内容正文:
初中学业水平考试总复习·英语》
第五章
复合句
◆知识导图◆
Hurry up or we'll be late.抓紧时间,不
并列句
然的话我们要迟到了。
并列复合句
复合句
(二)复合句
宾语从句的时态
由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子
宾语从句的语序
叫做复合句(Complex Sentence)。主句是复合
复
宾语从句
宾语从句的连接词
句的主干部分,从句充当主句的某个部分。从
句
否定转移
句在主句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、
时间状语从句
定语、状语等。例如:
原因状语从句
What he did made his mother happy.他所
主从复合句
条件状语从句
做的事情让他妈妈很高兴。
状语从句比较状语从句
He'll be ready to accept whatever help he
结果状语从句
can get.他将愿意接受他能得到的任何帮助。
目的状语从句
Do you know the people who live over the
让步状语从句
road?你认识住在马路对面的人吗?
定语从句
Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要
◆知识要领◆
告别。
一、并列复合句
例题评析
(一)并列句
含有两个或多个相互并列的主谓结构的句
L.(2023·上海宝山·统考一模)Jane,get up
子叫做并列句(Compound Sentence)。并列句
early,
you will miss the early bus.
中的各个分句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从
A.or
B.so
属关系,是平行并列的关系。并列句是由并列
C.but
D.and
连词(and,so,but,or等)把两个或两个以上
【答案解析】A此题考查复合句中连词的
的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。例如:
使用。句意为:简,早点起床,否则你会错过
Mike is not only a good basketball player,
早班车的。or或者:so因此;but但是;and
but also a good football player..迈克不但是个
和。此处是固定句式“祈使句十and/or十陈
出色的篮球运动员,还是个出色的足球运动员。
述句”,“get up early”和“miss the early bus"
She didn't speak to anyone and nobody
是转折关系,所以此句需用or。故选A。
spoke to her..她不跟别人说话,也没人跟她
2.(2023·江苏无锡·中考真题)I will try my
说话。
best to help you,
I don't know
The movie started at eight,so I left home at
what to start with yet.
six thirty.电影8点开始,所以我6点半离开家。
A.whether
B.Since
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第四部分句法知识
C.though
D.until
的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句
【答案解析】C此题考查复合句中从属连
时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照先主语后谓
词的使用。句意为:我将尽力帮助你,虽然我
语的顺序。例如:
还不知道从何做起。whether是否:since自
Do you know what Mary's e-mail address
从;though虽然;until直到。根据“I will try
s?你知道玛丽的电子邮件地址吗?
my best to help you,...I don't know what to
I wonder if/whether they'll have the races
start with yet.”可知,前后构成让步关系,用
again next year,.我想知道明年他们是否会再次
though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
举行比赛。
二,主从复合句
I asked Candy how life was different after
she became[amous..我问凯蒂成名后的生活有
(一)宾语从句(Object Clause)
什么不同。
在复合句中,由一个句子充当宾语,这个句
3.宾语从句的连接词
子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句可以作及物动词的
(1)当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导。
宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的
例如:
常见关联词有that,if,whether,what,who,
He realized that Americans can hardly
where,why和how等。
avoid buying products made in China.他意识
1.宾语从句的时态
到美国人几乎无法避免购买中国制造的产品。
(1)如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般
【说明】连接词that用于下列情况时不
现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语
可以省略:
从句的时态要根据实际情况而定。例如:
I)当出现两个或两个以上的that引导的
I think that mooncakes are delicious!我觉
宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,其他的
得月饼很好吃!
that不能省略。例如:
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态(如:一般
She told me (that)the film was very good
过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句要用过去
and that she wanted to see it again.她告诉我
的某种时态(包括一殷过去时、过去进行时、过
那部电影很好,而且她还想再看一次
去将来时、过去完成时)。例如:
2)当宾语从句的主语是this/that时,连接
He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
词that不能省略。例如:
One night,he found that the moon was so
The facts tell us that this is not true.
bright and round that he could see his wife
实告诉我们这不是真的。
there.一天晚上,他发现月亮又亮又圆,他可以
3)当that引导的宾语从句中含有主从复
在那里看到他的妻子。
合句,且从句位于主句之前时,that不能省略。
(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真
例如:
理,即使主句是过去的时态,从句也要用一般现
Studies show that if you are interested in
在时。例如:
something,your brain is more active..研究表
I learned that the sun rises in the east.
