Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It isn't easy to climb the Old Man of Hoy，one of the tallest in the United Kingdom.It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber，as Jesse Dufton is.The 34­year­old was born with a rare genetic disease(遗传病) that left him with less than 20 percent of his vision(视觉)，which then kept dropping over the years.He chooses to climb，because it's better than sitting at home feeling sorry for himself.“Climbing is not the most dangerous thing I do on an average day; crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy.” Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood.As a skilled climber，his father would take him out at weekends.He was always physical then，always up for adventure.He played sports at school，though quickly grew frustrated(沮丧) with many of them.“Badminton was a joke for someone like me，and even blind cricket — with a ball with a bell in it — annoyed me.” Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing，and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake.“True，you can't see the handholds，or the footholds.You can't see where the opportunities are，or where to place your hands and your gear(齿轮)，so you just have to take it slowly.You search around until you can feel for something to hold onto，and then basically repeat the process over and over again.To keep calm in these situations helps.” It was Jesse himself who made a documentary happen.He told the filmmaker Alistair Lee about his pastime，believing it might be worth capturing on film.“I realized my story was quite unusual，” he says，adding that he felt almost duty­bound to share it.“If somebody like me watches it，and they find it inspirational，then it wouldn't be right for me to keep that from them，wouldn't it？” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位盲人攀岩者Jesse Dufton坚持攀岩的故事，后来他拍了一个纪录片分享自己的故事，鼓励更多残疾人。 1．What is more dangerous in Jesse Dufton's eyes? A．Losing eyesight gradually. B．Daily routines in his life. C．Climbing the Old Man of Hoy. D．Staying at home all day. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy”可知，在Jesse Dufton眼中，他的日常活动更危险。 2．What's the second paragraph mainly about? A．Dufton's passion for climbing. B．Skills needed for climbing. C．Father's influence on Dufton. D．The limited choice for disabled people. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第二段首句“Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood.”以及“Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing，and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake.”可知，本段主要讲述了Dufton对攀岩的热情。 3．Why did Jesse persuade Alistair Lee to make a documentary? A．To show his unique talent for climbing. B．To inspire more people with disability. C．To give credit to the brave climbers. D．To educate people about risky sports. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句“If somebody like me watches it，and they find it inspirational，then it wouldn't be right for me to keep that from them，wouldn't it？”可知，Jesse说服Alistair Lee拍摄一部纪录片是为了激励更多残疾人。 4．Which of the following best describes Jesse Dufton? A．responsible and helpful B．caring and careful C．patient and brave D．adventurous and optimistic 解析：选D　推理判断题。通读全文，再结合第一段第二句“It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber，as Jesse Dufton is.”以及最后一段尾句可知，Jesse Dufton是一位勇于冒险、态度乐观的人。 B When you're feeling low or even a little depressed，what do you want to do？The answer for most of us is not very much.Our natural response to a bad mood is to rest with our comfort of choice and hibernate(蛰伏) a bit. But according to new science，the best way to fight off the depression is to force yourself to get out there and do something new.You might have to drag yourself off the sofa，but this research shows you'll be happier for the effort. For the study，the research followed the daily movements of 122 study subjects，using the location­tracking features of their phones for three to four months.They also sent subjects regular text messages asking them to report on their mood. The scientists discovered the more people visited new and different locations，the happier they felt both that day and the next.Variety and novelty seem to lift our mood.“We also find that if we feel better today，we're likely to have more novel experiences and have more experiential diversity the following day，” study coauthor and NYU Associate Professor of Psychology Catherine Hartley said. “These results suggest a reciprocal link between the novel and diverse experiences we have during our daily exploration of our physical environments and our subjective sense of well­being，” Hartley commented. This isn't the first time that science has linked new experiences with positive brain benefits.Previous studies have shown that new and challenging experiences light up learning centers in the brain.Just as experience has probably taught you，you learn a lot faster when you get outside your comfort zone.If you've been stuck at home a lot lately，it's no shock that you feel lazy.Your brain is missing out on the novelty and exploration it desires.The good news is，if you can force yourself to do something new，you'll feel that you can grow smarter. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。摆脱抑郁的最佳方法就是外出做一些新奇的事情，这些新体验可以振奋我们的心情，提升我们的幸福感。 