精品解析：甘肃省白银市靖远县第四中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2023—2024年度高一年级下学期期末考试模拟卷 英语试题 (120分钟 150分) 考试范围：必修第一至第三册;选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Mike do first yesterday afternoon? A. He went home. B. He went to school C. He signed up for a contest. 2. What is the correct order number for the yellow teapot? A. TP12FS. B. TP12SF. C. PT12FS. 3. What did the woman buy for Tom? A. A cell phone. B. A dictionary. C. A watch. 4. Why did the woman go straight home after the concert? A. To have a rest. B. To prepare for a class. C. To do her homework. 5. What was the man doing at noon today? A. He was meeting a friend. B. He was sleeping. C. He was having lunch. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman looking for the envelope? A. She wants to send a letter. B. She plans to give it to Jill. C. Her PIN number is in it. 7. What might the woman do next? A. Find Jill. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Buy an envelope. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 9. Where will the two speakers have their supper? A. In a restaurant. B. In a school. C. At home. 听第 8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why is the man making the call? A. To have a talk with Tom. B. To invite the woman to a movie. C. To introduce a friend to the woman. 11. What is Tom doing? A Watching TV. B. Talking on the phone. C. Having fun with Julie. 12. What can we learn about Sam? A. He knows Julie. B. He lives in town. C. He lives with a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A film. B. Country life. C. A novel. 14. When did the woman’s uncle begin to work in the country? A. In 1973. B. In 1988. C. In 1990. 15. What is the woman’s uncle like? A. Easygoing. B. Hardworking. C. Humorous. 16. What is the story about? A. School life. B. Factory life. C. Country life. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What difference does the speaker talk about first? A. Some expressions. B. Traffic rules. C. The food. 18. What does the speaker think of the weather in London? A. Changeable. B. Great. C. Uncomfortable. 19. When does the speaker finish work now? A. At 5 pm. B. At 8:30 pm. C. At 9 pm. 20. Where did the speaker use to go on Friday evening in America? A To the club. B. To the gym. C. To the restaurant. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Strangest Jobs in the World You may be tired of a 9-to-5 job. Or you may be looking for something different to do. You won’t believe what some of these people do for a living. Check out these strangest jobs and tell us if you could handle doing any of them. Watching Paint Dry This may be one of the most boring jobs in the world. The paint company hires people to watch paint dry. They need to take note of the changing colors and have to examine the changes under a microscope (显微镜) as well as on the walls. Iceberg (冰山) Mover This job appeared after the Titanic tragedy (悲剧) in 1912. Iceberg movers remove icebergs and prevent any further accidents. Using satellites and airplanes, the movers search the seas for icebergs. And if any is found, they pull the iceberg to an area where it won’t be in the way. Pulling an iceberg can take up to 72 hours. This is because the boat needs ten hours to reach a speed of just one mile per hour. Luggage Organizer There are many camp activities for children in New York. Mothers are now inviting luggage organizers to pack their kids’ bags. To hire an organizer costs around US $ 250 an hour. It can take up to four hours to be fully packed and ready. US $ 1,000 to pay somebody to pack your kids’ bags, is it worth it? 1. What is the aim of the job of an iceberg mover? A. To do a search for life in the sea. B To be in memory of the movie Titanic. C. To prevent any more accidents on the sea. D. To test the speed of boats pulling icebergs. 2. What makes the job of watching paint dry special? A. Its salary is higher than other jobs. B. It is very boring and needs patience. C. It takes very little time and effort. D. It needs much relevant experience. 3. What can we learn about the job of a luggage organizer? A. It is an easy job. B. It is a full-time job. C. It is suitable for children to do. D. Its necessity is questioned. B It’s “Baby Day” at the Riverpark seniors’ home in Ottawa — a twice-monthly event Eulah Johnson, 90, never misses. “I really enjoy it. It’s a shift from the regular routine,” says the retired nurse. Today, Johnson sits on a sofa and looks at a laughing child seated on the seat of her walker. After a few moments, the girl skips off to play with other small children and babies mixed with 20 of Johnson’s fellow residents. Some, like 12-month-old Owen, are regular visitors to Ottawa seniors’ homes. “We’ve been doing this since he was three months old,” says his mother, Allison Rodgers, 33. She loves the social calls, too. “I didn’t have grandparents while growing up. It’s nice to spend time with older people, and it feels good to know they’re getting so much out of it.” Babies Who Volunteer, the initiative bringing these generations together, is the inspired idea of Jessica Turner, a former educational assistant. The idea came about during a March 2018 visit with her 22-month-old daughter Amelia to a friend’s mother, who was living in a long-term-care unit. She was most surprised by the response of her friend’s mother; she hadn’t spoken for two years, but with Amelia in her lap, she began singing. Jessica went home and immediately put out a call on a mums’ Facebook group: Would anyone be interested in dropping by seniors’ homes with their babies? A year later, there are now 1,500 volunteers, and the organization visits 39 homes in Ottawa. “Everyone benefits from intergenerational programmes,” Jessica says. “This playgroup is good for the mothers, too. They’re giving something to the community, which provides a sense of purpose and belonging. It can really help someone who is feeling isolated.” 4. What can we learn about the event Johnson never misses at the seniors’ home? A. It’s a visit with her children. B. It’s about Baby Day performances. C. It’s children’s regular visits. D. It’s her shift from routine work. 5. What did Jessica ask mothers to do after her March 2018 visit? A. Visit seniors’ homes with their babies. B. Donate to help senior people in the city. C. Encourage them to keep in touch through Facebook. D. Get seniors into social life internationally. 6. What does Jessica think is the benefit of the project? A. Children can grow up with their grandparents. B. Everyone can become good at communication. C. Online attention can be drawn to the life of seniors. D. Mothers can have a life goal by reaching out to the old. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Regular visits to the old. B. The baby effect on seniors. C. Connection with the seniors. D. Mothers’ sense of belonging. C How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? The answer for many of us, it turns out, is “hardly any”, even with major investments. To be sure, some people go over every detail carefully before making a choice, and it’s certainly possible to overthink things. But there are also people who are quick to jump to conclusions. This way of thinking is considered a cognitive(认知的) preference, a term psychologists use to describe a tendency toward a specific mental mistake. In our own research, we have found that quick judgments are often just one part of larger error-prone patterns in behavior and thinking. We’ve also found that people who tend to make such“jumps”in their reasoning may experience a wide range of costs. To study jumping, we worked with more than 600 people from the general population. Because much of the work on this preference comes from studies of schizophrenia (jumping to conclusions is common among people with the serious mental illness), we borrowed a thinking game used in that area of research. In this game, players met someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red, and in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished. Some players had to see many fish before making a decision. Others, the jumpers, stopped after only one or two. We also asked players questions to learn more about their other thinking patterns. We found that the fewer fish a player needed to see, the more errors individuals made in other beliefs, reasoning and decisions. In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go without a second thought is a frequent and important one. What our research and other recent studies show is that sometimes the most important decision can be when you should choose to take time before deciding. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help you avoid a major mistake. 8. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A. Ask a question. B. Bring up a topic. C. Find out a solution. D. Describe research results. 9. How does the author develop the second paragraph? A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing survey data. C. By making comparisons. D. By explaining cause and effect. 10. What can we learn about the study of jumping? A. Researchers invented a thinking game to test participants. B. The research used some related data based on schizophrenia. C. The study found that quick judgments were unrelated to other errors. D. The game was intended to see how the participants come to a conclusion. 11. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Quick conclusion makers also show more other mistakes. B. Overthinking is better than jumping to conclusions. C. Have more knowledge before making a decision. D. Help the people who have mental problems. D On Scotland’s west coast is the Firth of Clyde, a large home to thousands of porpoises(鼠海豚) and one dolphin named Kylie. Kylie hasn’t been observed with other common dolphins in at least 14 years—but she’s far from alone. On clear days in the Clyde, visitors to the marina can sometimes see Kylie swimming with porpoises, which are about two-thirds her size. New research suggests Kylie’s ties to porpoises are closer than scientists imagined. While a common dolphin’s vocal(发声的) ability should include a diverse range of clicks, whistles, and etc., Kylie doesn’t whistle. Instead, she “talks” more like porpoises, which communicate using high bursts of clicks. “The study suggests that she may be communicating with the porpoises, or at least attempting to. It’s part of a growing body of work that shows a rich world of interactions between different species of dolphins. Clearly, species in the wild interact much more than we thought,” says dolphin behavior expert Denise Herzing. To learn more about Kylie’s relationship with the porpoises, scientists borrowed a device(装置) to record sounds of Kylie and porpoises when they met each other from 2016 to 2018. “She’s definitely identified as a porpoise,” says Nairn, who trained as a sea biologist in college. Researchers also studied thousands of dolphins clicks from the recordings carefully. While dolphins whistle very often, porpoises never do. Instead, they communicate with what are called narrow-band, high-frequency (NBHF) clicks. To hear an NBHF click you have to play it about one hundred times slower. Ever since February 2021, Kylie has been missing. Nairn says he can’t help but worry. Nairn and his colleagues say they’re eager to look for and listen to Kylie as soon as the spring field season begins—and see what else she might teach us. 12. In what way are porpoises different from dolphins? A. Porpoises never whistle. B. Porpoises are bigger in size. C. Porpoises live in fresh waters. D. Porpoises like living in groups. 13. How does Kylie communicate with the porpoises? A. By whispering. B. By touching. C. By giving out clicks. D. By nodding her head. 14. What was the device used for? A. Taking clear pictures of Kylie underwater. B. Learning more about Kylie’s habitat. C. Examining how sea creatures interact each other. D. Studying the clicks made by Kylie and the porpoises. 15. What is a good way to hear an NBHF click? A. Playing it repeatedly. B. Playing it underwater. C. Playing it in a quiet place. D. Playing it a lot more slowly. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether you’re moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting (适应) to the life in a new place can be difficult. ___16___ Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home. Treat it as an adventure. ___17___ So stay positive, get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit famous places and museums. Try local activities that aren’t popular in your former city, such as skating if you come from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent or interest you never knew you had. Get involved (参与) with your neighbors. Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. ___18___ This is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet more people and feel connected. ___19___. It takes time to get to know a new place, so don’t expect to feel comfortable right away. ___20___ To help make the process easier you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. It is therefore a great time to start fulfilling a dream you’ve had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishing a novel. A. Find what you love. B. Give yourself time to adjust. C. Tell them you’re new in the town. D. Be patient and go after your dream. E. Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old town. F. It is especially true when you don’t love your new city very much. G. Living in a new place is a great opportunity to experience new things and grow up. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Feeling homesick is very common. When you are away from home, you may feel uncomfortable, upset or even ____21____. What you want most is just to be home. When you’re homesick, you’re not sick in the ____22____ way — like with a cold or headache. But a kid might cry when he or she is homesick because of feeling sad. Some can’t ____23____ at night when feeling homesick, even grown-ups. They lie in bed thinking of their family members. Here are some ____24____ to help you feel less homesick. If you’re leaving home, ____25____ your pillow or your favorite pajamas (睡衣). You can also take pictures of the people you’ll be apart from and ____26____ them anytime you want. The more ____27____ stuff you do, the less homesick you’ll feel. Try to join in ____28____ wherever you are so you can have more happy time. Keep in touch with your family. You can make a plan for when you’ll ____29____ your mom or dad. You can ____30____ email or text them to stay in touch with them. Sometimes just ____31____ your homesickness will help you feel better. Maybe you can tell a friend that you feel homesick and the two of you can do something fun — like telling each other ____32____. If you’re at a camp, a camp counselor (辅导员) would be a good person to talk with. He/ She might have some ____33____ to help you feel better. ____34____, short trips away from home can help you feel more confident and comfortable. They can also help you learn to feel less homesick, so you won’t miss out on all those adventures ____35____ you! 21. A. excited B. scared C. interested D. amazed 22. A. unhappy B. safe C. serious D. usual 23. A. laugh B. succeed C. sleep D. work 24. A. tips B. rules C. traditions D. expressions 25. A. find B. check C. throw D. take 26. A. deal with B. look at C. pick up D. look for 27. A. fun B. simple C. strange D. difficult 28. A. armies B. schools C. marches D. activities 29. A. call B. miss C. inspect D. observe 30. A. anyway B. ever C. never D. also 31. A. ending B. sharing C. destroying D. hiding 32. A. jokes B. fears C. troubles D. results 33. A. questions B. ideas C. bases D. decisions 34. A. In fact B. On purpose C. In time D. By chance 35. A. caring about B. relying on C. waiting for D. standing for 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Crew members of the Shenzhou XIV, Senior Colonel Chen Dong, Senior Colonel Liu Yang and Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe entered the Tiangong station’s core module, Tianhe, late ____36____ June 5, 2022, several hours after their Shenzhou XIV spacecraft ____37____ (send) by a Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centerin northwestern China. Then the three astronauts spent ____38____ busy month inside the Tiangong space station after they arrived at the outpost, getting ready ____39____ (oversee) the station’s in-orbit assembly. The first assignment for them was to establish an inhabitable environment inside the station. They re-configured (重新安装) the ventilation, air purification, water recycling and ____40____ (treat) as well as other life-support equipment ____41____ conducted sampling and testing of air, water and microorganisms inside Tiangong. In addition, the crew installed a carbon dioxide processing device ____42____ can improve the recycling of oxygen. They are scheduled to stay in the craft, ____43____ (move) around 400 kilometers above the Earth, for six months ____44____ (complete) the assembly in space of the colossal station. It is the second time that Chen and Liu _____45_____ (go) into space, and Cai’s first, making him the 14th Chinese astronaut in outer space. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 试以“Can Money Buy Happiness?”(金钱能买来幸福吗？)为题写一篇议论文，必须包括以下内容： (1)有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）； (2)也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）； (3)你的看法。 注意：(1) 词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jenny was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming. She was often late for school because she had to look after her sick mother, who lay in bed all through the year. The family's cooking and washing went to the young girl. Of course this brought a little inconvenience to Jenny's schooling. One morning when Jenny came in late again, Mr. Black, her class teacher, got very angry. “I will ask your father to my office if you aren’t here on time tomorrow,” he shouted at her. Jenny didn’t want him to do so. On the one hand her parents were very strict with her; on the other hand his father was working on the farm these days, for it was autumn, when all the crops had to be harvested. She didn’t want to waste her father's precious time to listen to her teacher's roar in front of all the other teachers. The next day Jenny got up early. To save time, she wolfed her breakfast. When the bell rang, she was waiting in her seat quietly, especially waiting for Mr. Black. The door opened, but an unfamiliar face appeared. “I’m Miss Green. Mr. Black is ill, so I will take his class instead today.” How disappointed Jenny was! The next morning Jenny got up even earlier. To avoid unhappy things, she went to school without breakfast. Just before she got to the school gate, she stopped: a wallet was lying on the ground! She picked it up with hesitation. “Whose is this?” she wondered. As she stood there thinking, she heard the first bell. “What shall I do?” she asked herself. “I will turn it in first,” she decided quickly and so she did. When she hurried to the classroom, Mr. Black had already begun his class. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 “Jenny, you really make me disappointed!” Mr Black shouted as soon as he saw her. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At this moment the headmaster came in hurriedly. “Your wallet, Mr Black.” he said. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1~5 BBACB 6~10 CABAB 11~15 BACAB 16~20 CBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024年度高一年级下学期期末考试模拟卷 英语试题 (120分钟 150分) 考试范围：必修第一至第三册;选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Mike do first yesterday afternoon? A. He went home. B. He went to school C. He signed up for a contest. 2. What is the correct order number for the yellow teapot? A. TP12FS. B. TP12SF. C. PT12FS. 3. What did the woman buy for Tom? A. A cell phone. B. A dictionary. C. A watch. 4. Why did the woman go straight home after the concert? A. To have a rest. B. To prepare for a class. C. To do her homework. 5. What was the man doing at noon today? A. He was meeting a friend. B. He was sleeping. C. He was having lunch. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman looking for the envelope? A. She wants to send a letter. B. She plans to give it to Jill. C. Her PIN number is in it. 7. What might the woman do next? A. Find Jill. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Buy an envelope. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 9. Where will the two speakers have their supper? A. In a restaurant. B. In a school. C. At home. 听第 8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why is the man making the call? A. To have a talk with Tom. B. To invite the woman to a movie. C. To introduce a friend to the woman. 11. What is Tom doing? A. Watching TV. B. Talking on the phone. C. Having fun with Julie. 12. What can we learn about Sam? A. He knows Julie. B. He lives in town. C. He lives with a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A film. B. Country life. C. A novel. 14. When did the woman’s uncle begin to work in the country? A. In 1973. B. In 1988. C. In 1990. 15. What is the woman’s uncle like? A. Easygoing. B. Hardworking. C. Humorous. 