明,如果你对某物感兴趣,你的大脑更活跃。
学了太阳从东方升起。
(2)含疑问语气的句子构成宾语从句时,用
2.宾语从句的语序
whether或f连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立
句。例如:
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初中学业水平考试总复习·英语
I wonder if children over there also give
们可以向谁学习。句子是宾语从句,用陈述
similar gifts to their parents..我想知道那边的
语序,排除A、C:根据“When】walk along
孩子是否也会给他们的父母相似的礼物。
with two others,they may serve me as my
(3)连接代词what,who,whom,whose,
teachers'”可知此句意为:为“三人行,必有我
which引导宾语从句时,连接代词在从句中作
师焉”,即我们要向别人学习,用who引导宾
主语、宾语、表语、定语等,不能省略。例如:
语从句。故选B。
They always talk about what will happen
2.(2023·襄阳·中考真题)一I wonder
if I don't succeed.他们总是谈论如果我不成功
-There is a new parking lot across the
会发生什么。
street from here.
(4)连接副词when,where,how,why等
A.where I can park my car
引导宾语从句时,连接副词在从句中作状语,不
B.where can I park my car
能省略。例如:
C.how long I should park my car
Do you know when the bookstore opens
D.how long should I park my car
today?你知道书店今天什么时候开门吗?
【答案解析】A此题考查宾语从句。句意
4.否定转移
为:一我想知道我能把车停在哪里。一在这
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句
条街对面有一个新的停车场。句子是宾语从
的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,
句,用陈述语序,排除BD;根据“There is a
believe,suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移
new parking lot across the street from here"
到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句
可知此处询问在哪里停车,用where引导宾
的谓语动词用肯定式。例如:
语从句。故选A。
I didn't think you liked sports..我原以为
(二)状语从句(Adverbial Clause)
你不喜好运动。
Idon't believe he's only25.我不相信他只
在复合句中,用作状语的从句叫做状语从
有25岁。
句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、
I don't suppose I'll ever see her again.
原因、条件、比较、结果、目的和让步等类型。它
想我再也不会见到她了。
可以修饰谓语,非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个
句子
例题评析
1时间状语从句
1.(2023·武汉·中考真题)This famous
引导连词:when/while/as(当…时),
saying "When I walk along with two
before(在…之前),after(在…之后),since
others,they may serve me as my teachers"
(自从),till/until(直到),as soon as(一…
tells us
就…),whenever(任何时候)
A.how should we treat people
例如:
B.who we can learn from
When she came in,I stopped eating..当她
C.what did we say in public
进来的时候,我停下了吃东西。
D.why we need teachers
While my wife
was
reading
the
【答案解析】B此题考查宾语从句。句意
newspaper,I was watching TV.当我妻子在读
为:“三人行,必有我师焉”这句名言告诉我
报纸的时候,我正在看电视。
212
地第四部分句法知识
As we were going out,it began to snow.
比她姐姐漂亮。
当我们出去的时候,天开始下雪了。
5.结果状语从句
Make sure that all the lights are off before
引导连词:so…that(如此…以致于)
you go to bed.睡前确保所有的灯都关上
例如:
t's twenty years since I've seen her..我已
There was so much smoke that they
经二十年没见她了。
couldn't see across the hallway..烟雾浓得他们
You can ask for help whenever you need
连门厅的对面都看不到。
t.你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。
6.目的状语从句
L,et's wait until the rain stops.咱们等雨停
引导连词:so(因此,所以),so that(结果,
了吧。
以致)等
2.原因状语从句
It was still painful so I went to see a
引导连词:because(因为),as(因为,由
doctor,.那地方还疼,因此我去看了医生。
于),since(因为,由于,既然)等
Bring it nearer so that I may see it better.
例如:
把它拿近一些,好让我看得更清楚些。
We didn't enjoy the day because the
7.让步状语从句
weather was so awful.我们不喜欢这一天,因
引导连词:although(虽然,尽管,即使),
为天气实在太槽。
even though(即使,纵然)等
She may need some help as she's new.
