精品解析：广东省清远市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

清远市2023～2024学年第二学期高中期末教学质量检测 高二英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 5. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In contrast to rushing past overcrowded tourist landmarks, the new trend of city walk has emerged as a popular alternative to exploring bustling markets, ancient streets, and charming alleys at a leisurely pace. Here are some good recommendations for city walk in China. Shanghai Shanghai has undertaken extensive renovations (修复) in many historic and cultural neighborhoods. For instance, the Wukang Building, which was built in 1924, underwent two conservation renovations in 2009 and 2019. In 2020, it also underwent a “micro-update”. Guangzhou Yongqingfang, a historical complex in Guangzhou, is situated on Enning Road and is considered the core area of old Guangzhou, as well as the city’s most beautiful arcade. Starting in 2009, a series of micro-transformations began in Yongqingfang and have continued to the present day. Today, the revitalized Yongqingfang has emerged as a new cultural landmark, where traditional and modern cultures mix harmoniously in the old city. Fuzhou Currently, Fuzhou has a total length of 131 kilometers of mountain trails, connecting with 501.7 kilometers of waterfront greenways and over 200 traditional streets and alleys. The Fuzhou urban forest trail, which winds through numerous parks, facilitates a close connection between mountains, water, people, and the city. Nanjing You can experience history and modernity in Nanjing. Walk and taste from Pingshi Street to Shengzhou Road, get a roast duck takeout and two liang (100 grams) of beef potstickers before you sit down for a bowl of soup noodles topped with pork rinds and ribs. Treat yourself to some rich traditional foods. 1. How many times has the Wukang Building been renovated in the past 20 years? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 2. Which city suits a nature lover according to the text? A. Shanghai. B. Guangzhou. C. Fuzhòu. D. Nanjing. 3. What do Guangzhou and Nanjing have in common? A. They have a history of renovations. B. They have many world-famous buildings. C. They offer waterfront greenways for tourists. D. They combine traditional and modern cultures. B Candace Leslie Cima is a 75-year-old fashion and lifestyle influencer working to change the attitudes regarding aging for both her generation and the ones following hers. Candace’s video, sharing a comment on her style that says “You’re 60. You shouldn’t wear that”, got 7.4 million views on social media. She is answering comments about her sleeveless shirt style choices with “I am 75, actually.” In her mind, there is no stigma attached to being aging. “I remember being on the checkout line at a supermarket and looking at the headlines on those magazines. They would always have headlines like How to look your best at 20, 30, and40. Never did they mention 50, 60, and 70,” she recalls in a video. In addition to her videos, Candace also has a blog where she speaks at length about aging and fashion. Candace explains that she wears a lot of sleeveless tops, and there is always someone who writes to her that women over 60 should not bare their arms. She has a whole article on her blog devoted to this sleeveless shirt style element, which is called Woman’s Right to Bare Arms. “So... you have some loose skin on your arms or some veins on your legs or age spots on your hand... Why is that a bad thing?” She makes a point, saying that it is we who decide whether it is a bad thing and whether we are ashamed of our natural aging process and let others make us feel less than we are. After all, everyone ages, so we all as a society should normalize these changes and learn to see them positively. For her, age is not just a number. It’s a badge of honor to wear proudly. “The only way to change that view is that we, as older women, show them that aging is a gift, something to be embraced, valued and shared,” she writes. 4. What does the underlined word “stigma” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Trouble. B. Worry. C. Shame. D. Difficulty. 5. How does Candace respond to comments about her age? A. She uses the opportunity to promote positive aging. B. She ignores them and does not address them publicly. C. She gets upset and defends herself in an aggressive manner. D. She avoids wearing clothes that might draw attention to her age. 6. Which words can best describe Candace? A. Caring and generous. B. Concerned and helpful. C. Confident and brave. D. Strange and fashionable. 7. What message does Candace want to convey? A. Aging should be feared and hidden. B. Aging is a natural process to be celebrated. C. Fashion trends are more important than personal style. D. Age should define a person’s lifestyle and appearance. C The summer of 2023 was the hottest ever recorded on Earth. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning fossil fuels are the main causes behind climate change, and scientists say they must be controlled. But there’s another greenhouse gas to deal with: methane. Tackling it may be the best bet for putting the brakes on rising temperatures in the short term. That’s because it’s relatively short-lived in the atmosphere — methane lasts about 12 years, while CO2 can stick around for hundreds of years. We already have strategies for cutting methane emissions — fixing natural gas leaks (methane is the main component of natural gas), removing coal gradually (mining operations release methane), eating less meat and dairy products (cows burp lots of methane) and electrifying transportation and appliances. Implementing all existing strategies could slow global warming by 30 percent over the next decade, research has shown. But some climate scientists, including Jackson, say we need to go further. Scientists want to develop ways to remove methane directly from the air. Most ideas are still in early research stages. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine is currently studying these potential technologies, their state of readiness and possible risks, and what further research and funding are needed. Some of the approaches include re-engineering bacteria that are already good at eating methane and developing reactors in methane-rich places to chemically transform the gas. “Methane is a sprint (短跑) and CO2 is a marathon,” says Desirée Plata, a civil and environmental engineer at MIT. “While methane emissions are a significant contributor to climate change, carbon dioxide emissions remain the primary driver. Therefore, we must continue to pursue strategies to reduce CO2 emissions while also targeting methane reduction.” For scientists focused on removing greenhouse gases, it’s off to the races. 