精品解析：湖南省衡阳市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试卷

2024年上学期高一期末考试 英 语 本试卷共8页，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案：回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1. What does the man ask Alice to do? A. Check her email. B. Turn the sound down. C. Pay attention to the lesson. 2. How does the boy sound? A. Upset. B. Confused. C. Excited. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the taxi stand. C. At the underground car park. 4. What do we know about the man? A. He left his friend’s dictionary at home. B. He bought two dictionaries. C. He used a friend’s dictionary. 5. What did the woman decide to do? A. Sell her house. B. Go back to college. C. Move to another city. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独自读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do the speakers consider doing? A. Changing the suppliers. B. Updating the schedule. C. Contacting the client. 7. Why does the man suggest having a meeting? A. To provide guidance. B. To educate workers. C. To work out a plan. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man admire about Carl? A. His achievements. B. His lifestyle. C. His determination. 9. What does the woman value most while traveling? A. Comfortable accommodations. B. Adventure destinations. C. Cost-effective options. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Grandfather and granddaughter. B. Neighbors. C. Classmates. 11. What is said about Jenny’s grandmother? A. She has been caring for the garden lately. B. She watches TV every evening. C. She is a milk woman. 12. Why did Jenny ask her grandfather about a math problem? A. She wanted to avoid talking about the news. B. Her grandfather was good at it. C. She couldn’t work it out herself. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. For what reason does the man come to buy a gift? A. To express his thanks. B. To make up for a mistake. C. To celebrate his friend’s birthday. 14. How much does the watch cost? A. Around $400. B. Around $200. C. Around $120. 15. What makes the set of cups special according to the woman? A. It is cheap. B. Its quality is high. C. It was made by hand. 16. Which item impressed the man most? A. A watch. B. A wallet. C. A notebook. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Tracking her monthly costs. B. Offering financial advice. C. Making a spending plan. 18. When does the speaker receive her salary every month? A. On the 5th. B. On the 7th. C. On the 15th. 19. What did the speaker buy on the last day of June? A. Beauty products. B. Clothes. C. Cat food. 20. What does the speaker plan to do? A. Find a part-time job. B. Watch her spending. C. Cut costs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master, Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 1. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 2. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 3. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. B I had stopped while on my way book to London. I spotted a man with a backpack and his thumb out. “I’m going back to London. Which way are you heading?” I asked. “Ah, that would be grand,” came his immediate reply. He got on my car. “I’m Brendan.” he said, “I was getting a bit desperate. Nobody seems to stop these days.” As we headed east, Brendan told me how the two recent family tragedies had devastated him and pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. “But,” he said, “I don’t feel sorry for myself. I’ll always know what it feels like to be truly loved.” Brendan laughed a lot and enjoyed his old lifestyle, until last week, when he’d been robbed. “These three young people took my other backpack and it had all my money and paperwork in it. I haven’t eaten for days. I’m hoping to get some casual work in London, so I can then get myself home to Ireland.” It must have been the idea of going home that got me, “Why don’t I just drop you at the airport now?” I said, “I’ll buy you a ticket and you can fly home. And how much is the ticket?” “It’s £192,”he said. “Well, I’ll get you £200.” “Grand.” he replied, without a think. Then, after a pause, he said, “Please don’t worry. I’ll definitely wire you the money when I get home.” In that moment, I honestly believed he would. After getting home, I told my wife the whole tale. £200 made her gasp (叹气). Feeling surprised at my trusting, she laughed and said, “Well, I hope Brendan gets home.” That was eight weeks ago and you won’t be surprised to hear that I’ve heard nothing. I now feel happier thinking about Brendan. He asked for help, and in good faith I gave it to him. That’s got to be a good thing. Isn’t that the whole point of unselfishness? It is an act to help someone else at some cost to oneself. It wasn’t a loan: I gave the money to Brendan. The cost to myself was £200. Maybe the real question should be: did I give him enough? 4. Why did Brendan start his trip? A. He encountered family sufferings. B. He was tired of his old lifestyle. C. He quarreled with his family members. D. He desired to make a fortune. 5. What made the author think of helping Brendan? A. Brendan’s optimism toward life. B. Brendan’s waiting for a pickup. C. Brendan’s desire to go home. D. Brendan’s experience of being robbed. 6. What may the author’s wife consider Brendan to be? A. A beggar. B. A liar. C. A gentleman. D. A homeless man. 7. What did the author learn from his experience? A. The cost of being cheated. B. The faith of doing a good thing. C. The meaning of true unselfishness. D. The condition of giving a loan. C Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless car s will soon be filling roads near you. Tech companies around the world have been designing and testing driverless vehicles and the technology is available already. So how do they work? The cars are covered in sensors that can detect other cars and obstacles on the road. Sensors on the wheels also help when parking. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used. Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information and processes this to work out when to accelerate, brake and steer. All you have to do is type in the destination. Sounds like your idea of heaven? Siting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film while “driving” will all be possible with this new technology. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans, meaning emissions can be reduced. They also drive more safely than people—they don’t get distracted by music or friends, they obey the speed limit and they have quicker reaction times in case of an emergency. However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless cars. Computers will have difficulties making ethical(道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car’s passengers instead? Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I’d miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times? Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the population of driverless cars. Bus, taxi and train drivers would be made redundant. I’m not convinced I’d want a driverless car, let it’s only a matter of time before they’ll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads. 8. What do you need to do when using a driverless car? A. Control the sensors. B. Read the road signs carefully. C. Put the address into the computer. D. Check the satellite navigation systems. 9. How does the author analyze the shortcomings of driverless cars? A. By making a comparison. B. By raising some questions. C. By sharing personal experiences. D. By analyzing their harmful effects. 10. What is the underlined word “redundant” closest in meaning to? A. Replaceable. B. Crucial. C. Distinctive. D. Unwanted. 11. What does the author think of future driverless cars? A They will be less expensive. B. They will consume less energy. C. They will do more harm than good. D. They will be more strictly controlled. D Scientists have already established from multiple studies that Mars contains large amounts of water. Most of the water exists in the form of ice. Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence(AI) robot that can use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts (催化剂) to break down water and release oxygen. It could be another way for space travelers in the future to make much-needed oxygen on Mars. Experiments were carried out on meteorites that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface. The “robot chemist” first used an acid and chemical mixture to separate and examine materials contained in the meteorites. It identified several different metallic elements and then worked to identify different molecules (分子) that could be produced from meteorite materials. The system found more than 3.7 million possible molecule combinations. The robot used that data to predict which catalysts would be able to split water molecules to produce oxygen. The catalyst chosen as the best fit was able to operate at minus 37 degrees Celsius. This temperature is similar to current conditions on Mars. The study’s lead writer, Jun Jiang, said that as a boy, he often dreamed of being able to one day travel in space. “So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules. I felt like my dream was coming true. I even started to imagine that I, myself, will live on Mars in the future.” A report explaining the study’s results notes Jiang suggests that for every square meter of Martian material his group’s system could produce nearly 60 grams of oxygen per hour. The researchers say this level of production could remove the need for future astronauts to transport oxygen from Earth. “The robot can work continuously for years.” Jiang said. Jiang said, “It could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars. This could include processes for making substances to support the growth of plants that could be used to produce food for astronauts. Different chemicals can be made by this robot. Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other used, suggesting the moon as another possibility.” 12. What do Chinese scientists use AI robots to do in the research? A. To collect water data from Mars. B. To produce oxygen from water on Mars. C. To explore the ice coverage on Mars. D. To assist humans in settling down on Mars. 13. Which aspect of the research does Paragraph 2 focus on? A. Its process. B. Its scale. C. Its result. D. Its effect. 14. Why does the author mention Jiang’s dream? A. To explain the chemical reaction. B. To advocate space travel. C. To prove the success of the study. D. To show the future life on Mars. 15. What does Jiang stress in the last paragraph? A. The substances for growing plants on Mars. B. The existence of oxygen on the moon. C. The possible discovery of chemicals on Mars. D. The potential application of AI robots. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Durian (榴莲) prices in China — the world’s top market for the spiky, pungent fruit typically regarded as an expensive item — have fallen by over 30 percent this month, which delights durian lovers a lot and they even couldn’t wait to enjoy one. However, many people find it challenging and overwhelming when faced with a mountain of spiky durian stands when they are buying a satisfying durian. ____16____ Tap on it (not with your hand). If a durian is ripe, it should “sound like hitting a drum”, as the fruit is more hollow with gaps of air inside the fruit. ____17____ The seeds are sure to have loosened up when we shake a ripen durian. A darker stem means that the durian has been harvested much earlier, so, obviously, it isn’t suitable for us to choose. ____18____ A perfectly elliptical durian is not necessarily the most delicious! If the durian has bulging (鼓起的) sides, it is often an indication that the seeds are fleshy. If the sides are concave, it is likely the chamber is empty. Odd-shaped durians also do not mean that there is less meat. ____19____ It’s commonly acknowledged that larger and rounder fruits will always be drawn attention to, but as for durians, bigger is not necessarily better. ____20____ It’s wise of you to avoid a durian of huge size which seems delicious. You won’t miss a tasty durian for your careful choice. A. Purchasing a durian, listen out for tapping sounds. B. Next time you buy a durian, do remember to choose a bigger one. C. In addition, one must also learn to observe the shape of the durian. D. Here are a few practical tips to help you become a skilled durian picker. E. Following the tips below, you’ll find it not difficult to break off a durian. F. The perfect weight of durian is 1.5 to 2kg, which provides the best flavors. G. They are usually more fragrant (芳香的) and creamier compared to perfectly rounded durians. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We were a crowd of people from different villages who took the bus every day that summer 33 years ago. During the early morning ____21____ from the suburb, we sat lazily with our collars up to our cars. One of the ____22____ was a small grey man who took the bus to the centre for the elderly every morning. He walked with a heavily bent body and a ____23____ look on his face when he ____24____ the bus and sat down alone behind the driver. No one ever paid very much attention to him. Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver before sitting down. The driver ____25____ guardedly, the rest of us silent. The next day, the old man got on the bus ____26____, smiled and said in a loud voice: “And a very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured “Good morning.” ____27____. The following weeks, he said good morning to us every day and we ____28____ began to nod and talk to each other. The summer ____29____, and autumn was closing in. One morning the lovely old man wasn’t waiting at his usual stop and even in the following days. We started _____30_____ if he was sick or—hopefully—on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the centre for _____31_____ citizens, the conductor knew who we were talking about and told us due to his _____32_____ age, the gentleman had gone abroad to live with his son. Inside the bus was a short _____33_____. Then, all of us, who he had made such a/an _____34_____ on that summer, _____35_____ him well with delighted tears in our eyes. 21. A. walk B. ride C. flight D. drive 22. A. passengers B. friends C. designers D. entertainers 23. A. joyful B. surprised C. confused D. tired 24. A. left B. boarded C. saw D. avoided 25. A. shook B. blinked C. nodded D. stretched 26 A. energetically B. permanently C. unwillingly D. slowly 27. A. in advance B. in details C. in sight D. in reply 28. A. immediately B. gradually C. directly D. frequently 29. A. went away B. went on C. went back D. went by 30. A. wondering B. requesting C. telling D. checking 31. A. junior B. young C. senior D. sick 32. A. embarrassing B. admirable C. golden D. growing 33. A. pleasure B. silence C. cheer D. scare 34. A. impression B. comment C. decision D. agreement 35. A. kept B. left C. wished D. thought 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Encouraged by beating drums and spirited cheering from the crowd, paddlers from more than 60 dragon boat teams made a splash at Salford Quays in Greater Manchester, England on the weekend ____36____(celebrate) the traditional Chinese Dragon Boa t Festival. The UK Chinese Dragon Boat Festival this year featured the ____37____(participate) of some world-renowned sports clubs, Manchester United FC, Manchester City FC, and Salford Red Devils rugby league club ____38____(include), which brought a new level of excitement to the event, and a fusion of sports culture. This year marks the 10th staging of the UK festival, ____39____ is said to be one of the largest dragon boat events in Europe and one of ____40____(significant) culture and sports highlights in the UK. Since it began in 2012, the competition ____41____(organize) by the Xinhua Chinese Association (XCA) in partnership with Salford City Council and the British Dragon Boa t Racing Association. In addition ____42____ boat races, this year’s celebration in Manchester featured a variety of cultural performances, including dragon and lion dances, kung fu, and waist drum dances, attracting many curious and interested ____43____(passer-by). People also enjoyed zongzi, a type of ____44____(stick) rice dumpling that is _____45_____ traditional Chinese treat during Dragon Boat Festival. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Jason近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生使用智能手机的情况。请给他写一封回信。 内容包括： 1.中国高中生使用智能手机的现状； 2.你对高中生使用智能手机的看法。 注意： 1.词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jason, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I grew up in a small town where the primary school was ten minutes’ walk from my home. So I would rush back home for lunch. One lunchtime when I was in the fourth grade will always be kept in my mind. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play. However, no matter how smoothly I read lines at home, the moment I stepped onstage, every word escaped me. Finally, my teacher took me aside, explaining in a kind voice, “I had written the narrator’s (旁白) part in the play. Are you willing to change roles?” I had to hold back tears as I nodded, watching helplessly my part go to another girl. I felt too ashamed to tell my mother what happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed I was different, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day with the rose vine turning green. Under the huge tree, we could see bunches of yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass as if a painter had touched our landscape with dabs of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I’m going to clear all the weeds (草),” she said, pulling it out by its roots. “You see, we’ll have only beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions.” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” She asked thoughtfully. I gave her an approving nod, secretly pleased that the dandelions could survive my mom’s wedding plan. “And that is true of people too,” she continued. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I couldn’t help breaking into tears. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I told her what had happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally came the big day. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年上学期高一期末考试 英 语 本试卷共8页，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案：回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1. What does the man ask Alice to do? A. Check her email. B. Turn the sound down. C. Pay attention to the lesson. 2. How does the boy sound? A. Upset. B. Confused. C. Excited. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the taxi stand. C. At the underground car park. 4. What do we know about the man? A He left his friend’s dictionary at home. B. He bought two dictionaries. C. He used a friend’s dictionary. 5. What did the woman decide to do? A. Sell her house. B. Go back to college. C. Move to another city. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独自读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do the speakers consider doing? A. Changing the suppliers. B. Updating the schedule. C. Contacting the client. 7. Why does the man suggest having a meeting? A. To provide guidance. B. To educate workers. C. To work out a plan. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man admire about Carl? A. His achievements. B. His lifestyle. C. His determination. 9. What does the woman value most while traveling? A. Comfortable accommodations. B. Adventure destinations. C. Cost-effective options. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Grandfather and granddaughter. B. Neighbors. C. Classmates. 11. What is said about Jenny’s grandmother? A. She has been caring for the garden lately. B. She watches TV every evening. C. She is a milk woman. 12. Why did Jenny ask her grandfather about a math problem? A. She wanted to avoid talking about the news. B. Her grandfather was good at it. C. She couldn’t work it out herself. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. For what reason does the man come to buy a gift? A. To express his thanks. B. To make up for a mistake. C. To celebrate his friend’s birthday. 14. How much does the watch cost? A. Around $400. B. Around $200. C. Around $120. 15. What makes the set of cups special according to the woman? A. It is cheap. B. Its quality is high. C. It was made by hand. 16. Which item impressed the man most? A. A watch. B. A wallet. C. A notebook. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Tracking her monthly costs. B. Offering financial advice. C. Making a spending plan. 18. When does the speaker receive her salary every month? A. On the 5th. B. On the 7th. C. On the 15th. 19. What did the speaker buy on the last day of June? A. Beauty products. B. Clothes. C. Cat food. 20. What does the speaker plan to do? A. Find a part-time job. B. Watch her spending. C. Cut costs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃的尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master, Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 1. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 2. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 3. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了几部文学作品，包含了四部著名作品的基本信息、评分、平均评分以及基于读者评价的数量。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《A Raisin in the Sun》的描述“The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of desegregation.(这个故事讲述了尤格斯一家，一个居住在芝加哥南区的工人阶级黑人家庭，在取消种族隔离时期搬到了一个全白人社区。)”可知，这本书讲述了一个黑人家庭在种族隔离取消时期搬到一个全是白人的社区的故事。因此，如果你正在做一个关于美国黑人的项目，这本书可能会最吸引你。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据材料中关于《Frankenstein》的描述“The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator.(这个故事发表于1818年，向读者介绍了维克多·弗兰肯斯坦博士，这位科学家用丢弃的尸体部件组装并赋予了一个生物生命。虽然弗兰肯斯坦博士被他的创造吓坏了，抛弃了它，但这个生物设法自我教育，然后寻求逆转他的创造者)”可知，这本书讲述了一个科学家创造了一个由丢弃的尸体部分组成的生物的故事。这符合恐怖小说的特点，故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《Animal Farm》的描述“Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia.(奥威尔写这部作品是为了抨击在俄罗斯的斯大林主义。)”可知，奥威尔写这本书是为了抗议俄罗斯的斯大林主义政策。故选D项。 B I had stopped while on my way book to London. I spotted a man with a backpack and his thumb out. “I’m going back to London. Which way are you heading?” I asked. “Ah, that would be grand,” came his immediate reply. He got on my car. “I’m Brendan.” he said, “I was getting a bit desperate. Nobody seems to stop these days.” As we headed east, Brendan told me how the two recent family tragedies had devastated him and pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. “But,” he said, “I don’t feel sorry for myself. I’ll always know what it feels like to be truly loved.” Brendan laughed a lot and enjoyed his old lifestyle, until last week, when he’d been robbed. “These three young people took my other backpack and it had all my money and paperwork in it. I haven’t eaten for days. I’m hoping to get some casual work in London, so I can then get myself home to Ireland.” It must have been the idea of going home that got me, “Why don’t I just drop you at the airport now?” I said, “I’ll buy you a ticket and you can fly home. And how much is the ticket?” “It’s £192,”he said. “Well, I’ll get you £200.” “Grand.” he replied, without a think. Then, after a pause, he said, “Please don’t worry. I’ll definitely wire you the money when I get home.” In that moment, I honestly believed he would. After getting home, I told my wife the whole tale. £200 made her gasp (叹气). Feeling surprised at my trusting, she laughed and said, “Well, I hope Brendan gets home.” That was eight weeks ago and you won’t be surprised to hear that I’ve heard nothing. I now feel happier thinking about Brendan. He asked for help, and in good faith I gave it to him. That’s got to be a good thing. Isn’t that the whole point of unselfishness? It is an act to help someone else at some cost to oneself. It wasn’t a loan: I gave the money to Brendan. The cost to myself was £200. Maybe the real question should be: did I give him enough? 4. Why did Brendan start his trip? A. He encountered family sufferings. B. He was tired of his old lifestyle. C. He quarreled with his family members. D. He desired to make a fortune. 5. What made the author think of helping Brendan? A. Brendan’s optimism toward life. B. Brendan’s waiting for a pickup. C. Brendan’s desire to go home. D. Brendan’s experience of being robbed. 6. What may the author’s wife consider Brendan to be? A. A beggar. B. A liar. C. A gentleman. D. A homeless man. 7. What did the author learn from his experience? A. The cost of being cheated. B. The faith of doing a good thing. C. The meaning of true unselfishness. D. The condition of giving a loan. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者让一个陌生人搭便车，在得知他遭到了抢劫后，作者主动给他200英镑帮助他回家，可作者却遭到了欺骗，迟迟没有等来对方联系自己还钱的故事，最后作者释怀，也对无私有了更深刻的认识。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As we headed east, Brendan told me how the two recent family tragedies had devastated him and pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. (当我们向东行驶时，Brendan告诉我最近的两起家庭悲剧是如何摧毁了他，并把他从过去的生活中推到了路上。)”可知，Brendan说自己是因为遇到家庭不幸才出来奔波的。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I haven’t eaten for days. I’m hoping to get some casual work in London, so I can then get myself home to Lreland.(我好几天没吃东西了。我希望能在伦敦找一份临时工，这样我就能回爱尔兰的家了。)”以及第五段中“It must have been the idea of going home that got me, “Why don’t I just drop you at the airport now?” I said, “I’ll buy you a ticket and you can fly home. And how much is the ticket?”(一定是一想到要回家，我就想：“为什么我现在不送你去机场呢?”我说：“我给你买张票，你可以飞回家。这张票多少钱?”)”可知，Brendan提到了回家，这让作者涌出了帮助他的想法。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“After getting home, I told my wife the whole tale. £200 made her gasp (叹气). Feeling surprised at my trusting, she laughed and said, “Well, I hope Brendan gets home.” (回到家后，我把整个事情告诉了妻子。200英镑使她叹气。她对我的信任感到惊讶，笑着说：“好吧，我希望布兰登能回家。”)”可知，作者的妻子对于此事非常惊讶并且叹了气，由此可知作者的妻子可能认为Brendan是一个骗子。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Isn’t that the whole point of unselfishness? It is an act to help someone else at some cost to oneself. It wasn’t a loan: I gave the money to Brendan. The cost to myself was £200. (这不就是无私的意义吗？这是一种以牺牲自己为代价来帮助别人的行为。那不是借款，我把钱给了Brendan.。我的代价是花了200英镑)”可知，作者已经释怀，对无私的意义有了新的认知：以牺牲自我为代价来帮助别人。故选C。 C Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless car s will soon be filling roads near you. Tech companies around the world have been designing and testing driverless vehicles and the technology is available already. So how do they work? The cars are covered in sensors that can detect other cars and obstacles on the road. Sensors on the wheels also help when parking. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used. Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information and processes this to work out when to accelerate, brake and steer. All you have to do is type in the destination. Sounds like your idea of heaven? Siting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film while “driving” will all be possible with this new technology. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans, meaning emissions can be reduced. They also drive more safely than people—they don’t get distracted by music or friends, they obey the speed limit and they have quicker reaction times in case of an emergency. However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless cars. Computers will have difficulties making ethical(道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car’s passengers instead? Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I’d miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times? Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the population of driverless cars. Bus, taxi and train drivers would be made redundant. I’m not convinced I’d want a driverless car, let it’s only a matter of time before they’ll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads. 8. What do you need to do when using a driverless car? A. Control the sensors. B. Read the road signs carefully. C. Put the address into the computer. D. Check the satellite navigation systems. 9. How does the author analyze the shortcomings of driverless cars? A. By making a comparison. B. By raising some questions. C. By sharing personal experiences. D. By analyzing their harmful effects. 10. What is the underlined word “redundant” closest in meaning to? A. Replaceable. B. Crucial. C. Distinctive. D. Unwanted. 11. What does the author think of future driverless cars? A. They will be less expensive. B. They will consume less energy. C. They will do more harm than good. D. They will be more strictly controlled. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍无人驾驶汽车以及其所带来的问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“All you have to do is type in the destination.(你所要做的就是输入目的地。)”可知，使用无人驾驶汽车时只需要输入目的地就行了。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless cars. Computers will have difficulties making ethical(道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car’s passengers instead? Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I’d miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times?( 然而，无人驾驶汽车仍然存在许多缺点。计算机将难以做出合乎道德的决定。如果一个孩子跑到马路上，电脑会选择撞到孩子，还是突然转向一边，可能会伤害到车上的乘客？此外，我个人觉得驾驶很有趣。我会怀念自己从未开车的日子。还会有法律问题。儿童或醉酒的人应该被允许独自乘坐无人驾驶汽车吗？或者是否需要一个有驾驶执照的负责任的成年人一直在车里？)”可知，作者通过连续提出几个问题来描述无人驾驶汽车的许多缺点。B选项“By raising some questions.( 通过提出一些问题。)”符合题意。故选B。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the population of driverless cars. (虽然由机器驾驶可能意味着没有人需要驾驶执照，但无人驾驶汽车的数量将使许多人失业。)” 可知，无人驾驶汽车的出现可能会让很多人失业，因此公共汽车、出租车、火车等司机的工作可能会变得不再被需要。故划线词与D选项“Unwanted.(不需要的)”为同义词。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’m not convinced I’d want a driverless car, let it’s only a matter of time before they’ll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads.( 我不太确定我是否会想要一辆自动驾驶汽车，但它的普及和价格下降只是时间问题，它们将变得在我们的道路上更加普遍和负担得起。)” 可知，作者认为无人驾驶汽车迟早会变得更便宜更常见。故选A。 D Scientists have already established from multiple studies that Mars contains large amounts of water. Most of the water exists in the form of ice. Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence(AI) robot that can use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts (催化剂) to break down water and release oxygen. It could be another way for space travelers in the future to make much-needed oxygen on Mars. Experiments were carried out on meteorites that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface. The “robot chemist” first used an acid and chemical mixture to separate and examine materials contained in the meteorites. It identified several different metallic elements and then worked to identify different molecules (分子) that could be produced from meteorite materials. The system found more than 3.7 million possible molecule combinations. The robot used that data to predict which catalysts would be able to split water molecules to produce oxygen. The catalyst chosen as the best fit was able to operate at minus 37 degrees Celsius. This temperature is similar to current conditions on Mars. The study’s lead writer, Jun Jiang, said that as a boy, he often dreamed of being able to one day travel in space. “So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules. I felt like my dream was coming true. I even started to imagine that I, myself, will live on Mars in the future.” A report explaining the study’s results notes Jiang suggests that for every square meter of Martian material, his group’s system could produce nearly 60 grams of oxygen per hour. The researchers say this level of production could remove the need for future astronauts to transport oxygen from Earth. “The robot can work continuously for years.” Jiang said. Jiang said, “It could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars. This could include processes for making substances to support the growth of plants that could be used to produce food for astronauts. Different chemicals can be made by this robot. Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other used, suggesting the moon as another possibility.” 12. What do Chinese scientists use AI robots to do in the research? A. To collect water data from Mars. B. To produce oxygen from water on Mars. C. To explore the ice coverage on Mars. D. To assist humans in settling down on Mars. 13 Which aspect of the research does Paragraph 2 focus on? A. Its process. B. Its scale. C. Its result. D. Its effect. 14. Why does the author mention Jiang’s dream? A. To explain the chemical reaction. B. To advocate space travel. C. To prove the success of the study. D. To show the future life on Mars. 15. What does Jiang stress in the last paragraph? A. The substances for growing plants on Mars. B. The existence of oxygen on the moon. C. The possible discovery of chemicals on Mars. D. The potential application of AI robots. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国科学家已经从多项研究中证实火星含有大量的水。大多数水以冰的形式存在。中国研究人员表示，他们已经制造了一种人造机器人，可以利用火星上发现的材料来生产催化剂，以分解水并释放氧气。这可能是未来太空旅行者制造火星上急需的氧气的另一种方式。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence(AI) robot that can use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts (催化剂) to break down water and release oxygen. (中国研究人员表示，他们已经制造出一种人工智能机器人，该机器人可以使用火星上发现的材料制造催化剂来分解水并释放氧气。)”可知，中国科学家在研究中使用人工智能机器人从火星上的水中产生氧气。故选B。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Experiments were carried out on meteorites that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface. The ‘robot chemist’ first used an acid and chemical mixture to separate and examine materials contained in the meteorites. (对来自火星或含有与火星表面相似物质的陨石进行了实验。“机器人化学家”首先使用酸和化学混合物来分离和检查陨石中所含的物质。)”可知，本段讲述的是研究的过程。