16. What is the story about? A. School life. B. Factory life. C. Country life. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What difference does the speaker talk about first? A. Some expressions. B. Traffic rules. C. The food. 18. What does the speaker think of the weather in London? A. Changeable. B. Great. C. Uncomfortable. 19. When does the speaker finish work now? A. At 5 pm. B. At 8:30 pm. C. At 9 pm. 20. Where did the speaker use to go on Friday evening in America? A. To the club. B. To the gym. C. To the restaurant. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Strangest Jobs in the World You may be tired of a 9-to-5 job. Or you may be looking for something different to do. You won’t believe what some of these people do for a living. Check out these strangest jobs and tell us if you could handle doing any of them. Watching Paint Dry This may be one of the most boring jobs in the world. The paint company hires people to watch paint dry. They need to take note of the changing colors and have to examine the changes under a microscope (显微镜) as well as on the walls. Iceberg (冰山) Mover This job appeared after the Titanic tragedy (悲剧) in 1912. Iceberg movers remove icebergs and prevent any further accidents. Using satellites and airplanes, the movers search the seas for icebergs. And if any is found, they pull the iceberg to an area where it won’t be in the way. Pulling an iceberg can take up to 72 hours. This is because the boat needs ten hours to reach a speed of just one mile per hour. Luggage Organizer There are many camp activities for children in New York. Mothers are now inviting luggage organizers to pack their kids’ bags. To hire an organizer costs around US $ 250 an hour. It can take up to four hours to be fully packed and ready. US $ 1,000 to pay somebody to pack your kids’ bags, is it worth it? 1. What is the aim of the job of an iceberg mover? A. To do a search for life in the sea. B. To be in memory of the movie Titanic. C. To prevent any more accidents on the sea. D. To test the speed of boats pulling icebergs. 2. What makes the job of watching paint dry special? A Its salary is higher than other jobs. B It is very boring and needs patience. C. It takes very little time and effort. D. It needs much relevant experience. 3. What can we learn about the job of a luggage organizer? A. It is an easy job. B. It is a full-time job. C. It is suitable for children to do. D. Its necessity is questioned. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上三种最奇怪的工作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Iceberg (冰山) Mover部分“This job appeared after the Titanic tragedy (悲剧) in 1912. Iceberg movers remove icebergs and prevent any further accidents. (这份工作出现在1912年泰坦尼克号悲剧之后。冰山搬运工移走冰山，防止任何进一步的事故发生。)”可知，冰山搬运工的工作目的是为了防止海上发生更多的事故。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Watching Paint Dry部分“This may be one of the most boring jobs in the world. The paint company hires people to watch paint dry. They need to take note of the changing colors and have to examine the changes under a microscope (显微镜) as well as on the walls. (这可能是世界上最无聊的工作之一。油漆公司雇佣人员来观察油漆的干燥情况。他们需要注意颜色的变化，并必须在显微镜下和在墙上检查这些变化。)”可知，这一工作很无聊，并且工作人员需要在显微镜下和在墙上检查变化，工作是需要耐心的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Luggage Organizer部分“US $ 1,000 to pay somebody to pack your kids’ bags, is it worth it? (花1000美元请人帮你收拾孩子的包，值吗？)”可知，这份工作是否值得被提出疑问，工作的必要性受到质疑。故选D项。 B It’s “Baby Day” at the Riverpark seniors’ home in Ottawa — a twice-monthly event Eulah Johnson, 90, never misses. “I really enjoy it. It’s a shift from the regular routine,” says the retired nurse. Today, Johnson sits on a sofa and looks at a laughing child seated on the seat of her walker. After a few moments, the girl skips off to play with other small children and babies mixed with 20 of Johnson’s fellow residents. Some, like 12-month-old Owen, are regular visitors to Ottawa seniors’ homes. “We’ve been doing this since he was three months old,” says his mother, Allison Rodgers, 33. She loves the social calls, too. “I didn’t have grandparents while growing up. It’s nice to spend time with older people, and it feels good to know they’re getting so much out of it.” Babies Who Volunteer, the initiative bringing these generations together, is the inspired idea of Jessica Turner, a former educational assistant. The idea came about during a March 2018 visit with her 22-month-old daughter Amelia to a friend’s mother, who was living in a long-term-care unit. She was most surprised by the response of her friend’s mother; she hadn’t spoken for two years, but with Amelia in her lap, she began singing. Jessica went home and immediately put out a call on a mums’ Facebook group: Would anyone be interested in dropping by seniors’ homes with their babies? A year later, there are now 1,500 volunteers, and the organization visits 39 homes in Ottawa. “Everyone benefits from intergenerational programmes,” Jessica says. “This playgroup is good for the mothers, too. They’re giving something to the community, which provides a sense of purpose and belonging. It can really help someone who is feeling isolated.” 4. What can we learn about the event Johnson never misses at the seniors’ home? A. It’s a visit with her children. B. It’s about Baby Day performances. C. It’s children’s regular visits. D. It’s her shift from routine work. 5. What did Jessica ask mothers to do after her March 2018 visit? A. Visit seniors’ homes with their babies. B. Donate to help senior people in the city. C. Encourage them to keep in touch through Facebook. D. Get seniors into social life internationally. 6. What does Jessica think is the benefit of the project? A. Children can grow up with their grandparents. B. Everyone can become good at communication. C. Online attention can be drawn to the life of seniors. D. Mothers can have a life goal by reaching out to the old. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Regular visits to the old. B. The baby effect on seniors. C. Connection with the seniors. D. Mothers’ sense of belonging. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Babies Who Volunteer组织Baby Day活动，帮助社区老人的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s “Baby Day” at the Riverpark seniors’ home in Ottawa — a twice-monthly event Eulah Johnson, 90, never misses. (今天是渥太华Riverpark老年人之家的Baby Day，这是一个每月两次的活动，90岁的尤拉·约翰逊从未错过。)”以及第二段“After a few moments, the girl skips off to play with other small children and babies mixed with 20 of Johnson’s fellow residents. (过了一会儿，女孩跳了出去，和其他小孩和婴儿一起玩，还有约翰逊的20名同伴。)”可知，约翰逊从未错过的活动是Baby Day，这是一个每月两次的活动，孩子们定期探访。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The idea came about during a March 2018 visit with her 22-month-old daughter Amelia to a friend’s mother, who was living in a long-term-care unit. She was most surprised by the response of her friend’s mother; she hadn’t spoken for two years, but with Amelia in her lap, she began singing. Jessica went home and immediately put out a call on a mums’ Facebook group: Would anyone be interested in dropping by seniors’ homes with their babies? (这个想法是在2018年3月，她和22个月大的女儿阿米莉亚去看望一位朋友的母亲时产生的，当时她住在一个长期护理室。她最惊讶的是她朋友母亲的反应；她已经两年没有说话了，但有了阿米莉亚在她的腿上，她开始唱歌。杰西卡回家后，立即在妈妈们的脸书群组上发出呼吁：有人有兴趣带着婴儿去拜访老人之家吗？)”可知，杰西卡在2018年3月拜访朋友母亲后，建议妈妈们带她们的婴儿去老人之家探望。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This playgroup is good for the mothers, too. They’re giving something to the community, which provides a sense of purpose and belonging. It can really help someone who is feeling isolated. (这个活动小组对母亲们也有好处。她们为社区做出了贡献，这提供了一种目标感和归属感。它真的可以帮助那些感到孤独的人。)”可知，通过提供志愿者活动，妈妈们可以为社区做一些贡献，这给她们的人生带来一种使命感和归属感，即妈妈们可以通过帮助老人来实现人生目标。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s “Baby Day” at the Riverpark seniors’ home in Ottawa — a twice-monthly event Eulah Johnson, 90, never misses. “I really enjoy it. It’s a shift from the regular routine,” says the retired nurse. (今天是渥太华Riverpark老年人之家的Baby Day，这是一个每月两次的活动，90岁的尤拉·约翰逊从未错过。这位退休护士说：“我真的很喜欢。这是一种与日常生活的转变。”)”、第五段“She was most surprised by the response of her friend’s mother; she hadn’t spoken for two years, but with Amelia in her lap, she began singing. Jessica went home and immediately put out a call on a mums’ Facebook group: Would anyone be interested in dropping by seniors’ homes with their babies? (她最惊讶的是她朋友母亲的反应；她已经两年没有说话了，但有了阿米莉亚在她的腿上，她开始唱歌。杰西卡回家后，立即在妈妈们的脸书群组上发出呼吁：有人有兴趣带着婴儿去拜访老人之家吗？)”以及第六段“A year later, there are now 1,500 volunteers, and the organization visits 39 homes in Ottawa. (一年后，现在有1500名志愿者，该组织访问了渥太华的39个家庭。)”可知，本文主要讲述了志愿者组织的Baby Day活动帮助社区老人，婴儿给社区老人带来影响。故选B项。 C How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? The answer for many of us, it turns out, is “hardly any”, even with major investments. To be sure, some people go over every detail carefully before making a choice, and it’s certainly possible to overthink things. But there are also people who are quick to jump to conclusions. This way of thinking is considered a cognitive(认知的) preference, a term psychologists use to describe a tendency toward a specific mental mistake. In our own research, we have found that quick judgments are often just one part of larger error-prone patterns in behavior and thinking. We’ve also found that people who tend to make such“jumps”in their reasoning may experience a wide range of costs. To study jumping, we worked with more than 600 people from the general population. Because much of the work on this preference comes from studies of schizophrenia (jumping to conclusions is common among people with the serious mental illness), we borrowed a thinking game used in that area of research. In this game, players met someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red, and in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished. Some players had to see many fish before making a decision. Others, the jumpers, stopped after only one or two. We also asked players questions to learn more about their other thinking patterns. We found that the fewer fish a player needed to see, the more errors individuals made in other beliefs, reasoning and decisions. In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go without a second thought is a frequent and important one. What our research and other recent studies show is that sometimes the most important decision can be when you should choose to take time before deciding. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help you avoid a major mistake. 8. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A. Ask a question. B. Bring up a topic. C. Find out a solution. D. Describe research results. 9. How does the author develop the second paragraph? A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing survey data. C. By making comparisons. D. By explaining cause and effect. 10. What can we learn about the study of jumping? A. Researchers invented a thinking game to test participants. B. The research used some related data based on schizophrenia. C. The study found that quick judgments were unrelated to other errors. D. The game was intended to see how the participants come to a conclusion. 11. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Quick conclusion makers also show more other mistakes. B. Overthinking is better than jumping to conclusions. C. Have more knowledge before making a decision. D. Help the people who have mental problems. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究发现告诉我们：我们在做决定前应该花一些时间考虑一下，而不是匆匆做决定。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段首句“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision?（在做出决定之前，你花了多少时间做研究？）”可知，作者通过提出问题来引入话题，探讨人们在做决策前进行研究的时间。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“some people go over every detail carefully before making a choice, and it’s certainly possible to overthink things. But there are also people who are quick to jump to conclusions.（有些人在做出选择之前会仔细检查每一个细节，当然也有可能过度思考。但也有人很快就会得出结论。）”可知，这里通过对比两种不同的决策方式——仔细检查每一处细节和快速得出结论，来展开论述。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In this game, players met someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red, and in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished.（在这个游戏中，玩家遇到了一个从两个湖泊之一钓鱼的人：在一个湖里，大多数鱼是红色的，而在另一个湖里，大多数是灰色的。渔夫一次钓一条鱼，直到玩家认为他们可以说出正在钓鱼的是哪个湖时才停止。）”可知，游戏的目的是观察参与者如何得出结论。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“What our research and other recent studies show is that sometimes the most important decision can be when you should choose to take time before deciding. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help you avoid a major mistake.（我们的研究和其他最近的研究表明，有时最重要的决定可能是在决定之前选择花时间。即使收集再多一点证据也可能帮助你避免重大错误。）”可知，文章主要讨论了快速下结论的人在其他方面也更易犯错的观点。故选A项。 D On Scotland’s west coast is the Firth of Clyde, a large home to thousands of porpoises(鼠海豚) and one dolphin named Kylie. Kylie hasn’t been observed with other common dolphins in at least 14 years—but she’s far from alone. On clear days in the Clyde, visitors to the marina can sometimes see Kylie swimming with porpoises, which are about two-thirds her size. New research suggests Kylie’s ties to porpoises are closer than scientists imagined. While a common dolphin’s vocal(发声的) ability should include a diverse range of clicks, whistles, and etc., Kylie doesn’t whistle. Instead, she “talks” more like porpoises, which communicate using high bursts of clicks. “The study suggests that she may be communicating with the porpoises, or at least attempting to. It’s part of a growing body of work that shows a rich world of interactions between different species of dolphins. Clearly, species in the wild interact much more than we thought,” says dolphin behavior expert Denise Herzing. To learn more about Kylie’s relationship with the porpoises, scientists borrowed a device(装置) to record sounds of Kylie and porpoises when they met each other from 2016 to 2018. “She’s definitely identified as a porpoise,” says Nairn, who trained as a sea biologist in college. Researchers also studied thousands of dolphins clicks from the recordings carefully. While dolphins whistle very often, porpoises never do. Instead, they communicate with what are called narrow-band, high-frequency (NBHF) clicks. To hear an NBHF click you have to play it about one hundred times slower. Ever since February 2021, Kylie has been missing. Nairn says he can’t help but worry. Nairn and his colleagues say they’re eager to look for and listen to Kylie as soon as the spring field season begins—and see what else she might teach us. 12. In what way are porpoises different from dolphins? A. Porpoises never whistle. B. Porpoises are bigger in size. C. Porpoises live in fresh waters. D. Porpoises like living in groups. 