精品解析： 安徽省宣城市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

null 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量监测 八年级英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共四大题，满分20分） Ⅰ.短对话理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 1. Lisa hurt herself in ________.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. a park B. PE class C. a forest 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: What happened to Lisa? M: She hurt herself in PE class, and she has a sore back. 2. Mary wants to be ________.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. a teacher B. an animal doctor C. an artist 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: What do you want to be when you grow up, Mary? W: I love painting. I want to be an artist. 3. John was ________ when the heavy rain started. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. doing homework B. cleaning the living room C. watching TV 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】A：I was in the study doing my homework when the heavy rain started. What were you doing at that time, John? B：Oh, I was in the living room watching TV. 4. There are ________students in the school. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. 2385 B. 3258 C. 2538 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: How many students are there in your school, Mr Green? M: There are all together 2,385 students. 5. Lily is going to the museum next ________.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Thursday B. Saturday C. Sunday 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi! Lily. Have you ever been to the Xuan Paper Museum? W: No, I haven’t yet. But I’m going there next Saturday. Ⅱ.长对话理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，请根据每段对话内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Peter’s ________will come over today. A. teacher B. grandma C. uncle 7. Peter will help his mother ________. A. take out the rubbish B. do the dishes C. sweep the floor 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】A: Peter, we need to clean the house. Your grandma is coming over at ten thirty. B: Sure, but I have to do my homework first. A: OK. Then after you finish your homework, let’s clean the kitchen. I can do the dishes and sweep the floor. Could you please take out the rubbish? B: Sure, Mom. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Amy doesn’t want to give away her toy bear because ________. A. it’s new B. it’s expensive C. it has special meaning to her 9. Amy’s mother has bought some ________ for the children. A. books B. sweaters C. dresses 10. They will go to the Children’s Home ________ tomorrow. A. by car B. by bike C. on foot 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 【解析】 【原文】A: Amy! Let’s look through this box of old things and decide what to give away. B: OK! Mom. I think I can give away the toy tiger and the magazines. But I want to keep the toy bear because I’ve had it since I was a baby. Grandma bought it for me on my fifth birthday. It has special meaning to me. A: OK! You can give away the sweater and dress, too. They don’t fit you anymore. And I have bought some books for the children. B: Great! We can take these things to the children’s home tomorrow then. By the way, how can we get there? A: Your dad is going to drive us there. Ⅲ.短文理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题，请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. The snow leopards (雪豹) mainly live in ________ the of China in the wild. A. northwest B. southwest C. northeast 12. Snow leopards are good at ________. A. swimming B. jumping C. shouting 13. At birth, the baby snow leopard has ________ eyes. A. gray B. blue C. light green 14. Usually the ________ leopard takes care of the babies. A. mother B. father C. grandparent 15. Many baby snow leopards can’t live long because ________. A. they die of illnesses B. humans cut down forests C. other animals may kill them 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【原文】Have you ever heard of the snow leopards? In China, they mainly live in the northwest of China. Including Sheenjiang, Cheenhai and Xizang. They have thick hair and long tails to keep warm. Thanks to the strong legs. They are good at jumping on the rocks. They are shy, so it’s not easy to see them in nature. There are only about 3, 000snow leopardliving in the wild nature. The adults now leopards usually have gray or light green eyes while the baby leopards have blue eyes at birth. The father snow leopard leaves his wife before the babies are born. So the mother takes care of the babies of her own. She has to go out to look for food, leaving the babies at home by themselves. Then other animals may kill them. That’s why many baby leopards can’t live long. Ⅳ.信息转换（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 你将听到一篇短文，请根据短文内容和下面表格中的信息提示，在信息表中相应的横线上填入所缺的单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How To Read More Study It shows the kids who read for half an hour or more daily ____16____ up less than 20% of students. About 50% of students read less than ____17____ minutes. ____18____ Make a ____19____ of books we want to read. We can also join a reading club. ____20____ what you are reading with your friends. 