2025年高考备考专题复习高中英语精选专项训练：完形填空议论文

2025高考备考专题复习高中英语精选专项训练：完形填空议论文 名校模拟 （2024·江西九江·一模）If you want to stand out, 10,000 hours of training will take you much further than your natural abilities. Mozart is considered by many as the greatest composer who ever lived. Traditionally, many people 1 outstanding achievements like Mozart’s are due to talent, or even inborn inspiration or 2 . This assumption holds especially true for child prodigies (神童) like Mozart whose music talent 3 the world at the age of six. But looking more 4 at this phenomenon, we find that these individuals actually had to practice countless hours before showing their 5 remarkable talent. In fact, scientists indicate that a prodigy’s training typically 6 at a very early age, with massive time invested in practice. For example, when the six-year-old Mozart toured Europe to 7 his brilliant piano skills, he had already 8 3,500 hours of musical training. If you compare this to other pianists who have practiced for as long, Mozart’s 9 wasn’t all that exceptional. It seems that outstanding abilities come from intensive strict practice 10 natural talents. A study shows the only factor directly 11 the students’ level of achievement was the amount of serious practice time: the most 12 performers had practiced for an average of 10,000 hours, while the least skilled had only 4,000 hours of practice. What’s even more revealing is that there were no 13 : All of the top performers had 14 great efforts to their practice. It seems that no extraordinary talent can 15 without tough practice. 1．A．admit B．assume C．realize D．hope 2．A．motivation B．progress C．fate D．determination 3．A．amazed B．excited C．questioned D．scared 4．A．slowly B．hurriedly C．widely D．closely 5．A．old-fashioned B．so-called C．well-organized D．newly-discovered 6．A．begins B．exists C．ends D．grows 7．A．polish B．spread C．display D．broadcast 8．A．exchanged B．accelerated C．undergone D．missed 9．A．achievement B．ambition C．exploration D．experience 10．A．other than B．rather than C．as well as D．in case of 11．A．putting forward B．adjusted to C．bringing up D．involved in 12．A．aggressive B．ordinary C．energetic D．gifted 13．A．limitations B．principles C．exceptions D．evidences 14．A．devoted B．adapted C．saved D．reduced 15．A．perform B．escape C．suffer D．shine （2024·辽宁锦州·模拟预测）“What do you want to be when you grow up?” When I was a kid, I 16 the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 17 , like an astronaut. Now, as an organizational psychologist, my job is to fix other people’s jobs, and I’ve come to believe that asking youngsters that question does them 18 . My first complaint about the question is that it 19 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 20 depends on what we achieve. So when you are asked what you want to be, it’s not socially 21 to say “A father” or “A mother”, let alone “A person of integrity”. The second 22 is the implication that there is one calling (职业) out there for everyone. Research shows that 23 one leaves students feeling lost and 24 . After all, not everyone has that talent for grand jobs. If you manage to 25 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle (难关) : careers rarely live up to your childhood 26 . In one study, looking for a(n) 27 job left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied with the 28 . As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. It’s clear how expectations 29 our perceived happiness. If you are looking for extreme happiness, you’re bound to be disappointed. Asking kids what they want to be leads them to 30 a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about the different things they might want to do. 16．A．considered B．feared C．explained D．recalled 17．A．average B．humble C．heroic D．romantic 18．A．harm B．good C．wrong D．honour 19．A．forces B．troubles C．commands D．forbids 20．A．status B．experience C．worth D．fame 21．A．rejected B．accurate C．confirmed D．acceptable 22．A．thought B．division C．assumption D．problem 23．A．picking up B．searching for C．praying for D．taking over 24．A．bored B．impatient C．intolerant D．confused 25．A．strengthen B．control C．build D．overcome 26．A．efforts B．struggles C．ambitions D．gains 27．A．ideal B．permanent C．ordinary D．specific 28．A．benefit B．outcome C．solution D．truth 29．A．boost B．contain C．guarantee D．affect 30．A．refuse B．claim C．keep D．ignore （2024·福建福州·模拟预测）I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 31 the toxicity (毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 32 . For instance, I 33 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 34 to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 35 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams. Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 36 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave me 37 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 38 whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 39 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 40 , but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams. Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other passions — writing and editing — and 41 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets about this path. If we do not 42 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents obstacles that 43 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be 44 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 45 the choices you make. 31．A．worried B．changed C．realized D．controlled 32．A．barriers B．shelters C．excuses D．thoughts 33．A．failed B．agreed C．used D．desired 34．A．focused B．shifted C．continued D．happened 35．A．efforts B．challenges C．demands D．choices 36．A．straightforward B．common C．complicated D．rare 37．A．false B．true C．great D．special 38．A．confirm B．appreciate C．accomplish D．distribute 39．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Furthermore 40．A．optimistic B．pessimistic C．energetic D．enthusiastic 41．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably C．uneventfully D．unnecessarily 42．A．come up B．turn up C．set up D．end up 43．A．save B．protect C．prevent D．guard 44．A．comfortable B．attainable C．bearable D．adjustable 45．A．instead of B．in terms of C．by means of D．regardless of （2024·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）David Cote, then CEO of Honeywell, shared the pros and cons of hiring a CEO with experience in the role. Experience can make directors feel more 46 at a candidate, but the question is: Does he or she have the 47 to make a difference? If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. So in many cases, experience is 48 . Are inexperienced CEOs more likely to have hunger than others? If they have no real reputation, they’ll be more likely to be driven to 49 . For example, when Cote was CEO of Honeywell, some leaders said to him they didn’t know if the company could be 50 —and that even if it could be, they weren’t sure whether he was the 51 to do it because he was not their first choice. Those comments just 52 his hunger. He decided to impress them. Does the finding that previous CEO experience can hurt a person’s performance 53 you? An experienced CEO might say, “I am 54 in this work, so I know how to settle it.” Rushing to conclusions tends to 55 an experienced CEO to all facts and opinions. People will 56 act according to their own experience, which is an instinct (天性). So sometimes experience can be a(n) 57 . Rather than a fundamentally necessary factor for a CEO, 58 is simply the icing (糖霜) on the cake. The hunger 59 it. Nobody knows the future. It’s more important to hire somebody eager to 60 things, regardless of their experience. 