Module 4 Unit 1 知识点课件 2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语上册

M4u1 知识讲解 两者比较用形容词或副词的比较级，当我们要将三个或以上 的事物进行比较时，要用它们的最高级。例如： 1. Lingling’s home is the closest to school. 玲玲家离学校最近。（形容词的最高级前要用the） 2. It is the most comfortable way but it’s the most expensive. 这是最舒适的方式，同时也是最贵的方式。 3. Tony lives farthest from school. 托尼住得离学校最远。（副词的最高级前可以不用the） 4. Of all the students in my class, Macy writes most carefully. 班上所有的学生中，梅西写得最仔细。 形容词、副词的最高级 知识讲解 注意：在表示“A比B……”时，我们用A is …than B， 但最高级表达的是三个及三个以上的事物的比较状况， 所以后面通常用in/of/among…来表示比较的范围。例如： Tom is the tallest in our class. Tony lives the closest to school of all my classmates. 知识讲解 close→closest cheap→cheapest dangerous→most dangerous comfortable→most comfortable good/well→best far→farthest big→biggest hot→hottest heavy→heaviest easy→easiest fast→fastest safe→safest Grammar 小组讨论一下，看你们能总结出最高级的构成形式吗？ 知识讲解 最高级的规则变化 单音节和少数双音节单词 一般在词尾加-est fast, old, tall, short fastest, oldest, tallest, shortest 以字母e结尾的词直接加-st 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写该字母,再加-est hot, thin, big hottest, thinnest, biggest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,把y变成i再加-est early, easy, busy earliest, easiest, busiest latest, finest, nicest, largest late, fine, nice, large 构成方法 原 级 最高级 知识讲解 构成方法 原 级 最高级 多数双音节和多音节单词 在单词前加most careful, popular, beautiful, slowly, quickly most careful, most popular, most beautiful, most slowly, most quickly 最高级的规则变化 知识讲解 最高级的不规则变化 原级 最高级 good/well best bad/ill, badly worst many/much most little least far farthest/furthest 没有规律，需要记忆！ 知识讲解 写出下列单词的最高级形式： 1. short → _________________ 2. nice → _________________ 3. big → _________________ 4. thin → _________________ 5. early → _________________ 6. slowly → _________________ shortest nicest biggest thinnest earliest most slowly 知识讲解 7. beautiful → _________________ 8. carefully → _________________ 9. badly → _________________ 10. much → _________________ 11. little → _________________ 12. far → __________________ the most beautiful most carefully worst most least farthest / furthest 知识讲解 1. But nobody was late, except me. （1）except“除……之外”，后面可接名词、代词、v.-ing形式、副词、介词短语和从句等。 e.g. We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们每天有一堂英语课。 （星期天不上）（2）besides“除…外，另外还有”，着重“另外还有” e.g. Besides English, he has to study German. 除了英语，他还要学德语。（学英语） 知识讲解 （3）except for也表示“除……以外”，指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正。 e.g. I can answer all the questions except for the last one. 除了最后一题外，所有题目我都可以解答。 知识讲解 2. Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 或许我应该乘出租车上学。 (1) maybe “或许；可能” 相当于perhaps，常位于句首。 Maybe she’ll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。 maybe 副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语，常用于句首 may be“情态动词+be动词”结构，意为“可能是”，在句中作谓语，只用于句中 知识讲解 (2) by taxi “乘坐出租车”。 by+交通工具表示“乘……， 坐……”。 1. 骑自行车 ride to … = go to … by bike/on a bike 2. 乘公共汽车 go to … by bus/on a bus = take/catch a bus 3. 坐汽车 drive to …= go to … by car/in a car 4. 乘火车 go to … by train/on a train=take/catch a train 5. 乘轮船 by ship/sea 6. 乘飞机 fly to …=go to … by plane/air/on a plane 7. 乘地铁 take the underground = go to ... by subway 表达出行方式 知识讲解 by ＋ 交通工具 ＝ _____ a/ an ＋交通工具（两轮） by ＋ 交通工具 ＝ _____ a/ an ＋交通工具 walk＝ _____________ Tips: ride take on foot 知识讲解 3. You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. 你可以骑自行车去学校，但要记着时刻小心。 remember常用两种结构，注意区分： remember doing sth 记得做过…… remember to do sth 记住要做…… Remember to invite Tom to your birthday party. 记住邀请汤姆参加你的生日聚会。 I remember seeing him once. 我记得见过他一次。 知识讲解 all the time 一直，经常，始终 It’s a really useful book-I use it all the time. 这真是一本很有用的书，我一直在用它。 It happens all the time. 这种事情经常发生。 