Although in poor health,she continued to
于她是新来的,她可能需要一些帮助。
carry out her duties.尽管身体不好,但她继续
We thought that,since we were in the
执行任务。
area,we'd stop by and see them.我们想,既然
He's the best teacher even though he has
我们在这个地区,我们就该顺便去看看他们。
the least experience,.尽管他经验最少,但他是
3.条件状语从句
最出色的教师。
引导连词:if(如果),unless(除非,如果不)
特别提醒:在时间状语从句和条件状语从
等
句中通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用于
例如:
描述可能发生的事情或真实事件的结果或
If you see him,give him this note,你要是
影响。
见到他,就把这个便条给他。
例如:
He will fail the course unless he gets a 90
If it rains,(then)we won't go to the
on the exam,如果他考不到90分,他这门课程
park.要是下雨,我们就不去公园了。
就不及格。
He won't go to sleep unless you tell him a
4.比较状语从句
story.要是你不给他讲故事他就不睡觉。
引导连词:as(so)…as(像…一样),than
例题评析。
(比)
例如:
1(2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题)一How
We work as hard as any other team in
time flies!We'll graduate from middle
England.我们同英格兰的任何一队一样努力。
school this weekend!
Natalie is prettier than her sister.纳塔莉
we have to say goodbye,I will
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初中学业水平考试总复习·英语川
remember our friendship forever.
故选C。
A.Because
B.Although
(三)定语从句(Attributive Clause)
C.Unless
D.Until
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句
【答案解析】B此题考查从属连词辨析。
叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行
句意为:一时光飞逝!我们这个周末将从中
词,其通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句
学毕业!一虽然我们不得不说再见,但我将
的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,
永远记住我们的友谊。Because因为;
所有格whose)和关系副词where,when,why。
Although尽管;Unless除非:Until直到。根
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之
据“we have to say goodbye,I will remember
间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个
our friendship forever.”可知,尽管我们不得
成分。
不说再见,但我将永远记住我们的友谊,应用
各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法:
although来引导让步状语从句。故选B。
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语时,不可
2.(2021·天津·中考真题)My cousin
省略。例如:
became
a country doctor
he
We need teachers who know English quite
finished medical school.
welL我们需要精通英语的老师。
A.after
B.so that
C.but
Do you know the man who came to see me
D.so
last night?你认识昨晚来看我的那个人吗?
【答案解析】A此题考查状语从句。句
意:我的堂兄从医学院毕业后成为一名乡村
2.whom(who的宾格)指人,在定语从句
医生。根据语境可知,“从医学院毕业”与
中作宾语,往往可以省略。在口语中,whom也
“成为一名乡村医生”存在先后顺序。故
可常以who来代替。例如:
选A。
This is the boy whom I met on Friday.
3.(2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)一Are
就是我星期五碰到的那个男孩。
you going to Tom's birthday party this
She is the new student (whom)I want to
Sunday?
introduce to you.她就是我想向你介绍的那个
-Unless I
新学生。
A.am inviting
B.will be invited
3.whose(who的所有格)代表人或物,在
C.am invited
D.will be inviting
定语从句中作定语,不可省略。例如:
【答案解析】C此题考查条件状语从句和
What is the name of the boy whose
被动语态。句意为:一这个星期天你要去
brother is a railway worker?那个哥哥是铁路
Tom的生日派对吗?一除非我被邀请。根
工人的男孩叫什么名字?
据“Are you going to Tom's birthday party
I know a compound whose structure is
this Sunday?”和“Unless I”可知,答句是
like this.我知道一个化合物,它的结构是像这
unless引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从
样的。
现”,从句应是一般现在时,排除选项B和D:
4.which指事物,在定语从句中可以作主
答句应是表示“除非被邀请去派对,否则就不
语或宾语。例如:
去”,从句是被动语态,所以从句用一般现在
The thing which we need to breathe is
时的被动语态,谓语结构是am/is/are done
oxygen.我们需要呼吸的是氧气。
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第四部分句法知识
Air is not a thing which you can see..空气
行词决定:先行词表示“人”时,其关联词一般要
不是你能看得见的东西。
用who(whom或whose),that;先行词表示
5.that指人或事物,指代事、物的时候更多
“事、物”时,其关联词选用which或that:先行
一些,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。例如:
词表示“时间”时,其关联词选用when:先行词
What is the name of the boy that you've
表示“地点”时,其关联词选用where:先行词
just talked about'?你刚才谈到的那个男孩叫
表示“原因”时,其关联词选用why。
什么名字?