【答案】16. take 17. fifteen##15 18. Ways 19. list 20. Share 【解析】 【原文】According to a study, the kids who read for half an hour or more daily take up less than 20% of students, and about 50% of students read less than 15 minutes. Then how can we read more? The following ways may help us develop good reading habits. Make a list of books we want to read. It will be easier to keep our reading habit if we have plenty of interesting books to read. We can also join a reading club. Being a part of a reading group encourages us to read more. Besides, we can share what we are reading with our friends. It could be really fun. Once we start, stick to it and we are sure to get good results. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两大题，满分255分） Ⅴ.单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 21. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a ________. A. restaurant B. doctor C. library D. dentist 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你的头和脖子明天还疼，那就去看医生。 考查名词词义辨析。restaurant餐厅；doctor医生；library图书馆；dentist牙医。根据“If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow,”可知，是要去看医生。故选B。 22. —Nobody worked out the math problem. —That’s right. Maybe it’s ________ one of all. A. the easiest B. the most successful C. the most interesting D. the most difficult 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——没人算出这道数学题。——没错。也许这是最难的一道。 考查形容词最高级辨析。the easiest最简单的；the most successful最成功的；the most interesting最有趣的；the most difficult最困难的。根据“Nobody worked out the math problem.”可知，这道数学题可能是最难的一道题。故选D。 23. —What do you think of this pair of jeans, Amy? —Oh, dear. You should buy it at once. It looks very ________on you. A big B. nice C. small D. cheap 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你觉得这条牛仔裤怎么样，艾米？——哦，亲爱的。你应该马上买下来。你穿起来很好看。 考查形容词辨析。big大的；nice漂亮的；small小的；cheap便宜的。根据“You should buy it at once. It looks very nice ... you.”可知，是指穿起来很好看，look nice on sb.“穿在某人身上好看”。故选B。 24. —I’m home, Dad. How nice it ________! —Oh! Your mother is making pancakes in the kitchen. A. tastes B. looks C. smells D. sounds 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我回来了，爸爸。闻起来真香！——哦！你妈妈正在厨房里做煎饼。 考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；looks看起来；smells闻起来；sounds听起来。根据“Your mother is making pancakes in the kitchen”可知，妈妈正在做的煎饼闻起来很香，故选C。 25. —Parents today spend more and more money on their kids’ ________. —Yeah. They all hope that their kids can be good learners at school. A. education B. clothes C. eating D. drink 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——如今，父母花在孩子教育上的钱越来越多。——是啊。他们都希望自己的孩子能在学校成为好的学习者。 考查名词辨析。education教育；clothes衣服；eating饮食；drink饮料。根据“They all hope that their kids can be good learners at school.”可知是指花在孩子教育上的钱越来越多。故选A。 26. If you ________ the smoking, you’ll feel much healthier. A. go on B. cut out C. put into D. pick up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你戒烟，你会觉得更健康。 考查动词短语。go on继续；cut out(尤因有害健康而)停止做某事，戒除某事物；put into投入；pick up拿起。根据“If you...the smoking, you’ll feel much healthier.”可知，戒烟会使自己更健康。故选B。 27. I remember ________ her at a party once, but I don’t know her name. A. meeting B. to meet C. met D. meet 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我记得在一次聚会上见过她，但我不知道她的名字。 考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth记得做过某事(做过)；remember to do sth记得要去做某事(未做)。根据“I remember...her at a party once,”可知，记得曾经见过她，事情已发生，用remember doing sth。故选A。 28. Everything happened so ________ that we didn’t have time to think. A. recently B. heavily C. simply D. quickly 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：一切都发生得太快了，我们没有时间思考。 考查副词辨析。recently最近；heavily大量地；simply简单地；quickly快速地。根据“Everything happened so...that we didn’t have time to think.”可知，是指事情发生太快，以至于没时间思考。故选D。 29. He was thinking ________ deeply that he walked straight into a tree. A. too B. very C. so D. much 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：他沉思着，径直撞到了一棵树上。 考查结果状语从句。too太；very非常；so因此；much很。根据“deeply that he walked straight into a tree.”可知，此处是固定句型so adv that+从句，表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故选C。 30. Whenever I’m feeling ________, my friends will cheer me up. A. well B. excited C. down D. safe 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：无论我什么时候感到失落，我的朋友们都会鼓励我。 考查形容词词义辨析。well好的；excited兴奋的；down低落的；safe安全的。根据“my friends will cheer me up”可知，应表达情绪失落。故选C。 Ⅵ.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 The use of the word “disabled” always makes me angry. In my daily life, I experience so many difficulties that are not seen by any other person. However, once when a friend got a broken ____31____ and had to walk on crutches (拐杖) like me for a few weeks, they began to look at t me with more understanding. In Nigeria, school education is a big challenge for the ____32____. The school buildings and all other facilities (设施) are not designed (设计) for anyone who uses a wheelchair or crutches. So in order to attend school, I usually had to do more than others. My parents didn’t send me to any ____33____ school, so I attended normal schools like many other children. But when I got to the college, things changed. I had to live on campus (住校) ____34____ it was very far from town to the school and the travel cost much. Using the facilities was a difficult task, and many days I ____35____ give up taking my bath in the toilets. I didn’t lose heart. Today, I work as a computer programmer and I own and drive a car. In fact, my mother did a lot in this success story. She always believed that I could become somebody ____36____ in life. She always encouraged me and had high hopes for me. She’s not alive now. ____37____ her encouragement I might achieve nothing today. All mothers with disabled children should ____38____ the example of my mother. People usually think that disability is often something physical. It can be seen and ____39____. But the fact is that disability is often in the mind. So the final war has to be fought by yourself. People will not easily change their minds. You must make them see that they are _____40_____. Society must know that we are not disabled. We are just challenged and will take up the challenge. 