8. What is the best way to stop rising temperatures in the short term? A. Quitting burning fossil fuels. B. Dealing with methane emissions. C Improving current research methods. D. Controlling carbon dioxide emissions. 9. What is the possible result of carrying out existing strategies? A. Reducing the rate of global warming. B. Fixing natural gas leaks. C. Trapping methane in the atmosphere. D. Increasing the use of energy. 10. What does the author imply in paragraph 3? A. The approaches are not fully developed. B. The current research progress is sufficient. C. Some approaches have been applied widely. D. Methane emissions can be removed completely. 11. What is Desirée Plata’s attitude towards the idea of removing methane? A. Indifferent. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Supportive. D Advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled authentic-sounding speech synthesis (语音合成) to the point that a person can no longer distinguish whether they are talking to another human or a deepfake (深度伪造). If a person’s own voice is “cloned” by a third party without their agreement, bad guys can use it to send any message they want. Computer scientist and engineer Ning Zhang has developed a new method to prevent unauthorized speech synthesis before it takes place: a tool called AntiFake. Traditional deepfake detection methods only work after the damage is done. However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. This tool turns the tables on cybercriminals (网络罪犯) by using similar voice cloning techniques they employ, but for voice protection. The software complicates voice data extraction and feature identification crucial for voice synthesis. “We’re using an opposite AI technique originally used by cybercriminals, but now we’re using it against them,” Zhang explained. “We slightly change the recorded audio, just enough to make it unusable for voice clone training while still sounding natural to humans.” Ben Zhao, a professor of computer science at University of Chicago, says that the software, like all digital security systems, will never provide complete protection. But, he adds that it can raise the bar and limit the attack to a smaller group of individuals with significant resources. AntiFake can already protect shorter voice recordings against cloning. The creators of the tool believe that it could be extended to protect larger audio documents or music from misuse. But the methods and tools that are developed must be continuously adapted because cybercriminals will learn and grow with them. 12. What is the primary purpose of AntiFake? A. To improve the quality of synthetic speech. B. To clone voices without the owner’s approval. C. To detect deepfakes after they have been created. D. To stop unapproved speech generation from happening. 13. How does AntiFake differ from these traditional methods? A. It prevents audio deepfakes in advance. B. It cannot detect deepfakes until created. C. It only works on short voice recordings. D. It relies on human listeners to identify deepfakes. 14. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Developers should focus on short voice recordings. B. The battle against deepfakes requires ongoing efforts. C. AntiFake is ineffective against advanced cloning techniques. D. AntiFake provides permanent solutions to the deepfake threat. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Future of Voice Technology. B. A Method for Detecting AI Deepfakes. C. The Challenge of Telling Human Voices. D. A Tool to Keep AI from Stealing Your Voice. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When something goes wrong, do you tend to recover quickly or fall apart? Some might find it extremely difficult to cope with the barriers. Following are some strategies to help you handle a personal setback and get back on track to achieve your goal. ●Understand it’s normal. Fewer than 20 percent of people succeed in reaching their goal on the first attempt. In other words it’s not whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when. ___16___ ●Don’t deny it. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. ___17___ This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be open to the honest feedback. ● ___18___ Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling. ●Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening next time. Each time you adapt your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your chances of eventual success. ___19___ Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. ___20___ After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again. A. Don’t take it seriously. B. Analyze what happened. C. Persist in pursuing your goals regardless of challenges. D. Despite concerns, you may still refuse to acknowledge it. E. You haven’t lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support. F. Thus, the key lies in managing setbacks effectively when they arise. G. This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest. But after challenging a ___21___ path last April, the 45-year-old mechanic was lost. As the day faded into dusk his concern turned to ___22___. Compean climbed to a spot with one bar of ___23___ .“I’m lost. SOS. My phone is going to ___24___ .”He texted the police, attaching a photo showing where he was. The ___25___ showed his legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants. All Compean could do then was wait and ___26___. The temperature was dropping fast. After ___27___ two mountain lions and a bear, he kept a big stick and some ___28___ rocks beside him in case an animal came close. Kuo, who works in the technology industry, always loves ___29___ where photos are taken. When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter, he ___30___ pulled up a satellite map. He ___31___ his search to the surrounding area after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground. After comparing it to the satellite map, Kuo ___32___ something: “He’s got to be on the south side because there’s not really any ___33___ valleys on the north side.” That finding tightened his search, and finally the ___34___ matched! Soon, Compean was saved. Compean’s story probably would have ended very differently if it had not been for a ___35___ with strong satellite skills and a sharp eye for detail who took action. 