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ ‘So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules. I felt like my dream was coming true. I even started to imagine that I, myself, will live on Mars in the future.’ (“所以当我们最终看到机器人制造的催化剂实际上可以通过分裂水分子产生氧气时。我觉得我的梦想就要实现了。我甚至开始想象我自己将来会住在火星上。”)”可知，作者提到蒋的梦想是为了证明这些研究是成功的。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Jiang said, ‘It could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars. This could include processes for making substances to support the growth of plants that could be used to produce food for astronauts. Different chemicals can be made by this robot. Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other used, suggesting the moon as another possibility.’ (蒋说:“它也可以用来在火星上生产其他有用的催化剂。这可能包括制造支持植物生长的物质的过程，这些植物可以用来为宇航员生产食物。这个机器人可以制造不同的化学品。火星可能也不是唯一可以找到其他用途的地方，这表明月球是另一种可能性。”)”可知，蒋强调了机器人对于太空研究的作用。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Durian (榴莲) prices in China — the world’s top market for the spiky, pungent fruit typically regarded as an expensive item — have fallen by over 30 percent this month, which delights durian lovers a lot and they even couldn’t wait to enjoy one. However, many people find it challenging and overwhelming when faced with a mountain of spiky durian stands when they are buying a satisfying durian. ____16____ Tap on it (not with your hand). If a durian is ripe, it should “sound like hitting a drum”, as the fruit is more hollow with gaps of air inside the fruit. ____17____ The seeds are sure to have loosened up when we shake a ripen durian. A darker stem means that the durian has been harvested much earlier, so, obviously, it isn’t suitable for us to choose. ____18____ A perfectly elliptical durian is not necessarily the most delicious! If the durian has bulging (鼓起的) sides, it is often an indication that the seeds are fleshy. If the sides are concave, it is likely the chamber is empty. Odd-shaped durians also do not mean that there is less meat. ____19____ It’s commonly acknowledged that larger and rounder fruits will always be drawn attention to, but as for durians, bigger is not necessarily better. ____20____ It’s wise of you to avoid a durian of huge size which seems delicious. You won’t miss a tasty durian for your careful choice. A. Purchasing a durian listen out for tapping sounds. B. Next time you buy a durian, do remember to choose a bigger one. C. In addition, one must also learn to observe the shape of the durian. D. Here are a few practical tips to help you become a skilled durian picker. E. Following the tips below, you’ll find it not difficult to break off a durian. F. The perfect weight of durian is 1.5 to 2kg, which provides the best flavors. G. They are usually more fragrant (芳香的) and creamier compared to perfectly rounded durians. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何挑选一个令人满意的榴莲。 【16题详解】 根据前文“However, many people find it challenging and overwhelming when faced with a mountain of spiky durian stands when they are buying a satisfying durian.(然而，许多人在购买满意的榴莲时，面对堆积如山的榴莲摊位，他们感到有挑战性并不知所措。)”可知，许多人在购买榴莲的时候，怎样挑选榴莲不知所措。D选项“Here are a few practical tips to help you become a skilled durian picker.(以下是一些实用的技巧，可以帮助你成为一名熟练的榴莲挑选者。)”回答了前文的问题，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“If a durian is ripe, it should ‘sound like hitting a drum’, as the fruit is more hollow with gaps of air inside the fruit.(如果榴莲成熟了，它的声音应该“听起来像敲鼓”，因为榴莲的果实更中空，里面有空隙。)”以及本段的主旨句“Tap on it (not with your hand).轻敲它(不要用手)，”可知，设空处内容应与“敲榴莲、听声音”有关，选项A“Purchasing a durian, listen out for tapping sounds.(购买榴莲时，注意听敲击的声音。)”与“敲榴莲、听声音”相对应。与本段落内容有关，故选A项。 【18题详解】 下文“A perfectly elliptical durian is not necessarily the most delicious!(完全椭圆的榴莲并不一定是最美味的!)”及本段中两个If引导的条件句“If the durian has bulging (鼓起的) sides(如果榴莲是鼓起的)”和“If the sides are concave(如果榴莲是凹的)”可知，本段主要与“榴莲形状”有关。C项“In addition, one must also learn to observe the shape of the durian.(此外，还必须学会观察榴莲的形状。)”概括本段大意，能引起下文内容。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Odd-shaped durians also do not mean that there is less meat.(形状奇特的榴莲也不意味着果肉少。)”可知，设空处应与“榴莲的出肉率”有关，G 选项“They are usually more fragrant (芳香的) and creamier compared to perfectly rounded durians.(它们通常比完美圆形的榴莲更香、更软糯。)”承接上文内容，符合语意，选项中They指代上文Odd-shaped durians。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“bigger is not necessarily better.(更大的榴莲不一定更好。)”及后文“It’s wise of you to avoid a durian of huge size which seems delicious.(不吃个头太大看起来很好吃的榴莲是明智的。)”可知，设空处应与“榴莲大小”有关，且并不是“越大越好”。F选项“The perfect weight of durian is 1.5 to 2kg, which provides the best flavors.(榴莲的最佳重量是1.5-2公斤，味道最好。)”具体指出榴莲的最佳重量，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We were a crowd of people from different villages who took the bus every day that summer 33 years ago. During the early morning ____21____ from the suburb, we sat lazily with our collars up to our cars. One of the ____22____ was a small grey man who took the bus to the centre for the elderly every morning. He walked with a heavily bent body and a ____23____ look on his face when he ____24____ the bus and sat down alone behind the driver. No one ever paid very much attention to him. Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver before sitting down. The driver ____25____ guardedly, the rest of us silent. The next day, the old man got on the bus ____26____, smiled and said in a loud voice: “And a very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured “Good morning.” ____27____. The following weeks, he said good morning to us every day and we ____28____ began to nod and talk to each other. The summer ____29____, and autumn was closing in. One morning the lovely old man wasn’t waiting at his usual stop and even in the following days. We started _____30_____ if he was sick or—hopefully—on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the centre for _____31_____ citizens, the conductor knew who we were talking about and told us due to his _____32_____ age, the gentleman had gone abroad to live with his son. Inside the bus was a short _____33_____. Then, all of us, who he had made such a/an _____34_____ on that summer, _____35_____ him well with delighted tears in our eyes. 21. A. walk B. ride C. flight D. drive 22. A. passengers B. friends C. designers D. entertainers 23. A. joyful B. surprised C. confused D. tired 24. A. left B. boarded C. saw D. avoided 25. A. shook B. blinked C. nodded D. stretched 26. A. energetically B. permanently C. unwillingly D. slowly 27. A. in advance B. in details C. in sight D. in reply 28. A. immediately B. gradually C. directly D. frequently 29. A. went away B. went on C. went back D. went by 30. A. wondering B. requesting C. telling D. checking 31. A. junior B. young C. senior D. sick 32. A. embarrassing B. admirable C. golden D. growing 33. A. pleasure B. silence C. cheer D. scare 34. A. impression B. comment C. decision D. agreement 35. A. kept B. left C. wished D. thought 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个温暖有爱的老人用他的热情和真诚感染了一群“熟悉”的陌生人，让世界充满爱与关怀。