5．According to new science，what should we do to lift our spirits? A．Explore the outside world. B．Have a complete rest. C．Choose to enjoy our hobbies. D．Stay in the comfort zone. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，摆脱抑郁的最佳方法就是强迫自己外出体验新事物，即要使我们情绪振奋，我们应该去探索外面的世界。 6．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By phoning the subjects. B．By analyzing the subjects' locations. C．By referring to previous relevant studies. D．By tracking the subjects' movements and moods. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，研究者使用手机中的定位功能跟踪调查了122位被研究对象的日常活动，并要求他们汇报自己的心情。因此研究者是通过跟踪调查被研究者的活动和心情来进行这项研究的。 7．The underlined words “a reciprocal link” in Paragraph 5 means a link that proves . A．strong but temporary B．weak and indirect C．beneficial to each other D．suitable for each other 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，人们参观的新地点越多，当天和第二天会越快乐。当天越快乐，第二天就越有可能外出，越有可能有新体验。这正是画线词前These results所指代的内容，由此可推知，画线部分指的是相互促进的关系。 8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Novelty improves learning effectiveness. B．It's harmful to get stuck at home too long. C．Your brain desires novelty and exploration. D．Exploration is linked with positive emotions. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据最后一段前两句可知，科学不止一次证明了新体验和积极的大脑益处是相关联的，以前的研究也证明了新奇的挑战性体验，能使大脑中的学习中枢兴奋。下文则具体描述新体验是如何让你更聪明。因此本段主要讲述新奇提高学习效果。 Ⅱ.完形填空 “My greatest strength is that I am what some people call ‘disabled’，” I said，answering the 1 job interview question，“What is your greatest strength？” My last interview was five years ago when a search committee was 2 the next president and CEO of MAP International，an organization that provides 3 and health supplies to those in need around the world.In some ways，the job was a(n) 4 made in heaven. You see，I walk with crutches because I had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.My life would be 5 if the polio vaccine — costing about 20 cents — had been 6 to me and my family in Korea where I was born.My 7 in life is to help other children receive the medicine they need to 8 life­long illness or even death. So when I told the committee interviewing me about my strengths and weaknesses I could 9 say that I had a lifetime to prepare for the job of helping bring medicine to those in need.I knew firsthand what it meant to 10 because an inexpensive dose of vaccine was not available. But I also know that 11 my challenges each and every day makes me a better leader.It's true that my daily life is more 12 than most people's.A simple flight of stairs，a rocky path，a door with a difficult handle — these are common occurrences that are major 13 for me.Yet I have to prepare myself each day to face the unexpected. Your 14 can become your strength.Whatever your weakness is， 15 it today. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者由于小时候患有小儿麻痹症导致了残疾，但他没有放弃自己，而是致力于帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物，以避免终身疾病甚至死亡。 1．A.friendly　　　　 B．unusual C．typical D．interesting 解析：选C　根据句中“What is your greatest strength？”可知，面试官问的问题是“你最大的优点是什么？”结合生活常识可知，这是我们在面试工作时会遇到的一个典型的(typical) 问题。 2．A.offering B．seeking C．hiring D．judging 解析：选B　根据句中“a search committee”可知，选委员会应该是在为MAP International寻找(seeking) 合适的人才，担任其下一任总裁和首席执行官。 3．A.water B．food C．knowledge D．medicine 解析：选D　根据第四段中“the job of helping bring medicine to those in need”可知，作者的工作是给有需要的人带去药。由此可知，MAP International为人们提供的是医药(medicine) 和卫生用品。 4．A.match B．event C．miracle D．game 解析：选A　结合上文内容可知，MAP International是一家为世界各地有需要的人提供医药和卫生用品的组织，而作者是个残疾人，更能体会到需要帮助的人的心情，也更愿意为那些人提供帮助。由此可知，作者和这个工作是匹配的(match) 。 5．A.happy B．easy C．comfortable D．different 解析：选D　根据上文可知，作者由于小时候得了小儿麻痹症导致了残疾，再结合句中“if the polio vaccine — costing about 20 cents — had been to me”可知，作者认为，如果自己能接种小儿麻痹疫苗，也许就不会得这个病，生活就会不同(different) 。 6．A.affordable B．effective C．available D．free 解析：选C　参见上题解析。 7．A.passion B．problem C．worry D．hobby 解析：选A　根据第四段中“I had a lifetime to prepare for the job of helping bring medicine to those in need”可知，作者一生都在准备帮助那些有需要的人获得药物。由此可知，帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物是作者对生活的激情(passion) 。 8．A.treat B．avoid C．rid D．cure 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，作者由于小时候没有接种小儿麻痹疫苗导致了患病。由此可知，作者是想通过给孩子送去药物的方式，让他们避免(avoid) 终身疾病甚至死亡，不要像自己一样。 9．A.honestly B．humbly C．deliberately D．wisely 解析：选A　根据上文“My in life is to help other children receive the medicine they need”可知，帮助其他孩子获得他们需要的药物是作者对生活的激情。由此可知，作者是诚实地(honestly) 说，作者有一辈子的时间来为此工作。 10．A.wait B．walk C．suffer D．live 解析：选C　根据上文可知，由于没有接种小儿麻痹疫苗导致作者残疾，所以作者能亲身体会到所遭受(suffer) 的痛苦。 11．A.overlooking B．overcoming C．remembering D．forgetting 解析：选B　根据下文“Yet I have to prepare myself each day to face the unexpected.”可知，作为一个残疾人，作者每天都要准备好面对意想不到的事情。由此可知，他每天都在克服(overcoming) 挑战。 12．A.difficult B．wonderful C．changeable D．predictable 解析：选A　结合生活常识可知，作者是一个残疾人，他的生活和大多数人相比是困难的(difficult) 。 13．A.things B．obstacles C．conditions D．meanings 解析：选B　结合上文“I walk with crutches”可知，作者拄着拐杖走路。由此可知，由于行动不便，上楼梯和开门这样的事对作者来说是主要的障碍(obstacles) 。 14．A.pressure B．ability C．weakness D．situation 解析：选C　结合下文“Whatever your weakness is， it today.”可知，作者希望我们能够接受自己的弱点。由此可知，他认为你的弱点(weakness) 可以变成你的长处。 15．A.abandon B．ignore C．deny D．embrace 解析：选D　根据上文内容可知，作者认为自己的残疾就是自己面试工作的优势。由此可知，作者希望我们能欣然接受(embrace) 自己的弱点。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$