31. A. finger B. hand C. arm D. leg 32. A. young B. disabled C. old D. poor 33. A. public B. local C. special D. famous 34. A. if B. since C. so D. while 35. A. could B. should C. must D. had to 36. A. useful B. truthful C. strange D. crazy 37. A. Without B. Thanks to C. For D. Because of 38. A. give B. set C. follow D. lead 39. A. touched B. saved C. hid D. caught 40. A. afraid B. nervous C. careless D. wrong 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者身患残疾，但他很坚强，在妈妈的鼓励下取得了成功的故事，作者希望社会和人们能够改变对残疾人的观念。 【31题详解】 句意：然而，当一个朋友摔断了腿，不得不像我一样拄着拐杖走路几个星期时，他们开始更加理解我。 finger手指；hand手；arm胳膊；leg腿。根据下文“has to walk on crutches like me for a few weeks”可知，拄拐杖走路是因为摔断了腿。故选D。 【32题详解】 句意：在尼日利亚，学校教育对残疾人来说是一个巨大的挑战。 young年轻的；disabled残疾的；old年老的；poor贫穷的。根据下文中的“not designed (设计) for anyone who uses a wheelchair or crutches”可知，此处指残疾人，“the+形容词”表示一类人。故选B。 【33题详解】 句意：我的父母没有送我去任何特殊的学校，所以我像其他许多孩子一样上普通的学校。 public公共的；local当地的；special特殊的；famous著名的。根据“so I attended normal schools like many other children”可知，作者和其他孩子一样去普通的学校，即作者没有去特殊学校。故选C。 【34题详解】 句意：我不得不住在校园里，因为镇里离学校很远，交通费用很高。 if如果；since因为；so所以；while然而。空前“I had to live on campus”和空后“it was very far from town to the school and the travel cost much”是因果关系。故选B。 【35题详解】 句意：使用这些设施是一项艰巨的任务，很多时候我不得不放弃在卫生间里洗澡。 could可以；should应该；must必须，侧重主观意愿；have to不得不，侧重客观需要。根据上文“Using the facilities was a difficult task”可知，此处是因为客观情况不得不放弃洗澡。故选D。 【36题详解】 句意：她一直相信我在生活中会成为一个有用的人。 useful有用的；truthful诚实的；strange奇怪的；crazy疯狂的。根据第三段中的“She always encouraged me and had high hopes for me.”和作者的经历可知，妈妈相信作者会成为有用的人。故选A。 【37题详解】 句意：没有她的鼓励，我今天可能一事无成。 without没有；thanks to由于；for因为；because of因为。根据下文“I might achieve nothing today”可知，作者一事无成的前提是“没有”妈妈的鼓励。故选A。 【38题详解】 句意：所有有残疾孩子的妈妈都应该以我的妈妈为榜样。 give给；set设立；follow跟着；lead引导。根据第三段内容和作者的经历可知，作者讲述了妈妈对自己的鼓励和帮助，因此这里指其他残疾孩子的妈妈应该以作者的妈妈为榜样。故选C。 【39题详解】 句意：它是看得见摸得着的。 touch触摸；save救；reach到达；catch抓住。根据上文“People usually think that disability is often something physical.”可知，残疾是生理问题，是看得见摸得着的。故选A。 【40题详解】 句意：你必须让他们明白他们错了。 afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；careless粗心的；wrong错的。根据上文“People will not easily change their minds.”和下文“Society must know...We are just challenged...”可知，作者想要改变社会上人们的错误观念，要让他们知道和作者一样的人只是受到了挑战并且会接受挑战。故选D。 第三部分 阅读理解（共两大题，满分35分） Ⅶ.补全对话（共5小题；每小题1分；满分5分） 根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 Kim: Hi, Linda. Have you ever been to the amusement park? Linda: Yes, I have, but a long time ago. ____41____ There were so many exciting things to do there. ____42____ Kim: No, I haven’t. But I hope to go there soon. ____43____ Linda: Sure. I think that would be a good idea. Kim: ____44____ Linda: Good! I agree. Kim: Do you think we can ride our bikes there? Linda: Of course. ____45____ It’s just on Green Street, behind the zoo. Kim: Well. Let’s meet at 8: 30 at the zoo gate tomorrow morning. Linda: OK! A. It’s not very far away. B. When shall we start? C. Then how about going there tomorrow? D. I remember it was really fun. E. We should go there by taxi. F. Have you ever been there, Kim? G. Do you want to go there again? 【答案】41. D 42. F 43. G 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是Kim和Linda两个人相约去游乐园的对话。 【41题详解】 根据下文“There were so many exciting things to do there. ”可知，空处应是Linda对游乐园的回忆，选项D“我记得它非常有趣。”符合语境。故选D。 【42题详解】 根据下文“No, I haven’t.”可知，是询问Kim是否曾经去过游乐园，选项F“你曾经去过那里吗，Kim？”符合语境。故选F。 【43题详解】 根据下文“Sure. I think that would be a good idea.”可知，应询问Linda是否愿意再去游乐园，选项G“你想再去那里吗？”符合语境。故选G。 【44题详解】 根据下文“Good! I agree.”可知，空处应是Kim提出了一个建议，选项C“那么明天去那里怎么样？”符合语境。故选C。 【45题详解】 根据上文“Do you think we can ride our bikes there?”及下文“Of course.”可知，空处应讲Kim认为骑自行车去游乐园的原因，选项A“它不远。”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅷ. 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A When planning for your future, are you more interested in getting a job or having a career (事业)? There is a difference between the two. A job is something that will provide you with money. A career, however, is perhaps more satisfying because you will be able to follow your interests. Zhong Fangrong, from a poor family in Hunan, is now a Beijing University student. She was once faced with this choice. Many people advised her to study economics (经济学) or business. A degree in these subjects would lead to a good job and good pay. It would make her be able to help her poor parents. But Zhong has decided to study archaeology (考古学). She wants to choose a career that she is fond of. Making a lot of money is good. However I think being happy in your work is even better. Money, as it is said, can’t buy happiness, so it makes no sense to spend your life doing work that makes you unhappy. If you are not sure about your future work, you should ask your parents and teachers for advice. You should also look for role models. In Zhong’s case, it is the famous archaeologist Fan Jinshi. Fan has studied the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang for more than fifty years. When Zhong wrote to Fan about her interest in archaeology, Fan replied with some advice. I think all of you should follow it: “Don’t forget your dreams. Keep them alive and focus on your studies. 