Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Some wonderfully creative uses of X­rays have been in the world of art.But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up.Details unfolded by an X­ray of a painting can't be seen any other way.For example，in the past，paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas(帆布)．These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting.It takes an X­ray to discover where the repairs have been made. An X­ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery(伪造)．If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not，X­rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original.If the brushstrokes(笔迹)，for example，are shown to be totally different from those in other works done by a certain artist，then the painting is proved to be a fake copy. Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago，the image they leave on an X­ray film looks different.This is another way X­rays can be used to spot a forgery.A modern artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked.To the naked eye the forgery may look old，but when a careful study of the X­ray image is made，the deception is obvious. It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting，decide it wasn't any good，and paint a completely different picture on top of it.Or artists would paint over others'work — it was their version of recycling.Taking an X­ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyes.Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top，and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。X射线被应用在艺术上，文章以此展开主要介绍了X射线在绘画辨别方面的作用。 1．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To provide information to police who are looking for stolen art work. B．To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art work. C．To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance. D．To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways. 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据第一段前两句可知，文章的目的是解释现代科技如何以独特的方式被应用。故选D。 2．What are X­rays used to do according to the passage? A．Make repairs on paintings in the past. B．Identify the authenticity of an artwork. C．Change the materials of a forgery. D．Remove the recyclable paints. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，X射线被用来鉴定艺术品的真假。故选B。 3．What does the underlined word “deception” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Comparison.　　　 B．Drawback. C．Trickery. D．Judgement. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落的上文可知，裸眼看一个赝品看似旧的，但使用X射线时其中的端倪就显而易见，故画线词的意思是“花招，欺骗”。故选C。 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．X­ray Painting Techniques B．X­ray Detectives C．Forgery Studies D．Creative Uses of Technology 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据第一段前两句可知，本文讲述了X射线在艺术上的应用，文章以此展开介绍X射线在绘画辨别方面的作用。所以短文的最佳标题为“X射线侦探”。 故选B。 B For many Americans，regular exercise is a complicated commitment—one made at the beginning of January that fades out within weeks or months.Busy work schedules，a lack of motivation and unease towards exercising in public all contribute to the discouraging statistics that only around a quarter of adults exercise enough per week. This month，enterpriser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncovering their design for a mirror fitness system，Forme.Forme is reflective like a mirror，uses machine learning to heighten workouts，and offers attachments including ankle belts，rope handles and a heart rate monitor.When not in use，the two arms that form the resistance pulley(滑轮) system fold behind it and the display screen disappears，turning Forme into a simple full­length mirror. Interest in home exercise has particularly increased recently around the world.Home workout apps have seen a significant uptick in downloads，and trendy brands like Peloton have rolled out free virtual workouts for everyone stuck indoors.One French athlete who was kept away from others chose to run an entire marathon on his 23­foot balcony. But beyond the new restrictions affecting daily workout routines，Ward and Behar are tapping into the same concerns that have made every home workout appealing：the ability to save time and sweat in the privacy of one's home.In an age of personal metrics(衡量标准) —where one can measure their heart rate and sleep cycles with smart watches and train for marathons with AI smart sneakers—Ward and Behar want to improve exercise through machine learning.Forme evaluates performance and adjusts weights accordingly.Easy access to performance data also makes it easier to track that progress and stay motivated. Though it's too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late 2010s to 2020s，Behar explained that having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness，such as shopping or telemedicine. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了设计师设计了一种人工智能的“镜子健身房”，让更多的人可以在家锻炼。 5．What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A．The features of Forme. B．The ways to operate Forme. C．The reasons to develop Forme. D．The theory behind Forme. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据文章第二段Forme像镜子一样反光，利用机器学习提高锻炼水平，并提供踝带、绳柄和心率监测器。当不使用时，构成阻力滑轮系统的两条手臂在它后面折叠起来，屏幕就消失了，Forme变成了一个简单的全身镜。可知，本段主要讲的是Forme的特点。故选A。 6．How can Peloton benefit its users? A．By raising their interest in marathon. B．By offering them online workouts for free. C．By keeping them far away from others. D．By entertaining them with all kinds of downloads. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段家庭健身应用的下载量大幅上升，Peloton等时尚品牌也为宅在家里的每个人推出了免费的虚拟健身服务。可知，Peloton为用户提供免费的在线锻炼，从而让他们受益。故选B。 7．What makes home workout appealing according to Paragraph 4? A．The better results than outdoor activities. B．The privacy of home. C．The fresher air at home. D．The convenient access to mass data. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，除了影响日常锻炼习惯的新限制外，Ward和Behar还利用了每个在家锻炼都具备的吸引人的关注点：在家锻炼能够节省时间和出汗。由此可知，家庭健身受欢迎是因为家里有更好的隐私。故选B。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Forme Have More Powerful Functions? B．Does Regular Exercise Keep up with New Technology? C．Is the New Trend of Smart Machines at Home Fashionable? D．Is This AI­powered “Mirror Gym” the Future of Home Exercise? 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了设计师设计了一种人工智能的“镜子健身房”，让更多的人可以在家锻炼。“这种人工智能的‘镜子健身房’会是家庭锻炼的未来吗？”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·大庆月考)I'm nine years old now，but I have been 1 competitively since I was six.I love it，because it makes me feel good.I have a lot of 2 and I can do it by just moving my legs. One recent Sunday morning，my mum drove me to a 5km race in Minnesota.The starting line was 3 because there was also a 10km race.That morning，I was running confidently and feeling 4 .Then I came to a fork on the course.A woman who was directing us 5 the route I thought I was meant to take and told me to go the other way.I was 6 ，but I had to follow her 7 . After a while I saw route directions for the 10km race.I was worried，thinking I was 8 ，but I had to keep going.My body started to get 9 .I said to myself，“You're almost there.Just keep 10 .” 11 I saw the finish line.I couldn't believe it.I didn't even know I was running 10km and I 12 it.I didn't do this on purpose.It was a 13 .I felt happy and proud.It was the first time that I had run such a(n) 14 .It has made me want to compete in more 10km races.I hope my story can 15 other people to run too. [语篇解读]　文章讲述了作者去参加一场5千米长跑比赛，结果却赢得了10千米比赛的励志故事。 1．A.hiking B．swimming C．bicycling D．running 解析：选D　根据第二段中的“That morning，I was running confidently”中的 running 可知，此处指作者从六岁开始参加跑步比赛。故选D项。 2．A.time B．resource C．energy D．patience 解析：选C　由空后的“and I can do it by just moving my legs”可推知，此处是说作者有很多精力。故选C项。 3．A.separated B．crowded C．combined D．limited 解析：选B　根据空后的“because there was also a 10km race”并结合选项可推知，人很多，起跑线上很拥挤。故选B项。 4．A.exhausted B．energetic C．strange D．sensitive 解析：选B　根据空前的“I was running confidently”及连词 and 可知，作者应该是感觉自己精力充沛。故选B项。 5．A.blocked off B．pulled off C．tidied up D．gave up 解析：选A　根据空后的“told me to go the other way”可知，那个女人让作者走另一条路，挡住了作者原以为自己要走的那条路。故选A项。 6．A.confused B．disappointed C．angry D．pleasant 解析：选A　根据上文中的“A woman who was directing us the route I thought I was meant to take and told me to go the other way”可知，一个女人挡住了作者原以为自己要走的那条路，她给作者指了另一条路，虽然作者很困惑，但还是按照她指示的方向去跑。故选A项。 7．A.example B．suggestions C．directions D．order 解析：选C　参加上题解析。 8．A.stuck B．lost C．deserted D．ignored 解析：选B　根据空前的 worried 可知，作者很担心，以为自己迷路(lost) 了。故选B项。 9．A.fueled B．adapted C．tired D．relaxed 解析：选C　根据下文中的“I said to myself，‘You're almost there.Just keep .’”可知，作者给自己加油打气，由此推知，作者应该是累了。故选C项。 10．A.waiting B．shaking C．smiling D．breathing 解析：选D　根据常识并结合语境可知，跑步的时候应该调整呼吸，保持呼吸平稳。故选D项。 11．A.Initially B．Actually C．Obviously D．Eventually 解析：选D　根据上文内容可知，作者之前感觉身体疲倦，所以给自己打气，因此空处用 Eventually 表达当他看到终点线时的欣喜之情。故选D项。 12．A.won B．quit C．changed D．expected 解析：选A　根据上文中的“ I saw the finish line.I couldn't believe it”以及下文中的“I didn't do this on purpose”可知，作者赢了比赛。故选A项。 13．A.dream B．mistake C．balance D．lesson 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，作者本是参加5千米长跑比赛的，但是却赢了10 千米的比赛。所以这是一个“错误”。故选B项。 14．A.test B．risk C．adventure D．distance 解析：选D　由上文可知，这是作者第一次跑这么远的距离(distance) 。故选D项。 15．A.permit B．enable C．inspire D．press 解析：选C　作者希望自己的经历可以激励(inspire) 他人。inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某人做某事”。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$