46．A．annoyed B．generous C．concerned D．relieved 47．A．knowledge B．desire C．doubt D．opinion 48．A．overrated B．offered C．broadened D．ignored 49．A．succeed B．adapt C．quit D．resist 50．A．taken in B．looked into C．given up D．turned around 51．A．settler B．talent C．reporter D．maintainer 52．A．balanced B．controlled C．increased D．spoiled 53．A．shame B．shape C．serve D．shock 54．A．expert B．disappointed C．honest D．engaged 55．A．accustom B．blind C．expose D．attach 56．A．effectively B．unwillingly C．unconsciously D．cautiously 57．A．disadvantage B．reminder C．alternative D．privilege 58．A．openness B．honesty C．experience D．leadership 59．A．limits B．outweighs C．follows D．defines 60．A．bring about B．turn to C．make up D．figure out （2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）If doctors lie, it is surely inexcusable. One of the basic 61 the public have of doctors is honesty. But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors 62 to lying to their patients? Mrs. Walton was in her eighties and 63 to see her husband. “He’s on his way, don’t worry,” I said this to calm her down. But it was a lie. He died two years ago. The truth is that it is a 64 to lie sometimes. Mrs. Walton is one of the dementia (痴呆) sufferers, who lose their memory of 65 events, but hold memories from the distant past. Many of them realize that the past bears little 66 to the present, but are at a loss to explain. They often feel scared that they are 67 by strange people, even when they are with their family. They look at their adult children 68 and wonder who they could be. I have countless families not knowing how to react as their loved one moves back into distant past and they are 69 in the present. And how, as a doctor, does one manage sufferings that come with having no 70 of these patients’ life for the past ten or 20 years? Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate — they are 71 comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed. 72 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional — it is actually kind. That’s not to say that lying to patients with dementia 73 is right. But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning, 74 again and again, that they have lost their beloved ones. It would be an unthinkable cruelness. Sometimes honesty is 75 not the best policy. 61．A．expressions B．expectations C．reputations D．regulations 62．A．objected B．contributed C．admitted D．appealed 63．A．ashamed B．delighted C．nervous D．desperate 64．A．cruelty B．kindness C．pain D．pleasure 65．A．recent B．popular C．distant D．major 66．A．opposition B．connection C．attention D．similarity 67．A．attacked B．isolated C．surrounded D．attracted 68．A．puzzled B．satisfied C．amused D．motivated 69．A．cut off B．thrown away C．put down D．left behind 70．A．knowledge B．control C．imagination D．record 71．A．brief B．constant C．permanent D．secret 72．A．Competing B．Plotting C．Matching D．Mixing 73．A．unnecessarily B．inaccurately C．impatiently D．impolitely 74．A．ahead of time B．in no time C．for the last time D．for the first time 75．A．mostly B．informally C．simply D．finally （2024·湖南·二模）Experts worry that teen texting is out of control. Instead of 76 , Kenny, 16, often 77 with his friends through the night. “You get a(n) 78 ,” explains the teen, who lives in Texas. “When I get a text, I’m itching (渴望) to 79 it even if I want to sleep.” Garcia, a high school senior from Grand Kennedy, has also felt the need to stay constantly 80 . We asked how many texts she sent and received each day. “I don’t know… maybe 1,000?” she answered. “It’s too many to 81 .” Dr. Dowdell, at Villanova University, says that many people expect to be able to 82 anyone at any time. “It’s very 83 , especially to a high school student. But it reduces the time that could be spent studying, exercising, or just relaxing. Another 84 is, there’s no downtime.” And people need to 85 —especially when we have so much to do. So we decided to have Kenny and Garcia do an experiment. These were the 86 : No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either. “Wow, it was completely 87 ,” Kenny joked. Though he was sad and missed his friends at times, he 88 “it had benefits.” 89 texting, he went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. Garcia had an even more 90 result. “I loved it!” she said, “I was hanging out with friends and slept better too.” 76．A．sleeping B．exercising C．reading D．working 77．A．studies B．discusses C．argues D．texts 78．A．power B．urge C．approval D．commitment 79．A．submit to B．feed on C．respond to D．struggle against 80．A．surrounded B．accepted C．connected D．acknowledged 81．A．avoid B．count C．anticipate D．accumulate 82．A．access B．challenge C．consult D．influence 83．A．appealing B．annoying C．frustrating D．encouraging 84．A．benefit B．expectation C．assumption D．concern 85．A．resist B．advance C．concentrate D．pause 86．A．components B．applications C．rules D．options 87．A．painful B．enjoyable C．serious D．helpful 88．A．instructed B．hesitated C．rejected D．admitted 89．A．In spite of B．Instead of C．But for D．Along with 90．A．direct B．depressing C．joyful D．practical （2024·江西南昌·二模）At the 1976 Olympics in Montreal, Romanian gymnast Nadia Comǎneci made history. She performed a routine 91 on the uneven bars (高低杠), scoring a perfect 10. She pursued perfection in her practice, which led to remarkable 92 in the game. Perfectionism is generally appreciated as a good quality. Therefore, it’s not 93 that perfectionism in society has been on the rise for years. And it is more common in certain 94 like top athletes and medical specialists. Perfectionism can be seen as a behavioral 95 . Perfectionists usually set extremely high standards for themselves and others. According to researchers, such behavior is rooted in insecurity. Many perfectionists 96 that if they don’t pay enough attention to 97 , it will hurt their performance. So they 98 their perfectionism even when it’s self-defeating. Aiming for a high degree of success isn’t necessarily 99 as long as you behave reasonably. People with adaptive perfectionism work hard to meet ambitious goals, but are also able to 100 mistakes, changes, and problems that they didn’t anticipate. When encountering barriers, they stay flexible. Maladaptive perfectionism, which involves an intense 101 for others’ approval, and a high level of concern over mistakes, is unhealthy. It tends to 102 individual confidence and affects relationships and overall well-being. To overcome it, it’s crucial to 103 your mindset. Start by being 104 and gaining a broader perspective. Give yourself permission to loosen up a bit on certain matters, enabling you to 105 what truly matters. Transformation can be challenging, but it is indeed attainable. 91．A．randomly B．temporarily C．faultlessly D．repeatedly 92．A．talent B．discoveries C．transformation D．achievements 93．A．interesting B．necessary C．apparent D．surprising 94．A．professions B．experiences C．advertisements D．agreements 95．A．theory B．tendency C．measure D．difficulty 96．A．insist B．confirm C．worry D．regret 97．A．detail B．interaction C．instruction D．recognition 98．A．miss out B．hold onto C．set aside D．rely on 99．A．beneficial B．reliable C．harmful D．significant 100．A．avoid B．