例题评析
He is the finest colleague that I have ever
worked with.他是和我共事过的最好的同事。
1.(2023·湖北十還·中考真题)1wil1
当定语从句所修饰的是不定代词all,
remember the important people
anything,everything,nothing,little等时;当
helped and supported me in my life.
定语从句所修饰的名词前面有序数词、形容词
A.which
B.whose
的最高级或only,last等词作定语时:通常只
C.whom
D.who
用that,that也可省略。例如:
【答案解析】D此题考查定语从句。句意
That is the only English-Chinese
为:我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的
dictionary(that)I have.那是我唯一的一本英
重要的人。which哪一个;whose谁的;
语词典。
whom谁;who谁。分析句子结构可知,此
That is all(that)I know.我所知道的就那
处是定语从句,先行词people是指人,在从
些。
句中作主语,用关系词who引导定语从句,
It is the best book that)I have ever
故选D。
read.它是我读过的最好的书。
2.(2023·辽宁营口·中考真题)The
6.when指时间,在定语从句中作状语。
Aerospace Square
was completed
例如:
last year
has
become a new tourist
Morning is the best time when we practice
attraction.
reading aloud..早晨是我们练朗读的最好时间。
A.which
B.who
He was very happy on the day when he
C.whom
D.where
entered the university.他进大学的那天非常高兴。
【答案解析】A此题考查定语从句。句意
7.where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。
为:去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅
例如:
游景点。分析句子可知,“.was completed
This is the company where he used to
last year'”是作定语修饰The Aerospace
work.这就是他曾经工作过的公司。
Square,所以是定语从句,先行词是物,空处
The hotel where we stayed wasn't clean.
在句中作主语,所以用关系词which引导。
我们住过的那个旅馆不干净。
故选A。
8.why指原因,在定语从句中作状语。
3.(2023·甘肃天水·天水市逸夫实验中学校
例如:
考模拟预测)I still remember the time
We don't know the reason why he didn't
we spent together at Xisai
show up.我们不知道他为什么没有出席
Mountain last year.
综上所述,定语从句的关联词的选用,由先
A.when
B.what
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初中学业水平考试总复习·英语川
C.who
D.which
which指物。从句“we spent together at
【答案解析】D此题考查关系代词。句意
Xisai Mountain last year'”缺少宾语,且先行
为:我仍然记得去年我们在西塞山一起度过
词time是物,which引导定语从句,指物,且
的时光。when指时间,在定语从句中作时间
可以在从句中作宾语。故选D。
状语:what不能引导定语从句;who指人:
课时训练
【基础练习】
一、填空题。
1.There are no hospitals.
they are ill,people have to get medicine from plants.
2.She can put it anywhere in the house
it is small and doesn't take up much room.
3.There is less rain in the southern part than in the northern part,
the south is drier.
4.
(people around the world may enjoy doing some similar things in their free
time,their interests are changing.
5.-Lucy,you can come to me for help
you get into trouble in your study at school.
-Thanks,David.You are always helpful.
二、翻译句子。
1.This is the most interesting book
(我所看过的)this year.
2.-Do you know the girl
(经常交谈)with our English teacher?
-Yes.Her name is Helen.
3.A11
(他们所做的)is good for us.
4.Those
(想学习英语的)during the summer holidays please
stand up.
5.Please pass me the book
(封面是绿色的).
三、选择填空。
1.(2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题)一Sarah,do you know
It's on April 23.
A.what is World Book Day
B.what World Book Day is
C.when is World Book Day
D.when World Book Day is
2.(2022·湖北荆州·中考真题)一I am worried
I can enter a good high school or not.
-Work hard and trust in yourself.
A.why
B.what
C.whether
D.Where
3.-David wants to know if
a picnic tomorrow.
-Yes,but if it
we'll visit the museum instead.
A.you have;will rain
B.you will have;will rain
C.will you;have rains
D.you will have;rains
4.Peter said that his daughter
from university the next June.
A.had graduated
B.graduated
216
地第四部分句法知识
C.would graduate
D.will graduate
5.(2021·四川甘孜·中考真题)一Mike,I wonder
we'll go this weekend.