46. Why did Zhong Fangrong decide to study archaeology? A. Because her family was poor. B. Because she was interested in it. C. Because many people advised it. D. Because it may lead to a good job. 47. What does the word “It” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Developing a great career. B. Studying economics or business. C. Having a good job and good pay. D. Being a student of Beijing University. 48. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The influence of role models is powerful. B. An archaeologist’s work is hard and boring. C. Studies are important, so we should work hard. D. Parents’ advice is the most important in our life. 49. What does the writer mainly want to tell us through the text? A. Making a lot of money cannot make us happy. B. We should choose a career that we really like. C. The difference between a job and a career is huge. D. Choosing a career can be a very difficult decision. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了找工作还是职业是有区别的，作者通过讲述钟芳蓉选择北大考古专业的故事告诉我们应该追求自己真正喜欢的事业。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But Zhong has decided to study archaeology (考古学). She wants to choose a career that she is fond of.”可知，钟芳蓉决定学考古学因为她对它感兴趣。故选B。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“A degree in these subjects would lead to a good job and good pay. It would make her be able to help her poor parents.”可知，这些学科的学位将带来一份好工作和高薪，这将使她能够帮助她贫困的父母，故推出划线部分it指代一份好工作和高薪。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据“You should also look for role models.”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了考古学家樊锦诗对钟的影响，也就是榜样的影响力是巨大的。故选A。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“ When planning for your future, are you more interested in getting a job or having a career? There is a difference between the two. A job is something that will provide you with money. A career, however, is perhaps more satisfying because you will be able to follow your interests.”及通读全文可知，作者是想想过钟芳蓉选择北大考古专业的故事告诉我们应该追求自己真正喜欢的事业。故选B。 B China is a country with a long history and special culture, so the change of clothing is a long history. There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume. They are very famous and popular in the world. Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another costume—Hanfu. Hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing, is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It has a history of more than three thousand years. The Han people regard it as a very important part of their culture. According to the old story, the first person to wear Hanfu was Huangdi. His wife was said to be the first to know how to make silk, of which Hanfu was made. Since the Shang Dynasty, Hanfu has changed with the times. However, it still keeps its own styles. For example, Hanfu doesn’t have buttons (扣子), instead, it has a sash (腰带) for people to keep the clothes closed. And people usually overlap (使重叠) the right side of the clothes with the left side. Now many young Chinese people show great love and interest in Hanfu. They wear Hanfu on different occasions. Wearing Hanfu is a new fashion across the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back. 50. How many kinds of clothes are mentioned (被提及)? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 51. The underlined word “costume” most probably means ________ in Chinese A. 风俗 B. 服装 C. 饮食 D. 民居 52. Which paragraph shows what the style of Hanfu is? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 53 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Hanfu was usually made of cotton. B. Hanfu has changed its styles with the times. C. It’s a new fashion to wear Hanfu. D. Old people were interested in silk clothing. 【答案】50. D 51. B 52. C 53. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍中国的一种传统服饰——汉服。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume.”和“Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another costume—Hanfu.”可知，一共提及四种服饰，分别是旗袍、唐装、中山装和汉服。故选D。 【51题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume.”可知，此处列举的旗袍、唐装、中山装，都属于服装。故选B。 【52题详解】 段落大意题。根据“Since the Shang Dynasty, Hanfu has changed with the times. However, it still keeps its own styles.”可知，第三段主要介绍了汉服的风格。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Wearing Hanfu is a new fashion across the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back.”可知，穿汉服在全国各地成为一种新时尚。故选C。 C Electric vehicles (电动汽车) or EVs recently have become more and more popular. Technological improvements, especially batteries, make EVs rather than gas cars become more people’s first choice. Mueller, an expert in studying cars, explains why they are the future of cars. He writes, “I think EVs are the future. They have better torque (扭转力), acceleration (加速) and better control.” Best of all, you never have to visit a gas station. Every morning your car is charged (充电) and ready to go. And if you are worried about miles they can cover, that’s not necessary. Almost all trips can be done in an EV with a proper battery. And fast chargers (充电器) along the way make it possible to do longer road trips if necessary. Besides, it’s clean technology: a traditional gas car causes more than twice as carbon (碳) pollution as an EV. Even in places that get almost all of their electricity from burning coal (煤), an EV still pollutes less than a typical traditional gas car. Supposing a 10-year service life, a traditional car will let out 66,000 pounds more carbon pollution than an electric vehicle. Human science technology is