Unit 3 The world of Science Developing ideas 课件-2023-2024学年高一下学期英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

必修 第三册 外研 draft declaration experiment lightning fiction metal attach flash v. 起草，草拟 n. 声明，宣告 n. (科学)实验 n. 闪电 n. 虚构的事，想象的事 n. 金属 v. 系，绑；贴 n. 闪光 Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately. conduct scientific entirely gravity account proof procedure v. 传导（热、电） adj. 科学（上）的 adv. 完全地，彻底地 n. 重力，引力 n. 记述，描述 n. 证明，证据 n. 程序，步骤，手续 3 Before reading Look at the pictures and guess who the man is. What do you know about him? Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor. Benjamin Franklin 6 For reference:  As a leader of the Enlightenment, he influenced European scientists.  As a scientist, he was a major figure in the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As an inventor, he was known for the lightning rod, bifocals (双光眼镜), and the Franklin stove, among other inventions. He founded many civic organizations, including the Library Company, Philadelphia's first fire department(费城第一个消防部) and the University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学). Look at the title and the picture. And then answer: 1. What experiment does the picture show? 2. What did the experiment aim to prove? 3. What will the passage talk about? □ Learning to learn An essay title often contains an explicit or implicit question which your essay should focus on answering. For example, the title “Franklin's Experiment: How Much Is True?'' makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay. Now read the passage and find out the answers. While reading Read and finish the tasks as quickly as possible. Read the passage and find out what Franklin's experiment aimed to prove. Franklin's experiment aimed to prove that lightning was a form of electricity. Task 1 P42 2 Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5 Para. 6 Read the passage and match the main ideas with the paragraphs. Task 2 A. The effect of the experiment B. The introduction to Franklin's famous experiment C. Conclusion D. Doubt about Franklin’s experiment E. How the experiment is carried out F. Doubt about other accepted ideas Introduction How the experiment is carried out The effect of the experiment Conclusion Doubt about Franklin’s experiment Doubt about other accepted ideas Experiment The kite experiment Aim Material Procedure Conclusion Fill in the experiment report. To test if lightning was really produced by electricity A kite with a string and a metal key 1. raised a kite with a piece of string tied to it, and a metal key was attached to the string; 2. When a flash of lightning hit the kite, the electricity was conducted through the string to the key; 3. touched the key and got an electric shock Lightning was a form of electricity. Task 3 Long string cross tail metal key Retell Franklin’s experiment according to the picture. Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration. People are amazed at and inspired by Franklin's experiment. Scientists question what really happened in Franklin's experiment. Number the statements to show how people's attitudes towards Franklin's experiment have changed. 2 1 3 Task 4 P44 3 1. What's the meaning of “…if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.” 2. How much is true about the story of this experiment? 3. What is the purpose of the story of Newton? Actually he didn't touch the metal key in the experiment. This experiment took place indeed. The detail about the string and the key is true. But Franklin didn't touch the key in the experiment. Answer the questions. Task 5 To show the accepted story is questioned by the scientists. 2. What is your opinion about the statement “… we should not always believe everything we read or hear - even if it is a great story”? 1. Do you think it matters that Franklin's experiment might not be true? Why? Task 6 P45 2. What is your opinion about the statement “… we should not always believe everything we read or hear - even if it is a great story”? 1. Do you think it matters that Franklin's experiment might not be true? Why? →No. Although it might not be true, we are still inspired by his spirit of scientific exploration. I think the statement is right. From a scientific standpoint, people should stick to the facts and the facts should be proved by experiments and research. A good story is fiction which is often more interesting than the truth. Possible answers: → Yes. In science, facts should be more important than fiction. After reading analyzing, mindmap, summary, retelling 1. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. ① He lay in bed with his head covered. ② John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it. with复合结构“with+宾语(名词/代词) +宾补(v-ed)” 作伴随状语。 他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天。 他蒙着头躺在床上。 约翰收到一份邀请函。工作都完成了，他欣然接受了晚宴的邀请。 此处string与tie为动宾关系，故用v-ed形式。 20 1. We're an international company with offices in Paris, New York, and Sydney. 2. A woman with a baby in a stroller (幼儿推车) was looking at clothes. 3. He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 4. He left the room with the door open. 5. He was asleep with his head on his arms. 6. With so much homework to do, I can't go out. 7. With everything well arranged, he left the office. 