-To the museum.
A.when
B.why
C.how
D.where
6.(2023·四川遂宁·中考真题)Miss Xiang is a great teacher
always makes her classes
lively and fascinating.
A.which
B.who
C.what
D.whom
7.Sitting after a walk is relaxing.But do you dare to sit on a seat
tells you your weight?
A.what
B.where
C.who
D.that
8.Learning English is not hard in itself.The attitude
you bring to it helps make it
easier.
A.what
B.who
C.which
D.why
9.The man
shirt is white is my Chinese teacher.
A.that
B.who
C.which
D.whose
l0.(2022·广西·中考真题)Mr.Zhao has given much money to Project Hope
he is not
so rich.
A.if
B.though
C.because
D.unless
11.(2022·河北·中考真题)
you can use your dictionary,you will learn English better.
A.If
B.Unless
C.Though
D.Before
12.Our team won't win the match
every member works together.
A.when
B.as
C.unless
D.although
13.Tina keeps the good habit of checking her test paper
she finishes it.
A.as if
B.in order that
C.now that
D.as soon as
14.You won't have the chance to succeed when you
A.gave up
B.give up
C.will give up
D.are giving up
15.They were playing soccer on the playground
the storm came.
A.as soon as
B.as long as
C.when
D.while
【提升练习】
一、完成句子。依据句意,在横线上填出相应的词。
1.So I kept asking Harry if I could go,too
(直到)he agreed at last!
2.He wanted to help his mother
she could not always get enough money to buy food for
their family.
3.It is
beautiful that it attracts 100,000 people every week.
4.Scientists and doctors will never give up doing research
they find the truth of the
disease in the end.
5.You are great.
you
he is going to be the team leader.It's too difficult to
make a choice.
217
。初中学业水平考试总复习·英语
二,将直接引语变成间接引语。
1.He says,"I am not from the USA."
2.Mr Smith said to his girl friend,"I haven't seen you for a long time.
3.Lin Tao said to Miss Green,"Is it made in China?"
4.Lucy said to me,“How can I help?”
5.He said to the little boy,"Come here,young man!"
三、合成句子。
1.The horse took the first place.The horse's legs were hurt.
2.I lost the books.Mr Li asked me to buy the books for him yesterday.
3.The house faces south.The house's windows are broken.
4.I still remember the day.My best friend came to visit me that day.
5.I like the movie very much.The music of the movie is played by Tan Dun.
四、选择填空。
1.(2022·湖北武汉·中考真题)-Can you tell me
-To get practical skills.
A.what do you learn about safety
B.when do you have the art festival
C.how you balance your studies and hobbies D.why you learn cooking at school
2.(2023·黄石市·中考真题)一Could you tell me
-About an hour's drive.
A.how long it takes to get to Yangxin
B.how long does it take to get to Yangxin
C.how far is it from Huangshi to Yangxin
D.how far it is from Huangshi to Yangxin
3.The headmaster said all the students
already
learning online for two
months.
A.were;keeping
B.were:kept
C.have;kept
D.had:kept
4.-The light in Jack's room is still on.Do you know
-In order to get good grades in the coming exam.
A.why does he work hard
B.why he stays up so late
218
《第四部分句法知识
C.why is he so busy
D.when he will stop working
5.(2022·江苏连云港·中考真题)一Could you please tell me
2
-You can take No.2 Bus.
A.when was the nearest hospital built
B.how can I get to the nearest hospital
C.when the nearest hospital was built
D.how I can get to the nearest hospital
6.(2o21·云南·中考真题)Yuan Longping is a great scientist
was honored as“The
Father of Hybrid Rice".
A.when
B.who
C.which
D.whose
7.Mr.Green encouraged me to go to a
because singing was my favorite.
A.club that taught different songs
B.movie that talked about a great violinist
C.lesson that introduced the dance history
D.show that displayed ancient works of art
8.The app "MAYI"encourages people to give away the clothes
they don't need to the
p00r.
A.what
B.whom
C.who
D.that
9.The Huangguoshu Waterfall is a beautiful waterfall
lies in Guizhou Province.
A.who
B.what
C.which
D.whom
10.The 19th Asian Games
theme is Heart to Heart,Future will be held in
Hangzhou.
