heart 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：即使我失败十次，我也不会灰心。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语使用动词，根据汉语提示，表示“丧失信心”含义的动词短语为：lose heart，因空白处前面有助动词will，所以空白处应填动词原形，故填lose heart。 31．With blood pouring from his leg, he (准时到达) to a nearby house at last. 【答案】made it 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：鲜血从腿上流出来，他终于来到了附近的一所房子。根据汉语意思可知设空处是固定短语make it，根据语境可知应用一般过去时，故填made it。 32．A soccer player should not (假装)fall down even if it helps his team. 【答案】pretend to 【详解】考查动词。句意：足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这有助于他的球队。结合句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查固定短语pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”，情态动词should后接动词原形，空后为动词原形fall down，所以此处应为pretend to。故填pretend to。 阅读理解 Pilates, yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits—walking. Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains, “What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level. Plus, it is good for your heart, your head and your wallet.” A recent report details the health benefits of walking.The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week, recommended by the UK’s chief medical officer, could save 37, 000 lives each year. Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running. They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a six­year period and found that walking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%, while running reduced it by 4.5%. And there is even more good news: 30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily, according to research by Oregon State University. The study by the university showed that walking helped participants sleep better and feel more alert during the day. The sooner you get started, the sooner you’ll notice the differences in your mind and body. So, go out for your 30­minute walk in a nearby park or green space. 33．What does the underlined word “humble” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．simple B．relaxing C．popular D．active 34．What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking? A．It’s loved by people of all ages. B．It’s much healthier than running. C．It’s a money­saving physical exercise. D．It’s becoming more and more popular. 35．What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find? A．Walking helps people with sleep problems. B．Walking contributes to curing heart disease. C．Walking 150 minutes per week can save lives. D．Walking is better than running in some cases. 36．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Comment. B．Lifestyle. C．Education. D．Science. 【答案】33．A 34．C 35．D 36．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了步行作为一种简单却有效的锻炼方式，它适合所有年龄段和健康水平的人。 33．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Pilates, yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits—walking.(说到保持健康的流行方式，普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机得到了所有人的关注。然而，有一种更humble的运动可能没有那么吸引人，但却有所有的好处——步行。)”可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到流行的普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，另外有一种不太引人注目的运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。步行和所提到其他运动相比，是比较简单的，由此可推知，画线词和“simple(简单的)”意义相近。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据第二段中的““What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level. Plus, it is good for your heart, your head and your wallet.”(“我喜欢散步的原因是，任何人在任何年龄、任何健康水平都可以做。此外，它对你的心脏、大脑和钱包都有好处。”)”可知，Jolynn Jaekel认为步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句中的“Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running. (加州劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室的科学家发现，快走比跑步更有效地降低患心脏病的风险。)”以及后文的“They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a sixyear period and found that walking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%, while running reduced it by 4.5%. (他们在六年的时间里观察了年龄在18岁到80岁之间的参与者，发现走路能降低9.3%患心脏病的风险，而跑步能降低4.5%。)”可知，将步行和跑步从几个方面进行的对比来看，前者优于后者，即在某些情况下，走路比跑步好。故选D。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段“Pilates, yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits—walking.(说到保持健康的流行方式，普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机得到了所有人的关注。然而，有一种更简单的运动可能没有那么吸引人，但却有所有的好处——步行。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式——步行。由此可推知，可从报纸上介绍生活方式的版块读到该文章。故选B。 