07 形容词与副词(考点精讲)-备战2025年(对口升学)英语一轮复习讲练测(湖南适用)

2024-07-09
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学段 中职
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 形容词、副词
使用场景 中职复习-一轮复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 湖南省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 449 KB
发布时间 2024-07-09
更新时间 2024-07-09
作者 学科立方·全学段资源库
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2024-07-09
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价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

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第07讲 形容词与副词 从近几年真题中对形容词、副词的考查来看,考点可分为以下三类: (1) 形容词、副词在具体语境中的正确使用。 (2) 形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法及固定搭配。 (3) 同义、近义和易混词辨析。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 一、定义与用法 1.形容词:用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词,在句中用作定语、表语、补语等。 This is a new house.John is a clever boy.(作定语,就是放在名词前面的成分。) The boy is clever.He is strong.(作表语,就是放在系动词后面的成分。) The room is found empty.(作补语,就是放在句子后面,起补充说明的成分。) (1)形容词修饰名词时放在前边,但修饰复合不定代词(something,someone,somebody;anything,anyone,anybody;nothing,no one,nobody)时,则放在这些词之后。如something important,anything possible。 (2)当几个形容词共同修饰同一名词时,它们的先后顺序是:限定词→描述性形容词→大小、长短、形状的形容词→年龄形容词→色彩形容词→表材料的形容词+被修饰的名词(口诀为“限观形龄色国材”,即“县官行令杀国才”) 1.“We must keep ______ in the library,” the woman said ______ to me. A.quiet;quietly   B.quietly;quietly C.quietly;quiet D.quiet;quiet 2.This kind of T­shirt looks ______ and sells ______. A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice 3.There was a ______talk between the two leaders last week. A.friend B.friendship C.friendly D.really 4.I can't get anything on TV.There must be ______with it. A.wrong something B.wrong nothing C.something wrong D.nothing wrong 5.None of the students watched the experiment ______, did they? A.careful enough B.carefully enough C.enough careful D.enough carefully 二、形容词的比较级和最高级 大多数形容词有比较级等级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级。原级即形容词的原形。比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1.规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数以ow,er结尾的双音节词,词尾加er,est strong clever narrow stronger cleverer narrower strongest cleverest narrowest 以不发音的e结尾,只加r和st nice large nicer larger nicest largest 以辅音字母+y结尾的,先改y为i,再加er,est healthy easy healthier easier healthiest easiest 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的词,先双写词尾的辅音,再加er,est hot big thin hotter bigger thinner hottest biggest thinnest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 interesting more interesting most interesting 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least few fewer fewest far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1.比较级 (1) “A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 表示“A比B更……”。 如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。 (2)“A+be+ less+原级形容词+than +B”表示“较……低,不及……”。 如:I am less young than he.我不如他年轻。 (3)比较级前用much,many,rather,far,any,still,even,a little,a bit,a lot,lots,a great deal等词修饰时,表比较的程度(不可用very修饰)。 如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.西瓜比苹果大得多。 (4)“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”。 如:It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 (5)在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,蒂姆还是汤姆? (6)“the +比较级, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。 如:The more money you make,the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。 The more you eat,the fatter you will become.你吃得越多就长得越胖。 (7)用于“the+比较级+of the two”之类的结构时,表示“两者中……较……”。 如:He is the shorter of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较矮的那个。 (8)“as+形容词(副词)原级+ as”虽然用的是形容词和副词的原级,但也有表比较的意思。 否定结构:not so (as)+形容词(副词)原级+as 如:Our garden is as beautiful as theirs.我们的花园和他们的一样漂亮。 Jane didn't write as/so carefully as her elder sister.简写得没有她姐姐仔细。 (9)“比较级+than + any other +单数名词/比较级+than +the other +复数名词”用来表示最高级的概念。 如:Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.麦克比班上其他任何人都聪明。/麦克是他班上最聪明的。 2.最高级 “the+形容词(副词)最高级+比较范围(of/among/in短语)”表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较,意为“最……”。 如:He is the tallest in our class.他是我们班最高的。 1.We can do the job better with______money and ______people. A.less;less      B.fewer;fewer C.less;fewer  D.fewer;less 2.It is______to travel by plane than by ship. A.a lot more exciting  B.much exciting C.a lot much exciting  D.more much exciting 形容词 1.