21. A. random B. new C. dusty D. straight 22. A. shock B. puzzle C. fear D. sadness 23. A. signal B. trunk C. light D. stick 24. A. abandon B. sustain C. break D. die 25. A. text B. video C. shot D. blog 26. A. sleep B. hope C. starve D. correspond 27. A. releasing B. fetching C. hunting D. spotting 28. A. sharp B. smooth C. colorful D. flat 29. A. testing out B. attending to C. relying on D. looking for 30. A. immediately B. deliberately C. desperately D. quietly 31. A. submitted B. examined C. narrowed D. extended 32. A. realized B. guaranteed C. recalled D. seized 33. A. remote B. green C. bare D. damp 34. A. channels B. distributions C. locations D. profiles 35. A. detective B. friend C. hiker D. stranger 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s traditional tea-making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The item “Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China” ___36___ (pass) the examination at the 17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee. China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list, ___37___ (continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world. The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist ___38___ knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the ___39___ (manage) of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing of tea. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. ___40___ (base) on natural conditions and local customs, Chinese tea producers have developed six ___41___ (category) of tea: green, yellow, dark, white, oolong and black. Besides, there are other varieties, ___42___ contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products. The traditional tea making techniques are ___43___ (main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices, however, ___44___ (spread) throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups. Tea is popular in Chinese people’s daily life served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few. ____45____ is also an important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，应邀参加一个与外籍学生的交流活动，并就高中学校开设学生职业生涯规划课程的重要性进行发言。请你写一份发言稿，内容包括： 1. 你的观点及理由； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：职业生涯规划课程 career planning courses Dear friends, My name is Li Hua. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I loved the spelling bee(拼字比赛) so much that every afternoon after school, I would diligently train. However, little did I know that my opponent in the spelling bee would one day become a cherished friend. On Friday morning, I woke up at 6:27. My usual waking time was 7:01, granting me an unexpected thirty-four extra minutes to study. As the best speller in my class, I was determined to win the Meadowbrook Middle School spelling bee and defeat my opponent, Nathan Fortescue. Nathan was a devotee of science and math. He wasn’t really a speller at heart; he was a mathematician. Nathan and I had nothing in common except being good spellers. Besides, he seemed to spell well without much effort. I went to the kitchen and found Dad making breakfast. I told him about the spelling test and my anxiety. He quizzed me on some words, but they were easy for me. Then he asked, “How do you spell ‘argument’?” I confidently replied, “Easy, A-R-G-U-E-M-E-N-T,” without a second thought. Dad shook his head. I didn’t believe him, so I checked the dictionary. When I came back,he said I should thank him because that word might be on the test. As I shut the classroom door, a voice came from the back of the room. “You’re looking a bit pale. I’m afraid you might not make it through the spelling bee,” Nathan said with a smile as he closed a giant book with dancing numbers on its cover. “I bet a literature word will knock you out in the first round,” I replied. Then Ms. Hawking entered the room explaining the rules—one miss and you are out—and the spelling test began. After four intense rounds, only Nathan and I remained. “Olivia, your word is ‘algorithm’,” Ms. Hawking announced. I had never heard that word before, but I spelt it: “A-L-G-O-R-Y-T-H-M.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ms. Hawking frowned and said that’s incorrect. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, I sobbed when I felt a hand on my arm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清远市2023～2024学年第二学期高中期末教学质量检测 高二英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 5. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In contrast to rushing past overcrowded tourist landmarks, the new trend of city walk has emerged as a popular alternative to exploring bustling markets, ancient streets, and charming alleys at a leisurely pace. Here are some good recommendations for city walk in China. Shanghai Shanghai has undertaken extensive renovations (修复) in many historic and cultural neighborhoods. For instance, the Wukang Building, which was built in 1924, underwent two conservation renovations in 2009 and 2019. In 2020, it also underwent a “micro-update”. Guangzhou Yongqingfang, a historical complex in Guangzhou, is situated on Enning Road and is considered the core area of old Guangzhou, as well as the city’s most beautiful arcade. Starting in 2009, a series of micro-transformations began in Yongqingfang and have continued to the present day. Today, the revitalized Yongqingfang has emerged as a new cultural landmark, where traditional and modern cultures mix harmoniously in the old city. Fuzhou Currently, Fuzhou has a total length of 131 kilometers of mountain trails, connecting with 501.7 kilometers of waterfront greenways and over 200 traditional streets and alleys. The Fuzhou urban forest trail, which winds through numerous parks, facilitates a close connection between mountains, water, people, and the city. Nanjing You can experience history and modernity in Nanjing. Walk and taste from Pingshi Street to Shengzhou Road, get a roast duck takeout and two liang (100 grams) of beef potstickers before you sit down for a bowl of soup noodles topped with pork rinds and ribs. Treat yourself to some rich traditional foods. 1. How many times has the Wukang Building been renovated in the past 20 years? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 2. Which city suits a nature lover according to the text? A. Shanghai. B. Guangzhou. C. Fuzhòu. D. Nanjing. 3. What do Guangzhou and Nanjing have in common? A. They have a history of renovations. B. They have many world-famous buildings. C They offer waterfront greenways for tourists. D. They combine traditional and modern cultures. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章推荐了中国适合旅行漫步几个城市，分别举例详细介绍了上海、广州、福州以及南京。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Shanghai”下文介绍中“For instance, the Wukang Building, which was built in 1924, underwent two conservation renovations in 2009 and 2019. In 2020, it also underwent a “micro-update”. (例如，建于1924年的武康大楼在2009年和2019年进行了两次保护修缮。2020年，它也经历了一次“微更新”。)”可知，武康大楼在过去20年里进行了三次修复。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Fuzhou”下文介绍中“Currently, Fuzhou has a total length of 131 kilometers of mountain trails, connecting with 501.7 kilometers of waterfront greenways and over 200 traditional streets and alleys. The Fuzhou urban forest trail, which winds through numerous parks, facilitates a close connection between mountains, water, people, and the city. (目前，福州拥有全长131公里的山间步道，连接着501.7公里的滨水绿道和200多条传统街巷。福州城市森林步道蜿蜒穿过众多公园，将山、水、人、城市紧密联系在一起。)”可知，福州拥有全长131公里的山间步道，连接着501.7公里的滨水绿道，森林步道蜿蜒穿过众多公园，将山、水、人、城市紧密联系在一起，由此可知；福州适合热爱大自然的人。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Guangzhou”下文介绍中“Today, the revitalized Yongqingfang has emerged as a new cultural landmark, where traditional and modern cultures mix harmoniously in the old city. (如今，重新焕发活力的永清坊已成为一个新的文化地标，传统与现代文化在老城和谐融合。)”以及“Nanjing”下文介绍中“You can experience history and modernity in Nanjing. (你可以在南京体验历史和现代。)”可知，广州与南京的共同之处是将传统文化与现代文化结合在一起。故选D。 B Candace Leslie Cima is a 75-year-old fashion and lifestyle influencer working to change the attitudes regarding aging for both her generation and the ones following hers. Candace’s video, sharing a comment on her style that says “You’re 60. You shouldn’t wear that”, got 7.4 million views on social media. She is answering comments about her sleeveless shirt style choices with “I am 75, actually.” In her mind, there is no stigma attached to being aging. “I remember being on the checkout line at a supermarket and looking at the headlines on those magazines. They would always have headlines like How to look your best at 20, 30, and40. Never did they mention 50, 60, and 70,” she recalls in a video. In addition to her videos, Candace also has a blog where she speaks at length about aging and fashion. Candace explains that she wears a lot of sleeveless tops, and there is always someone who writes to her that women over 60 should not bare their arms. She has a whole article on her blog devoted to this sleeveless shirt style element, which is called Woman’s Right to Bare Arms. “So... you have some loose skin on your arms or some veins on your legs or age spots on your hand... Why is that a bad thing?” She makes a point, saying that it is we who decide whether it is a bad thing and whether we are ashamed of our natural aging process and let others make us feel less than we are. After all, everyone ages, so we all as a society should normalize these changes and learn to see them positively. For her, age is not just a number. It’s a badge of honor to wear proudly. “The only way to change that view is that we, as older women, show them that aging is a gift, something to be embraced, valued and shared,” she writes. 4. What does the underlined word “stigma” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Trouble. B. Worry. C. Shame. D. Difficulty. 5. How does Candace respond to comments about her age? A. She uses the opportunity to promote positive aging. B. She ignores them and does not address them publicly. C. She gets upset and defends herself in an aggressive manner. D. She avoids wearing clothes that might draw attention to her age. 6. Which words can best describe Candace? A. Caring and generous. B. Concerned and helpful. C. Confident and brave. D. Strange and fashionable. 7. What message does Candace want to convey? A. Aging should be feared and hidden. B. Aging is a natural process to be celebrated. C. Fashion trends are more important than personal style. D. Age should define a person’s lifestyle and appearance. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了Candace Leslie Cima是一位76岁的时尚和生活方式影响者，她通过社交媒体“我70多岁的生活”来改变她这一代人和她的后代对衰老的态度。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Candace’s video, sharing a comment on her style that says “You’re 60. You shouldn’t wear that”, got 7.4 million views on social media. She is answering comments about her sleeveless shirt style choices with “I am 75, actually.”(坎迪斯的视频，分享了对她风格的评论，说：‘你60岁了。你不应该穿这个’，在社交媒体上获得了740万的点击量。她在回答有关她的无袖衬衫款式选择的评论时说：‘实际上我75岁了。’)”以及划线词后文“attached to being aging”可知，网友给她的评论说她年纪大了，不该那么穿，她大方地说自己75岁了，说明她不认为变老是一种不能言说的耻辱。故划线词意思是“耻辱”，与shame意思一致，故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She has a whole article on her blog devoted to this sleeveless shirt style element, which is called Woman’s Right to Bare Arms.(她的博客上有一篇文章专门讨论这种无袖衬衫的风格元素，叫做“女人裸露手臂的权利”)”以及第四段“She makes a point, saying that it is we who decide whether it is a bad thing and whether we are ashamed of our natural aging process and let others make us feel less than we are.(她提出了一个观点，说这是否是一件坏事，我们是否为自己的自然衰老过程感到羞耻，让别人让我们觉得自己不如自己，是我们自己决定的)”可知，对于她年龄的评论，坎迪斯利用这个机会来推广积极的老龄化。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Candace explains that she wears a lot of sleeveless tops, and there is always someone who writes to her that women over 60 should not bare their arms. She has a whole article on her blog devoted to this sleeveless shirt style element, which is called Woman’s Right to Bare Arms.(坎迪斯解释说，她经常穿无袖上衣，总有人写信给她，说60岁以上的女人不应该露胳膊。她的博客上有一篇文章专门讨论这种无袖衬衫的风格元素，叫做《女人裸露手臂的权利》)”以及第四段““So... you have some loose skin on your arms or some veins on your legs or age spots on your hand... Why is that a bad thing?” She makes a point, saying that it is we who decide whether it is a bad thing and whether we are ashamed of our natural aging process and let others make us feel less than we are.(‘所以……你的手臂上有松弛的皮肤，腿上有静脉，手上有老年斑……为什么这是件坏事呢？’她提出了一个观点，说这是否是一件坏事，我们是否为自己的自然衰老过程感到羞耻，让别人让我们觉得自己不如自己，是我们自己决定的)”可知，坎迪斯自信回答网友的评价，勇敢提出自己的观点，说明了她自信和勇敢。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“For her, age is not just a number. It’s a badge of honor to wear proudly. “The only way to change that view is that we, as older women, show them that aging is a gift, something to be embraced, valued and shared,” she writes.(对她来说，年龄不仅仅是一个数字。这是一种值得骄傲地佩戴的荣誉徽章。她写道:“改变这种观点的唯一方法是，作为老年女性，我们要告诉他们，衰老是一种礼物，是一种值得接受、珍惜和分享的东西。”)”可知，坎迪斯想表达衰老是一个值得庆祝的自然过程。故选B。 C The summer of 2023 was the hottest ever recorded on Earth. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning fossil fuels are the main causes behind climate change, and scientists say they must be controlled. But there’s another greenhouse gas to deal with: methane. Tackling it may be the best bet for putting the brakes on rising temperatures in the short term. That’s because it’s relatively short-lived in the atmosphere — methane lasts about 12 years, while CO2 can stick around for hundreds of years. We already have strategies for cutting methane emissions — fixing natural gas leaks (methane is the main component of natural gas), removing coal gradually (mining operations release methane), eating less meat and dairy products (cows burp lots of methane) and electrifying transportation and appliances. Implementing all existing strategies could slow global warming by 30 percent over the next decade, research has shown. But some climate scientists, including Jackson, say we need to go further. Scientists want to develop ways to remove methane directly from the air. Most ideas are still in early research stages. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine is currently studying these potential technologies, their state of readiness and possible risks, and what further research and funding are needed. Some of the approaches include re-engineering bacteria that are already good at eating methane and developing reactors in methane-rich places to chemically transform the gas. “Methane is a sprint (短跑) and CO2 is a marathon,” says Desirée Plata, a civil and environmental engineer at MIT. “While methane emissions are a significant contributor to climate change, carbon dioxide emissions remain the primary driver. Therefore, we must continue to pursue strategies to reduce CO2 emissions while also targeting methane reduction.” For scientists focused on removing greenhouse gases, it’s off to the races. 8. What is the best way to stop rising temperatures in the short term? A. Quitting burning fossil fuels. B. Dealing with methane emissions. C. Improving current research methods. D. Controlling carbon dioxide emissions. 9. What is the possible result of carrying out existing strategies? A. Reducing the rate of global warming. B. Fixing natural gas leaks. C. Trapping methane in the atmosphere. D. Increasing the use of energy. 10. What does the author imply in paragraph 3? A. The approaches are not fully developed. B. The current research progress is sufficient. C. Some approaches have been applied widely. D. Methane emissions can be removed completely. 11. What is Desirée Plata’s attitude towards the idea of removing methane? A. Indifferent. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Supportive. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出处理甲烷排放是短期内阻止气温上升的最佳方法，介绍了一些减少甲烷排放的策略，并探讨了直接去除甲烷的新技术。最后，文章强调了减少二氧化碳排放的重要性，呼吁同时减少两种温室气体。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But there’s another greenhouse gas to deal with: methane. Tackling it may be the best bet for putting the brakes on rising temperatures in the short term. (但还有另一种温室气体需要处理：甲烷。解决这一问题可能是短期内遏制气温上升的最佳办法。)”可知，处理甲烷排放是短期内阻止气温上升的最佳方法。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Implementing all existing strategies could slow global warming by 30 percent over the next decade, research has shown. (研究表明，实施所有现有的策略可以在未来十年内将全球变暖速度减缓30%。)”可知，实施现有策略的可能结果是减缓全球变暖的速度。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Most ideas are still in early research stages. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine is currently studying these potential technologies, their state of readiness and possible risks, and what further research and funding are needed. (大多数想法仍处于早期研究阶段。美国科学院、工程和医学目前正在研究这些潜在的技术，它们的准备就绪的状态和可能的风险，以及需要哪些进一步的研究和资助。)”可知，研究人员仍在研究这些可能的技术，研究涉及到很多方面。由此可知，这些方法没有完全开发出来。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Desirée Plata所说的话“Methane is a sprint (短跑) and CO2 is a marathon (甲烷是短跑，而二氧化碳是马拉松)”和“While methane emissions are a significant contributor to climate change, carbon dioxide emissions remain the primary driver. Therefore, we must continue to pursue strategies to reduce CO2 emissions while also targeting methane reduction. (虽然甲烷排放是气候变化的一个重要因素，但二氧化碳排放仍然是主要的驱动因素。因此，我们必须继续推行减少二氧化碳排放的战略，同时也要以减少甲烷为目标。)”可知，Desirée Plata区分了解决甲烷排放和二氧化碳排放的主次关系，前者为次，后者为主，但也强调在解决后者的同时做好前者的工作。由此可知，他对去除甲烷的想法持中立态度。故选C项。 D Advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled authentic-sounding speech synthesis (语音合成) to the point that a person can no longer distinguish whether they are talking to another human or a deepfake (深度伪造). If a person’s own voice is “cloned” by a third party without their agreement, bad guys can use it to send any message they want. Computer scientist and engineer Ning Zhang has developed a new method to prevent unauthorized speech synthesis before it takes place: a tool called AntiFake. Traditional deepfake detection methods only work after the damage is done. However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. This tool turns the tables on cybercriminals (网络罪犯) by using similar voice cloning techniques they employ, but for voice protection. The software complicates voice data extraction and feature identification crucial for voice synthesis. “We’re using an opposite AI technique originally used by cybercriminals, but now we’re using it against them,” Zhang explained. “We slightly change the recorded audio, just enough to make it unusable for voice clone training while still sounding natural to humans.” Ben Zhao, a professor of computer science at University of Chicago, says that the software, like all digital security systems, will never provide complete protection. But, he adds that it can raise the bar and limit the attack to a smaller group of individuals with significant resources. AntiFake can already protect shorter voice recordings against cloning. The creators of the tool believe that it could be extended to protect larger audio documents or music from misuse. But the methods and tools that are developed must be continuously adapted because cybercriminals will learn and grow with them. 12. What is the primary purpose of AntiFake? A. To improve the quality of synthetic speech. B. To clone voices without the owner’s approval. C. To detect deepfakes after they have been created. D. To stop unapproved speech generation from happening. 13. How does AntiFake differ from these traditional methods? A. It prevents audio deepfakes in advance. B. It cannot detect deepfakes until created. C. It only works on short voice recordings. D. It relies on human listeners to identify deepfakes. 14. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Developers should focus on short voice recordings. B. The battle against deepfakes requires ongoing efforts. C. AntiFake is ineffective against advanced cloning techniques. D. AntiFake provides permanent solutions to the deepfake threat. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Future of Voice Technology. B. A Method for Detecting AI Deepfakes. C. The Challenge of Telling Human Voices. D. A Tool to Keep AI from Stealing Your Voice. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了一种名为AntiFake的新技术工具，该工具旨在通过预先阻止未经授权的语音合成来应对语音深度伪造的问题。文中详细阐述了该技术的工作原理、与传统方法的差异、以及在数字安全领域的应用前景和挑战，同时提及了持续改进的必要性，以对抗不断进化的网络犯罪手段。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. (然而，AntiFake可以防止语音数据事先被合成成音频深度伪造。)”可知，AntiFake的主要目的是阻止未经授权的语音生成发生。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Traditional deepfake detection methods only work after the damage is done. However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. (传统的深度伪造检测方法只有在损坏发生后才有效。然而，AntiFake可以防止语音数据事先被合成成音频深度伪造。)”可知，AntiFake与传统方法的不同之处在于它能提前防止音频深度伪造。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“But the methods and tools that are developed must be continuously adapted because cybercriminals will learn and grow with them. (但是，开发的方法和工具必须不断适应，因为网络犯罪分子将与他们一起学习和成长。)”可知，对抗深度伪造的斗争需要不断的努力，因为网络犯罪分子会随着技术的发展而学习和成长。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Computer scientist and engineer Ning Zhang has developed a new method to prevent unauthorized speech synthesis before it takes place: a tool called AntiFake. (计算机科学家和工程师张宁开发了一种新方法，可以在未经授权的语音合成发生之前阻止它：一种名为AntiFake的工具。)”可知，文章主要介绍了新工具AntiFake，该工具能预防声音被未经授权地克隆用于深度伪造，旨在保护个人的声音不被盗用。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When something goes wrong, do you tend to recover quickly or fall apart? Some might find it extremely difficult to cope with the barriers. Following are some strategies to help you handle a personal setback and get back on track to achieve your goal. ●Understand it’s normal. Fewer than 20 percent of people succeed in reaching their goal on the first attempt. In other words it’s not whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when. ___16___ ●Don’t deny it. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. ___17___ This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be open to the honest feedback. ● ___18___ Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling. ●Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening next time. Each time you adapt your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your chances of eventual success. ___19___ Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. ___20___ After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again. A. Don’t take it seriously. B. Analyze what happened. C. Persist in pursuing your goals regardless of challenges. D. Despite concerns, you may still refuse to acknowledge it. E. You haven’t lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support. F. Thus, the key lies in managing setbacks effectively when they arise. G. This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文属于应用文，旨在提供应对个人挫折和重回目标轨道的策略与建议。这类文体通常会包含步骤说明、心理调适方法、鼓励性话语以及实用的自我提升技巧，目的是帮助读者在遇到困难时能够积极应对并恢复。 【16题详解】 由上文“When something goes wrong, do you tend to recover quickly or fall apart? Some might find it extremely difficult to cope with the barriers. Following are some strategies to help you handle a personal setback and get back on track to achieve your goal. (当出现问题时，你倾向于迅速恢复还是崩溃？有些人可能会觉得克服这些障碍极其困难。以下是一些策略，可以帮助你处理个人挫折，并回到实现目标的轨道上。)”和“Understand it’s normal. Fewer than 20 percent of people succeed in reaching their goal on the first attempt. In other words it’s not whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when. (理解这是正常的。只有不到20%的人第一次尝试就能达到目标。换句话说，挑战是否会发生并不重要，重要的是何时发生。)”可知，成功往往不是一次尝试就能达成的，挑战是常态。因此，接下来应该强调的是如何应对这些挑战。选项F“Thus, the key lies in managing setbacks effectively when they arise. (因此，关键在于当挫折出现时有效地管理它们。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 由上文“Don’t deny it. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. (别否认。有时很难识别挫折。问题可能就在你眼前，但你可能会否认有任何惊慌理由。)”及下文“This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn't mean you're stupid. (无法承认问题并不意味着你愚蠢。)”可知，这里在讨论人们即使面对问题也可能拒绝承认的情况。选项D“Despite concerns, you may still refuse to acknowledge it. (尽管有担忧，你仍然可能拒绝承认它。)能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 18题详解】 由下文“Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling. (停下来，仔细想想哪里出了问题。挫折最常见的原因是个人担忧、过度自信和糟糕的应对技能。看看任何可能导致挫折的因素：你在哪里，你和谁在一起，你当时的想法和感受。)”可知，本段谈论与“分析错误原因”有关话题，选项B“Analyze what happened. (分析发生了什么。)”能概括本段主旨，适合作为该段落的小标题。故选B。 【19题详解】 由上文“Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening next time. Each time you adapt your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your chances of eventual success. (从中吸取教训。从你对挫折的分析中学习，调整你的计划，尽量防止类似的事情再次发生。每次你调整你的计划并再次付诸行动，你实际上提高了你最终成功的机会。)”可知，此处强调从错误中学习并改进计划的重要性。选项G“This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. (这是因为你从每一个失误中学习，使你的计划更加有效。)”解释了为什么调整计划能够提高成功几率，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【20题详解】 由上文“Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. (提醒自己，你的挫折只是一次滑倒，而不是跌倒。)”以及下文“After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again. (经过调整后，你仍然可以朝着成功再次前进。)”可知，此处鼓励人们不要因为挫折而失去信心，因为失败后还拥有很多。选项E“You haven’t lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support. (你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持。)”说明尽管遇到挫折，但重要的资源并未丢失，可以继续前进，能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest. But after challenging a ___21___ path last April, the 45-year-old mechanic was lost. As the day faded into dusk, his concern turned to ___22___. Compean climbed to a spot with one bar of ___23___ .“I’m lost. SOS. My phone is going to ___24___ .”He texted the police, attaching a photo showing where he was. The ___25___ showed his legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants. All Compean could do then was wait and ___26___. The temperature was dropping fast. After ___27___ two mountain lions and a bear, he kept a big stick and some ___28___ rocks beside him in case an animal came close. Kuo, who works in the technology industry, always loves ___29___ where photos are taken. When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter, he ___30___ pulled up a satellite map. He ___31___ his search to the surrounding area after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground. After comparing it to the satellite map, Kuo ___32___ something: “He’s got to be on the south side because there’s not really any ___33___ valleys on the north side.” That finding tightened his search, and finally the ___34___ matched! Soon, Compean was saved. Compean’s story probably would have ended very differently, if it had not been for a ___35___ with strong satellite skills and a sharp eye for detail who took action. 