tolerate C．identify D．forget 101．A．argument B．competition C．desire D．strategy 102．A．indicate B．weaken C．stress D．inspire 103．A．shift B．adopt C．accept D．strengthen 104．A．realistic B．cautious C．decisive D．helpful 105．A．challenge B．mention C．evaluate D．prioritize （2024·黑龙江·模拟预测）We, a group of psychologists, believe people can gain a sense of meaning from small moments. Just 106 the first butterfly you see after a long winter or the scenery on top of a hill after a fresh hike. We recently set out to better 107 this form of small beauty in studies that involved plenty of participants. Across the studies, we were 108 whether experimental appreciation could be a special 109 meaningfulness. At first, to 110 our idea, we had participants report how they usually 111 their stress. We found that people who managed stress by 112 their appreciation of life's beauty reported that their life was 113 meaningful. Next, we asked participants to rate (评级) various statements, such as "I have a great appreciation of the beauty of life," as well as statements that are 114 to purposes and meaningfulness in life. Our results showed that the more people appreciated their life experiences, the more they felt their 115 was valuable. These confirmed our 116 theory: appreciating small things can make life more meaningful. 117 , in today's society, applying this insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced lifestyles fill the days with goals. We are always 118 . This focus on future outcomes makes it easy for us to 119 what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down and treasure the 120 of everyday things. 106．A．think of B．turn in C．bring up D．leave behind 107．A．recall B．predict C．design D．understand 108．A．curious about B．familiar with C．tolerant of D．skilled in 109．A．response to B．harmony with C．approach to D．standard of 110．A．abandon B．test C．publish D．state 111．A．assessed B．relieved C．suffered D．increased 112．A．taking over B．setting aside C．concentrating on D．making up 113．A．cautiously B．highly C．frequently D．possibly 114．A．relevant B．blind C．accustomed D．sensitive 115．A．theory B．proposal C．appearance D．existence 116．A．popular B．original C．easy D．abstract 117．A．Mistakenly B．Ridiculously C．Officially D．Sadly 118．A．in the way B．out of sight C．on the go D．behind the scenes 119．A．miss B．judge C．notice D．explain 120．A．relationship B．tension C．significance D．expense （2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）It is believed that a typical lion tamer(驯兽师)is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s 121 for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to 122 all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus 123 , the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many 124 , the lion has no choice but to 125 and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in the same 126 as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make 127 ? This upsets me to no 128 because while all the experts are 129   debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the 130 information. The end 131 is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 132 . It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a 133 in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel 134 is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become, take 135 action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. 121．A．merely B．easily C．nearly D．finally 122．A．pick up B．turn down C．focus on D．kick off 123．A．extended B．divided C．limited D．strengthened 124．A．bonds B．notices C．desires D．options 125．A．amuse B．freeze C．escape D．observe 126．A．emotion B．reputation C．generation D．position 127．A．sense B．fun C．way D．progress 128．A．end B．change C．will D．move 129．A．worth B．busy C．nice D．useless 130．A．exchanging B．conflicting C．damaging D．encouraging 131．A．effect B．study C．result D．problem 132．A．defending B．confusing C．weeping D．improving 133．A．chair B．meat C．whip D．hand 134．A．ready B．pleasant C．regretful D．frozen 135．A．orderly B．precise C．rigid D．immediate （2024·江西·二模）Like many young Chinese, Zuo had been raised from a young age to be “a good student”. As long as she followed the rules and worked hard, money and success would naturally followed. Zuo had followed the instructions to the 136 . She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigious college inBeijing. However, when Zuo sent out a sea of job applications , She didn’t just fail to 137 her preferred role; she didn’t receive a single 138 . For Zuo, the failure came as a crushing 139 . Being a high flier, she was emotionally unprepared for such a setback. She struggled with anxiety for months: unable to sleep, 140 by guilt, and feeling compelled to repeatedly apologize to her parents and teachers. But the ordeal (磨难) has left a profound impression on Zuo. The former teacher’s pet has transformed into a passionate 141 of what she calls the ”good student mentality.“ In January, Zuo set up a group on Douban named “Victims of the Good Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passionate following. “Good students” like Zuo tend to be 142 vulnerable (脆弱的) to mental health issues. Successive studies have found that high achievers are more likely to 143 anxiety, depression than the general population. This is because high achievers like Zuo often excessively rely on 144 validation (认可) to support their self-esteem, leaving them unable to cope with setbacks. Over time, students 145 the externa world’s evaluation criteria as their own standard for self-assessment. It’s clear that a diverse range of young people can 146 victim to the “good student mentality.” Luckily, in Chinese education system, there is growing 147 that student anxiety is a serious problem. A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dong, tells that “the good student mentality” is becoming ever more prevalent, with well behaved, introverted children 148 seeking praise and awards as a way to 149 their self esteem. If they fail to meet the school’s incredibly high standards, there’s a risk that it will trigger an emotional 150 .Hence, Zuo recently wrote a welcome message offering new members some advice: “Be kind to yourself; challenge the norms; treat yourself well.“ And, most importantly:” You can be a “bad” kid. 136．A．letter B．limitation C．guidance D．degree 137．A．land B．miss C．occupy D．play 138．A．job B．offer C．application D．response 139．A．blow B．surprise C．expectation D．experience 140．A．impressed B．overwhelmed C．filled D．buried 141．A．supporter B．example C．critic D．expert 142．A．absolutely B．seldom C．less D．particularly 143．A．get rid of B．suffer from C．live up with D．get over 144．A．external B．flexible C．positive D．special 145．A．develop B．adopt C．withdraw D．transform 146．A．avoid B．owe C．fall D．change 147．A．recognition B．concern C．situation D．fear 148．A．openly B．continuously C．hopefully D．anxiously 149．A．rise B．boost C．advance D．upgrade 150．A．breakout B．breakdown C．breakup D．breakthrough （2024·广东佛山·二模）When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex. It was my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped clicking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t 151 one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these 152 tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty 153 ; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. But while the 154 men have realized that they don’t need them, others 155 are spending total fortunes on them. Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 156 , up to £250,000 for a piece. This is 157 . These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra 158 but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your 159 in the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things? If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have 160 when the Japanese discovered how to 161 accurate watches for a five-pound note. Watches are now categorized as “investments”. A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £15,000 to £30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a(n) 162 for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up. But when fashion moves on, the 163 of that £350,000 beauty will 164 find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 165 Timex. 151．A．own B．wear C．choose D．need 152．A．devices B．phones C．watches D．friends 153．A．minds B．wrists C．bags D．hands 154．A．young B．sensitive C．proud D．wise 155．A．regularly B． apparently C．generously D．usually 156．A．prices B．salaries C．operations D．applications 157．A．unexpected B．fashionable C．silly D．reasonable 158．A．functions B．charges C．operations D．applications 159．A．interest B．direction C．courage D．fortune 160．A．come up B．brightened up C．closed down D．moved on 161．A．appreciate B．set C．promote D．make 162．A．toy B．memory C．reward D．invention 163．A．designer B．admirer C．producer D．owner 164．A．originally B．suddenly C．particularly D．constantly 165．A．priceless B．pocket C．childhood D．poor （2024·上海浦东新·三模）More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for 166 periods. The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their 167 spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure (基础设施) as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font, an expert in tourism. “For 168 , the city no longer belongs to them.” In response to this situation, cities have come up with various solutions. For instance, Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek 169 outside of the city center on its official website. “That takes courage, really, to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can to 170 congestion.” But it also proposes a better way, which is called “de-tourism”: sustainable travel tips and 171 schedules for exploring a real Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year. A greater variety of 172 for prospective visitors — ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center — can have the effect of removing them from already crowded landmarks, or 173 short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays 174 the pressure, says Font. ‘If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.” Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the 175 , “We should be asking how we can get tourists to 176 , not how to get them to come for the first time. If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behaviors with ours.” Font says cities could stand to be more 177 about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking. ‘yeah but at what cost…’” He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists — a(n) 178 that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint. 179 tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local products, and spread out to less crowded parts of the city — all productive steps towards more 180 tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents. 166．A．longer B．shorter C．wider D．clearer 167．A．environmental B．national C．economic D．geographic 168．A．locals B．tourists C．visitors D．cleaners 169．A．transports B．accommodation C．restaurants D．service 170．A．cause B．fuel C．transfer D．ease 171．A．separate B．individual C．alternative D．objective 172．A．reform B．guidance C．invitation D．support 173．A．convincing B．discouraging C．promoting D．enjoying 174．A．release B．enhance C．remove D．relieve 175．A．culture B．knowledge C．entertainment D．ability 176．A．go with B．bring up C．come back D．lay off 177．A．selective B．optimistic C．curious D．doubtful 178．A．distinction B．harmony C．association D．comparison 179．A．French B．Japanese C．Spanish D．German 180．A．comfortable B．complex C．temporary D．sustainable 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要通过讨论和分析莫扎特等天才的例子，来论证一个观点，即出色的能力并非仅来源于天赋，而是需要大量的严格练习。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统上，许多人认为像莫扎特这样的杰出成就是由于天赋，甚至是天生的灵感或命运。A. admit承认；B. assume认为；C. realize认识到；D. hope希望。根据前文“Mozart is considered by many as the greatest composer who ever lived.”可知，莫扎特被许多人认为是有史以来最伟大的作曲家，所以许多人认为像莫扎特这样的杰出成就是由于天赋。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：传统上，许多人认为像莫扎特这样的杰出成就是由于天赋，甚至是天生的灵感或命运。A. motivation动机；B. progress进展；C. fate命运；D. determination决心。根据前文“due to talent, or even inborn inspiration or”可知，空处和talent以及inborn inspiration并列，结合选项，应是“fate命运”符合语境。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种假设对于像莫扎特这样的神童来说尤其正确，他的音乐天赋在6岁时就让世界惊叹不已。A. amazed使惊奇；B. excited使兴奋；C. questioned质询；D. scared使害怕。根据后文“the world at the age of six.”可知，6岁展现的天赋应是让世界惊叹不已。故选A项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但仔细观察这一现象，我们发现这些人实际上必须练习无数个小时才能展示他们所谓的非凡才能。A. slowly缓慢地；B. hurriedly匆匆忙忙地；C. widely广泛地；D. closely紧密地。根据后文“we find that these individuals actually had to practice countless hours before showing their 　　　　5　　　　 remarkable talent.”可知，发现了一个结论，应是仔细观察这一现象才可以得出。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但仔细观察这一现象，我们发现这些人实际上必须练习无数个小时才能展示他们所谓的非凡才能。A. old-fashioned过时的；B. so-called所谓的；C. well-organized有序的；D.  newly-discovered新发现的。根据主语“these individuals”可知，这些人指的是前文提到的神童，所以应是他们“所谓的非凡才能”符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，科学家指出，神童的训练通常在很小的时候就开始了，并投入了大量的时间在练习上。A. begins开始；B. exists存在；C. ends结束；D. grows生长。根据后文“with massive time invested in practice”可知，投入了大量的时间在练习上，所以是训练很早就开始了。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当6岁的莫扎特在欧洲巡回演出以展示他卓越的钢琴技巧时，他已经接受了3500小时的音乐训练。A. polish润饰；B. spread传播；C. display展示；D. broadcast广播。根据前文“when the six-year-old Mozart toured Europe”以及后文“his brilliant piano skills,”可知，莫扎特在欧洲巡回演出，应是展示他卓越的钢琴技巧。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当6岁的莫扎特在欧洲巡回演出以展示他卓越的钢琴技巧时，他已经接受了3500小时的音乐训练。A. exchanged交换；B. accelerated加速；C. undergone经受；D. missed错过。根据前文“In fact, scientists indicate that a prodigy’s training typically 　　　　6　　　　 at a very early age, with massive time invested in practice.”可知，童的训练通常在很小的时候就开始了，并投入了大量的时间在练习上，所以此处应是已经接受了3500小时的音乐训练。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你把他和其他练习了这么久的钢琴家相比，莫扎特的成就并不是那么特别。A. achievement成就；B. ambition雄心；C. exploration探索；D. experience经验。根据前文“If you compare this to other pianists who have practiced for as long”可知，和其他练习了这么久的钢琴家相比，应是莫扎特的成就并不是那么特别。故选A项。 10．考查介词短语辨析。句意：似乎优秀的能力来自密集严格的练习，而不是天生的才能。A. other than除了…以外；B. rather than而不是；C. as well as以及；D. in case of万一。根据前文“If you compare this to other pianists who have practiced for as long, Mozart’s 　　　　9　　　　 wasn’t all that exceptional.”可知，和其他练习了这么久的钢琴家相比，莫扎特的成就并不是那么特别，所以优秀的能力来自密集严格的练习，而不是天生的才能。故选B项。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一项研究表明，与学生成绩水平直接相关的唯一因素是认真练习的时间：最有天赋的人平均练习10000小时，而技能最差的人只有4000小时。A. putting forward 提出；B. adjusted to调整；C. bringing up养育；D. involved in涉及。根据后文“the most 　　　　12　　　　 performers had practiced for an average of 10,000 hours, while the least skilled had only 4,000 hours of practice.”可知，最有天赋的人平均练习10000小时，而技能最差的人只有4000小时，所以设计学生成绩水平的唯一因素是认真练习的时间。