七选五 Walking has been considered as one kind of rewarding exercise. For many people, daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits. 37 A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. 38 You’ve probably heard the phrase “exercise your creativity”. Our creative mindset is stirred up by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking. But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. 39 Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you haven’t even noticed before. Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels. 40 Research has shown that getting close to nature around your neighborhood or taking a break from multimedia increases performance on a creative problem-solving task. So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors? 41 For example, you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder. A．Unfortunately, you often fail to do it. B．Expose yourself more to your surroundings. C．The movement during walking is obviously key. D．Without enough energy, you cannot wonder or create. E．But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest. F．This habit, however, not only benefits well-being but also contributes to innovation. G．Wandering around a park and observing people relaxing or birds singing is also a choice. 【答案】37．F 38．C 39．G 40．E 41．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了散步不仅对身心健康有好处，还有助于激发创造力。 37．根据上文“Walking has been considered as one kind if rewarding exercises. For many people, daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits.(散步被认为是一种有益的运动。对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处。)”和下文“A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，参与者在走路时比坐着时更有创造力。)”可知，此处是指散步不仅对身心健康有好处，还有助于创造。F项：This habit, however, not only benefits well-being but also contributes to innovation.(然而，这种习惯不仅有益于健康，而且有助于创新。)符合语境。故选F。 38．根据下文“Our creative mindset is stirred by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.(我们的创造性思维是由身体运动激发的，这就是为什么和你的狗、朋友或独自散步能激发创造性思维的原因。)”可知，此处是指散步带来的身体运动是激发创造力的关键。C项：The movement during walking is obviously key.(走路时的动作显然是关键。)符合语境。故选C。 39．根据上文“You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood.(你可以穿过绿树成荫的社区。)”和下文“Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you haven’t even noticed before.(即使当你走在繁忙的街道上，你也会忍不住被食品车散发出的甜味或孩子指着一栋你以前从未注意到的建筑分散注意力。)”可知，空处和上下文一起提供了具体的户外活动选择。G项：Wandering around a park and observing people relaxing or birds singing is also a choice.(在公园里闲逛，观察人们放松或鸟儿唱歌也是一个选择。)符合语境。故选G。 40．根据上文“Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels.(在户外散步可以培养我们收集新想法的能力，也可以吸收新的景象、声音、气味和味道。Shinrin-yoku是日本一种常见的放松方式，它建议在森林里，在树中间散步，可以降低你的压力水平。)”和下文“Research has shown that getting close to nature around your neighborhood or the taking a break from multimedia increased performance on a creative problem-solving task.(研究表明，在你的社区附近接近大自然，或者从多媒体中休息一下，可以提高你在解决创造性问题时的表现。)”可知，也不是一定要在森林里才能得到这些好处。E项：But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest.(但是要得到这些好处，你不一定要住在森林里。)则是对上文内容的转折，指出即使不住在森林里，也能通过其他方式获得类似的好处，符合语境。故选E。 41．根据上文“So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors?(所以与其设定一个健身目标，为什么不设定一个从户外散步开始的创意目标呢？)”可知，上文提到设定一个户外步行的创造力目标。B项：Expose yourself more to your surroundings.(让自己更多地接触周围环境。)与这一主题相符，即通过在户外步行，我们可以更多地观察和体验周围的环境，从而激发创造力，符合语境。故选B。 完形填空 A few years ago, I felt like a true failure. I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight, but not making 42 . At that time, I spent hours every day working out to my videos and was still 43 . I thought I was meant to be overweight forever and there was no need to 44 it. I needed a 45 of heart and mind. That change came in the most 46 way. It came with running. After dinner on Thanksgiving, I went out for a 47 with my family. I had turned my little MP3 player on and was 48 the music when my favorite song came on. I felt like dancing, but that was impossible, for I had my children with me. So I caught the speed a bit and started to run slowly. I was quite 49 with my burst of activity. What was more surprising was that I 50 the next morning and went out again. After running, I felt strong and 51 at the same time. I 52 the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago and decided that I wanted more of that. I 53 up for a spring race and practiced hard for it. 54 my weight is still heavier than what I would like, I no longer care about it. I try to stay more focused on my life. Most 55 , my workouts are less than an hour per day and I take Sundays off completely. My 56 is to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight. 42．