Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Using language(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Jessica Long，from Baltimore，Maryland，USA，is a champion by all definitions of the word.She is one of the world's most decorated swimmers.Jessica was the youngest athlete，at 12 years old，to win a Paralympics medal.But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy. Jessica was born in Irkutsk，Russia with a serious and rare birth defect — fibular hemimelia.This means that part of her leg bones were missing or deformed.Fearing she could not care for Jessica，her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage. Fortunately，she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old.She required 25 different operations to help her leg condition.But unfortunately，both of her legs had to be amputated when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with man­made legs.As a child，she took to sports including gymnastics，cheerleading，ice skating，biking，trampoline，and rock climbing. She began swimming at her grandparents' house before she started competitive swimming.She was really good at swimming.Shortly after she started competing，Jessica was selected as Maryland's Female Swimmer of the Year with Disability. Then Jessica was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens，Greece.She won three gold medals in swimming at age 12！She was the youngest athlete on the US Paralympic Team to ever do so.But she did not rest on her success.Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics！She is one of the most decorated athletes of all time. She is now a positive force on a mission to encourage the next generation of Paralympic athletes！Jessica always believes she can do anything.She always gives 110%.She is always learning.And she never allows herself to quit.As she says，“The only disability in life is a negative attitude.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Jessica Long从小由于疾病失去了双腿，然而她并没有气馁，对生活持有积极态度。她在残奥会上赢得23块奖牌，是获得奖牌数最多的国际运动员之一。 1．What do we know about Jessica Long's childhood? A．She was born into an American family. B．She was adopted from a Russian orphanage. C．She learned swimming from a famous coach. D．She went through 25 operations within 5 months. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句可知，Jessica Long 是被一个美国家庭从俄罗斯的一个孤儿院收养的。 2．What does the underlined word “amputated” in Paragraph 3 Probably mean? A．Improved.　　　 B．Linked. C．Examined. D．Removed. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Jessica learned to walk with man­made legs.”可推知，她被截肢了，失去了双腿。故画线词意思是“去除，截(肢)”。 3．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about? A．Jessica Long's achievements in swimming. B．The effort Jessica Long has put into swimming. C．The influence Jessica Long has had on other athletes. D．The strength of the US Paralympic Team in swimming. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第六段内容可知，Jessica第一次参加了在希腊雅典举行的残奥会，她是美国残奥队有史以来最年轻的运动员。在残奥会上为美国队赢得了23块奖牌，是有史以来获得奖牌最多的运动员之一。由此可知，第六段主要介绍了她在游泳上的成就。 4．What does Jessica think is very important to her success? A．An opportunity. B．Good luck. C．A physical disability. D．An active attitude. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，她认为一个积极的生活态度对成功非常重要。 B We have often heard that “work smart and not hard”．Does only smart work bring you success？And if so，then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard？Here，we'll discuss hard work and smart work. Hard work is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective(不考虑的) of its worth，not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort.Hard work requires a lot of commitment(投入) and sincerity from the person.Although being boring and tiresome，it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul. One of the preconditions of smart work is having in­depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand，because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned time.Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals.Besides，it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one. Although it seems that smart work is a better option，what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work.Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise(专门技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly. You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together.If you are not smart，your hard work will never pay.A donkey only does hard work，while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs.In a similar way，smart work is the result of hard work.To master the quality of smart work，you really need to work hard.Through hard work，we gain experience which helps us discover new things that may make us work smartly.The effort is important，but where to make that effort makes a difference. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者通过解释勤奋工作和智慧工作的概念，对比两者的关系，从而得出两者缺一不可的结论。 5．What can we learn about hard workers from Paragraph 2? A．They lack proper work skills. B．They always have great patience. C．They tend to ignore the goal of work. D．They obtain excellent results from their work. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although being boring and tiresome，it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.”可知，勤奋工作者可以得到很好的工作结果。 6．How can smart workers save a lot of time? A．By making a sensible plan. B．By making use of innovative ways. C．By learning experience from others. D．By getting inspiration from a new task. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Being a smart worker saves a lot of time...by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals.”可知，智慧工作者通过使用革新的方法来节约很多时间。 7．What does the author think of hard work? A．It is inspiring.　　 