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项研究表明，与学生成绩水平直接相关的唯一因素是认真练习的时间：最有天赋的人平均练习10000小时，而技能最差的人只有4000小时。A. aggressive侵略性的；B. ordinary普通的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. gifted有天赋的。根据后文“while the least skilled had only 4,000 hours of practice.”可知，此处是在和技能最差的人作对比，所以应是最有天赋的人。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更能说明问题的是，无一例外：所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力。A. limitations局限性；B. principles原则；C. exceptions例外；D. evidences证据。根据后文“All of the top performers had 　　　　14　　　　 great efforts to their practice.”可知，所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力，所以是无一例外。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更能说明问题的是，无一例外：所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力。A. devoted投入；B. adapted适应；C. saved拯救；D. reduced减少。根据前文“the most 　　　　12　　　　 performers had practiced for an average of 10,000 hours, while the least skilled had only 4,000 hours of practice.”可知，越有天赋的人，投入练习越多，所以应是所有的顶尖选手都在练习中付出了巨大的努力。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎没有刻苦的练习，就没有非凡的才能。A. perform执行；B. escape逃跑；C. suffer遭受；D. shine显身手。根据后文“without tough practice”可知，没有刻苦的练习，就不能显示出非凡的才能。故选D项。 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。询问孩子长大之后想成为什么对孩子有害。文章论述了三方面的害处。作者建议，邀请孩子想想他们可能想做的其他事情。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我是个孩子时，我害怕这个问题。A. considered考虑；B. feared害怕；C. explained解释；D. recalled回想起。根据下文中的“Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 　　　2　　　, like an astronaut.”可知，成年人对作者的回答总是感到失望。所以作者很害怕被问到这个问题。他的回答让成年人不满意。故选B。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大人们似乎总是非常失望，因为我没有梦想成为伟大或英雄的人物，比如宇航员。A. average平均的；B. humble谦虚的；C. heroic英雄的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据下文中的“like an astronaut”可知，宇航员属于伟大的或英雄般的人物。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，现在，作为一名组织心理学家，我的工作是修复其他人的工作，我开始相信，向年轻人提出这个问题对他们有害。A. harm伤害；B. good益处；C. wrong坏事；D. honor荣誉。根据下文中的“My first complaint about the question”可知，作者对这个问题心存抱怨。由此推知，这个问题对孩子们来说并不好，对他们会造成伤害。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对这个问题的第一个抱怨是，它迫使孩子们用工作来定义自己。A. forces迫使；B. troubles使烦恼；C. commands命令；D. forbids禁止。结和上一题的解析和空前的“My first complaint about the question”可知，这个问题对孩子们有害。当问孩子们长大之后的梦想的时候，孩子们就被迫从工作角度来定义自己。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么我们的价值就取决于我们的成就。A. status地位；B. experience经历，经验；C. worth价值；D. fame名声。根据上文“If we define ourselves by our jobs”可以推知，如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么，我们在工作中取得的成就决定了我们个人价值。工作好，成就高，个人价值就高。反之，工作不好，成就低，个人价值就低。故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当你被问到你想成为什么样的人时，说“一个父亲”或“一个母亲”是不被社会接受的，更不用说“一个正直的人”了。A. rejected被拒绝的；B. accurate精确的；C. confirmed坚定的，被证实的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文“it 　　　4　　　 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 　　　5　　　 depends on what we achieve.”可知，当用工作来定义一个人的时候，个人价值取决于个人成就。所以，诸如“成为一个父亲”、“成为一个母亲”、或“成为一个正直的人”这样和工作毫无关系的回答显然是不符合期望，不被接受的。故选D。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个问题是，这暗示着每个人都有一个使命。A. thought想法，思想；B. division除法，分配；C. assumption假设，认为；D. problem问题。结合上文中的“My first complaint about the question”和下文中的“If you manage to 　　　10　　　 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle”可知，第二、三、四段探讨的都是问孩子长大后要成为什么人产生的害处。因此，该空应该选择一个贬义词，表示询问孩子这个问题产生的问题或害处。故选D。 23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. picking up捡起；B. searching for寻找，搜寻；C. praying for祈求，恳求；D. taking over接管。根据下文中的“not everyone has that talent for grand jobs”可知，对伟大使命的寻求会让学生感到迷惑。故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. bored厌烦的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. intolerant无法忍受的；D. confused困惑的。该空和lost并列，意思应该和lost接近。结合上题解析，可知，对伟大使命的寻求让学生迷失和困惑。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. strengthen增强；B. control控制；C. build建造；D. overcome克服。根据空前的“manage to”和后面的“there is a third hurdle”可知，该处应该指即使你可以克服前面提到的两个障碍，还有一个障碍你无法克服。故选D。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. efforts努力；B. struggles奋斗，难事；C. ambitions野心，雄心；D. gains收益。根据前文提到的问题“What do you want to be when you grow up?”可知，孩子们小时候经常被问到自己长大后的理想。但是长大之后做的职业很难实现童年地理想，即童年的雄心壮志。故选C。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。 A. ideal理想的；B. permanent永久的；C. ordinary普通的； D. specific特定的，明确的。根据后面的“left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied”可知，大四学生都想找一份理想的工作。但是找理想的工作不容易，所以他们焦虑，不满意。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。A. benefit益处，好处；B. outcome结果；C. solution解决办法； D. truth真相，事实。根据前文的“careers rarely live up to your childhood 　　　11　　　”可知，大四学生找不到理想工作，无法实现童年的梦想，学生们对这样的结果感到焦虑，不满意。故选B。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，期望会影响我们的幸福感。A. boost推动，使增长；B. contain包含，抑制；C. guarantee保证，确保；D. affect影响。根据上文中的“happiness is reality minus expectations”可知，现实总是和期望有差距的。因此，期望值过高，实现不了，就会影响幸福感。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：问孩子他们想成为什么，会让他们获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。A. refuse拒绝；B. claim获得，声称，索要；C. keep保持；D. ignore忽略，忽视。上文介绍了问“孩子他们想成为什么”这个问题所产生的的三方面的危害。由此推知，问孩子这个问题会导致孩子获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。该空和后面的earn一致。故选B。 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了作者随着年龄的增长，意识到名人演讲传递了错误的思想，暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我意识到这种观念背后的害处。A. worried担心；B. changed改变；C. realized意识到；D. controlled控制。根据上文“I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.”(我曾经发现，当名人鼓励人们“追逐梦想”时，颁奖典礼上的演讲很鼓舞人心)”以及后文“the toxicity behind this notion”指作者开始意识到这种观念背后的害处。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各种各样的障碍，追求我们的梦想并不总是容易的。A. barriers障碍；B. shelters避难所；C. excuses借口；D. thoughts想法。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams is not always easy”可知，追求梦想不容易是因为各种障碍的原因。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我想成为一名歌手，但缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。A. failed失败；B. agreed同意；C. used使用；D. desired渴望。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams”以及后文“to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows”指作者想要成为歌手，但是缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. focused集中；B. shifted转换，变成；C. continued继续；D. happened发生。根据后文“to becoming a manga editor”指作者成为歌手的梦想，变成了成为漫画编辑。故选B。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. efforts努力；B. challenges挑战；C. demands要求；D. choices选择。后文“like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams”语言障碍、旅行费用和难考是作者面临的挑战。故选B。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。A. straightforward直接的；B. common共同的；C. complicated复杂的；D. rare少有的。根据上文“Though there is hope”中though表示转折，说明尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。故选D。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个曾经雄心勃勃的人，这些“追逐你的梦想”的演讲给了我虚假的希望。A. false虚假的；B. true真的；C. great伟大的；D. special特别的。上文提到实现梦想的人仍然很少，所以此处指演讲给了作者虚假的希望，故选A。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我反对这样的名人演讲，因为他们暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。A. confirm确认；B. appreciate感激；C. accomplish实现；D. distribute分配。根据后文“whatever they desire simply by wishing for it”指名人演讲暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。故选C。 39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现实告诉我们并非如此。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Furthermore此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是要悲观，而是要现实一点。A. optimistic乐观的；B. pessimistic消极的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“but rather realistic”可知，作者这么说是出于现实，而不是悲观。故选B。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我还发现了其他的爱好——写作和编辑——并出人意料地在大学里把它们作为职业来追求。