A．mistakes B．friends C．sense D．progress 43．A．strong B．fat C．young D．short 44．A．admire B．observe C．threaten D．fight 45．A．change B．record C．test D．system 46．A．formal B．difficult C．unexpected D．confusing 47．A．picnic B．meal C．movie D．walk 48．A．teaching B．studying C．enjoying D．creating 49．A．disappointed B．pleased C．careful D．bored 50．A．got up B．broke down C．checked out D．came back 51．A．curious B．annoyed C．frightened D．calm 52．A．organized B．recalled C．demanded D．expressed 53．A．made B．signed C．turned D．ended 54．A．In case B．Soon after C．Even though D．As if 55．A．suddenly B．extremely C．importantly D．unusually 56．A．goal B．limit C．struggle D．failure 【答案】 42．D 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．C 56．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”一直努力减肥，但是没有效果，自己想放弃。结果一个偶然的机会，我改变了自己的态度。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了减肥，我第三次加入Weight Watchers，但没有取得进展。A.mistakes错误；B. friends朋友；C. sense意义；D. progress进展。根据上文“I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight, but”和下文“I thought I was meant to be overweight forever”可知，为了减肥，“我”作出努力，但没有进展。make progress“进展”。故选D。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我每天花几个小时对着视频锻炼，仍然很胖。A.strong强壮的；B. fat肥胖的；C. young年轻的；D. short矮的。结合上文“I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight”和“At that time, I spent hours every day working out to my videos and was still”可知，“我”为了减肥，每天锻炼，但仍很胖。故选B。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为我注定要永远超重，没有必要与之抗争。A.admire钦佩；B. observe观察；C. threaten威胁；D. fight抗争，斗争。结合上文“I thought I was meant to be overweight forever and there was no need to”可知，“我”以为“我”注定要永远超重，所以认为没有必要与之抗争。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要改变一下心意。A.change改变；B. record记录；C. test测试；D. system系统。结合上文“I thought I was meant to be overweight forever and there was no need to it.”可知，“我”以为“我”注定要永远超重，没有必要与之抗争，所以作者认为自己需要改变这种消极的想法。故选A。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种变化是以没有预料到的方式出现的。A.formal正常的；B. difficult困难的；C. unexpected没有预料到的；D. confusing令人困惑的。结合下文“I had turned my little MP3 player on and was the music when my favorite song came on. I felt like dancing, but that was impossible, for I had my children with me. So I caught the speed a bit and started to run slowly. I was quite with my burst of activity.”和“My is to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight.”可知，“我”没有预料到自己因为音乐而内心会发生变化。故选C。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：感恩节晚饭后，我和家人出去散步。A.picnic野餐；B. meal餐；C. movie电影；D. walk散步。根据上文“I went out for a”和下文“I felt like dancing, but that was impossible, for I had my children with me. So I caught the speed a bit and started to run slowly.”可知，“我”和家人出去散步，后来听音乐后，才提升速度，慢跑起来。go out for a walk“外出散步”。故选D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开我的小MP3播放器，正在欣赏音乐，这时我最喜欢的歌响起了。A.teaching教；B. studying学习；C. enjoying享受，欣赏；D. creating创造。结合上文“I had turned my little MP3 player on”可知，“我”打开“我”的小MP3播放器，所以“我”要欣赏音乐。故选C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对自己突然活跃起来感到很高兴。A.disappointed令人失望的；B. pleased满意的，高兴的；C. careful认真的；D. bored无聊的。根据上文“I needed a of heart and mind.”和下文“with my burst of activity”可知，“我”知道自己需要改变，所以突然运动起来后，“我”对自己发生的变化感到高兴。故选B。 50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，第二天早上我起床又出门了。A. got up起床；B. broke down身体垮掉；C. checked out退房；D. came back 回来；恢复。结合下文“the next morning and went out again.”可知，第二天早上应该是起床，然后出门。故选A。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：跑步后，我感到很强壮，同时也很平静。A.curious好奇的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. frightened害怕的；D. calm冷静的。根据空前的“I felt strong and”和下文“ I the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago”可知，设空处和strong并列，并且是锻炼后的好的感觉。故选D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回忆起20年前跑步时的美好感觉，并决定我想要更多。A.organized组织；B. recalled回忆；C. demanded要求；D. expressed表达。结合空后面的“the good feelings I felt when I used to run 20 years ago”可知，作者回忆起20年前的感觉。故选B。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我报名参加了春季赛，并为此进行了艰苦的练习。A.made制作，使；B. signed签字；C. turned转弯；D. ended结束。根据下文“up for a spring race and practiced hard for it.”可知，“我”报名参加了春季赛。sign up“报名”。故选B。 54．考查固定短语辨析。句意：尽管我的体重仍然比我想要的重，但我不再在乎它。A. In case以防万一；B. Soon after不久；C. Even though即使；D. As if好像。根据下文“my weight is still heavier than what I would like, I no longer care about it.”