专题04 动词时态和语态（考点精讲）- 【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（江西专用）

专题04 动词时态和语态 考点精讲 考点一：时态的分类和构成 现在时 一般现在时do/ does 现在完成时have/has done 现在进行时am/ is/ are doing 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 过去时 一般过去时did 过去完成时had done 过去进行时was/were doing 过去完成进行时had been doing 将来时 一般将来时will/ shall do 将来完成时will/shall have done 将来进行时shall/ will be doing 将来完成进行时shall/ will have been doing 过去将来 一般过去将来时should/ would do 考点二：被动语态的各种形式 be+done 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的完全一样。 1. 一般现在时："am/ is/ are + 过去分词"Mary is loved by all her family. 2. 一般过去时："was/ were + 过去分词"The letter was written in Spanish. 。 3. 一般将来时："will/ shall/ be going to/ be to be+ 过去分词"（shall主要用于第一人称；will可用于各人称） When will the work be finished? 4. 现在进行时："am/ is/ are being + 过去分词"The car accident is being looked into. 5. 过去进行时："was/ were being + 过去分词"The library was being built last year. I'm not sure if it is completed. 6. 现在完成时："have/ has been + 过去分词"All the work has been finished by now.。 7. 过去完成时："had been + 过去分词"The fire had been put out when the firefighters arrived. 8. 将来完成时："will/ shall have been + 过去分词"Will all the photos have been developed by tomorrow? 9. 过去将来时："would/ should be + 过去分词"The headmaster said he would be met by the mayor. 考点三：主动形式表示被动意义 1. 某些连系动词，如look, feel, sound, taste, smell, appear, seem, prove等，可用主动形式表示被动意义。 The trip to the beautiful island this summer sounds really exciting. 。 2. 有一类经常用作及物动词的词，如burn, wash, wear, close, read, write, sell, open, lock,shut,clean, draw, cut, translate等, 用于强调事物本身的特点、特征、性能等，常用主动形式表被动含义。（to blame, to let等也用主动形式表被动含义） The pen writes smoothly. 3. be worth后常接动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting. 4. need, want, require, deserve等动词后用动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 （句中主语是动名词意义上的宾语。若动名词是不及物的，其后应加相应的介词。 Most house plants require regular watering. 5. 有些形容词后接不定式作状语时，常用主动形式表被动意义。此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, cheap, expensive, fit, nice, good, funny, exciting,light, heavy, dangerous, comfortable,delicious等.若不定式动词是不及物的，其后要加相应多的介词。 The man is difficult to deal with. 6. 有些介词短语作表语，其主动形式含有被动意义。 under construction 在施工中   beyond belief 令人难以置信 beyond one's reach 鞭长莫及   beyond one's control 失控 beyond our hope 我们始料不及   for sale 出售for rent 出租  in print 在印刷中 1.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____. A. is being rebuilt     B. has been rebuilt      C. is rebuilt      D. has rebuilt 2.—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?    —I’m sorry, but by then I______ to Beijing.How about five? A. fly        B. will fly   C. will be flying    D. am flying 3. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold. A. gets                  B.has got              C. will get                D.is getting 4.The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. A. has told   B. is telling    C. has been telling   D. will have told 5.---Did you ask Sophia for help? ---I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own. A. wouldn’t   B. don’t  C. didn’t    D. won’t 6.Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____   that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. A. had abandoned   B. abandoned       C.abandon   D. will abandon[ 7.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________. A. has started       B. starts   C.started      D. will start 8.. —Could I use your car tomorrow morning? —Sure. I ______ a report at home. A. will be writing        B. will have written C. have written           D. have been writing 9. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _____ it for a very long time. A. has had    B. had had    C.has    D. had 10.At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke              B. do they actually break C. did they actually break  D. they had actually broken 【答案】 1.A【解析】句意为：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。 2.C【解析】根据问句中的two o’clock和应答句中的by then可知所填词表示的动作在当时正在进行，用将来进行时，选C。 3. C【解析】by the time 后接现在时，表示将来之前发生的动作，故用将来时。 4.C【解析】现在完成进行时表示：过去某一动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，现在刚刚结束或还在进行。句意：经理从早上9点开始就一直在不停的告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。根据句意选C。 5.C【解析】句意：---（过去）你向Sophia寻求帮助了吗？---我没有必要向她求助。我自己就很完美的处理了。对话的内容谈论的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。 6.B【解析】根据but提示，是并列句，故前后时态一致。与had intended相呼应，可知此空应在表示过去时的范围选择，由此排除C、D选项。且abandon动作只是陈述了过去所发生的一件事而已，没有在intend之前，故排除A选项（过去的过去），由此可知答案B符合文意。一般过去时表示对过去所发生的一件事情的简单陈述而已。 