A. unexpectedly意外地；B. unavoidably不可避免地；C. uneventfully太平无事地；D. unnecessarily不必要地。根据后文“pursued them as a career through college”可知，指作者把写作和编辑意外作为职业追求。故选A。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们没有完全到达我们想要到达的地方，那也没关系。A. come up接近；B. turn up出现；C. set up建立；D. end up结束。根据后文“exactly where we want to be, it is alright”可知，此处指道路最后没能让作者最终到达想要到达的地方，故选D。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活有时会出现障碍，阻止我们为未来选择第一偏好。A. save挽救；B. protect保护；C. prevent阻止；D. guard守卫。根据上文“Life sometimes presents obstacles”指障碍会阻止人们为未来选择第一偏好。故选C。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的梦想可能并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。A. comfortable舒服的；B. attainable可获得的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. adjustable可调节的。根据后文“but that does not mean good things are not in store for us”中but表示转折，说明梦想并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。故选B。 45．考查介词短语辨析。句意：不要失去希望，因为不管你做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。A. instead of而不是；B. in terms of就……而言；C. by means of通过；D. regardless of不管。根据上文“for you have a bright future ahead”以及后文“the choices you make”指不管做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。故选D。 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B 56．C 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨的是关于CEO经验对公司的影响，相较于CEO的经验，渴望成功的愿望更为重要。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，但问题是：他或她是否有改变现状的愿望？A. annoyed生气的；B. generous慷慨的；C. concerned担心的；D. relieved放心的。根据上文的“David Cote, then CEO of Honeywell, shared the pros and cons of hiring a CEO with experience in the role. ”可知，具有职位经验对于首席执行官从事相应工作有利又有弊，则空格所在句讲述的是“好处”，即经验可以让董事对候选人更放心。故选D项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，但问题是：他或她是否有改变现状的愿望？A. knowledge知识；B. desire愿望；C. doubt怀疑；D. opinion观点。根据下文的“If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. ”可知，如果他们没有这种愿望，他们就不会深入研究事物。此处需要填入hunger的同义词，表示“愿望”。故选B项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在很多情况下，经验被高估了。A. overrated高估；B. offered提供； C. broadened拓宽；D. ignored忽视。根据上文的“If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. ”可知，如果他们没有这种愿望，他们就不会深入研究事物，因此在很多情况下，具有某一职位的经验的作用被高估了。故选A项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们没有真正的声誉，他们将更有可能被驱使去成功。A. succeed 成功；B. adapt使适应；C. quit放弃；D. resist抵制。根据下文的“He decided to impress them.”可知，他决定给他们留下深刻印象，因此在没有真正的声誉的时候，他们将更有可能被驱使去取得成功，第一段中的“make a difference”也是提示词。故选A项。 50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，当Cote担任Honeywell的首席执行官时，一些领导人对他说，他们不知道公司能否扭转颓势——即使可以扭转颓势，他们也不确定他是否有能力扭转颓势，因为他不是他们的首选。A. taken in吸收，欺骗；B. looked into调查；C. given up放弃；D. turned around(使)转身，(使)好转。根据下文的“because he was not their first choice”可知，一些领导者不知道公司能否被他扭转颓势，从而变好。故选D项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当Cote担任Honeywell的首席执行官时，一些领导人对他说，他们不知道公司能否扭转颓势——即使可以扭转颓势，他们也不确定他是否有能力扭转颓势，因为他不是他们的首选。A. settler 定居者；B. talent有才能的人；C. reporter记者；D. maintainer维修者。根据“because he was not their first choice”可知，一些领导者认为他不是他们的首选，因此不确定他是不是那个有能力扭转颓势的人。故选B项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些评论只会增加他的渴望。A. balanced 平衡；B. controlled控制；C. increased增加；D. spoiled破坏，宠坏。根据下文的“He decided to impress them.”可知，他决定给他们留下深刻印象，因此那些评论增加了他对成功的渴望。故选C项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前做CEO的经验会对一个人的表现有不良影响，这一发现是否让你感到震惊？A. shame使害羞；B. shape塑造；C. serve服务；D. shock震惊。根据上文的“Experience can make directors feel more...at a candidate”可知，经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，因此传统观点认为经验是好东西，而作为对比，此处提出了一个问题，即以前的经验会对一个人的表现产生不良影响，这会让人感到震惊吗？故选D项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位有经验的CEO可能会说：“我做这项工作是有经验的，所以我知道如何解决它。”A. expert有经验的；B. disappointed失望的；C. honest真诚的；D. engaged被占用的。根据“so I know how to settle it.”可知，有经验的CEO可能会认为他（她）做这项工作是有经验的。故选A项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官对所有事实和观点失去判断力。A. accustom使习惯；B. blind使失明，使失去判断力；C. expose揭露，使面临；D. attach系，贴。根据上文的“previous CEO experience can hurt a person’s performance”可知，以前做CEO的经验会对一个人的表现有不良影响，因此急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官失去判断力。故选B项。 56．考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们会不自觉地根据自己的经验行事，这是一种天性。A. effectively有效地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. unconsciously无意识地；D. cautiously小心地。根据“which is an instinct”可知，人们会无意识地根据自己的经验行事。故选C项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以有时候经验是不利的。A. disadvantage劣势；B. reminder提醒；C. alternative选择；D. privilege特权。根据“Rushing to conclusions tends to...an experienced CEO to all facts and opinions.”可知，急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官对所有事实和观点失去判断力，所以有时候经验可能是一个劣势。故选A项。 58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花。A. openness开明；B. honesty真诚；C. experience经验；D. leadership领导。根据上文的“So sometimes experience can be a(n)...”可知，有时候经验可能是一个劣势，因此对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花的。故选C项。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：愿望压倒了它。A. limits限制；B. outweighs胜过，超过； C. follows跟随；D. defines下定义。根据上文的“Rather than a fundamentally necessary factor for a CEO,...is simply the icing on the cake. ”可知，对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花，因此为做好CEO，成功的愿望需要胜过经验。故选B项。 60．考查动词短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，雇佣那些渴望有所作为的人，而不管他们的经验如何。A. bring about导致，带来； B. turn to转向，求助于； C. make up构成，编造； D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文的“The hunger...it.”可知，愿望胜过经验，因此更重要的是，雇佣那些渴望有所作为的人，而不管他们的经验如何，“bring about things”意为“让事情发生或产生结果”，与句子语境相符。故选A项。 61．B 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．A 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．A 71．A 72．B 73．A 74．D 75．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了医生在面对痴呆患者时是否应该说谎的问题。作者指出，尽管医生对患者撒谎可能违背诚实原则，但在某些情况下，为了减轻病人的痛苦，适当的谎言是必要的。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众对医生的基本期望之一是诚实。A. expressions表达；B. expectations期望；C. reputations名声；D. regulations规定。根据上文“If doctors lie, it is surely inexcusable.”和下文“the public have of doctors is honesty”可知，医生撒谎是不可原谅的，所以公众对医生的基本期望之一是诚实。故选B。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果我告诉你，研究表明70%的医生承认对病人撒谎，你会怎么想？ A. objected反对；B. contributed贡献；C. admitted承认；D. appealed吸引。根据转折连词“But”和下文“Mrs. Walton was in her eighties and 3 to see her husband. “He’s on his way, don’t worry,” I said this to calm her down. But it was a lie. He died two years ago. The truth is that it is a 4 to lie sometimes.”可推知，公众的期望与现实并不一致，很多医生都承认对病人撒过谎，作者在后文也承认自己对病人说谎。故选C。 63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沃尔顿夫人八十多岁了，非常想见她的丈夫。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. delighted高兴的；C. nervous紧张的；D. desperate渴望的。根据下文“He’s on his way, don’t worry”可知，作者不得不对沃尔顿夫人说谎，可推测出说谎的原因是她非常想见她的丈夫。故选D。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有时说谎是一种善行。A. cruelty残忍；B. kindness善行；C. pain疼痛；D. pleasure高兴。根据上文““He’s on his way, don’t worry,” I said this to calm her down. But it was a lie. He died two years ago.”可知，沃尔顿夫人的丈夫已经去世两年了，所以作者说她丈夫正在来的路上是一种善意的撒谎，是一种善行。故选B。 65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沃尔顿夫人是一名痴呆症患者，她对最近发生的事情失去了记忆，但对遥远的过去却有记忆。A. recent最近的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. distant遥远的；D. major主要的。根据连词“but”可知，上下文之间是转折关系。下文“but hold memories from the distant past”说痴呆症患者保留了对遥远过去的记忆，上文说他们失去了短期和对近期事件的记忆，构成转折关系。故选A。 66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人意识到过去与现在没有什么联系，但却无法解释。A. opposition反对；B. connection连接，联系；C. attention注意力；D. similarity相似。根据下文“They often feel scared that they are 7 by strange people, even when they are with their family. They look at their adult children 8 and wonder who they could be.”