话题12 规章制度-【精彩三年】2024年中考英语书面表达配套word（外研版）

　规章制度 描述规则 don't do sth.不要做某事　be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事　be supposed/expected to do sth.应该/被期望做某事 can/should/have to/must do sth.可以/应该/不得不/必须做某事　on time准时　in the hallways在走廊里 in the dining hall在餐厅里　listen to music听音乐　in class上课；在课堂上　a lot of许多；大量　music player音乐播放器　wear the school uniform穿校服　dream school梦想中的学校　be/keep quiet保持安静　arrive/be late for class上课迟到　go out外出(娱乐)　do the dishes清洗餐具　on school days在上学的日子　before dinner晚饭前　make one's bed铺床　in the kitchen在厨房里　be strict with sb.对某人要求严格　make rules制订规则　follow/obey the rules遵守规则　keep one's hair short留短发　learn to do sth.学习做某事　have fun玩得开心　Good luck！祝你好运！ 理解规则 (规则的好处) safety安全　community社区　chance机会；可能性　society社会　care about关心　instead of doing sth.代替做某事　be good for对……有益　be bad for对……有害　a fifteen­year­old boy一个15岁的男孩　talk back顶嘴　volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事　the importance of ．.. ……的重要性　make sure确保　keep ．.. away from远离……　get in the way of挡……的路；妨碍　stay up熬夜　be strict with sb. in sth. 在某方面对某人要求严格 改进规则 (规则的弊端) regret后悔　manage管理；经营　support支持　choose one's own clothes选择自己的衣服　make one's own decision自己做决定　be serious about对……认真/严肃　a part­time job一份兼职　eight hours' sleep八小时的睡眠　driver's/driving license驾照　a professional runner一个职业赛跑运动员 [描述规则] ·We can't arrive late for class or run in the hallways. We can eat in the dining hall and run on the playground. We can't eat in the classroom but we can eat in the dining hall. [用can/can't描述规则； 用or、and或but连接] ·Don't cross that rope! [用don't祈使句描述规则] ·Being__late is not allowed at school. [用动名词短语作主语描述规则] ·We must clean the classroom before we have dinner. [用must描述规则；用before引导时间状语从句] ·There certainly are a__lot__of__rules in this museum.[用a lot of修饰rules] ·Don't ride side by side with your friends.[用don't祈使句描述规则] 1．We can't listen to music in the classroom. We can't wear hats in the classroom. [用can't描述规则；用or连接] __We__can't__listen__to__music__or__wear__hats__in__the__classroom.__ 2．不要和你的同学打架。[用don't祈使句描述规则] __Don't__fight__with__your__classmates.__ 3．(学生)在学校里不允许吃零食。[用动名词短语作主语描述规则] __Eating__snacks__is__not__allowed__at__school.__ 4．进入图书馆后我们必须保持安静。[用after引导时间状语从句] __We__must__keep__quiet__after__we__enter__the__library.__ [理解规则] ·It__is__necessary/important/difficult__for__me__to__be a sports star. [用It is ＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do sth. 句型表达情感态度] ·Liu Yu wants to practise running every night so__that he will have a chance to be a professional sports star. [用so that 表示目的] ·What will happen if he doesn't end up being a professional runner? [用if引导条件状语从句] ·No shouting, please! It's against the rules.[用against表示“违反”] 5．这是一个让学生远离危险的好方法。[用It is ＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do sth. 句型表达情感态度] __It__is__a__good__way__to__keep__students__away__from__danger.__ 6．My parents want me to give up drawing. [用so that 扩写目的] __My__parents__want__me__to__give__up__drawing__so__that__I__can__focus__on__my__study.__ 7．如果青少年只学习感兴趣的东西，他们在未来将很难找到合适的工作。[用if引导条件状语从句] __If__teenagers__only__learn__what__interests__them,__it__will__be__hard__for__them__to__find__a__proper__job__in__the__future.__ [改进规则] ·Only__then__will__I__have the chance to achieve my dream. [用倒装句式强调态度] ·He needs to spend more time on schoolwork to__enter__a__good__university. [用不定式表目的] ·He is not allowed to train too much, which__may__prevent__him__from__achieving__his__dream. [用非限制性定语从句说明结果] 8．只有通过努力学习，我们才能找到真正热爱的东西。 [用倒装句式强调态度] __Only__by__working__hard__will__we__find__the__thing__we__are__truly__interested__in.__ 9．学生应该被允许自己来决定学习他们感兴趣的事物。 [用不定式表示目的] __Students__should__be__allowed__to__make__their__own__decisions__to__learn__what__they__are__interested__in.__ 10．这个男孩每天玩三个多小时的电脑游戏，这对他的眼睛有害。[用非限制性定语从句说明结果] __The__boy__plays__computer__games__over__three__hours__every__day,__which__is__harmful__to__his__eyes.__ [描述规则] There are too many rules! At 6 a．m., my mom says, “①__Get__up__(起床) now and ②__make__your__bed__(整理床铺)！” After breakfast, my mom always says, “Don't leave the ③__dirty__dishes__(脏餐具) in the kitchen！” After that, I run to school because I ④__can't__be__late__(不能迟到). At school, we have more rules—don't be noisy, don't eat in class，．.. My dad says I can't play basketball after school because I ⑤__must__do__my__homework__(必须要做作业). I can play only on weekends. After dinner, I can't relax either. I must read a book ⑥__before__I__can__watch__TV__(在我可以看电视之前). But I have to go to bed before 10：00. Rules, rules, rules! It's terrible! What can I do, Dr. Know? [理解规则] (1)①__I__know__how__you__feel__(我知道你的感受). People always tell us, “Don't do this！” or “You can't do that！” But think about it. There are a lot of things you can do. You can play basketball ②__on/at__weekends__(在周末). You can watch TV ③__after__you__read__a__book__(在你读完一本书之后). Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they ④ __make__rules__to__help__us__(制订规则来帮助我们). We have to follow them. (2)His parents won't allow him to train so much. “Of course we want to see him achieve his dreams，” says Mr. Liu. “And we know how much he loves running. My wife and I have supported every one of his races. We ①__have__nothing__against__running__(不反对跑步)! But we think our son needs to ②__think__about__(考虑) other possible jobs. He is getting older now, so he needs to think about what will happen if he doesn't ③__end__up__as__(最终成为) a professional runner.” [改进规则] Liu Yu doesn't really agree. “Well, I think I should be allowed to ①__decide__for__myself__(为自己做决定)，” he says. “My parents have always taught me ②__how__important__it__is__(它多么重要) to work hard at school and enter university. I understand this, but I'm ③__serious__about__ (对……是认真的) running. It's the only thing I've ever wanted to do.” His parents believe that Liu Yu should study hard in the evenings so they don't allow him to practise running at night. “Maybe he thinks it is too strict or unfair，” says Mrs. Liu. “But we think we are doing the right thing. He needs to ④__spend__more__time__on__(花费更多时间在……上) his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star.” But Liu Yu still disagrees. “I know my parents care about me. They always talk about ⑤__what__will__happen__(将会发生什么) if I don't succeed. But I will! I'm a quick runner! I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself. ⑥__Only__then__(只有到那个时候) will I have a chance to achieve my dream.” 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tony想了解中国家庭的家规。请你根据下表提示并结合你家的情况给他写一封回信，介绍你的家规和你对家规的看法。 主题 家规(family rules) 内容 具体家规 意义 学习要求 …… 作息要求 …… 卫生习惯 …… 娱乐要求 …… 与人相处 …… 对家规的看法 …… 注意：1.每项内容列举一条家规，请勿逐字翻译； 2．语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，可适当发挥； 3．文中不得出现你的真实姓名和校名等； 4．词数：80—100，文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tony， Thank you for your letter.As the saying goes, “Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards (没有规矩不成方圆).” So there are many rules in my family.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 思路与解析 第一步　审　　　　　　　　　　　　　第二步　列 　体裁：应用文(电子邮件) 时态：一般现在时 人称：以第一人称为主 内容要点：①家规内容；②对家规的看法 写作框架：总—分—总　　 高分范文 Dear Tony， Thank you for your letter. ①As__the__saying__goes，“Nothing__can__be__accomplished__without__norms__or__standards.”__So__there__are__many__rules__in__my__family． ②First,__I must finish my homework as soon as I arrive home from school every schoolday. ②Second,__I have to be in bed by ten o'clock every evening. ②Third,__③washing__my__hands__before dinner is a must. ③There__are__a__lot__of__bacteria__on__my__hands,__③which__may__do__harm__to__my__health. ②Fourth,__I can't go out with my friends on school nights and I am not allowed to play computer games at all. ②Besides，my parents always say, “③Don't__fight__with__others,__and get along well with your classmates.” Thanks to these rules, I have formed some good studying and life habits, ③which__makes__me__healthy. But ③I__don't__think__it__is__fair__for__me__not__to__play__computer__games. I think playing some computer games makes me feel relaxed. No matter what my family rules are, and whether I like them or not, they can help me grow up as a person. Yours， Li Hua 高分点评 ①本文运用了开门见山的写法，直奔主题。 ②文章要点齐全，First，Second，Third，Fourth和Besides的使用使得文章结构清晰，层次分明。 ③句式灵活多变，现在分词短语作主语、There be句型、祈使句、非限制性定语从句和否定前置等句型的使用，提升了文章的档次。 ④语言得体自然，符合电子邮件的文本特征。 假如你是阳光中学的李磊，你在学校网站上看到国际学生Stephen的求助信。请根据Stephen的求助信的内容，用英语给Stephen写一封80词左右的回信。 HELP NEEDED I'm Stephen, an international student from Britain.I would like to know how to borrow books from the school library. Should I bring my student's card with me? How long can I keep a book? I wonder if you can provide some tips on how to borrow books. Please email me at Stephen220@163.com. Thank you! Stephen 注意：1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称； 2．语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范。 思路与解析 第一步　审和列 1．审写作元素　　　　　　　　　2.列写作要点 　主题：__How__to__borrow__books__ 体裁：__应用文(电子邮件)__ 时态：__以一般现在时为主__ 人称：__以第一人称和第二人称为主__　　 第二步　扩和连 Opening：__I__am__writing__to__tell__you__how__to__borrow__books__from__the__school__library__．..__ Body：　First of all, remember to ．.. When you enter the library, show ．.. to a librarian. Then you can choose ．.. Finally, you have to ．.. It is important to note that you can ．.. And you will have to ．.. if you ．..　 Closing：__．..__Feel__free__to__email__me__if__you__have__any__other__questions.__ 第三步　查和抄 Dear Stephen， I am writing to tell you how to borrow books from the school library. And I'm glad to share some information with you. First of all, remember to bring your student's card. When__you__enter__the__library,__show__it__to__a__librarian. Then you can choose books you need. Finally, you have to show the books to a librarian before__you__take__them__away． It__is__important__to__note__that you can only borrow three books at a time and keep them for at most a month. And you will have to go back to the library to renew the books if__you__want__to__keep__them__longer． Hope my advice helps. Feel free to email me if you have any other questions.　 __Yours， __Li__Lei 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$