13. How does Kylie communicate with the porpoises? A. By whispering. B. By touching. C. By giving out clicks. D. By nodding her head. 14. What was the device used for? A. Taking clear pictures of Kylie underwater. B. Learning more about Kylie’s habitat. C. Examining how sea creatures interact each other. D. Studying the clicks made by Kylie and the porpoises. 15. What is a good way to hear an NBHF click? A. Playing it repeatedly. B. Playing it underwater. C. Playing it in a quiet place. D. Playing it a lot more slowly. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了一只普通的海豚Kylie和一群鼠海豚一起游泳这一奇怪的现象。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While a common dolphin’s vocal(发声的) ability should include a diverse range of clicks, whistles, and etc., Kylie doesn’t whistle. (虽然普通海豚的发声能力应该包括各种各样的咔哒声、哨声等，但凯莉不会吹口哨。)”以及第五段“While dolphins whistle very often, porpoises never do. (海豚经常吹口哨，而鼠海豚从不吹口哨。)”可知，鼠海豚从不吹口哨。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While a common dolphin’s vocal(发声的) ability should include a diverse range of clicks, whistles, and etc., Kylie doesn’t whistle. Instead, she ‘talks’ more like porpoises, which communicate using high bursts of clicks. (虽然普通海豚的发声能力应该包括各种各样的咔哒声、哨声等，但凯莉不会吹口哨。相反，她“说话”更像海豚，用高频率的咔哒声交流。)”可知，Kylie“说话”更像鼠海豚，即通过一连串尖锐的咔咔声进行交流。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To learn more about Kylie’s relationship with the porpoises, scientists borrowed a device(装置) to record sounds of Kylie and porpoises when they met each other from 2016 to 2018. (为了更多地了解凯莉与鼠海豚的关系，科学家们借用了一种设备，记录了凯莉和鼠海豚在2016年至2018年相遇时的声音。)”可知，为了进一步了解Kylie 与鼠海豚的关系，科学家们借用一台装置记录了 2016年至2018年间Kylie与鼠海豚多次相遇的音频。故选D。 15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To hear an NBHF click you have to play it about one hundred times slower. (要听到NBHF的咔哒声，你必须放慢大约100倍的速度。)”可知，如果想要听到鼠海豚的窄带高频咔咔声，你必须慢速播放。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether you’re moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting (适应) to the life in a new place can be difficult. ___16___ Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home. Treat it as an adventure. ___17___ So stay positive, get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit famous places and museums. Try local activities that aren’t popular in your former city, such as skating if you come from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent or interest you never knew you had. Get involved (参与) with your neighbors. Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. ___18___ This is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet more people and feel connected. ___19___ It takes time to get to know a new place, so don’t expect to feel comfortable right away. ___20___ To help make the process easier you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. It is therefore a great time to start fulfilling a dream you’ve had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishing a novel. A. Find what you love. B. Give yourself time to adjust. C. Tell them you’re new in the town. D. Be patient and go after your dream. E. Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old town. F. It is especially true when you don’t love your new city very much. G. Living in a new place is a great opportunity to experience new things and grow up. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文就人们搬到一个新地方后如何适应新的环境和生活给出了一些具体的建议。 【16题详解】 前面一句“Whether you’re moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting (适应) to the life in a new place can be difficult.”中列举了人们搬家的原因，提出了适应新环境是困难的这一现实情况。F项中的“尤其是当你不太喜欢你的新城市时”是对上文的进一步说明。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据横线后面一句“So stay positive, get out there and explore!”可知本段主要告诉我们要把搬家当成一次冒险，以积极的态度去体验新事物。G项符合本部分内容，故选G。 【18题详解】 本段主要讲述要使自己融入到邻居之中，空前一句“Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet.”建议我们向邻居和你遇到的每个人介绍你自己，C项中的them指代前一句的 “ neighbors and everyone else you meet”.故选C。 【19题详解】 此处空是本部分的主旨句。根据部分中的 “ It takes time to get to know a new place”和 “ It is therefore a great time to start fulfilling a dream”可知，本部分主要讲不要着急，要耐心适应新环境，然后去实现自己的梦想。故选D。 【20题详解】 B项中的 “ Give yourself time”与上一句中的 “ It takes time”相照应，告诉我们不要着急，适应新环境需要时间。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Feeling homesick is very common. When you are away from home, you may feel uncomfortable, upset or even ____21____. What you want most is just to be home. When you’re homesick, you’re not sick in the ____22____ way — like with a cold or headache. But a kid might cry when he or she is homesick because of feeling sad. Some can’t ____23____ at night when feeling homesick, even grown-ups. They lie in bed thinking of their family members. Here are some ____24____ to help you feel less homesick. If you’re leaving home, ____25____ your pillow or your favorite pajamas (睡衣). You can also take pictures of the people you’ll be apart from and ____26____ them anytime you want. The more ____27____ stuff you do, the less homesick you’ll feel. Try to join in ____28____ wherever you are so you can have more happy time. Keep in touch with your family. You can make a plan for when you’ll ____29____ your mom or dad. You can ____30____ email or text them to stay in touch with them. Sometimes just ____31____ your homesickness will help you feel better. Maybe you can tell a friend that you feel homesick and the two of you can do something fun — like telling each other ____32____. If you’re at a camp, a camp counselor (辅导员) would be a good person to talk with. He/ She might have some ____33____ to help you feel better. ____34____, short trips away from home can help you feel more confident and comfortable. They can also help you learn to feel less homesick, so you won’t miss out on all those adventures ____35____ you! 21. A. excited B. scared C. interested D. amazed 22. A. unhappy B. safe C. serious D. usual 23. A. laugh B. succeed C. sleep D. work 24. A. tips B. rules C. traditions D. expressions 25. A. find B. check C. throw D. take 26. A. deal with B. look at C. pick up D. look for 27. A. fun B. simple C. strange D. difficult 28. A. armies B. schools C. marches D. activities 29. A. call B. miss C. inspect D. observe 30. A. anyway B. ever C. never D. also 31. A. ending B. sharing C. destroying D. hiding 32. A. jokes B. fears C. troubles D. results 33. A. questions B. ideas C. bases D. decisions 34. A. In fact B. On purpose C. In time D. By chance 35. A. caring about B. relying on C. waiting for D. standing for 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。其主要目的是为读者提供处理想家情绪的实用建议和策略，帮助读者更好地适应远离家乡的生活。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你远离家乡时，你可能会感到不舒服、沮丧，甚至害怕。A. excited兴奋的；B. scared害怕的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据文章开头“Feeling homesick is very common.”