(2020年湖南对口真题)Helping others makes us very . A. silent B. proud C. lazy D. crazy 2. (2018年湖南对口真题)Sam is about his speech because he thinks he is well prepared. A. honest B. confident C. modest D. curious 3. (2018年湖南对口真题)Sam is _______ about his speech because he thinks he is well prepared. A.honest B.confident C.modest D.curious 4.(2017年湖南对口真题)It's evey policeman's dream to keep people ________ and the traffic in good order. A.busy B.healthy C.safe D.famous 5.(2016年湖南对口真题)If overweight people eat less and take more exercise,they'll soon feel much _________ . A.fatter B.older C.bigger D.healthier 6. (2015年湖南对口真题)This magazine is very _________ with young people who like its content and style. A.familiar B.popular C.similar D.particular 副词 1. (2020年湖南对口真题)We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on and we felt more confident. A. slowly B. loudly C. nearly D. firmly 2. (2019年湖南对口真题)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it . A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. instead 4. (2018年湖南对口真题)Take care when you've driving, ________ in a big storm like this. A.especially B.immediately C.probably D.recently 4.(2016年湖南对口真题)The movie covers Chinese history. It is ______ worth seeing again. A.mainly B.really C.nearly D.hardly 5.(2015年湖南对口真题)I konw little about her interests,because we talk ________ about work when wen meet. A.quietly B.carefully C.slowly D.mainly 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 第07讲 形容词与副词 从近几年真题中对形容词、副词的考查来看,考点可分为以下三类: (1) 形容词、副词在具体语境中的正确使用。 (2) 形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法及固定搭配。 (3) 同义、近义和易混词辨析。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 一、定义与用法 1.形容词:用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词,在句中用作定语、表语、补语等。 This is a new house.John is a clever boy.(作定语,就是放在名词前面的成分。) The boy is clever.He is strong.(作表语,就是放在系动词后面的成分。) The room is found empty.(作补语,就是放在句子后面,起补充说明的成分。) (1)形容词修饰名词时放在前边,但修饰复合不定代词(something,someone,somebody;anything,anyone,anybody;nothing,no one,nobody)时,则放在这些词之后。如something important,anything possible。 (2)当几个形容词共同修饰同一名词时,它们的先后顺序是:限定词→描述性形容词→大小、长短、形状的形容词→年龄形容词→色彩形容词→表材料的形容词+被修饰的名词(口诀为“限观形龄色国材”,即“县官行令杀国才”) 1.“We must keep ______ in the library,” the woman said ______ to me. A.quiet;quietly   B.quietly;quietly C.quietly;quiet D.quiet;quiet 【答案】A 【解析】第一空中的keep是连系动词,其后应该加上形容词quiet作表语;而第二空中应选用副词quietly修饰动词said。 2.This kind of T­shirt looks ______ and sells ______. A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice 【答案】A 【解析】句中looks是连系动词,后接nice构成系表结构。而sell well是固定词组,意为“畅销”。 3.There was a ______talk between the two leaders last week. A.friend B.friendship C.friendly D.really 【答案】C 【解析】此处意思是“友好的谈话”,talk是一个名词,之前应选择形容词作定语。而friend是名词,意为“朋友”;friendship也是名词,意为“友谊”;really则是一个副词。均不符合题意。friendly以­ly结尾是形容词,而不是副词。 4.I can't get anything on TV.There must be ______with it. A.wrong something B.wrong nothing C.something wrong D.nothing wrong 【答案】C 【解析】形容词在修饰复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,everybody,nobody等时,要放在这些不定代词的后面。 5.None of the students watched the experiment ______, did they? A.careful enough B.carefully enough C.enough careful D.enough carefully 【答案】B 【解析】enough修饰形容词、副词时要放在形容词、副词之后,因此,可以首先排除选项C和D。另外,因为careful是形容词,不能修饰谓语动词watched。 二、形容词的比较级和最高级 大多数形容词有比较级等级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级。原级即形容词的原形。比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1.规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数以ow,er结尾的双音节词,词尾加er,est strong clever narrow stronger cleverer narrower strongest cleverest narrowest 以不发音的e结尾,只加r和st nice large nicer larger nicest largest 以辅音字母+y结尾的,先改y为i,再加er,est healthy easy healthier easier healthiest easiest 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的词,先双写词尾的辅音,再加er,est hot big thin hotter bigger thinner hottest biggest thinnest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 interesting more interesting most interesting 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least few fewer fewest far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1.比较级 (1) “A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 表示“A比B更……”。 如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。 (2)“A+be+ less+原级形容词+than +B”表示“较……低,不及……”。 如:I am less young than he.我不如他年轻。 (3)比较级前用much,many,rather,far,any,still,even,a little,a bit,a lot,lots,a great deal等词修饰时,表比较的程度(不可用very修饰)。 