8. With blood pouring from his leg, he made it to a nearby house.  状语 定语 名词/代词 副词/形容词/介词短语/ 不定式/V-ed/V-ing with + + with 宾语 宾语补足语 with复合结构 2. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. that引导的宾语从句 along with ①She lost her job when the factory closed, along with hundreds of others. ② Jim, along with his classmates, has seen the film. to mention sb or sth else that is also involved in an action or situation 与……一起；与……同样地 插入语 工厂倒闭时，她和成百上千的其他人一样失去了工作。 吉姆和他的同学一起看了这部电影。 “A along with B” 结构作主语时，谓语动词的形式与A保持一致。类似的短语还有：as well as, together with, rather than等。 富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道，激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 3. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. If 引导虚拟条件状语从句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/might/should have done. If you (follow) my advice yesterday, you would not (make) such a mistake. had followed have made that 引导的宾语从句 die from 死于……；由于……而死(原因常来自外部), 常跟名词 a wound, lack of food, an accident, overwork, some unknown cause... 等连用。 但是科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。 ①The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸。 ②My grandfather died from a heart attack. 我的爷爷死于心脏病。 1. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。 2. 假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。 practice I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend. Franklin's experiment: How much is true? what people's attitude procedures aim conclusion materials amazed & inspired doubtful; but still inspired Critical thinking Retell the passage with the help of graphic organizer. P45 4 Make notes about your understanding of the saying and list supporting details. Work in groups. Explain your understanding of the saying “Seeing is believing”, and then give a talk about it. You may use information in the passage as examples. Organise your talk following the steps below.  Start your talk by explaining how you understand this saying.  Explain why you think this way. Use the notes you have made to support your ideas.  End your talk by summarising your points. Give your talk to the class. P45 4 Discussion 28 1. What qualities do you think a great scientist should have? P45 2. In what ways do scientists contribute to society? A great scientist should have more than one good quality, such as being smart, honest, objective, persistent, brave, creative, and imaginative... Possible answers Firstly, scientific discoveries promote the development of our society. Secondly, the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span. Thirdly, scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards. Conclusion Now 2 minutes to test our spelling. Spelling Bee 1. English-Chinese draft fiction string conduct scientific gravity entirely 2. Chinese- English 声明，宣告 系，绑；贴 传导（热、电） 激发，鼓励 记述，描述 证明,证据 When finishing, exchange to see who does the best. 1.放风筝 2.电的一种形式　 3.数代人 4.叹服于…… 5.把……系到……上 6.与……一起；与……同样地　 7.一道闪电 8.死于触电　 9.打在某人的头上 fly a kite a form of electricity more than one generation be amazed by tie...to... along with a flash of lightning die from the electric shock hit sb. on the head Individual activity 34 1. Could you turn the TV down a little? Your dad is d_________ a report in his study. 2. Many e__________ will have to be done before scientists can give a clear answer to this question. 3. Our uncle, Robert, gave us a detailed a_________ of what he had done in China over dinner. 4. Unlike plastics, most of the metals can c________ heat or electricity. 5. All the researchers need to be patient, for the entire p_________ can take three to five years to complete. Ⅰ.根据首字母提示写出单词的正确形式。 rafting xperiments ccount onduct rocedure Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. To prove if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else, Franklin did an experiment by using a kite with a piece of string 1.______ (tie) to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. When Franklin touched the key with his finger, he got an electric shock, 2._______ proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years, the story of Franklin's lightning experiment 3._________ (teach) to children to inspire them to look for the truth through 4.________ (science) experiments. However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are 5._________ (entire) true, because if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died 6._________ the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want 7.__________(establish) the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton‘s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity, because there is no 8._______ (prove) that the falling apple hit him on 9.________ head. In science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear - even if it 10. _____ (be) a great story. Ⅱ. 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 tied which has been taught scientific entirely from to establish proof the is 36 1. What do you know about Franklin? 2. Can you describe Franklin's kite experiment? 3. How did people's attitudes towards Franklin's experiment change? 4. What's your opinion on facts and fiction? Finish the exercises in Learning English. Homework $$