B．It is ineffective. C．It is challenging. D．It is fundamental. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“smart work is the fruit of hard work.Only when you work hard can you gather...”可推断，作者认为勤奋工作是基础性的，是智慧工作的先决条件。 8．What does the example of donkey in Paragraph 5 intend to show? A．It is useless to work hard. B．It is necessary to work smartly. C．The efforts you make matter most. D．The horse is cleverer than the donkey. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The effort is important，but where to make that effort makes a difference.”并结合作者所举的例子可推断，智慧工作也是必不可少的。 Ⅱ.七选五 Consistently doing what you need to do to succeed，with total focus and determination，is incredibly difficult. 1 Here are some ways you can be more successful in your life. Let your past inform your future.The past is valuable.Learn from your mistakes.Learn from the mistakes of others.Then let it go. 2 Think about what went wrong but only in terms of how you will make sure that won't happen next time. Never complain.Your words have power，especially over you.Complaining about your problems always makes you feel worse，not better.So if something is wrong，don't waste time complaining. 3 Learn to ignore the things you have no control over.Mental strength is like muscle strength — no one has an unlimited supply.So why waste your power on things you can't control？For some people，it's family.For others，it's global warming. 4 Fine.Do what you can do：Lend a listening ear.Recycle，and reduce your carbon footprints.Make your own change — but don't try to make everyone else change. 5 Before you turn out the light every night，take a moment to quit worrying about what you don't have.Think about what you do have.You have a lot to be thankful for.Feels pretty good，doesn't it？Feeling better about yourself is the best way of all to recharge your mental batteries. A．Be grateful for the good things in your life. B．The past is just training; it doesn't define you. C．Whatever it is，you care，and you want others to care. D．See your life and future as totally within your control. E．Just put that mental energy into making the situation better. F．People may like your things，but that doesn't mean they like you. G．And that's why the ability to work hard and respond positively to failure is vital. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条让人生更加成功的建议，包括从错误中吸取教训、从不抱怨、忽略无法控制的事情等。 1．解析：选G　空处承上启下，根据上句可知，带着专注和决心坚持做那些为了取得成功需要做的事情是非常困难的。据此可以推知，G项(努力工作、积极应对失败的能力至关重要) 符合语境。 2．解析：选B　根据空前三句可知，要从自己和他人的错误中吸取教训，然后就不要多想了；据此可以判断，B项(过去只是训练，不能定义你是何人) 符合语境。 3．解析：选E　空前一句说“如果出了什么问题，不要浪费时间去抱怨”，据此可知，空处应讲正确的做法是什么，故E项正确。 4．解析：选C　根据空前两句和本段尾句可知，空处应与For some people...For others...对应，说明不管是什么，你在乎，你也希望别人在乎。故C项正确。 5．解析：选A　根据空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主旨句；结合该段内容尤其是“You have a lot to be...your mental batteries.”可知，该段主要建议对生活中的好事情要心存感激，故A项正确。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2023·南京师大附中月考) Sign language is a system of communicating with people who cannot hear，by using hand movements rather than spoken words.1. sign languages are thriving should be welcomed for many reasons，including the cognitive benefits that learning them 2. (bring)．Several studies have found that deaf people who learn sign languages perform better in tasks 3. (require) spatial transformation abilities which you might use 4. you take down directions.Space is an important part of the grammar of a sign language，with verbs，nouns and pronouns using the space in 5. they are located as part of their meaning. Learning a sign language can be enlightening(启迪心智的)，too.In a year­long study of preschool children，deaf children who were learning ASL attained a 6. (great) appreciation of cultural diversity，as determined via classroom observations and interviews. Sign languages today are rich with communities and culture.Up until the 1980s，many deaf people 7. (essential) had to exist in the 19th century：no telephones，no radio，no television.But in many countries，social clubs，networks and advocacy groups for deaf signers have given rise to 8. diverse range of vernaculars(本地话).9. the internet and social media platforms，content 10. (create) are now sharing these with the world，bringing awareness and respect­and increased interest in learning these languages. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了手语是一种用手势而不是口头语言与听不见的人交流的系统。手语的蓬勃发展应该受到欢迎，原因有很多，包括学习手语带来的认知益处。 1．解析　考查连词。句意：手语是一种用手势而不是口头语言与听不见的人交流的系统。手语的蓬勃发展应该受到欢迎，原因有很多，包括学习手语带来的认知益处。分析句子可知，此处为连接词that引导的主语从句，连词that在从句中不作成分，无意义。 答案　That 2．解析　考查动词。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句中谓语动词的填入，从句动名词learning them作主语为单数形式，结合文章时态可知，为一般现在时。 答案　brings 3．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词中的现在分词作后置定语修饰名词tasks，tasks和require为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式表主动。 答案　requiring 4．解析　考查连词。句意：一些研究发现，学习手语的聋人在需要空间转换能力的任务中表现得更好，你可能会在记下方向时用到这种能力。分析句子可知，此处为连词when引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，满足句意要求。 答案　when 5．解析　考查连词。句意：空间是手语语法的重要组成部分，动词、名词和代词使用它们所在的空间作为其意义的一部分。分析句子可知，此处为介词in＋关系代词which相当于关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词space在从句中作状语成分。 答案　which 6．解析　考查形容词比较级。句意：在一项为期一年的学龄前儿童研究中，通过课堂观察和访谈确定，学习美国手语的聋哑儿童对文化多样性有了更大的理解。根据句意可知，此处为形容词的比较级greater“更大的”，满足句意要求。 答案　greater 7．解析　考查副词。句意：很多聋人基本上都是在19世纪才存在的：没有电话，没有收音机，没有电视。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词essentially修饰动词exist。因在句子开头，故首字母大写。 答案　essentially 8．解析　考查冠词。句意：但在许多国家，为聋人签名者设立的社交俱乐部、网络和倡导团体已经产生了各种各样的方言。分析句子可知，此处a range of“一系列的”为固定短语，满足句意要求。 答案　a 9．解析　考查介词。句意：在互联网和社交媒体平台上，内容创造者现在与世界分享这些语言，带来了意识和尊重，并增加了学习这些语言的兴趣。分析句子可知，此处on the platform“在平台上”为固定短语。 答案　On 10．解析　考查名词。 根据句意以及are可知，此处为复数名词creators“创造者”作主语，满足句意要求。 答案　creators 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$