说明了想家是一种普遍的情绪，而“scared”与前面的“uncomfortable”和“upset”并列，共同描绘了远离家乡时可能出现的负面情绪。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你想家的时候，你并不是以通常的方式生病——就像感冒或头痛一样。A. unhappy不快乐的；B. safe安全的；C. serious严重的；D. usual通常的。根据文章中提到的“homesick”与“cold or headache”进行对比，强调想家虽然让人感觉不适，但并不像感冒或头痛那样是生理上的通常的疾病。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你想家的时候，有些人晚上无法睡觉，甚至成年人也是。A. laugh大笑；B. succeed成功；C. sleep睡觉；D. work工作。根据本句中的“at night”可知，想家时晚上可能睡不好觉，失眠。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一些小贴士，可以帮助你减少想家感觉。A. tips小贴士；B. rules规则；C. traditions传统；D. expressions表达。根据文章中提到的“to help you feel less homesick”，这里的“tips”指的是文章后面列出的一系列建议，旨在帮助读者应对想家的问题。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你要离开家，带走你的枕头或你最喜欢的睡衣。A. find找到；B. check检查；C. throw抛弃；D. take带走。根据文章中提到的“ leaving home”可知，建议离家时携带熟悉的物品，以减轻想家感。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你也可以随身携带你想念的人的照片，并随时看它们。A. deal with应对；B. look at看；C. pick up捡起；D. look for寻找。根据文章中提到的“take pictures of the people you’ll be apart from ”可知，带着照片就是为了随时看看，有助于缓解想家的情绪。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你做的有趣的事情越多，你越不会想家。A. fun有趣的；B. simple简单的；C. strange奇怪的；D. difficult困难的。这里的“fun”与后文的“more happy time”呼应，指出做有趣的事情可以分散注意力，减少想家感。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你在哪里，试着加入活动，这样你可以有更多快乐的时光。A. armies军队；B. schools学校；C. marches游行；D. activities活动。从文章中提到的“ so you can have more happy time.”可知，参与各种活动，以增加快乐时光，减少想家的感觉。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以制定计划，何时打电话给你的妈妈或爸爸。A. call 打电话；B. miss怀念；C. inspect检查；D. observe观察。根据前文的“Keep in touch with your family”可知，这里的“call”指的是建议通过定期与家人通话来保持联系，有助于缓解想家的情绪。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你也可以通过电子邮件或短信与他们保持联系。A. anyway无论如何；B. ever曾经；C. never从不；D. also也。根据上文提到的“__9__your mom or dad”和后面的“also”表示除了打电话以外，还有其他方式与家人保持联系。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，仅仅分享你的想家感就能帮助你感觉更好。A. ending结束；B. sharing分享；C. destroying毁灭；D. hiding隐藏。根据下文的“you can tell a friend that you feel homesick”可知，这里的指的是与他人分享自己想家的感受，这有助于获得安慰和支持。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：可能你可以告诉一个朋友你感觉想家并且你俩可以一起做一些有趣的事---比如互相讲笑话。A. jokes笑话；B. fears恐惧；C. troubles麻烦；D. results结果。根据文章中提到的“do something fun”可知，作者建议你和朋友一起做一些有趣的事，因此，本空可选“讲笑话”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他/她可能有一些主意来帮助你感觉更好。A. question问题；B. ideas主意；C. bases基础；D. decisions决定。根据文章中提到的“camp counselor would be a good person to talk with”可知，辅导员可能提出建议或策略，帮助你感觉更好。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：实际上，短暂的离家旅行可以帮助你感觉更加自信和舒适。A. In fact实际上；B. On purpose故意地；C. In time及时；D. By chance偶然地。根据文章中提到的“short trips away from home can help you feel more confident and comfortable”，这里的“In fact”用于强调这种做法的实际效果，指出短暂的离家旅行确实有助于增强自信和舒适感。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们也可以帮助你学会减少想家的感觉，这样你就不会错过所有等待你的冒险！A. caring about关心；B. relying on依赖；C. waiting for等待；D. standing for代表。这里的“waiting for”强调了冒险活动是等待着你去体验的，而不是因为你过于想家而错过的。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Crew members of the Shenzhou XIV, Senior Colonel Chen Dong, Senior Colonel Liu Yang and Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe entered the Tiangong station’s core module, Tianhe, late ____36____ June 5, 2022, several hours after their Shenzhou XIV spacecraft ____37____ (send) by a Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centerin northwestern China. Then the three astronauts spent ____38____ busy month inside the Tiangong space station after they arrived at the outpost, getting ready ____39____ (oversee) the station’s in-orbit assembly. The first assignment for them was to establish an inhabitable environment inside the station. They re-configured (重新安装) the ventilation, air purification, water recycling and ____40____ (treat) as well as other life-support equipment ____41____ conducted sampling and testing of air, water and microorganisms inside Tiangong. In addition, the crew installed a carbon dioxide processing device ____42____ can improve the recycling of oxygen. They are scheduled to stay in the craft, ____43____ (move) around 400 kilometers above the Earth, for six months ____44____ (complete) the assembly in space of the colossal station. It is the second time that Chen and Liu _____45_____ (go) into space, and Cai’s first, making him the 14th Chinese astronaut in outer space. 【答案】36. on 37. was sent 38. a 39. to oversee 40. treatment 41. and 42. that##which 43. moving 44. to complete 45. have gone 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了神舟十四号飞船的发射以及在太空中需要完成的任务。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：2022年6月5日晚，在神舟十四号飞船由长征2F火箭从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射几个小时后，神舟十四号的机组人员陈冬大校、刘洋大校和蔡旭哲大校进入了天宫站的核心模块天河。空格处位于具体的某一天之前，所以需要用介词on。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查被动语态以及时态。句意：2022年6月5日晚，在神舟十四号飞船由长征2F火箭从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射几个小时后，神舟十四号的机组人员陈冬大校、刘洋大校和蔡旭哲大校进入了天宫站的核心模块天河。分析句子结构可知，空格处为after引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以需要用一般过去时；此处“Shenzhou XIV spacecraft”与“send”之间为被动关系，所以需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，所以be动词用was。故填was sent。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：三名宇航员抵达空间站后，在天宫空间站内度过了忙碌的一个月，准备监督空间站的在轨装配。空格处位于单数可数名词之前，所以需要填入冠词；冠词之后的单词的首字母发音为辅音，所以用a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：三名宇航员抵达空间站后，在天宫空间站内度过了忙碌的一个月，准备监督空间站的在轨装配。get ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”。故填to oversee。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们重新配置了通风、空气净化、水循环和处理等生命维持设备，并对天宫内的空气、水和微生物进行了采样和检测。空格处与“the ventilation, air purification, water recycling”并列，所以需要填入名词；treat的名词为treatment，意为“处理”。故填treatment。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们重新配置了通风、空气净化、水循环和处理等生命维持设备，并对天宫内的空气、水和微生物进行了采样和检测。“re-configured”与“conducted”为两个并列的动作，所以需要填入连词and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此外，机组人员还安装了一个二氧化碳处理装置，可以提高氧气的回收利用率。分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句的连接词，代替先行词在从句中作主语；先行词为“a carbon dioxide processing device”，为物，所以用that或者which。故填that或者which。 【43题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：他们计划在飞船上停留6个月，在距离地球400公里的地方飞行，完成在太空中组装这个巨大空间站的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，逻辑主语They与动词之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。故填moving。 【44题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：他们计划在飞船上停留6个月，在距离地球400公里的地方飞行，完成在太空中组装这个巨大空间站的工作。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，所以需要填入非谓语动词，空格处表示目的，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to complete。 【45题详解】 考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：这是陈和刘第二次进入太空，蔡是第一次进入太空，使他成为第14位进入太空的中国宇航员。It is the second time+that从句，从句中需要用现在完成时，句子的主语为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have gone。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 试以“Can Money Buy Happiness?”(金钱能买来幸福吗？)为题写一篇议论文，必须包括以下内容： (1)有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）； (2)也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）； (3)你的看法。 注意：(1) 词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Can Money Buy Happiness? Different people have different opinions. Some think yes, while others hold the opposite. It is true that with enough money one can buy all the things one wants, and live a life of comfort and security. However, it is equally true that a lack of money causes great distress. It is a common view that money is the root of all evil. The pursuit of money drives many people to cheat and steal. In some places there is nothing that cannot be bought with money, resulting in corrupt societies where everybody is miserable. So, money does not necessarily mean happiness. It all depends on how it is used. If we make honest and sensible use of money, it can be a stepping-stone to happiness. Although money cannot buy happiness, it can make happiness possible if it is employed sensibly. 【解析】 【分析】 本文属于命题议论文。要求考生以“Can Money Buy Happiness?”(金钱能买来幸福吗？)为题写一篇议论文。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：议论文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 要求： 1. 有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）； 2. 也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）； 3. 你的看法。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） hold the opposite; It is true that...; live a...life; a lack of ; pursuit; drive; result in; not necessarily; depend on; make honest and sensible use of; stepping-stone; sensibly 第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句） 1.Different people have different opinions. 2. Some think yes, while others hold the opposite. 3. It is true that with enough money one can buy all the things one wants, and live a life of comfort and security. 4. However, it is equally true that a lack of money causes great distress. 5. It is a common view that money is the root of all evil. 6. The pursuit of money drives many people to cheat and steal. 7. In some places there is nothing that cannot be bought with money, resulting in corrupt societies where everybody is miserable. 8. So, money does not necessarily mean happiness. 9. It all depends on how it is used. 10. If we make honest and sensible use of money, it can be a stepping-stone to happiness. 11. Although money cannot buy happiness, it can make happiness possible if it is employed sensibly. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second (供参考) 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover (供参考) 3.表转折对比关系：However, Although+clause(从句), Some…,while others… 4.表因果关系： So 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1]It is true that with enough money one can buy all the things one wants, and live a life of comfort and security. (it是形式主语，that引导主语从句是真正的主语) [高分句型2]In some places there is nothing that cannot be bought with money, resulting in corrupt societies where everybody is miserable. (there be句型；that引导定语从句；现在分词短语resulting in作状语；where引导定语从句) [高分句型3]Although money cannot buy happiness, it can make happiness possible if it is employed sensibly. (Although引导让步状语从句和if引导条件状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jenny was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming. She was often late for school because she had to look after her sick mother, who lay in bed all through the year. The family's cooking and washing went to the young girl. Of course this brought a little inconvenience to Jenny's schooling. One morning when Jenny came in late again, Mr. Black, her class teacher, got very angry. “I will ask your father to my office if you aren’t here on time tomorrow,” he shouted at her. Jenny didn’t want him to do so. On the one hand her parents were very strict with her; on the other hand his father was working on the farm these days, for it was autumn, when all the crops had to be harvested. She didn’t want to waste her father's precious time to listen to her teacher's roar in front of all the other teachers. The next day, Jenny got up early. To save time, she wolfed her breakfast. When the bell rang, she was waiting in her seat quietly, especially waiting for Mr. Black. The door opened, but an unfamiliar face appeared. “I’m Miss Green. Mr. Black is ill, so I will take his class instead today.” How disappointed Jenny was! The next morning Jenny got up even earlier. To avoid unhappy things, she went to school without breakfast. Just before she got to the school gate, she stopped: a wallet was lying on the ground! She picked it up with hesitation. “Whose is this?” she wondered. As she stood there thinking, she heard the first bell. “What shall I do?” she asked herself. “I will turn it in first,” she decided quickly and so she did. When she hurried to the classroom, Mr. Black had already begun his class. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Jenny, you really make me disappointed!” Mr Black shouted as soon as he saw her. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At this moment the headmaster came in hurriedly. “Your wallet, Mr Black.” he said. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】one possible version: Paragraph 1: “Jenny, you really make me disappointed!” Mr Black shouted as soon as he saw her. Jenny lowered her head with fear, saying “I’m sorry, Sir. I didn’t mean to, but there was something happened on the way.” Mr Black, who clearly thought Jenny was lying, stopped her. “Come to my office after class and go back to your seat now.” Then he went on with his lesson. Jenny was fidgeting in class. The bell finally rang. After a struggle, Jenny went to the principal’s office first, giving him the wallet and explaining, and then she ran quickly to the office to find Mr Black. There was no doubt that he felt angry again. Paragraph 2: At this moment the headmaster came in hurriedly. “Your wallet, Mr Black.” he said. When he saw Jenny, he said happily, “Oh, it was this little girl who found your wallet.” Hearing this, Mr Black felt a bit surprised. He soon recovered his spirit and thanked Jenny. Meanwhile, he had a better understanding of Jenny’s family. He thought he would try his best to help this girl. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jenny因为自己早上要照顾她生病的母亲所以经常迟到，被科任老师 Mr Black责备。这一天Jenny又迟到了，Mr Black让Jenny下课后去办公室找他。后来校长把钱包拿给了Mr Black，Mr Black知道了Jenny的善行并了解了她的家庭情况，决心要帮助她。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““Jenny，你真让我失望!” Mr Black一看见她就大叫起来。”可知，第一段可描写 Mr Black责备Jenny，并让她下课后去办公室找他。Jenny把钱包交给了校长。 ②由第二段首句内容“这时校长匆匆忙忙地进来了。“你的钱包， Mr Black。”他说。”可知，第二段可描写校长拿着钱包还给Mr Black，Mr Black知道了Jenny的善行并了解了她的家庭情况，决心要帮助她。 2.续写线索：Mr Black责备Jenny——叫Jenny去办公室——Jenny交钱包给校长——校长归还钱包——Mr Black知道善行——Mr Black了解情况——Mr Black决心帮助Jenny 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发生：happen/ take place/ occur ②尽力做：try one’s best to do/ make the best of/ struggle to do 情绪类 ①害怕：with fear/ in terror/ dreadfully ②生气：angry/ annoyed/ in a huff 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Mr Black, who clearly thought Jenny was lying, stopped her. “Come to my office after class and go back to your seat now.” （运用了由who引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]. There was no doubt that he felt angry again.（运用了that引导的同位语从句） [高分句型3]. When he saw Jenny, he said happily, “Oh, it was this little girl who found your wallet.” （运用了强调句和由when引导的时间状语从句） 听力1~5 BBACB 6~10 CABAB 11~15 BACAB 16~20 CBCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$