A.who
B.whose
C.which
D.where
Il.(2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)They did seem to get on well when they met,
they're very different.
A.since
B.though
C.while
D.because
12.-Has the meeting begun yet?
Not yet.We have to wait
everyone is here.
A.For
B.unless
C.until
D.as
13.Life is always full of beauty
you watch carefully.
A.unless
B.so that
C.even though
D.as long as
14.(2022·广西·中考真题)Idon't know if it
tomorrow,but if it
I'll stay at
home.
A.will rain;rains
B.will rain;will rain
C.rains;will rain
D.rains;rains
219中作主语,应用who。故填who.
:句意可知要填“当你遇到困难时”。故填when
四、短文综合填空。
二、翻译句子。
1.provides 解析:此题考查动词的用法,注意
1. that I have read
1解析:本题考查定语从句。
主谓一致。“一项新研究提供了答案”。
句意:这是我今年看过的最有趣的书。故填thatl
2. thought 解析:此题考查名词的用法。主语:have read。
从句,从句内容是研究者的一个想法。
2. who/that often talks
解析:本题考查定语
3.running 解析:此题考查动词的用法。“从;从句。句意:一你认识那个经常和我们英语老师一
树上流下来的水”
起交谈的女孩吗?一是的。她叫海伦。故填who
4.watch 解析:此题考查动词的用法。“野外:oftentalks。
观察考拉”
3. that they have done
解析:本题考查定语从
5. active
解析:此题考查形容词的用法。考拉:
句。句意:他们所做的一切都是对我们好的。故填
晚上很活跃。
that they have done。
解析:此题考查副词的用法。一
4. who want to learn/study English
6. normally
解析:本
只成年考拉正常情况下一天吃0.5千克至0.8千克:题考查定语从句。句意:想在暑假期间学英语的请
的树叶。
站起来。故填who want to learn/studyEnglish。
7. life
解析:此题考查名词的用法。“在树上
5. whose cover is green
解析:本题考查定语
度过98%的生命。”
从句。句意:请把封面是绿色的那本书传给我。故
8.discover 解析:此题考查动词的用法。
填whose cover is green。
9.local 解析:此题考查形容词的用法。“在当
三,选择填空。
地的语言中”。
1.D 解析:此题考查when引导的宾语从句。
10. environment
解析:此题考查名词的用法。:
句意:一萨拉,你知道世界读书日是在什么时候
“考拉的生存环境变糟糕”
吗?一在4月23目,宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故
第五章 复合句
排除A、C。what WorldBookDay is什么是世界读
【基础练习】
书日;whenWorldBookDay is世界读书日是在什
一、填空题。
么时候。根据答句“IrsonApril23.”可知此处应是
1.WhenIf解析:本题考查连词。句意:那里;when引导的宾语从句,询问时间。故选D
没有医院。如果他们生病了,人们不得不从植物中
2.C 解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意:一我担
获取药物。When引导时间状语从句,If引导条件:心能否进入好高中。一努力学习,相信自己。根据
状语从句,两者都可。故填When/If
“Workhard and trust in yourself."可知,我担心我
2.because/as/since 解析:本题考查连词。句:能否进入一所好的高中。故选C。
意:她可以把它放在家里的任何地方,因为它很小,!
3.D 解析:本题考查宾语从句和条件状语从
不占太多空间。根据前后分句的意思可知,两个分:句。句意:一大卫想知道你明天是否要野餐。一是
句存在因果关系,前一个分句表结果,后一个分句阐;的,但如果下雨,我们就去博物馆。第一个if引导的
述原因。故填because/as/since。
是宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句为任意时态
3.so解析:本题考查连词。句意:南方的雨水;此处从句有“tomorrow”,使用一般将来时,结构为
比北方更少,所以南方更干早。前后句为因果关;willdo,使用陈述句语序;第二个if引导的是条件状
系。故填so。
语从句,根据“主将从现”原则,从句使用一般现在
4. Although/Though
解析:本题考查连词。:
时,主语为it,使用动词第三人称单数。故选D。
句意:虽然世界各地的人可能喜欢在空闲时间做一
4.C 解析:本题考查宾语从句的时态变化。
些类似的事情,但他们的兴趣正在改变。此处引导;句意:彼得说他的女儿将于明年六月大学毕业。根
让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。
:据“Peter saidthat”可知,主句是一般过去时,宾语从
5.when 解析:本题考查连词。句意:一露西,:句要用过去的某种时态,结合“thenextJune”可知
当你在学校学习遇到困难时,你可以来找我帮;此处应用过去将来时。故选C
忙。一谢谢你,戴维。你总是那么乐于助人。根据:
5.D 解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意:一迈
280
克,我想知道我们这个周末去哪里。一去博物馆。!从句的时态。句意:当你放弃的时候,你就没有成功
根据“To the museum.”可知,此处询问这个周末我:的机会。根据“Youwon't havethe chanceto
们去哪里,用疑问词where。故选D.