always moving forward. However, some challenges still remain about EVs. According to the present situation of EVs, scientists and researchers still have a long way to go. 54. EVs have become more popular than gas cars thanks to ________. A. technological improvements B. social development C. lower prices D. beautiful appearance 55. It’s unnecessary to worry about miles EVs can cover because of proper batteries and ________. A. better torque B. acceleration C. better control D. fast chargers 56. What can we know from the 4th paragraph? A. EVs are always cleaner than gas cars. B. Electricity is from burning coal in China. C. A gas car causes less pollution than an EV. D. A traditional car lets out 6,600 pounds of carbon a year. 57. What can be the best title for this text? A. The Future of EVs in China B. EVs and Environmental Protection C. EVs Makes Our Life Better D. EVs: The Future of Cars 【答案】54. A 55. D 56. A 57. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由以及电动汽车可能存在的问题。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Technological improvements, especially batteries, make EVs rather than gas cars become more people’s first choice.”可知，由于技术的进步，电动汽车比汽油车更受欢迎。故选A。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And if you are worried about miles they can cover, that’s not necessary. Almost all trips can be done in an EV with a proper battery. And fast chargers (充电器) along the way make it possible to do longer road trips if necessary.”可知，如果你担心的是它们能覆盖的里程，那就没必要了，只要有合适的电池，几乎所有的旅行都可以在电动汽车上完成，如果有必要，沿途的快速充电器可以让你进行更长的自驾游。故选D。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Besides, it’s clean technology: a traditional gas car causes more than twice as carbon (碳) pollution as an EV.”可知，电动汽车总是比汽油车更清洁。故选A。 【57题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由以及电动汽车可能存在的问题，所以D项符合。故选D。 D It takes time to practice critical (批判性) thinking, but it’s never too late to start. The following steps will help people to become critical thinkers. Step 1: Ask Questions Critical thinkers start by asking questions. They ask themselves: If this, then what? If that, then how will the result be different? They may think about all possible ideas before they make decisions. Step 2: Look for Answers Critical thinkers search for answers. They make use of all possible tools or interview people for information. Then they analyze (分析) the information with an open mind. They compare and decide what the best answers are. Step 3: ________ After critical thinkers get new ideas to work out problems, they share these ideas with their teammates and get support from them. During communication with others, better ideas often come up. 58. What may critical thinkers do before they make decisions? (不超过10个单词) ___________________________________________ 59. What does a critical thinker need to have when analyzing information? (不超过5个单词) ___________________________________________ 60. What’s the best title for Step 3? (不超过5个单词) ___________________________________________ 【答案】58. They may think about all possible ideas./They may ask themselves some questions. 59. An open mind. 60. Share ideas. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍如何培养批判性思维。 【58题详解】 根据“Critical thinkers start by asking questions. They ask themselves: If this, then what? If that, then how will the result be different? They may think about all possible ideas before they make decisions.”可知，批判性思考者在做决定之前可能会问自己一些问题/考虑所有可能的想法。故填They may think about all possible ideas./They may ask themselves some questions. 【59题详解】 根据“Then they analyze (分析) the information with an open mind”可知，需要一个开放心态。故填An open mind. 【60题详解】 根据“After critical thinkers get new ideas to work out problems, they share these ideas with their teammates and get support from them”可知，第三步主要讲述的是分享想法。故填Share ideas. 第四部分 写（共两大题，满分20分） Ⅸ.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词拼写。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 61. I think it’s f ________ (公正的) for children to share the housework. 【答案】(f)air 【解析】 【详解】句意：我认为孩子们分担家务是很公平的。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填fair“公正的”，形容词作表语。故填(f)air。 62. The little boy is b________ (勇敢) enough to face the challenge. 【答案】(b)rave 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个小男孩足够勇敢来面对挑战。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填brave“勇敢的”，形容词作表语。故填(b)rave。 63. Cao Chong said that he had an idea to w________ (称……的重量) the elephant. 【答案】(w)eigh 【解析】 【详解】句意：曹冲说他有个办法来称大象的重量。称……重量：weigh，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(w)eigh。 64. In winter, she often wears a s________ (围巾) around her neck to keep warm. 【答案】(s)carf 【解析】 【详解】句意：在冬天，她经常在脖子上围一条围巾来保暖。冠词“a”后跟名词单数scarf“围巾”。故填(s)carf。 65. The guide l ________ (带) us to an old building and told us something about it. 【答案】(l)ed 【解析】 【详解】句意：导游把我们带到一座古老的建筑前，并给我们讲了一些有关它的情况。lead表示“带，引领”，动词。根据“told”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(l)ed。 Ⅹ.书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 66. 为开展新时代劳动教育，你校创建了“劳动教育实践基地(labor education practice base)”。请根据以下要点提示，以“Let’s Grow Up in Labor”为题，向学校《英语报》投稿，谈谈你参加的劳动实践以及收获。要点提示： What you do at school What you have learned grow vegetables water plants pull up the weeds (杂草) catch insects (虫) pick up ... labor skills; responsibility (责任);... 要求：1. 表格中的内容要点仅供选择使用，可适当发挥；2. 文中不得出现与你身份相关的真实信息；3. 词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。参考词汇：hot pepper n. 辣椒； cucumber n. 黄瓜 Let’s Grow Up in Labor In order to carry out labor education better, our school has opened up a piece of land as a labor education practice base. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Let’s Grow Up in Labor In order to carry out labor education better, our school has opened up a piece of land as a labor education practice base. We grow a lot of vegetables there. We often water plants and pull up the weeds every week. We also catch insects to keep the vegetables healthy. In autumn, we pick up tomatoes, hot peppers and cucumbers happily. We’ve learned a lot from these activities. We’ve mastered many labor skills. More importantly, we realize that it’s our responsibility to take care of plants. Labor is very important to us. We are growing up in labor! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，根据表格内容谈谈你参加的劳动实践； 第二步，谈谈自己的收获。 [亮点词汇] ① learn from从……获得 ② take care of照顾 ③ grow up长大 [高分句型] More importantly, we realize that it’s our responsibility to take care of plants.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量监测 八年级英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共四大题，满分20分） Ⅰ.短对话理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 1. Lisa hurt herself in ________.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. a park B. PE class C. a forest 2. Mary wants to be ________.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. a teacher B. an animal doctor C. an artist 3. John was ________ when the heavy rain started. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. doing homework B. cleaning the living room C. watching TV 4. There are ________students in the school. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. 2385 B. 3258 C. 2538 5. Lily is going to the museum next ________.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Thursday B. Saturday C. Sunday Ⅱ.长对话理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，请根据每段对话内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Peter’s ________will come over today. A. teacher B. grandma C. uncle 7. Peter will help his mother ________. A. take out the rubbish B. do the dishes C. sweep the floor 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Amy doesn’t want to give away her toy bear because ________. A. it’s new B. it’s expensive C. it has special meaning to her 9. Amy’s mother has bought some ________ for the children. A. books B. sweaters C. dresses 10. They will go to the Children’s Home ________ tomorrow. A. by car B. by bike C. on foot Ⅲ.短文理解（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题，请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. The snow leopards (雪豹) mainly live in ________ the of China in the wild. A. northwest B. southwest C. northeast 12. Snow leopards are good at ________. A. swimming B. jumping C. shouting 13. At birth, the baby snow leopard has ________ eyes. A. gray B. blue C. light green 14. Usually the ________ leopard takes care of the babies. A. mother B. father C. grandparent 15. Many baby snow leopards can’t live long because ________. A. they die of illnesses B. humans cut down forests C. other animals may kill them Ⅳ.信息转换（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 你将听到一篇短文，请根据短文内容和下面表格中的信息提示，在信息表中相应的横线上填入所缺的单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How To Read More Study It shows the kids who read for half an hour or more daily ____16____ up less than 20% of students. About 50% of students read less than ____17____ minutes. ____18____ Make a ____19____ of books we want to read. We can also join a reading club. ____20____ what you are reading with your friends. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两大题，满分255分） Ⅴ.单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 21. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a ________. A. restaurant B. doctor C. library D. dentist 22. —Nobody worked out the math problem. —That’s right. Maybe it’s ________ one of all. A. the easiest B. the most successful C. the most interesting D. the most difficult 23. —What do you think of this pair of jeans, Amy? —Oh, dear. You should buy it at once. It looks very ________on you. A. big B. nice C. small D. cheap 24. —I’m home, Dad. How nice it ________! —Oh! Your mother is making pancakes in the kitchen. A. tastes B. looks C. smells D. sounds 25. —Parents today spend more and more money on their kids’ ________. —Yeah. They all hope that their kids can be good learners at school. A. education B. clothes C. eating D. drink 26. If you ________ the smoking, you’ll feel much healthier. A. go on B. cut out C. put into D. pick up 27. I remember ________ her at a party once, but I don’t know her name. A. meeting B. to meet C. met D. meet 28. Everything happened so ________ that we didn’t have time to think. A. recently B. heavily C. simply D. quickly 29. He was thinking ________ deeply that he walked straight into a tree. A. too B. very C. so D. much 30. Whenever I’m feeling ________, my friends will cheer me up. A. well B. excited C. down D. safe Ⅵ.