可知，逗号前后存在转折让步关系，应用Even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我每天的锻炼时间不到一个小时，周日我会完全休息。A.suddenly突然；B. extremely极度地；C. importantly重要地；D. unusually不寻常地。结合空前的“Most”和后文“my workouts are less than an hour per day and I take Sundays off completely. My15 is to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight.”可知，最重要的是，我锻炼的同时，也有休息的时间。most  importantly表示“最重要的是”。故选C。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是在生活中坚持锻炼，但不要让它控制我的生活。A.goal目标；B. limit限制；C. struggle挣扎斗争；D. failure失败。结合后文“to keep exercising in my life but not let it control my life. After all, I am so much more important than my weight.”可知，在生活中坚持锻炼，但不要让它控制“我”的生活，这是“我”的目标。故选A。 单句语法填空 57．Eager to save the boy, he pushed against the rock with all his (strong). 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了救那男孩，他用尽全身力气推着那块岩石。形容词his后接名词在句中作宾语。strong的名词形式strength，为“力气，力量”之意，为不可数名词。故填strength。 58．No matter what difficulties we are faced with; we always have the to solve them. (determine) 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：无论我们面临什么困难，我们总是要有决心解决它们。空前是谓语动词have，空后是介词in，所以该空填名词作宾语，determine的名词是determination，表示“决心”，是不可数名词。故填determination。 59．Part of Lang Ping’s success is due to her strong (determine) 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：郎平的成功部分归功于她的坚定决心。形容词性物主代词her后应用名词determination(不可数)作介词to的宾语。故填determination。 60．The mental (strong) that Michael Jordan showed made him unique. 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹所表现出的精神力量使他独一无二。设空处为名词作主语，根据提示词可知是strength，表示力量为不可数名词，故填strength。 61．She often swims to build up the (strong) of her arms. 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：她经常游泳以增强手臂的力量。由句意及空前的build up the可知，设空处应填strong的名词形式strength作宾语，意为“力量”，为不可数名词。故填strength。 62．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. 【答案】 even if/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你得让我们为自己拼搏，哪怕我们会在这个过程中死去。分析句子，结合句意可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，连接副词even if或even though，引导从句，意为“即使”，符合句意。故填even if或even though。 63．Unfortunately, he suffered serious (injure) to the head and legs in the traffic accident. 【答案】injuries 【详解】考查名词。句意：不幸的是，他在交通事故中头部和腿部受了重伤。空处应用名词作suffered的宾语。injury意为“伤害，损伤”。根据空后的to the head and legs可知，头部和腿部受重伤，表示复数，应用名词复数。故填injuries。 64．Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his (failure). 【答案】failures 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。此处failure为抽象名词具体化，表示失败的事为可数，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填failures。 65．Everyone admires her strength of character and (determine). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都钦佩她的坚强性格和决心。空处与名词strength并列，应用名词determination，为不可数名词，作动词admires的宾语。故填determination。 66．After graduation, I decided to make a to our society, so I became a volunteer teacher and was sent to a remote village. (different) 【答案】difference 【详解】考查名词。句意：毕业后，我决定为我们的社会做点什么，所以我成为了一名支教老师，被送到了一个偏远的村庄。make a difference意为“产生影响”，为固定短语；此处指的是“对社会产生影响”。故填difference。 67．Hard work leads to success and (fail) lies in laziness. 【答案】failure 【详解】考查名词。句意：努力导致成功，失败则源于懒惰。and前后连接两个句子，空处在and后面的句子中作主语，应用名词failure作主语，表示“失败”，不可数，故填failure。 68．If my father makes up his mind to do something, nothing can change his mind. He is really a man of (determine). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我父亲决定做某事，什么也不能改变他的想法。他真是一个有决心的人。“of+抽象名词”相当于对应含义的形容词，在介词of后应用名词determination表示“决心”作宾语。故填determination。 69．None of the passengers and crew were (injure). 【答案】injured 【详解】考查形容词。句意：乘客和机组人员均未受伤。空格处用形容词作表语，injure的形容词是injured，意为“受伤的”，故填injured。 70．Alice looks much (slim) than before . How did she manage to lose weight? 【答案】slimmer 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：爱丽丝看起来比以前苗条多了。她是怎么减肥的？空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据后文的than可知，应用比较级。故填slimmer。 71．He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and (determine). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的事业取得了巨大的成功，仅仅靠的是普通的努力和决心。作介词的宾语，应用名词determination，不可数。故填determination。 