21. A. random B. new C. dusty D. straight 22. A. shock B. puzzle C. fear D. sadness 23. A. signal B. trunk C. light D. stick 24. A. abandon B. sustain C. break D. die 25. A. text B. video C. shot D. blog 26. A. sleep B. hope C. starve D. correspond 27. A. releasing B. fetching C. hunting D. spotting 28. A. sharp B. smooth C. colorful D. flat 29. A. testing out B. attending to C. relying on D. looking for 30. A. immediately B. deliberately C. desperately D. quietly 31. A. submitted B. examined C. narrowed D. extended 32. A. realized B. guaranteed C. recalled D. seized 33. A. remote B. green C. bare D. damp 34. A. channels B. distributions C. locations D. profiles 35. A. detective B. friend C. hiker D. stranger 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述Rene Compean在洛杉矶国家森林公园迷路得到好心陌生人的帮助最后得救的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在去年4月挑战了一条新的道路后，这位45岁的机械师迷失了方向。A. random随意的；B. new新的；C. dusty多灰尘的；D. straight直的。根据上文“Rene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest”可知，Rene Compean对洛杉矶国家森林公园并不陌生。但是去年4月迷路了，可以推测出是挑战了“新的”线路。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天色渐暗，他的担心变成了恐惧。A. shock震惊；B. puzzle迷惑；C. fear恐惧；D. sadness伤心。根据后文“two mountain lions and a bear”可知，丛林中晚上很危险，所以Rene是害怕“恐惧”起来。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Compean爬到一个只有一格信号的地方。A. signal信号；B.trunk树桩；C. light灯；D. stick棍。此句中“one bar of”是指“一格”，常用于指手机“信号”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迷路了。救命。我的手机快没电了。A. abandon抛弃；B. sustain维持；C. break折断；D. die死机、电量耗尽。前文提到“one bar of ”可知，信号量只有一格，而且徒步了一天，手机很有可能是没电了。D选项die可表示“停止运作”，即手机没法儿用了，符合句意。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：照片显示，他的腿被无边无际的岩石和植物包围着。A. text短信；B. video视频；C. shot照片、拍摄；D. blog博客。根据上文“He texted the police, attaching a photo showing where he was”中的photo可知，此处也用于表示“照片”，shot作名词时有该意义，为同义替换。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Compean所能做的就是等待和希望。A. sleep睡觉；B. hope希望；C. starve挨饿；D.correspond通信。根据上文“He texted the police”可知，Compean在向警察求助后手机没电了，自己又迷路了，所以只能默默等待，“希望”警察收到了自己的消息。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在发现两头美洲狮和一头熊后，他在身边放了一根大棍子和一些锋利的石头，以防有动物靠近。A. releasing释放；B.fetching取回；C. hunting捕猎；D. spotting发现。根据下文“he kept a big stick and some ____ rocks beside him in case an animal came close”可知，Compean是远远地“发现了”这些野兽，想要及时保护自己。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在发现两头美洲狮和一头熊后，他在身边放了一根大棍子和一些锋利的石头，以防有动物靠近。A. sharp锋利的；B. smooth平滑的；C. colorful多姿多彩的；D. flat平的。根据上文“two mountain lions and a bear”可知，Compean看到了美洲狮和熊这类凶猛的野兽，所以拿了一根棍子和石头来保护自己，A项意为“锋利的”，符合常识，用锋利的石头和棍子对抗野兽。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现年47岁的Kuo在科技行业工作，总是喜欢寻找照片的拍摄地。A. testing out测试；B. attending to处理；C. relying on依赖；D. looking for寻找。根据后文“He’s got to be on the south side because there’s not really any ____ valleys on the north side ”可知，Kuo是在“寻找”照片的拍摄地。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他看到推特上发布的Compean腿的照片时，他立即调出了一张卫星地图。A. immediately立即；B. deliberately故意地；C. desperately绝望地；D. quietly安静地。根据上文“When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter”以及语境可知，Kuo一看到图就大概知道在哪里，所以“立即”调出一张卫星图。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知Compean的车停在巴克霍恩露营地附近后，他把搜索范围缩小到了周边地区。A. submitted提交；B. examined检查；C. narrowed缩小；D. extended延长。根据下文“after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground”可知，Compean一定是从那开始徒步，于是Kuo可以把搜索范围“缩小”到附近区域。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在将其与卫星地图进行比较后，Kuo意识到一些事情。A. realized意识到；B. guaranteed保证；C. recalled回忆；D.seized抓住。根据下文“He’s got to be on the south side because there’s not really any ____ valleys on the north side”可知，Kuo在对比地图后，得出的是科学的结论，所以是“意识到”这件事。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一定在南侧，因为北侧并没有真正的绿色山谷。A. remote遥远的；B. green绿色的；C. bare裸露的；D. damp潮湿的。根据上文“his legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants”可知，他的脚边都是岩石和无穷无尽的绿植，所以这里指“绿色”山谷。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个发现加强了他的搜索，最终匹配到了合适的地点！A. channels渠道；B. distributions分布；C. locations地点；D. profiles简介。结合文意可知，Kuo一直在缩小范围，想要找到Compean的位置，由句中“finally”可知，这里指匹配到了迷路的“地点”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果一个拥有强大卫星技术和善于发现细节的陌生人没有采取行动，Compean的故事可能会有非常不同的结局。A. detective侦探；B. friend朋友；C. hiker徒步者；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文“Kuo, who works in the technology industry”可知，Kuo只是一个喜欢拍照的科技工作人员，对于Compean来说其实就是一个“陌生人”。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s traditional tea-making was added on Tuesday to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The item “Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China” ___36___ (pass) the examination at the 17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee. China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list, ___37___ (continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world. The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist ___38___ knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the ___39___ (manage) of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking, and sharing of tea. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. ___40___ (base) on natural conditions and local customs, Chinese tea producers have developed six ___41___ (category) of tea: green, yellow, dark, white, oolong and black. Besides, there are other varieties, ___42___ contain flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea products. The traditional tea making techniques are ___43___ (main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices, however, ___44___ (spread) throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups. Tea is popular in Chinese people’s daily life, served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few. ____45____ is also an important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices. 【答案】36. passed 37. continuing 38. of 39. management 40. Based 41. categories 42. which 43. mainly 44. are spread 45. It 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录这一事件，介绍了中国传统的茶的种类、制作技艺、习俗和重要意义。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗”项目通过联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第17届常会评审。空处作句子的谓语，结合上一句中的“was added”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填passed。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国共有43项非物质文化遗产列入名录，继续成为世界上被列入非物质文化遗产最多的国家。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用continue的现在分词形式。故填continuing。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。动词短语consist of意为“由……组成，包含”。故填of。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、手工加工、饮茶和分享等方面的知识、技艺和习俗。空处作concerning的宾语，空前有定冠词the，manage的名词形式management符合题意，意为“管理”，是不可数名词。