可知，痴呆症患者即使和家人在一起，也不知道这些人是谁。他们无法把过去和现在联系起来。故选B。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常害怕被陌生人包围，即使他们和家人在一起。A. attacked攻击；B. isolated隔离；C. surrounded包围；D. attracted吸引。根据下文“by strange people, even when they are with their family”可推知，痴呆症患者害怕被陌生的人包围，即使他们和家人在一起，因为他们不认识自己的家人了，把他们也看成陌生人。故选C。 68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们困惑地看着自己的成年子女，想知道他们会是谁。A. puzzled困惑的；B. satisfied满意的；C. amused娱乐的；D. motivated有动机的。根据下文“and wonder who they could be”可知，痴呆症患者的记忆被困在了过去，那时他们的孩子们还很小，所以不认识现在身边的成年子女，会感到困惑。故选A。 69．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我看过无数的家庭，当他们的亲人回到遥远的过去，而他们被留在了现在，他们不知道该如何反应。A. cut off切断；B. thrown away扔掉；C. put down放下；D. left behind被留下。根据上文“their loved one moves back into distant past”可知，痴呆症患者的记忆回到他们遥远的过去，而他们被留在了现在，所以周围没有熟悉的人。故选D。 70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，在过去的10年或20年里，由于对这些病人的生活一无所知，他该如何应对这些痛苦呢？A. knowledge知悉，了解；B. control控制；C. imagination想象；D. record记录。根据下文“of these patients’ life for the past ten or 20 years”可知，痴呆症患者的记忆回到他们的过去，而照顾这些病人的医生或护士不知道他们过去的生活。have no knowledge of“不知道”。故选A。 71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许他可以对他们撒一些不太大也不太复杂的谎——这些谎是为了让他们平静下来，让话题迅速转移的简短安慰。A. brief短暂的；B. constant持续的；C. permanent永恒的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate”和后文“comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed”可知，这些谎言只是短暂的安慰，旨在安抚和让话题迅速转移。故选A。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和他们一起策划这个虚假的现实并不是不专业——实际上是一种善意。A. Competing比赛；B. Plotting谋划，策划；C. Matching匹配；D. Mixing混合。根据上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate”可知，作者认为医生、护士和家属对这些病人说的谎言只是短暂的安慰，旨在安抚和让话题迅速转移，所以大家一起策划了这些谎言，且是善意的行为。故选B。 73．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说对痴呆症患者不必要的撒谎是正确的。A. unnecessarily没有必要地；B. inaccurately不准确地；C. impatiently没有耐心地；D. impolitely不礼貌地。根据上文“12 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional —it is actually kind”可知，医生、护士和家属是谎言是善意的安抚，但这并不是说对痴呆症患者不必要的撒谎是正确的，必须是善意的安抚、避免痴呆症患者过于痛苦的谎言才是可以被接受的。故选A。 74．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是，有哪个善良的人会让另一个人一次又一次地经历失去亲人的难以想象的痛苦呢？A. ahead of time提前；B. in no time立刻；C. for the last time最后一次；D. for the first time第一次。结合后文“again and again, that they have lost their beloved ones”和常识可知，痴呆症患者会不断忘记现在的事情，所以如果告知沃尔顿夫人真相，就相当于让她一次又一次经历失去了亲人的痛苦，所以每一次知道真相对她来说都是“第一次”。“for the first time again and again”是指痴呆患者无数次地重新体验失去亲人的痛苦，仿佛每次都是第一次经历一样。故选D。 75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时候，诚实的确不是上策。A. mostly大多数地；B. informally非正式地；C. simply的确；D. finally最后。根据上文“But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning, 14 again and again, that they have lost their beloved ones. It would be an unthinkable cruelness.”可知，尽管医生对患者撒谎可能违背诚实原则，但在某些情况下，为了减轻病人的痛苦，适当的谎言是必要的。所以文章最后说有时候，诚实的确不是上策。故选C。 76．A 77．D 78．B 79．C 80．C 81．B 82．A 83．A 84．D 85．D 86．C 87．A 88．D 89．B 90．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了青少年过度使用手机发送短信的问题。一些专家担心青少年沉迷于短信交流，甚至在睡觉时间也不停地与朋友发送短信。与此同时，专家提出了实验来解决这个问题。 76．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。A. sleeping睡觉；B. exercising锻炼；C. reading阅读；D. working工作。根据下文“When I get a text, I’m itching (渴望) to ____4____ it even if I want to sleep.”提到即使我想睡觉，由此可推知，此处应表示16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。故选A项。 77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。A. studies学习；B. discusses讨论；C. argues争论；D. texts发短信。根据下文“When I get a text…”由此可知，此处应表示16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。故选D项。 78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你会有一种冲动，”这位住在德克萨斯州的青少年解释说。A. power力量；B. urge冲动；C. approval赞同；D. commitment承诺。根据下文“I’m itching (渴望) to ____4____ it even if I want to sleep.”可知，此处指的是发短信的冲动。故选B项。 79．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我收到一条短信时，即使我想睡觉，我也渴望回复它。A. submit to提交；B. feed on喂养；C. respond to回复；D. struggle against与……斗争。根据上下文语境以及下文“even if I want to sleep”可推知，此处应表示即使我想睡觉，我也渴望回复短信。故选C项。 80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加西亚是大肯尼迪大学的一名高三学生，她也觉得有必要经常保持联系。A. surrounded环绕的；B. accepted可接受的；C. connected联系的；D. acknowledged公认的。根据下文“We asked how many texts she sent and received each day.”以及“It’s too many to 　　6　　.”可推知，此处应表示她也觉得有必要经常保持联系。故选C项。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：太多了，数不清。A. avoid避免；B. count数；C. anticipate预测；D. accumulate积累。根据上文“I don’t know… maybe 1,000?”由此可知，此处应表示发的短信太多了，数不清。故选B项。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉诺瓦大学的道德尔博士说，许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人。A. access接近，获取；B. challenge挑战；C. consult咨询；D. influence影响。根据上文“many people expect to be able to”以及下文“anyone at any time.”可知，此处应表示许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人。故选A项。 83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有吸引力，尤其是对高中生来说。A. appealing有吸引力的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. frustrating受挫折的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据上文提到的许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人，以及下文“especially to a high school student”由此可知，此处应表示这很有吸引力，尤其是对高中生来说。故选A项。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个问题是，没有停机时间。A. benefit益处；B. expectation期待；C. assumption假定；D. concern担心，问题。根据下文“there’s no downtime”由此可知，此处应表示另一个问题是，没有停机时间。故选D项。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们需要停下来，尤其是当我们有很多事情要做的时候。A. resist抵制；B. advance前进；C. concentrate专注于；D. pause停下来。根据下文“especially when we have so much to do”提到当我们有很多事情要做的时候，由此可知，此处应表示人们需要停下来。故选D项。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：规则是这样的：48小时内不能打电话。A. components部件，成分；B. applications应用；C. rules规则；D. options选择。根据下文“No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either.”提到48小时内不能打电话，没有电脑，也没有互联网。可知，此处指的是实验的规则。故选C项。 87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哇，真是太痛苦了，”肯尼开玩笑说。A. painful痛苦的；B. enjoyable享受的；C. serious严重的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文提到的48小时内不能打电话，没有电脑，也没有互联网。以及下文“Though he was sad…”由此可知，此处应表示肯尼觉得这是一件很痛苦的事情。故选A项。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他很伤心，有时会想念他的朋友，但他承认“这也有好处。”A. instructed指导；B. hesitated犹豫；C. rejected拒绝；D. admitted承认。根据上文“Though he was sad and missed his friends at times”以及下文“it had benefits”可知，上下文形成转折关系，由此可推知，此处应表示他承认“这也有好处。”故选D项。 89．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他没有发短信，而是去了健身房以及复习功课。A. In spite of尽管，不管；B. Instead of而不是，相反的是；C. But for要不是；D. Along with与……一起。根据下文“he went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork.”由此可知，此处应表示他没有发短信，而是去了健身房以及复习功课。故选B项。 90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加西亚的结果更令人高兴。A. direct直接的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. joyful高兴的；D. practical实际的。根据下文“I was hanging out with friends and slept better too.”提到和朋友出去玩，睡得也更好了，由此可知，此处应表示加西亚的结果更令人高兴。故选C项。 91．C 92．D 93．D 94．A 95．B 96．C 97．A 98．B 99．C 100．B 101．C 102．B 103．A 104．A 105．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了完美主义通常被认为是一种好品质，社会上的完美主义多年来呈上升趋势，但是研究人员表示，这种行为源于不安全感。指出具有适应性完美主义的人努力工作以实现雄心勃勃的目标，但也能够容忍他们没有预料到的错误、变化和问题。 91．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在高低杠上完美地表演了一个常规动作，得了满分10分。A. randomly随机地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. faultlessly完美地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据后文“scoring a perfect 10”可知，得了满分说明完美地完成了动作。故选C。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在练习中追求完美，这使她在比赛中取得了令人瞩目的成就。A. talent才能；B. discoveries发现；C. transformation变化；D. achievements成就。上文提到她得了满分，结合句中“She pursued perfection in her practice”，可知，她 在比赛中取得了令人瞩目的成就。