语篇填空 Tai Chi is par of China’s traditional culture. It is a unique type of Chinese kung fu marked with slow and gentle movements 72 are designed for self-protection, strengthening of body and prevention of diseases. Tai Chi’s movements with deep breathing and relaxation can help promote inner peace and calm, so it is suitable 73 people of different ages. Tai Chi 74 (date) back as far as 2, 500 years. It is said that Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, invented Tai Chi after watching 75 fight between a snake and a bird. However, more people tend to believe that Tai Chi 76 (develop) on the basis of martial arts skills by Chen Wangting, a l7th-century master of Chinese martial arts.   In general, it is believed that Tai Chi can slow down aging, strengthen muscles, and aid in the treatment of heart disease, skin diseases and many other 77 (illness). Besides, Tai Chi can improve mood if people are worried or depressed. According to some studies, 78 (practice) Tai Chi on a daily basis can also help people get a 79 (good) sleep. With so many benefits of Tai Chi, more and more people begin to pick up this 80 (amaze) Chinese traditional sport to improve the quality of 81 (they) life. 【答案】 72．which/that 73．for 74．dates 75．a 76．was developed 77．illnesses 78．practicing 79．better 80．amazing 81．their 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国太极拳的历史发展及其作用意义。 72．考查定语从句。句意：这是一种独特的中国功夫，动作缓慢柔和，旨在自我保护，增强身体和预防疾病。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为movements，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 73．考查介词。句意：太极拳的动作伴随着深呼吸和放松，可以帮助促进内心的平静和平静，所以它适合不同年龄的人。be suitable for“适合于”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填for。 74．考查时态及主谓一致。句意：太极拳的历史可以追溯到2500年前。谓语动词date通常要用一般现在时，表示从现在追溯过去的历史，主语Tai Chi为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 75．考查冠词。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三丰在观看了蛇与鸟的搏斗后，发明了太极拳。单数可数名词fight是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，fight以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 76．考查时态和语态。句意：然而，更多人倾向于认为太极拳是在17世纪中国武术大师陈王庭的武术技巧基础上发展起来的。动词develop和主语之间是被动关系，根据l7th-century可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，Tai Chi是单数，be动词使用was。故填was developed。 77．考查名词复数。句意：一般来说，人们认为太极拳可以延缓衰老，增强肌肉，并有助于治疗心脏病，皮肤病和许多其他疾病。many后应用名词复数形式。故填illnesses。 78．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据一些研究，每天练习太极也可以帮助人们获得更好的睡眠。分析可知，此处应用其动名词，作主语。故填practicing。 79．考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据句意可知，此处应用其比较级作定语，修饰名词sleep，表示“更好的睡眠”。故填better。 80．考查形容词。句意：太极拳有这么多好处，越来越多的人开始选择这项令人惊叹的中国传统运动来提高他们的生活质量。修饰名词sport应用以ing结尾的形容词amazing作定语，意为“令人惊讶的”。故填amazing。 81．考查物主代词。句意：同上。限定名词life，应用其形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。 应用文写作 假定你是校英语戏剧社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语戏剧表演赛因故推迟，请你给担任评委的外教Katherine写邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 说明理由； 3. 后续调整。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Katherine, I’m Li Hua, leader of the English drama club. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Katherine, I’m terribly sorry to inform you that the English Dram a Competition scheduled for next Thursday will have to be rearranged. The school auditorium, where the competition is to be held, is not available for use for five days next week due to essential maintenance. Thus, we’re made a decision to reschedule the competition for next Sunday evening when the maintenance work will be complete and the auditorium will be ready for use. Would you be available that day? Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconvenience caused. Looking forward to your earliest reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。原定于下周举行的英语戏剧表演赛因故推迟，要求考生给担任评委的外教Katherine写邮件表达歉意，说明理由并告诉他后续调整。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 通知：inform→notify 重要的：essential→important 因此：thus→therefore 完成：complete→finish 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：The school auditorium, where the competition is to be held, is not available for use for five days next week due to essential maintenance. 拓展句：The school auditorium, where the competition is to be held, is not available for use because it will undergo essential maintenance for five days next week. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m terribly sorry to inform you that the English Dram a Competition scheduled for next Thursday will have to be rearranged.(that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]Thus, we’re made a decision to reschedule the competition for next Sunday evening when the maintenance work will be complete and the auditorium will be ready for use.(when引导的时间状语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$