如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.西瓜比苹果大得多。 (4)“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”。 如:It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 (5)在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,蒂姆还是汤姆? (6)“the +比较级, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。 如:The more money you make,the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。 The more you eat,the fatter you will become.你吃得越多就长得越胖。 (7)用于“the+比较级+of the two”之类的结构时,表示“两者中……较……”。 如:He is the shorter of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较矮的那个。 (8)“as+形容词(副词)原级+ as”虽然用的是形容词和副词的原级,但也有表比较的意思。 否定结构:not so (as)+形容词(副词)原级+as 如:Our garden is as beautiful as theirs.我们的花园和他们的一样漂亮。 Jane didn't write as/so carefully as her elder sister.简写得没有她姐姐仔细。 (9)“比较级+than + any other +单数名词/比较级+than +the other +复数名词”用来表示最高级的概念。 如:Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.麦克比班上其他任何人都聪明。/麦克是他班上最聪明的。 2.最高级 “the+形容词(副词)最高级+比较范围(of/among/in短语)”表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较,意为“最……”。 如:He is the tallest in our class.他是我们班最高的。 1.We can do the job better with______money and ______people. A.less;less      B.fewer;fewer C.less;fewer  D.fewer;less 【答案】C 【解析】money是不可数名词,不能用few(er)来修饰,所以排除B和D。而people是一个复数名词,不能用little(less,least)修饰。 2.It is______to travel by plane than by ship. A.a lot more exciting  B.much exciting C.a lot much exciting  D.more much exciting 【答案】A 【解析】因为这是一个比较句型,所以在形容词exciting的比较级前面加more,a lot用于修饰这个比较级,放在比较级的前面。 形容词 1.(2020年湖南对口真题)Helping others makes us very . A. silent B. proud C. lazy D. crazy 考查形容词的辨析。 句意为“帮助他人让我们很自豪。” silent(沉默), lazy(懒惰), crazy(疯狂)都不符合题意。故选A。 2. (2018年湖南对口真题)Sam is about his speech because he thinks he is well prepared. A. honest B. confident C. modest D. curious 考查形容词的辨析。句意为“山姆对演讲很自信,因为他觉得自己做好了准备。” honest(诚实的), confident(有信心的), modest(谦虚的), curious(好奇的)。故选B。 3. (2018年湖南对口真题)Sam is _______ about his speech because he thinks he is well prepared. A.honest B.confident C.modest D.curious 考查形容坷辨析。句意:“山姆对演讲很自信,因为他觉得自己做好了准备。”honest诚实的;confident有信心的;modest谦虚的;curious好奇的。故选B。 4.(2017年湖南对口真题)It's evey policeman's dream to keep people ________ and the traffic in good order. A.busy B.healthy C.safe D.famous 考查形容词辨析。句意:“使人民安全、交通有序是每个警察的梦想。”故选C。 5.(2016年湖南对口真题)If overweight people eat less and take more exercise,they'll soon feel much _________ . A.fatter B.older C.bigger D.healthier 考查形容词的辨析。句意:“如果超重的人少吃点、多锻练,那么他们很快会感到健康得多。”fatter更胖;older更老;bigger更大;healthier更健康。故选D。 6.(2015年湖南对口真题)This magazine is very _________ with young people who like its content and style. A.familiar B.popular C.similar D.particular 考查形容词的辨析。句意:“这本杂志很受年轻人的青睐,他们喜欢杂志的内容和风格。”be popular with sb.受某人的欢迎;be familiar with对……熟悉;be similar to和……相似;be particular about对……讲究。故选B。 副词 1. (2020年湖南对口真题)We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on and we felt more confident. A. slowly B. loudly C. nearly D. firmly 考查副词的辨析。句意为“我们昨天有一场足球赛。我们的球迷大声地为我们加油,我们感到更有信心。”slowly(慢的), nearly(几乎,差不多,将近), firmly(坚定地,坚固地)。故选B。 2. (2019年湖南对口真题)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it . A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. instead 考查副词的辨析。句意为“感谢你告诉我们怎么去那栋房子。要不然那时我们找不到。”由wouldn’t have found可知,是对过去发生情况的一种反面虚拟。therefore(因此), however(然而), instead(代替), otherwise(要不然)。故选B。 3.(2018年湖南对口真题)Take care when you've driving, ________ in a big storm like this. A.especially B.immediately C.probably D.recently 考查副词辨析。句意:“你开车时要当心,尤其是在这样的暴雨天气。”especially尤其;immediately立刻;probably可能地;recently近来。故选A。 4.(2016年湖南对口真题)The movie covers Chinese history. It is ______ worth seeing again. A.mainly B.really C.nearly D.hardly 考查副词的辨析。句意:“这部电影讲述中国历史,真的值得再看。”mainly主要地;really真的;nearly几乎;hardly简直不。故选B。 5.(2015年湖南对口真题)I konw little about her interests,because we talk ________ about work when wen meet. A.quietly B.carefully C.slowly D.mainly 考查副词的辨析。句意:“我对她的兴趣一无所知,因为我们见面时主要谈论工作。”quietly安静地;carefully仔细地,小心地;slowly慢慢地;mainly主要地。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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07 形容词与副词(考点精讲)-备战2025年(对口升学)英语一轮复习讲练测(湖南适用)
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07 形容词与副词(考点精讲)-备战2025年(对口升学)英语一轮复习讲练测(湖南适用)
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07 形容词与副词(考点精讲)-备战2025年(对口升学)英语一轮复习讲练测(湖南适用)
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