形容词及副词的不规则变化： 1. good / well ---- ---- 2. many / much ---- ---- 3. ill / bad / badly ---- ---- 4. far ---- ---- 5. little ---- ---- best better more most worse worst farther further farthest furthest less least Exercise Exercise 1, The street is _________(busy) street in Shanghai. 2, Father is _______(old). He’s _______(old) than Mother. He’s __________(old) in my family. 3, Shanghai is _____________(big) city in China. 4, Which is _________(small), the sun, the earth and the moon? 5, Tom is _________(tall) than Mike, Mike is _______(tall) than Bill. Bill is ____________(short). Tom is _________(tall). 6, English is _________________(beautiful) of all the landuages. 7, Jim run ______(fast) in his class. the busiest fastest old older the oldest the biggest the smallest taller taller the shortest the tallest the most beautiful Exercise 一、单项选择 1. —Who ran ______ of all in the sports meeting? —Hector did, I think. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. most fast 2. The bank is next to the post office. The underlined part “next to” means ______. A. in front of B. behind B. far from D. close to 3. —The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let’s take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit Exercise 4. —You can take ______ subway to the museum. —No, I will go there by ______ bike. A. /; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; a 5. —The girls are talking about the art festival _____. —Yes. They have so many fun things to share. A. easily B. angrily C. sadly D. happily 6. —Our school bus will leave at 8 o’clock tomorrow. Don’t be late. —OK. I will be there ten minutes ________. A. sooner B. slower C. faster D. earlier 7. Debbie is growing fast. She is even ________ than her mother. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 8. — Dad, would you please drive ______? — No hurry. We have enough time before the plane takes off. A. faster B. more slowly C. more carefully 9. — Do you know Lin Shuhao? —Yes. He is one of _____ basketball players in the NBA. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular 10. —Which country is your favorite, Lin Tao? —France, of course. It’s the _______ place that I want to visit. A. worst B. better C. best 11. Is Lily’s home _____ away from school than Linda’s? A. far B. farther C. farthest 12. —Who ran ______ of all in the sports meeting? —Hector did, I think. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. most fast 13. Li Na is ______ tennis player in China now. A. most famous B. the most famous C. more famous Exercise 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tony lives ___________ ( far) from school in his class. 2. Going by bus is the ____ ( good) way to get to school. 3. I think going by bike is ____________________ (dangerous) way of all. 4. Daming has the ______ (fast) journey by bicycle. the most dangerous fastest the farthest best Exercise 三、句型转换 1. He sometimes takes the train to go to Beijing. (改为同义句） He sometimes goes to Beijing ____ _____. 2. He often walks to school.（改为同义句） He often goes to school ____ ____. 3. Dad always goes to work by car.（对画线部分提问） _____ ______ dad always go to work? does by train on foot How Exercise 二、根据所学的句型结构翻译句子。 请记得带上礼物。 ___________________________________ 2. 他对现代艺术很感兴趣。 ___________________________________ 3. 练习是学习英语最好的方法。 ___________________________________ Please remember to take the present. He is interested in modern art. Practice is the best way to learn English. Exercise 1.他住得离学校最远。 He lives _______ _______ the school. 2 乘车是去上学最好的方法。 Going by bus is ______ ______ _______ to get to school. 3 它是世界上最快的火车。 It’s ______ _________ train in the world. 4 Mike 有时候乘船回家度假。 _________ Mike ______ home _____ his holidays ______ ship. farthest from the best way the fastest Sometimes goes for by Exercise Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 $$