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 The use of the word “disabled” always makes me angry. In my daily life, I experience so many difficulties that are not seen by any other person. However, once when a friend got a broken ____31____ and had to walk on crutches (拐杖) like me for a few weeks, they began to look at t me with more understanding. In Nigeria, school education is a big challenge for the ____32____. The school buildings and all other facilities (设施) are not designed (设计) for anyone who uses a wheelchair or crutches. So in order to attend school, I usually had to do more than others. My parents didn’t send me to any ____33____ school, so I attended normal schools like many other children. But when I got to the college, things changed. I had to live on campus (住校) ____34____ it was very far from town to the school and the travel cost much. Using the facilities was a difficult task, and many days I ____35____ give up taking my bath in the toilets. I didn’t lose heart. Today, I work as a computer programmer and I own and drive a car. In fact, my mother did a lot in this success story. She always believed that I could become somebody ____36____ in life. She always encouraged me and had high hopes for me. She’s not alive now. ____37____ her encouragement I might achieve nothing today. All mothers with disabled children should ____38____ the example of my mother. People usually think that disability is often something physical. It can be seen and ____39____. But the fact is that disability is often in the mind. So the final war has to be fought by yourself. People will not easily change their minds. You must make them see that they are _____40_____. Society must know that we are not disabled. We are just challenged and will take up the challenge. 31. A. finger B. hand C. arm D. leg 32. A. young B. disabled C. old D. poor 33. A. public B. local C. special D. famous 34. A. if B. since C. so D. while 35. A. could B. should C. must D. had to 36. A. useful B. truthful C. strange D. crazy 37. A. Without B. Thanks to C. For D. Because of 38. A. give B. set C. follow D. lead 39. A. touched B. saved C. hid D. caught 40. A. afraid B. nervous C. careless D. wrong 第三部分 阅读理解（共两大题，满分35分） Ⅶ.补全对话（共5小题；每小题1分；满分5分） 根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 Kim: Hi, Linda. Have you ever been to the amusement park? Linda: Yes, I have, but a long time ago. ____41____ There were so many exciting things to do there. ____42____ Kim: No, I haven’t. But I hope to go there soon. ____43____ Linda: Sure. I think that would be a good idea. Kim: ____44____ Linda: Good! I agree. Kim: Do you think we can ride our bikes there? Linda: Of course. ____45____ It’s just on Green Street, behind the zoo. Kim: Well. Let’s meet at 8: 30 at the zoo gate tomorrow morning. Linda: OK! A. It’s not very far away. B. When shall we start? C. Then how about going there tomorrow? D. I remember it was really fun. E. We should go there by taxi. F. Have you ever been there, Kim? G. Do you want to go there again? Ⅷ. 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A When planning for your future, are you more interested in getting a job or having a career (事业)? There is a difference between the two. A job is something that will provide you with money. A career, however, is perhaps more satisfying because you will be able to follow your interests. Zhong Fangrong, from a poor family in Hunan, is now a Beijing University student. She was once faced with this choice. Many people advised her to study economics (经济学) or business. A degree in these subjects would lead to a good job and good pay. It would make her be able to help her poor parents. But Zhong has decided to study archaeology (考古学). She wants to choose a career that she is fond of. Making a lot of money is good. However, I think being happy in your work is even better. Money, as it is said, can’t buy happiness, so it makes no sense to spend your life doing work that makes you unhappy. If you are not sure about your future work, you should ask your parents and teachers for advice. You should also look for role models. In Zhong’s case, it is the famous archaeologist Fan Jinshi. Fan has studied the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang for more than fifty years. When Zhong wrote to Fan about her interest in archaeology, Fan replied with some advice. I think all of you should follow it: “Don’t forget your dreams. Keep them alive and focus on your studies. 46. Why did Zhong Fangrong decide to study archaeology? A. Because her family was poor. B. Because she was interested in it. C. Because many people advised it. D. Because it may lead to a good job. 47. What does the word “It” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Developing a great career. B. Studying economics or business. C Having a good job and good pay. D. Being a student of Beijing University. 48. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The influence of role models is powerful. B. An archaeologist’s work is hard and boring. C. Studies are important, so we should work hard. D. Parents’ advice is the most important in our life. 49. What does the writer mainly want to tell us through the text? A. Making a lot of money cannot make us happy. B. We should choose a career that we really like. C. The difference between a job and a career is huge. D. Choosing a career can be a very difficult decision. B China is a country with a long history and special culture, so the change of clothing is a long history. There are many types of costume in Chinese history, such as cheongsam, Chinese Tang costume and Zhongshan costume. They are very famous and popular in the world. Nowadays more and more people begin to pay attention to another costume—Hanfu. Hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing, is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It has a history of more than three thousand years. The Han people regard it as a very important part of their culture. According to the old story, the first person to wear Hanfu was Huangdi. His wife was said to be the first to know how to make silk, of which Hanfu was made. Since the Shang Dynasty Hanfu has changed with the times. However, it still keeps its own styles. For example, Hanfu doesn’t have buttons (扣子), instead, it has a sash (腰带) for people to keep the clothes closed. And people usually overlap (使重叠) the right side of the clothes with the left side. Now many young Chinese people show great love and interest in Hanfu. They wear Hanfu on different occasions. Wearing Hanfu is a new fashion across the country as people’s hope for traditional Chinese culture has come back. 50. How many kinds of clothes are mentioned (被提及)? A One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 51. The underlined word “costume” most probably means ________ in Chinese A. 