succeedwhenyou...”可知,此处含when引导的时
6.B 解析:此题考查who引导的限制性定语从:间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则。故选B。
句。句意:向老师是一位优秀的老师,她总是使她的
15.C 解析:本题考查时间状语从句。句意:
课生动有趣。which(......的)那个;who谁;what什:暴风雨来临时,他们正在操场上踢足球。根据题干
么;whom谁,who的宾格。分析句子结构,这是一个:从句“thestormcame”可知,谓语动词是短暂性动
包含定语从句的复合句,先行词为agreatteacher,因:词,结合句意,应用when引导时间状语从句。故
此空白处应填入指人的关系代词,在定语从句中作主;选C。
语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B
【提升练习】
7.D 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:散步后
一、完成句子。
坐着是一种放松。但是你敢坐在一个显示你体重的
1. till/until
解析:句意:因此我不停地问
座位上吗?这个定语从句的先行词“aseat”指物,且:Harry我是否也能去--直到他最后同意了!设空
在从句中作主语,用that引导。故选D。
处引导时间状语从句,意为“直到......为止”。故填
8.C 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:学习英:till.until。
语本身并不难。你对它的态度有助于使它更容易。
2. beeause:as/since
解析:句意:他想帮助他
定语从句的先行词是物“theattitude”,关系词在从:妈妈,因为她不总是能赚到足够的钱给家人买食
句中作bring的宾语,用which引导定语从句。故选:物。前后的两个分句是因果关系,后面的分句是原
C。
!因。故填because/as/since。
9.D 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:穿白色
3.so 解析:句意:它太美了,以致每周吸引了
衬衫的那个人是我的语文老师。根据“Theman..
十万人..so... that...意为“如此....以致.....”.故
shirt is white ismyChinese teacher.”可知,这里先 :填so。
行词“theman”是人,关系词在从句中作定语,用
4.unless 解析:句意:科学家和医生永远不会
whose引导。故选D
放弃研究,除非他们最终找到疾病的真相。本题用
10.B 解析:本题考查从属连词辨析,句意:赵;unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”。故填
先生给希望工程捐了很多钱,虽然他不是很富有。,unless。
前后句之间表达的是一种相反的让步关系,因此用
5. Either: or
解析:句意:你们都很优秀。你
though引导让步状语从句。故选B
或者他将会成为团队的领导。做出选择很难。根据
11.A 解析:本题考查从属连词辨析。句意::下文可知“你或者他将会成为团队的领导”,故填
如果你能使用词典,你会学英语学得更好。根据“.:
Either; or。
you can use your dictionary, you will learn English
二、将直接引语变成间接引语。
better.”及选项可知,此处应用if引导条件状语从
1. He says that he is not from the USA
句,故选A。
2. Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had
12.C 解析:本题考查连词辩析。句意:除非:not seenher fora longtime.
每个队员都齐心协力,否则我们队不会赢得这场比
3. Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in
赛。根据“every member works together”可知,每个China.
成员都齐心协力是赢得比赛的条件,应该用unless
4. Lucy asked me how she could help.
引导条件状语从句。故选C。
5. He asked the little boy to go there.
13.D解析:本题考查连词辨析。句意:娜
三、合成句子。
保持着一做完试卷就检查的好习惯。根据
1. The horse whose legs were hurt took the
“checking her test paper she finishes it"可知,一:first place.
做完试卷就检查,assoonas意为“一......就”。故
2. I lost the books that/ which Mr Li asked me
选D
to buy for him yesterday.
14.B
解析:本题考查时间状语从句时间状语:
3. The house whose windows are broken faces
281
south.