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在清晨从郊区出发的路上，我们懒洋洋地坐着，衣领直竖到耳朵。A. walk步行；B. ride(乘车的）短途旅行；C. flight飞行；D. drive驱车出行。根据上文“We were a crowd of people from different villages who took the bus every day that summer 33 years ago.”可知，33年前的那个夏天，我们是一群来自不同村庄的人，每天都坐公交车，所以是我们从郊区出发乘坐（ride)公交车。故选 B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一名乘客是一位头发灰白的小个子老人，他每天早上乘公共汽车去老年人中心。A. passengers乘客；B. friends朋友；C. designers设计师；D. entertainers表演者。根据第一段“We were a crowd of people from different villages who took the bus every day that summer 33 years ago.”及本句中“who took the bus to the centre for the elderly every morning.”可知，那位老人是一名乘客。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他弯着腰走着，一脸疲惫，好不容易才上了车，独自坐在司机后面。A. joyful高兴的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. confused 困惑的；D. tired疲惫的。根据本句中“walked with a heavily bent body”描写可知，这位老人脸上的表情应该是“疲惫的”。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他弯着腰走着，一脸疲惫，好不容易才上了车，独自坐在司机后面。A. left离开；B. boarded上船（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等）；C. saw看见；D. avoided避免。根据本句中“and sat down alone behind the driver”可知，这位老人“上了公交车”并坐在司机后面。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机戒备地点了点头。A. shook 摇晃；B. blinked 眨眼；C. nodded 点头；D. stretched伸展，伸出。根据上文“Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver before sitting down.”可知，老人上了公交车在坐下之前，和司机说了早安，司机戒备地点了点头。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二天，老人精力充沛地上了公共汽车，微笑着大声说：“大家早上好！”A. energetically精力充沛地；B. permanently 永久地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据句中“smiled and said in a loud voice”可知，这位老人上公共汽车时，应该是“精力充沛地”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我们中的一些人惊讶地抬起头来，低声回答说：“早上好。”A. in advance提前；B.in details详细地；C. in sight在视线内；D.in reply回答。根据上文“The next day, the old man got on the bus ____6____, smiled and said in a loud voice: “And a very good morning to you all!””可知，这位老人上车对每位乘客说早上好，因此乘客小声回复“早上好。”故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几个星期，他每天都跟我们说早上好，我们逐渐开始互相点头致意、交谈。A. immediately立即；B. gradually逐渐；C. directly直接地；D. frequently频繁地。根据句中“The following weeks, he said good morning to us every day”可知，在接下来的几个星期，老人每天都和大家说早上好，因此我们也“渐渐地”开始相互点头和交流了起来。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：夏天过去了，秋天即将来临。A. went away 离开；B. went on继续；C. went back回去；D. went by经过（随着时间的推移）。根据句中“and autumn was closing in”可知，秋天即将来临，故夏天过去了。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想知道/开始琢磨他是生病了还是去别的地方度假了。A. wondering想知道；B. requesting要求；C. telling辨别；D. checking检查。根据上文“One morning the lovely old man wasn’t waiting at his usual stop and even in the following days.”可知，人们想知道并开始琢磨他是生病了还是去别的地方度假了。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们乘坐的公共汽车快到老年人中心时，售票员知道我们在谈论谁。A. junior年少的；B. young年轻的；C. senior老年人的；D. sick 生病的。根据第二段第一句“One of the ____2____ was a small grey man who took the bus to the centre for the elderly every morning.”可知，老人每天早上乘公共汽车去老年人中心，因此售票员知道人们谈论的是谁。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于年事已高，这位先生已出国与儿子同住。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. admirable令人钦佩的；C. golden极好的；D. growing 增长的。根据第二段内容“One of the ____2____ was a small grey man who took the bus to the centre for the elderly every morning.”可知，一位老人每天早上乘公共汽车去老年人中心，因此他的年龄应该是“渐长的，增长的”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：车内是短暂的沉默。A. pleasure愉快；B. silence沉默；C. cheer欢呼；D. scare害怕。根据上文“the gentleman had gone abroad to live with his son.和下文“Then, all of us, who he had made such a/an ____14____ on that summer, ____15____ him well with delighted tears in our eyes.”可知，得知老人已出国和儿子同住，作者和其他人思绪万千，陷入了短暂的沉默。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，在那个夏天，他给我们所有人都留下了深刻的印象，我们热泪盈眶，祝福他一切顺利。A. impression印象；B. comment评论；C. decision决定；D. agreement同意。根据前文“he said good morning to us every day and we ____8____ began to nod and talk to each other.”可知，这位老人在公交车上对每位乘客说早上好，让乘客们感受到了爱和关怀，因此老人给乘客们留下了深刻的印象。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在那个夏天，他给我们所有人都留下了深刻的印象，我们热泪盈眶，祝福他一切顺利。A. kept保持；B. left离开，留下；C. wished希望；D. thought认为。根据前文“he said good morning to us every day and we ____8____ began to nod and talk to each other.”可知，这位老人在公交车上对每位乘客说早上好，让乘客们感受到了爱和关怀，得知老人已去国外和儿子同住，我们思绪万千，内心不舍，祝福他一切顺利。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Encouraged by beating drums and spirited cheering from the crowd, paddlers from more than 60 dragon boat teams made a splash at Salford Quays in Greater Manchester, England on the weekend ____36____(celebrate) the traditional Chinese Dragon Boa t Festival. The UK Chinese Dragon Boat Festival this year featured the ____37____(participate) of some world-renowned sports clubs, Manchester United FC, Manchester City FC, and Salford Red Devils rugby league club ____38____(include), which brought a new level of excitement to the event, and a fusion of sports culture. This year marks the 10th staging of the UK festival, ____39____ is said to be one of the largest dragon boat events in Europe and one of ____40____(significant) culture and sports highlights in the UK. Since it began in 2012, the competition ____41____(organize) by the Xinhua Chinese Association (XCA) in partnership with Salford City Council and the British Dragon Boa t Racing Association. In addition ____42____ boat races, this year’s celebration in Manchester featured a variety of cultural performances, including dragon and lion dances, kung fu, and waist drum dances, attracting many curious and interested ____43____(passer-by). People also enjoyed zongzi, a type of ____44____(stick) rice dumpling that is _____45_____ traditional Chinese treat during Dragon Boat Festival. 【答案】36. to celebrate 37. participation 38. included 39. which 40. the most significant 41. has been organized 42. to 43. passers-by 44. sticky 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要报道了英国大曼彻斯特地区庆祝中国传统端午节的 Dragon Boat Festival 活动。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：周末，在鼓声和人群的热烈欢呼中，来自60多个龙舟队的桨手在英国大曼彻斯特的索尔福德码头掀起了水花，庆祝中国传统的龙舟节。句中made为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示“去庆祝中国传统的龙舟节”，故使用不定式结构作状语。故填to celebrate。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：今年的英国中国龙舟节吸引了包括曼联、曼城、索尔福德红魔橄榄球俱乐部在内的世界知名体育俱乐部的参与，为活动带来了新的刺激，并融合了体育文化。设空处使用participate的名词participation作宾语，意为“参与”。故填participation。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中featured为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Manchester United FC, Manchester City FC, 和Salford Red Devils rugby league club与include之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填included。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：今年是英国龙舟节的第十届，据说这是欧洲最大的龙舟活动之一，也是英国最重要的文化和体育亮点之一。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的the UK festival，为物，用which。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。句中one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数为固定结构，使用形容词最高级作定语，意为“最……之一”。故使用significant的最高级，最高级前有定冠词the表示限定。故填the most significant。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：自2012年开始举办以来，该比赛一直由新华华人协会(XCA)与索尔福德市议会和英国龙舟赛协会合作举办。句中since+一般过去时，为现在完成时时间标志，同时the competition与organize之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been organized。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了赛艇比赛，今年在曼彻斯特举行的庆祝活动还包括各种文化表演，包括舞龙舞狮、功夫和腰鼓舞，吸引了许多好奇和感兴趣的路人。句中in addition to为固定短语，意为“除了……”。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处passer-by为可数名词，意为“过路人”，此处表示复数意义，故使用名词复数作宾语。故填passers-by。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们还喜欢吃粽子，这是一种中国传统的端午节食物。句中使用stick的形容词sticky作定语。sticky rice意为“糯米”。故填sticky。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。句中treat为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故设空处使用不定冠词，同时其修饰词traditional首字母为辅音音素。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Jason近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生使用智能手机的情况。请给他写一封回信。 内容包括： 1.中国高中生使用智能手机的现状； 2.你对高中生使用智能手机的看法。 注意： 1.词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jason, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jason, I’m delighted to share with you the current situation of smartphone usage among high school students in China. Nowadays, it’s quite common for high school students to use smartphones for various purposes, such as learning, communication, and entertainment. They utilize apps for online courses and homework help, keep in touch with friends, and enjoy games or social media in their spare time. However, I believe that while smartphones offer great convenience, they also present challenges. Excessive use can affect students’ studies and health. It’s essential to strike a balance between the benefits and potential drawbacks. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇介绍信。要求考生给外国好友写一封信，介绍中国高中生使用智能手机的情况，以及自己的看法。考生应该添加合理细节。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 智能手机：smartphone→mobile device, cell phone 影响：affect→influence, impact 便利：convenience→ease, accessibility 平衡：balance→equilibrium compromise 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：Nowadays, it’s quite common for high school students to use smartphones for various purposes, such as learning, communication, and entertainment. 拓展句：Nowadays, it’s quite common that high school students use smartphones for various purposes, such as learning, communication, and entertainment. 【点睛】【高分句型1】They utilize apps for online courses and homework help, keep in touch with friends, and enjoy games or social media in their spare time.（多个动词短语形成的并列结构） 【高分句型2】However, I believe that while smartphones offer great convenience, they also present challenges.（that引导的宾语从句，while引导的让步状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I grew up in a small town where the primary school was ten minutes’ walk from my home. So I would rush back home for lunch. One lunchtime when I was in the fourth grade will always be kept in my mind. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play. However, no matter how smoothly I read lines at home, the moment I stepped onstage, every word escaped me. Finally, my teacher took me aside, explaining in a kind voice, “I had written the narrator’s (旁白) part in the play. Are you willing to change roles?” I had to hold back tears as I nodded, watching helplessly my part go to another girl. I felt too ashamed to tell my mother what happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed I was different, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day with the rose vine turning green. Under the huge tree, we could see bunches of yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass as if a painter had touched our landscape with dabs of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I’m going to clear all the weeds (草),” she said, pulling it out by its roots. “You see, we’ll have only beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions.” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” She asked thoughtfully. I gave her an approving nod, secretly pleased that the dandelions could survive my mom’s wedding plan. “And that is true of people too,” she continued. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I couldn’t help breaking into tears. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I told her what had happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally came the big day. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled reassuringly. “You will be a beautiful narrator,” she encouraged, “The narrator’s part is as important as the part of a princess.” Wearing a shining smile, my beloved mother comforted me as always she did. Her words reminded me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. Over the next weeks, with her constant encouragement, I learned to take pride in the role. Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines painstakingly and talking about what I would wear. Finally came the big day. Waiting backstage, I suddenly felt nervous, but it was at that very moment that I found a dandelion in my pocket. Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down and brought me power, My performance turned out to be a great success. And I firmly believed the princess couldn’t have won such thunderous applause without my beautiful narration. Since then, the dandelion, a gift from my mother, has always inspired me to be a confident girl. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上小学四年级的时候，她被选为学校戏剧的公主角色，但由于紧张导致在舞台上无法顺利表演。在老师的建议下，她不得不将公主角色让给另一个女孩，转而担任旁白。回到家后，她感到羞愧和沮丧，不愿告诉母亲发生的一切。然而，母亲用蒲公英作为隐喻，告诉作者不是每个人都能成为公主，但这并不意味着有什么可羞耻的。在母亲的激发和鼓励下让小女孩重新找回了自信，最终，在戏剧表演中，她的旁白赢得了观众的热烈掌声，让她坚信自己的重要性。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我把发生的事告诉了她。”可知，第一段可描写母亲得知真相后，一如既往的安慰作者并激励作者担任好旁白的角色，作者备受激发和鼓舞，迎接表演的到来。 ②由第二段首句内容“大日子终于到来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在上台之前的紧张，作者发现口袋里的蒲公英，这给了作者莫大的鼓励，最终表演成功。 2.续写线索： 作者告知真相——母亲安慰和鼓励——作者备受鼓舞准备表演——上台前的紧张——口袋里发现蒲公英收到鼓励——表演成功并且作者成为一个自信的女孩 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①微笑：smile/wear a smile ②凝视：look at/stare at ③给我力量：bring me power/give me strength 情绪类 ①宽慰地微笑：smile reassuringly/smile soothingly/smile with comfort ②冷静：calm down/keep a cool head 【点睛】[高分句型1] Wearing a shining smile, my beloved mother comforted me as a always as she did.（由现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Waiting backstage, I suddenly felt nervous, but it was at that very moment that I found a dandelion in my pocket.（句中构成强调句结构以及现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$