风俗 B. 服装 C. 饮食 D. 民居 52. Which paragraph shows what the style of Hanfu is? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Hanfu was usually made of cotton. B. Hanfu has changed its styles with the times. C. It’s a new fashion to wear Hanfu. D. Old people were interested in silk clothing. C Electric vehicles (电动汽车) or EVs recently have become more and more popular. Technological improvements, especially batteries, make EVs rather than gas cars become more people’s first choice. Mueller, an expert in studying cars, explains why they are the future of cars. He writes, “I think EVs are the future. They have better torque (扭转力), acceleration (加速) and better control.” Best of all, you never have to visit a gas station. Every morning your car is charged (充电) and ready to go. And if you are worried about miles they can cover, that’s not necessary. Almost all trips can be done in an EV with a proper battery. And fast chargers (充电器) along the way make it possible to do longer road trips if necessary. Besides, it’s clean technology: a traditional gas car causes more than twice as carbon (碳) pollution as an EV. Even in places that get almost all of their electricity from burning coal (煤), an EV still pollutes less than a typical traditional gas car. Supposing a 10-year service life, a traditional car will let out 66,000 pounds more carbon pollution than an electric vehicle. Human science technology is always moving forward. However, some challenges still remain about EVs. According to the present situation of EVs, scientists and researchers still have a long way to go. 54. EVs have become more popular than gas cars thanks to ________. A. technological improvements B. social development C. lower prices D. beautiful appearance 55. It’s unnecessary to worry about miles EVs can cover because of proper batteries and ________. A. better torque B. acceleration C. better control D. fast chargers 56. What can we know from the 4th paragraph? A. EVs are always cleaner than gas cars. B. Electricity is from burning coal in China. C. A gas car causes less pollution than an EV. D. A traditional car lets out 6,600 pounds of carbon a year. 57. What can be the best title for this text? A. The Future of EVs in China B. EVs and Environmental Protection C. EVs Makes Our Life Better D. EVs: The Future of Cars D It takes time to practice critical (批判性) thinking, but it’s never too late to start. The following steps will help people to become critical thinkers. Step 1: Ask Questions Critical thinkers start by asking questions. They ask themselves: If this, then what? If that, then how will the result be different? They may think about all possible ideas before they make decisions. Step 2: Look for Answers Critical thinkers search for answers. They make use of all possible tools or interview people for information. Then they analyze (分析) the information with an open mind. They compare and decide what the best answers are. Step 3: ________ After critical thinkers get new ideas to work out problems, they share these ideas with their teammates and get support from them. During communication with others, better ideas often come up. 58. What may critical thinkers do before they make decisions? (不超过10个单词) ___________________________________________ 59. What does a critical thinker need to have when analyzing information? (不超过5个单词) ___________________________________________ 60 What’s the best title for Step 3? (不超过5个单词) ___________________________________________ 第四部分 写（共两大题，满分20分） Ⅸ.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词拼写。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 61. I think it’s f ________ (公正的) for children to share the housework. 62. The little boy is b________ (勇敢的) enough to face the challenge. 63. Cao Chong said that he had an idea to w________ (称……的重量) the elephant. 64. In winter, she often wears a s________ (围巾) around her neck to keep warm. 65. The guide l ________ (带) us to an old building and told us something about it. Ⅹ.书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 66. 为开展新时代劳动教育，你校创建了“劳动教育实践基地(labor education practice base)”。请根据以下要点提示，以“Let’s Grow Up in Labor”为题，向学校《英语报》投稿，谈谈你参加的劳动实践以及收获。要点提示： What you do at school What you have learned grow vegetables water plants pull up the weeds (杂草) catch insects (虫) pick up ... labor skills; responsibility (责任);... 要求：1. 表格中的内容要点仅供选择使用，可适当发挥；2. 文中不得出现与你身份相关的真实信息；3. 词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。参考词汇：hot pepper n. 辣椒； cucumber n. 黄瓜 Let’s Grow Up in Labor In order to carry out labor education better, our school has opened up a piece of land as a labor education practice base. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$