8.D 解析:本题考查定语从句关系词。句意:
4. Istillremember the daywhenmybest friend:这款名为“MAYI”的应用鼓励人们把自己不需要的
came to visit me.
衣服送给穷人。根据“the clothes... they don't need"
5. I like the movie very much whose music is
可知,此处是定语从句,先行词“theclothes”指物,且
played by Tan Dun.
在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。故选D。
四、选择填空。
9.C 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:黄果树
1.D 解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意:一你能:瀑布是一个美丽的瀑布,位于贵州省。先行词是
告诉我你为什么在学校学高任吗?一为了获得实用,waterfall,空格上需填一个代替先行词且在从句中
技能。tell后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句:作主语的关系代词。故选C.
用陈述句语序,再由“Togetpracticalskills”可知,此
10.B 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:以“心
处询问做某事的原因,用why引导宾语从句。故;连心,向未来”为主题的第19届亚运会将在杭州举
选D。
行。此空的关系代词修饰后面的名词theme作定
2.D 解析:此题考查宾语从句和连接词。句;语,因此用whose。故选B。
意:一你能告诉我从黄石到养心有多远吗?一大约
11.B 解析:此题考查词义辨析。句意:他们见
一个小时的车程。空处位于tell之后,所以是宾语:面时似乎相处得很好,尽管他们很不一样。since因
从句,用陈述句语序,排除B、C(疑问语序);how;为,自......以来;though虽然,尽管;while当......的
long多长时间;how far多远;结合“About an hour's:时候;because因为。根据“They did seemto get on
drive.”可知,是询问距离,所以用howfar 故选D.:well when theymet,..they're very different.”可
3.D 解析:本题考查宾语从句的时态。句意::知,后句表示让步条件。故选B。
校长说所有的学生已经在网上学习了两个月。根据:
12.C 解析:本题考查连词辨析。句意:一会
句中“fortwomonths”提示,从句应用完成时。主句:议已经开始了吗?一还没有。我们必须要等到大家
“said”说明时态为一般过去时,故从句应用过去完 都到齐了。根据“Wehave towait.. everyone is
成时。故选D.
here.”可知,此处指我们得等到大家都到了,应用
4.B 解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意:一杰克until连接。故选C。
房间的灯还亮着。你知道他为什么熬夜这么晚
13.D解析:本题考查连词辨析。句意:只要
吗?一为了在即将到来的考试中取得好成绩。宾语;你仔细观察,生活总是充满美的。前后两句是假设
从句用陈述句语序:连接词十主语十谓语。根据:的条件关系,表示“只要....就会.....”.应用as
“In order to get good grades in the coming exam.”:long as引导条件状语从句。故选D。
可知,此处是表示目的,所以问句应是询问原因。故
14.A 解析:本题考查if条件句和宾语从句
选B。
句意:我不知道明天会不会下雨,但如果下雨,我会
5.D 解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意:一你能:待在家里。前半个句子中包含一个由if引导的宾语
告诉我怎么去最近的医院吗?一你可以坐2路公共!从句,根据时间标志词”tomorrow”可知,要用一般
汽车。宾语从句用陈述句语序;根据“Youcantake:将来时;后半句子包含由if引导的条件状语从句,此
No. 2Bus.”可知,此处询问交通方式,用how引导;时根据“主将从现”的原则,从句要用一般现在时,主
宾语从句。故选D
语是第三人称单数,动词应用单数形式。故选A。
6.B 解析:本题考查定语从句关系词。句意:
六章 主谓一致
袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家,被誉为“杂交水稻之
【基础练习】
父”。 题干中先行词“agreatscientist”指人,且在从
一,填空题。
句中作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选B
1. encourages
解析:句意:我们英语老师总是
7.A 解析:本题考查定语从句。句意:格林先;鼓励我们每天做一些阅读。根据“everyday”可知句
生鼓励我去一个教不同歌曲的俱乐部,因为唱歌是;子时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,所以谓
我最喜欢的。根据“because singing was my 语动词用单数形式。故填encourages。
favorite”可知,因为喜欢唱歌,所以应该去教不同歌
2.reaches 解析:句意:一你什么时候会和老
曲的俱乐部。故选A。
:师分享你的快乐?一她一到教室。assoonas引导
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