7.C【解析】句意为：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。根据句意，总统开始上任是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故选C项。 【易错分析】考生容易根据when he quits而误选B项。事实上when he quits中的quits是用了一般现在时来代替一般将来时。 8.A【解析】本题考查动词时态。解题关键：对话双方谈论同一话题，自然时间一致，时态也相互关联。本题中关键时间状语为tomorrow morning，所以回答时用将来进行时，表示“明天上午我将在家写报告”，用将来进行时。所以选A。 9.B【解析】本题考查动词时态。A是现在完成时，B是过去完成时，C是一般现在时，D是一般过去时。根据本题中已知时态was和sold可知，讲的是发生在过去的事情，所以排除A，C。再根据时间状语for a very long time，可知要用完成时。而买吉他是在最终卖掉吉他之前，很明显是“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。故选B。 10. C【解析】本题考查动词时态和部分倒装用法。当否定词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。at no time意为“绝不，在任何时候都不”，置于句首用部分倒装，故排除A，D。再根据已知时态was，可知讲的是过去的情况，所以选择C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 动词时态和语态 考点精讲 考点一：时态的分类和构成 现在时 一般现在时do/ does 现在完成时have/has done 现在进行时am/ is/ are doing 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 过去时 一般过去时did 过去完成时had done 过去进行时was/were doing 过去完成进行时had been doing 将来时 一般将来时will/ shall do 将来完成时will/shall have done 将来进行时shall/ will be doing 将来完成进行时shall/ will have been doing 过去将来 一般过去将来时should/ would do 考点二：被动语态的各种形式 be+done 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的完全一样。 1. 一般现在时："am/ is/ are + 过去分词"Mary is loved by all her family. 2. 一般过去时："was/ were + 过去分词"The letter was written in Spanish. 。 3. 一般将来时："will/ shall/ be going to/ be to be+ 过去分词"（shall主要用于第一人称；will可用于各人称） When will the work be finished? 4. 现在进行时："am/ is/ are being + 过去分词"The car accident is being looked into. 5. 过去进行时："was/ were being + 过去分词"The library was being built last year. I'm not sure if it is completed. 6. 现在完成时："have/ has been + 过去分词"All the work has been finished by now.。 7. 过去完成时："had been + 过去分词"The fire had been put out when the firefighters arrived. 8. 将来完成时："will/ shall have been + 过去分词"Will all the photos have been developed by tomorrow? 9. 过去将来时："would/ should be + 过去分词"The headmaster said he would be met by the mayor. 考点三：主动形式表示被动意义 1. 某些连系动词，如look, feel, sound, taste, smell, appear, seem, prove等，可用主动形式表示被动意义。 The trip to the beautiful island this summer sounds really exciting. 。 2. 有一类经常用作及物动词的词，如burn, wash, wear, close, read, write, sell, open, lock,shut,clean, draw, cut, translate等, 用于强调事物本身的特点、特征、性能等，常用主动形式表被动含义。（to blame, to let等也用主动形式表被动含义） The pen writes smoothly. 3. be worth后常接动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting. 4. need, want, require, deserve等动词后用动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 （句中主语是动名词意义上的宾语。若动名词是不及物的，其后应加相应的介词。 Most house plants require regular watering. 5. 有些形容词后接不定式作状语时，常用主动形式表被动意义。此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, cheap, expensive, fit, nice, good, funny, exciting,light, heavy, dangerous, comfortable,delicious等.若不定式动词是不及物的，其后要加相应多的介词。 The man is difficult to deal with. 6. 有些介词短语作表语，其主动形式含有被动意义。 under construction 在施工中   beyond belief 令人难以置信 beyond one's reach 鞭长莫及   beyond one's control 失控 beyond our hope 我们始料不及   for sale 出售for rent 出租  in print 在印刷中 1.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____. A. is being rebuilt     B. has been rebuilt      C. is rebuilt      D. has rebuilt 2.—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?    —I’m sorry, but by then I______ to Beijing.How about five? A. fly        B. will fly   C. will be flying    D. am flying 3. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold. A. gets                  B.has got              C. will get                D.is getting 4.The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. A. has told   B. is telling    C. has been telling   D. will have told 5.---Did you ask Sophia for help? ---I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own. A. wouldn’t   B. don’t  C. didn’t    D. won’t 6.Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____   that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. A. had abandoned   B. abandoned       C.abandon   D. will abandon[ 7.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________. A. has started       B. starts   C.started      D. will start 8.. —Could I use your car tomorrow morning? —Sure. I ______ a report at home. A. will be writing        B. will have written C. have written           D. have been writing 9. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _____ it for a very long time. A. has had    B. had had    C.has    D. had 10.At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke              B. do they actually break C. did they actually break  D. they had actually broken 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$