故填management。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，固定短语be based on意为“以……为基础”，因此用过去分词based作方式状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Based。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶叶生产者开发了六种茶：绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。空处作developed的宾语，空前有six，category“种类，类别”应用复数形式。故填categories。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此外，还有其他品种，其中包含花茶，以及2000多种茶产品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词varieties作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统的制茶技艺主要集中在中国的四大茶区。空处修饰动词concentrated，应用副词mainly，意为“主要地”，作状语。故填mainly。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，相关的习俗在全国各地传播，并由多个民族群体共享。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，spread“传播”和主语practices之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are spread。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：它也是社交和婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分。空处作主语，结合前后文可知，空处指代前一句中提到的Tea，应用代词it，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，应邀参加一个与外籍学生的交流活动，并就高中学校开设学生职业生涯规划课程的重要性进行发言。请你写一份发言稿，内容包括： 1. 你的观点及理由； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：职业生涯规划课程 career planning courses Dear friends, My name is Li Hua. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 【答案】 Dear friends, My name is Li Hua. I’m thrilled to speak on the significance of career planning courses in high schools. Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them towards a fulfilling future. It also enables them to make informed decisions on their academic path and potential career options. Therefore, I strongly suggest incorporating it into compulsory courses. This could be done through workshops, seminars, and guest speakers, offering students valuable information and guidance throughout their academic journey. I’m confident that the course will benefit students in their future endeavors. Thank you for your listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生应邀参加一个与外籍学生的交流活动，并就高中学校开设学生职业生涯规划课程的重要性进行发言，要求考生按照要求写一份发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→ excited 重要性：significance→ importance 帮助：help→ assist 理解：understand→ comprehend 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m thrilled to speak on the significance of career planning courses in high schools. 拓展句：It is thrilled for me to speak on the significance of career planning courses in high schools. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them towards a fulfilling future.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】This could be done through workshops, seminars, and guest speakers, offering students valuable information and guidance throughout their academic journey.（运用了现在分词offering作状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I loved the spelling bee(拼字比赛) so much that every afternoon after school, I would diligently train. However, little did I know that my opponent in the spelling bee would one day become a cherished friend. On Friday morning, I woke up at 6:27. My usual waking time was 7:01, granting me an unexpected thirty-four extra minutes to study. As the best speller in my class, I was determined to win the Meadowbrook Middle School spelling bee and defeat my opponent, Nathan Fortescue. Nathan was a devotee of science and math. He wasn’t really a speller at heart; he was a mathematician. Nathan and I had nothing in common except being good spellers. Besides, he seemed to spell well without much effort. I went to the kitchen and found Dad making breakfast. I told him about the spelling test and my anxiety. He quizzed me on some words, but they were easy for me. Then he asked, “How do you spell ‘argument’?” I confidently replied, “Easy, A-R-G-U-E-M-E-N-T,” without a second thought. Dad shook his head. I didn’t believe him, so I checked the dictionary. When I came back,he said I should thank him because that word might be on the test. As I shut the classroom door, a voice came from the back of the room. “You’re looking a bit pale. I’m afraid you might not make it through the spelling bee,” Nathan said with a smile as he closed a giant book with dancing numbers on its cover. “I bet a literature word will knock you out in the first round,” I replied. Then Ms. Hawking entered the room, explaining the rules—one miss and you are out—and the spelling test began. After four intense rounds, only Nathan and I remained. “Olivia, your word is ‘algorithm’,” Ms. Hawking announced. I had never heard that word before, but I spelt it: “A-L-G-O-R-Y-T-H-M.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ms. Hawking frowned and said that’s incorrect. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, I sobbed when I felt a hand on my arm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Ms. Hawking frowned and said that’s incorrect. My heart sank. I couldn’t believe I had made such a stupid mistake. Nathan, on the other hand, looked confident. He spelled his word correctly and was declared the winner. I felt a mix of disappointment and frustration. But then I forced myself to smile and congratulate Nathan. After all, he had beaten me fair and square. After class, I sobbed when I felt a hand on my arm. I looked up to see Nathan standing there. He said, “Hey, don’t be too sad. It’s just a spelling bee. You’re still a great speller.” I was surprised by his kindness. We started chatting and found that we actually had more in common than we thought. That day, we became friends. We realized that even though we were rivals in the spelling bee, there was no reason we couldn’t be friends outside of it. And from that day on, our friendship grew. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参与拼字比赛的经历，包括与竞争对手Nathan的关系变化，以及通过比赛意外收获友谊的温馨故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Hawking女士皱起眉头说这是不对的。”可知，第一段可描写作者因为拼错了这个单词而输掉了比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“课后，我抽泣了起来此时我感到一只手放在我的胳膊上时。”可知，第二段可描写课后，作者因为输掉了比赛而哭泣时，Nathan前来安慰。在之后的日子里，两人逐渐成为了好朋友。 2.续写线索：作者出现拼写错误——老师宣布Nathan获胜——作者感到失落—— Nathan安慰作者——作者和Nathan成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①击败：beat/defeat ②开始：start/begin ③了解、意识到：realize/become aware of 情绪类 ①失望：disappointment/disenchantment/letdown ②惊讶的：surprised/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1]I couldn’t believe I had made such a stupid mistake.(运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2]We realized that even though we were rivals in the spelling bee, there was no reason we couldn’t be friends outside of it.(运用了that引导宾语从句和even though引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $