Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 语法Grammar 动词不定式和ing形式作宾语-2024-2025学年高二英语单元语法，词汇练习(外研版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 动词不定式和ing形式做宾语 一、单项选择 1．Although it was very late when John began doing the job, he managed, with his friend’s assistance, ________ before the building was locked. A．to be finished B．being finished C．finishing D．to finish 2．Do you consider it better ________? A．not doing it again B．not do it again C．not having done it again D．not to do it again 3．— My teeth are loose. — I think you need ________ some Vitamin C． A．having B．to have C．have D．to having 4．—Peter always remember________ the light off when he leaves the room. — That’s great. It’s a good way to save energy. A．turn B．to turn C．turning D．turned 5．I know you’re dying ________ all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which help you picture the places I talk about. A．hear B．to hear C．hearing D．heard 6．He cannot help ______ house because he’s busy preparing his exam. A．moving B．to move C．moved D．being moved 7．If you think a letter is too slow, why not _____ a telegram? A．try to have sent B．trying to send C．to try to send D．try sending 8．I’m afraid I can’t help Lucy from Lily because I only met the twins once before. A．to tell B．telling C．to judge D．judging 9．After climbing to the top of the mountain, I found it difficult ________. A．to breathe B．breathing C．breathe D．having breathed 10．The doctors and nurses manages ________ the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine. A．to save B．save C．saving D．saved 11．Don’t bother ________ the talented performer, because the activity was cancelled. A．invited B．to inviting C．having invited D．to invite 12．I didn’t mean________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help trying it. A．eating B．to eat C．to be eating D．having eaten 13．Father's Day is coming. I decide ________ a big meal for my father. A．cook B．to cook C．cooking D．cooked 14．As soon as she got home, she set out ________ lunch. A．preparing B．to prepare C．prepare D．prepared 15．He really gave his all till his heart ceased ___________. A．to beat B．beating C．beat D．beated 16．The man is bad-tempered and tends to _____ at any moment over the least thing. A．explore B．expose C．expand D．explode 17．I’m sorry to know from your last email that you have trouble______ to senior high school life. A．adapted B．adapts C．adapting D．adaptation 18．The children all look forward to _________ part in after-school activities. A．take B．taking C．taken D．took 19．The little boy admitted ________ the glass while playing football. A．to have broken B．breaking C．having been broken D．to break 20．This sentence needs ___________ . A．a improvement B．improve C．improving D．improved 21．The parents persuaded their son ________ up early. A．to getting B．getting C．got D．into getting 22．Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks ______ and closed could be heard in the street. A．opened B．being opened C．opening D．to be opened 23．—Why do people often have trouble ______ English? —Well, I think English can be a crazy language to learn. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 24．I’m sure she will succeed in __________ the competition. A．to win B．win C．winning D．won 25．I regret ______ the opportunity to travel when I had the chance. A．not to take B．not taking C．not being taken D．not to be taken 26．Paul has always regretted ________ harder at school when he was young. A．not having studied B．to not have studied C．not being studied D．to not study 27．Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop ________ to wildlife and to our planet. A．to threaten B．to be a threat C．threatening D．being a threat 28．She gets bored of ________ the piano. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 29．J.D．Salinger started _________ short stories in high school, but latter struggled to get his works published. A．write     B．writing     C．written D． wrote 30．We are looking forward to ________ a chance to watch the opening ceremony of London 2012 Olympic. A．give B．be given C．being given D．giving 二、语法填空 31．We tend (get) cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country. 32．For years Hainan has been developing its tourism industry, which aims (turn) the island into an international tourist destination. 33．He also gives lectures about the fight against desertification at schools of Alshaa League, hoping (raise) awareness among young people. 34．Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided (cover) the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 35．The teaching staff and all the students set out (plant) trees with great enthusiasm. 36．As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are finding it easier (combine) parenthood with a full­time career. 37．As the new immigrants gain financial independence and a greater knowledge of the surrounding city, they may choose (stay) close to known friends and neighbors for comfort. 38．Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants (contact) and what method works best for you both. 39．It was at that time that I determined (go) on working on the farm so that I could help support my family. 40．Howard declined (come) and in that case we asked somebody else to help us overcome the difficulties. 41．To everyone’s surprise, Michael claimed (finish) all his homework in just one hour. 42．As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted (express). 43．Endangered species continue (exist) only if we take decisive steps to preserve their habitats and curb human interference. 44．She buried her head under the covers, pretending (be) asleep. 45．Tony’s sister enjoys (listen) to music and she often goes to concerts. 46．The government stressed that efforts must be made to prevent risks (arise) from gathering of tourists. 47．She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research, and (train) the next generation of doctors. 48．You can’t avoid   (make) mistakes in language learning. 49．Mary, a famous actress, spends two hours every day (work) out to keep slim. 50．Thus, it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends, family members, or classmates rather than (hold) them back. 51．A composer is capable of (compose) music, while a performer is able to perform on stage. 52．I participated in the activity where my work involved (care) for the elderly. 53．Fast food is full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. (所给词的的适当形式填空) 54．Do you feel like (dive) into the depths of the ocean? 55．Bernard settled down to (learn) how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn. 56．Why is it important to study the history and culture of the United Kingdom before (pay) a visit to it? 57．And half of the students surveyed prefer to learn English by watch) English movies. 58．In fact, I think it would be a good idea to ban (smoke) in parks as well. 59．I believe nothing could prevent you from (make) progress if you put your heart and soul into your study. 60．More importantly, the festival brought me lovely memories and friendships worth (cherish) forever. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然约翰开始做这项工作已经很晚了，但在他朋友的帮助下，他设法在大楼被锁上之前完成了这项工作。分析句子，manage to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示“设法做成某事”，后面接不定式作宾语。因此，句子应该为he managed to finish，表示“他设法在大楼锁门前完成了这项工作”。故选D。 2．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你认为不再做一次更好吗？分析句子结构可知，此处使用it作形式宾语，后接不定式作真正宾语，结合句意使用不定式的否定形式not to do，故选择D项。 3．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——我的牙齿松动了。——我觉得你需要吃点维他命C。结合表示“需要做某事”短语为need to do sth.。故选B。 4．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——彼得离开房间时总是记得关灯。——太好了。这是节约能源的好方法。句中remember to do意为“记得去做某事”，表示该事还未做。故使用不定式结构作宾语。remember doing意为“记得做过某事”，不合句意，故选B。 5．B 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我知道你很想听到我在这里的生活，所以我附上了一些照片，可以帮助你描绘我谈论的地方。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配be dying to do sth.，意为“渴望做某事”。故填B。 6．B 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他忙着准备考试，不能帮助搬家。根据句中because he’s busy preparing his exam可知，此处指“他不能帮助搬家”。can not help to do的意思是“不能帮助做某事”，can not help doing的意思是“禁不住做某事”。故选B。 7．D 【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语。句意：如果你认为写信太慢，为什么不试着发个电报呢？固定句型why not do sth?意为：为什么不做……？故why not 后用动词原形；动词短语try doing sth意为：试着做某事，符合句意。故选D。 8．A 【详解】考查固定短语。句意为：恐怕我不能帮助辨别出Lucy和Lily，因为以前我只见过这对孪生姐妹一次。help此处作“帮助”讲，后跟不定式作宾语。故选A。 9．A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：爬到山顶后，我感到呼吸困难。结合句意此处为it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语的结构，应用不定式形式to breathe。故选A项。 10．A 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：医生和护士设法挽救了病人的生命，尽管他们没有足够的药物。短语manage to do，意为“设法做成某事”，根据上下文的转折关系，可知是设法挽救了病人的生命符合语境，故选A。 11．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不必麻烦邀请这位才华横溢的表演者，因为活动已经取消了。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语bother to do sth.，意为“费心去做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语，因此空处应填to invite。故选D项。 12．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我并不打算吃任何东西，但是冰淇淋看起来太好吃了，我忍不住尝了尝。根据句子结构分析可知，此处eat为非谓语动词作mean的宾语，根据短语mean to do sth.意为“打算去做某事”可知，此处需要使用to eat。故选B。 13．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：父亲节要来了，我决定为我爸爸做一顿大餐。decide后面需用不定式to do做宾语，decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选B项。 14．B 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。句意：她一到家就开始准备午饭。set out to do是固定短语，意为“开始着手做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to prepare，故选B。 15．A 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他真是鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。分析句子可知，“cease”意为“停止”，动词词性，“cease to do sth.”意为“停止原来已有的习惯性动作，且永远停止不再进行”，“cease doing sth.”意为“停止一个暂时性的动作，接下来有可能继续进行”，根据句意，句中表示的是“死而后已”，由此可知，应用“cease to do sth.”，表示心脏永远停止跳动，“beat”意为“（心脏）跳动”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to beat”。故选A项。 16．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人脾气很坏，动不动就为一点小事发火。A. explore考察，探索；B. expose使遭受（危险或不快），接触；C. expand扩大，增加；D. explode（使）爆炸，（情感）迸发，爆发。由语意可知，这个男子容易生气发火，explode符合语境；此处跟在动词tend后以动词不定式的形式作宾语。故选D项。 17．C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很抱歉从你上一封邮件中得知你很难适应高中生活。have trouble doing sth“做某事有麻烦”，故此处应用动名词形式，故选C。 18．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们都盼望参加课外活动。look forward to doing sth.“盼望做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故选B。 19．B 【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个小男孩承认踢足球时打碎了玻璃。admit having done sth. (承认做过某事)，admit doing sth. (承认做某事)，主动语态，break用动名词一般式作宾语。故选B项。 20．C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个句子需要改进。短语need doing sth.表示“需要（被）做某事”，动名词作宾语。名词improvement表抽象概念，不可数，前面不用冠词，故排除A选项。故选C。 21．D 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：父母说服儿子早起。短语persuade sb. into doing sth.表示“说服某人做某事”，指通过劝说或游说使某人做某事。故选D。 22．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通常开始上课的时候，教室外面可以听到课桌打开和关上的声音。分析句子结构，could be heard为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词与desks构成动名词复合结构作宾语，且open和close与desk是动宾关系，需用被动语态being done。故选B。 23．C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——为什么人们在学习英语时经常遇到困难？——嗯，我认为英语可能是一门疯狂的学习语言。have trouble (in) doing...是固定结构，意为“做……有困难”，且people与learn“学习”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动名词的主动式，作in的宾语。故选C项。 24．C 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我相信她会赢得比赛的。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语succeed in doing“成功做某事”，满足句意要求，所以此处为动名词形式。故选C项。 25．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我后悔当初有机会去旅行却没有抓住。regret doing sth表示“后悔做过某事”，强调事情已做过，regret not doing sth表示“后悔没做某事”，regret to do sth表示“遗憾地去做某事”，强调事情还未做，regret not to do sth表示“为将不做某事而感到遗憾”，根据句意可知，“我后悔没有抓住旅行的机会”，表示“后悔没做某事”，“I”和“take”之间是主动关系，故用regret not doing sth表示。故选B项。 26．A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保罗一直后悔小时候在学校没有努力学习。根据“harder at school when he was young”和选项内容可知，保罗后悔的是小时候在学校“没有努力学习”，应用regret doing sth.表示“后悔或遗憾做过某事”，动名词作宾语，表示否定的not需放在doing之前，且“没有努力学习”和谓语行为之间有一定的时间间隔，应用动名词的完成式形式。故选A。 27．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。threaten为动词“威胁”，threaten sb./sth.“威胁某人或某物”。根据空后的to可知，该空处需要用be a threat to“对…构成威胁”。stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，该短语表示停下现在做的事情去做另外一件事。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，该短语表示停下做现在的事情。此处指停止现在对野生动物和地球的威胁，所以be需要动名词形式being。故选D。 28．D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：她对弹钢琴感到厌烦。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语get bored of doing“厌倦做某事”，满足句意要求。故选D项。 29．B 【详解】考查动词搭配。句意：塞林格在高中就开始写短篇小说了，但后来却很难出版他的作品。start后跟to do或者doing。故选B。 30．C 【详解】考查非谓语动词和被动语态。句意：我们期望被给机会看伦敦2012年奥运会的开幕式。look forward to“期望”，为固定短语，其中to为介词，后接动名词形式作宾语，且We和give“给”为被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式being given。故选C项。 31．to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个国家的这个地区，我们往往会经历寒冷的冬天和温暖干燥的夏天。固定搭配tend to do something“往往做某事”，动词tend后跟不定式作宾语。故填to get。 32．to turn 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：海南多年来一直在发展旅游业，目的是把海南岛变成一个国际旅游目的地。aim to do sth.“目的是做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾语。故填to turn。 33．to raise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还在阿尔沙亚联盟的学校做关于防治荒漠化的讲座，希望提高年轻人的意识。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾语。故填to raise。 34．to cover 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步旅行，向古丝绸之路致敬。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to cover。 35．to plant 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全体教师和学生怀着极大的热情开始了植树活动。set out to do sth.意思为：着手做某事，为固定短语。故填to plant。 36．to combine 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现把为人父母和全职工作结合起来更容易了。此处为find it adj. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语，故填to combine。 37．to stay 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着新移民在经济上获得独立，对周围城市有了更多的了解，他们可能会选择与熟悉的朋友和邻居住在一起，以寻求安慰。choose to do sth.“选择做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾语。故填to stay。 38．to be contacted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了，你们每个人都想多久联系一次，什么方法对你们俩都最有效。分析句子结构，want to do为固定短语，含义为“想要……”，符合句意，因空白处与其逻辑主语each of you之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用动词不定式的被动式，故填to be contacted。 39．to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就在那个时候，我决定继续在农场工作，这样我就可以帮助我的家人。determine to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语。故填to go。 40．to come 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：霍华德拒绝来，既然如此，我们就请别人帮我们克服困难。固定搭配decline to do sth“拒绝做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to come。 41．to have finished 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：出乎所有人意料的是，迈克尔声称他在一个小时内完成了所有的家庭作业。本句谓语为claimed，此处为非谓语动词，且finish“完成”发生在claimed之前，应用不定式的完成式，作宾语。故填to have finished。 42．to express 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐，并完全理解了他想表达的意思。want to do意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用to do不定式作宾语。故填to express。 43．to exist 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有我们采取果断措施保护濒危物种的栖息地，遏制人类的干预，它们才能继续存在。continue to do...是固定搭配，意为“继续做……”，用不定式to exist作宾语。故填to exist。 44．to be 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。分析可知，“pretend to do sth.”，意为“假装做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to be。 45．listening 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：托尼的妹妹喜欢听音乐，她经常去听音乐会。固定短语enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，因此用listen的动名词形式，作宾语。故填listening。 46．arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府强调，必须努力防止游客聚集带来的风险。prevent sb. / sth. (from) doing sth.防止某人/某物做某事，故填arising。 47．training 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：她对照顾病人、发表医学研究和培训下一代医生更感兴趣。分析句子可知，此空应用动名词形式，作介词in后面宾语。故填training。 48．making 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在语言学习中，你无法避免犯错误。avoid是动词，意思是“避免”，后面通常跟动名词形式作宾语，即avoid doing something，表示“避免做某事”。故答案填making。 49．working 【详解】考查动名词。句意：玛丽，一位著名的女演员，每天花两个小时锻炼身体以保持苗条。spend time (in) doing sth：花费时间做某事，介词in后接动名词作宾语，故填working。 50．holding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，向你的朋友、家人或同学提出问题可能是值得的，而不是把问题憋在心里。rather than“而不是”前后的动词形式要保持一致，前面的bringing是动词-ing形式，因此空处应用hold的-ing形式，作宾语。故填holding。 51．composing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作曲家能作曲，而表演者能在舞台上表演。此处作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填composing。 52．caring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我参加了一个活动，我的工作包括照顾老人。involve doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“包括做某事”。故填caring。 53．eating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐，通过吃更多的快餐，人们会摄入比他们饮食所需更多的盐和脂肪。介词后接动名词作宾语，故填eating。 54．diving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：你想潜入海洋深处吗？分析句子可知，此处为动词短语feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填diving。 55．learning 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始认真学习如何制作爆米花。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据settle down to doing sth.意为“开始认真作某事”可知，此处应使用动名词形式作宾语。故填learning。 56．paying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：为什么在参观英国之前学习英国的历史和文化很重要？介词后接动名词作宾语，故填paying。 57．watching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一半的受访学生更喜欢通过看英语电影来学习英语。分析句子结构可知，位于介词后此处使用动名词作宾语，故填watching。 58．smoking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，我认为在公园里禁烟也是一个好主意。ban doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“禁止做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填smoking。 59．making 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我相信如果你全身心地投入到学习中，没有什么能阻止你取得进步。prevent sb (from) doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，故填making。 60．cherishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，这个节日给我带来了美好的回忆和值得永远珍惜的友谊。worth doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”。故填cherishing。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$