故选D。 93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，社会上的完美主义多年来呈上升趋势也就不足为奇了。A. interesting有趣的；B. necessary必要的；C. apparent显然的；D. surprising惊人的。根据上文“Perfectionism is generally appreciated as a good quality.(完美主义通常被认为是一种好品质)”可知，社会上的完美主义多年来呈上升趋势也就不足为奇。故选D。 94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这在某些职业中更常见，比如顶级运动员和医学专家。A. professions职业；B. experiences经历；C. advertisements广告；D. agreements协议。后文“like top athletes and medical specialists”主要列举了一些职业。故选A。 95．考查名词词义辨析。句意：完美主义可以被看作是一种行为倾向。A. theory理论；B. tendency趋势；C. measure措施；D. difficulty困难。根据后文“Perfectionists usually set extremely high standards for themselves and others.(完美主义者通常为自己和他人设定极高的标准)”可知，此处指完美主义是一种行为倾向。故选B。 96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多完美主义者担心，如果他们对细节不够注意，就会影响他们的表现。A. insist坚持；B. confirm确认；C. worry担心；D. regret后悔。后文“it will hurt their performance”主要说明了他们的担忧。故选C。 97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多完美主义者担心，如果他们对细节不够注意，就会影响他们的表现。A. detail细节；B. interaction互动；C. instruction指导；D. recognition认出。根据常识，完美主义者注意的是细节，以免影响表现。故选A。 98．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以他们坚持他们的完美主义，即使这是自我挫败。A. miss out错过；B. hold onto坚持；C. set aside搁置；D. rely on依靠。根据后文“their perfectionism even when it’s self-defeating”指完美主义者坚持完美主义。故选B。 99．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只要你的行为合理，追求高度的成功并不一定有害。A. beneficial有益的；B. reliable可靠的；C. harmful有害的；D. significant重要的。对应上文“it’s self-defeating”以及空后“as long as you behave reasonably”可知，此处指只要你的行为合理，追求高度成功并不一定有害。故选C。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有适应性完美主义的人努力工作以实现雄心勃勃的目标，但也能够容忍他们没有预料到的错误、变化和问题。A. avoid避免；B. tolerate忍受，经受住；C. identify认出；D. forget忘记。根据后文“mistakes, changes, and problems that they didn’t anticipate”以及下文“When encountering barriers, they stay flexible.”可知，具有适应性完美主义的人能够容忍他们没有预料到的错误、变化和问题。故选B。 101．考查名词词义辨析。句意：非适应性完美主义是不健康的，它包括对他人认可的强烈渴望，以及对错误的高度关注。A. argument争论；B. competition比赛；C. desire渴望；D. strategy策略。根据上文“Maladaptive perfectionism”以及后文“for others’ approval”可知，不适应的完美主义强烈渴望他人认可。故选C。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它往往会削弱个人信心，影响人际关系和整体幸福感。A. indicate表明；B. weaken削弱；C. stress强调；D. inspire鼓舞。根据后文“and affects relationships and overall well-being”此处是在阐述非适应性完美主义的缺点，它会削弱个人信心，影响人际关系和整体幸福感。故选B。 103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了克服它，转变你的心态是至关重要的。A. shift转移；B. adopt采用；C. accept接受；D. strengthen加强。根据后文“ gaining a broader perspective”以及“Transformation can be challenging, but it is indeed attainable.”可知，要克服这种心态需要转变心态。故选A。 104．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从现实开始，获得更广阔的视野。A. realistic现实的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. decisive果断的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“a high level of concern over mistakes, is unhealthy”可知，改变不适应的完美主义需要从现实开始，降低高水准。故选A。 105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：允许自己在某些事情上放松一下，让自己优先考虑真正重要的事情。A. challenge挑战；B. mention提及；C. evaluate评估；D. prioritize优先考虑。根据后文“what truly matters”此处指优先考虑真正重要的事情。故选D。 106．A 107．D 108．A 109．C 110．B 111．B 112．C 113．B 114．A 115．D 116．B 117．D 118．C 119．A 120．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文，短文论述了欣赏小事可以让生活更有意义，告诫人们我们应该放慢脚步，珍惜日常事物的意义。 106．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：想想你在漫长的冬天后看到的第一只蝴蝶，或者一次徒步旅行后山顶上的风景。A. think of想到，想想；B. turn in上交；C. bring up养育；D. leave behind遗弃。根据下文“the first butterfly you see after a long winter or the scenery on top of a hill after a fresh hike”可知，想想你在漫长的冬天后看到的第一只蝴蝶，或者一次徒步旅行后山顶上的风景。故选A项。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最近开始在涉及大量参与者的研究中更好地理解这种形式的小美。 A. recall回想起；B. predict预测；C. design设计；D. understand理解。根据下文“this form of small beauty in studies”可知，在涉及大量参与者的研究中更好地理解这种形式的小美。故选D项。 108．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些研究中，我们很好奇实验性欣赏是否可以成为一种特殊的有意义的方法。 A. curious about好奇；B. familiar with熟悉；C. tolerant of忍受；D. skilled in技术娴熟。根据下文“whether experimental appreciation could be a special  ____4____  meaningfulness.”可知，我们很好奇。故选A项。 109．考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：在这些研究中，我们很好奇实验欣赏是否可以成为一种特殊的有意义的方法。A. response to回应；B. harmony with和谐；C. approach to……方法；D. standard of……的标准。根据上文“experimental appreciation”可知，好奇的事实验欣赏是否可以成为一种特殊的有意义的方法。故选C项。 110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，为了验证我们的想法，我们让参与者报告他们通常是如何缓解压力的。A. abandon抛弃；B. test测试，验证；C. publish出版；D. state表明。根据下文“we had participants report how they usually  ____6____  their stress.”可知，实验的目的是验证想法。故选B项。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，为了验证我们的想法，我们让参与者报告他们通常是如何缓解压力的。A. assessed评估；B. relieved缓解；C. suffered遭受；D. increased增加。根据下文“We found that people who managed stress by  ____7____  their appreciation of life's beauty reported that their life was  ____8____  ”可知，我们让参与者报告他们通常是如何缓解压力的。故选B项。 112．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们发现，那些通过专注于欣赏生活之美来管理压力的人报告说，他们的生活非常有意义。 A. taking over接管；B. setting aside留出；C.  concentrating on集中；D. making up组成。根据下文“meaningful.”可知，觉得生活有意义是因为专注于欣赏生活之美。故选C项。 113．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，那些通过专注于欣赏生活之美来管理压力的人报告说，他们的生活非常有意义。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. highly非常；C. frequently频繁地；D. possibly可能地。那些通过专注于欣赏生活之美来管理压力的人报告说，他们的生活非常有意义。故选B项。 114．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来，我们要求参与者给各种陈述打分，比如“我非常欣赏生活之美”，以及与生活目的和意义相关的陈述。A. relevant相关的；B. blind瞎的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“purposes and meaningfulness in life.”可知，与生活目的和意义相关的陈述。故选A项。 115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，人们越欣赏自己的生活经历，他们就越觉得自己的存在是有价值的。A. theory理论；B. proposal提议；C. appearance外表；D. existence存在。根据上文“the more people appreciated their life”可知，人们越欣赏自己的生活经历，他们就越觉得自己的存在是有价值的。故选D项。 116．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这证实了我们最初的理论：欣赏小事可以让生活更有意义。A. popular受欢迎的；B. original原来的，初始的；C. easy容易的；D. abstract抽象的。根据上文“We, a group of psychologists, believe people can gain a sense of meaning from small moments.”以及下文“appreciating small things can make life more meaningful.”可知，这证实了我们最初的理论。故选B项。 117．考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，在当今社会，运用这种洞察力可能很困难。A. Mistakenly错误地；B. Ridiculously愚蠢地； C. Officially官方地；D. Sadly悲伤地。根据下文“in today's society, applying this insight can be difficult.”可知，这种现象很可悲。故选D项。 118．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们总是忙忙碌碌。A. in the way挡路；B. out of sight看不见；C. on the go在行动中，忙碌；D. behind the scenes幕后。根据上文“Our modern, fast-paced lifestyles fill the days with goals. ”可知，我们总是很忙碌。故选C项。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种对未来结果的关注使我们很容易错过现在正在发生的事情。A. miss错过，想念；B. judge判断；C. notice注意到；D. explain解释。根据上文“This focus on future outcomes makes it easy for us”可知，这种对未来结果的关注使我们很容易错过现在正在发生的事情。故选A项。 120．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该放慢脚步，珍惜日常事物的意义。 A. relationship关系；B. tension紧张；C. significance重要性，意义；D. expense代价，费用。根据上文“a sense of meaning from small moments. ”可知，放慢脚步，珍惜日常事物的意义。故选C项。 121．A 122．C 123．B 124．D 125．B 126．D 127．D 128．A 129．B 130．B 131．C 132．D 133．A 134．A 135．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是在狮子驯兽师的例子中，鞭子只是用来展示的道具，实际上是椅子起到了重要的作用。同样，我们在面对各种选择和困惑时，应该学会专注于一个目标，而不是被过多的选择困扰。只有专注并采取行动，我们才能取得进步和改善。 121．考查副词词义辨析。句意：鞭子吸引了所有的注意力，但它只是做做样子。A. merely仅仅；B. easily容易地；C. nearly几乎；D. finally最后。根据“The whip gets all of the attention, but”可知，虽然鞭子吸引了所有的注意力，但它只是做做样子，仅仅是为了表演而已。故选A。 122．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当驯兽师把椅子举到狮子面前时，狮子会试图同时注意椅子的四条腿。A. pickup拾起；B. turndown拒绝；C. focus on专注于；D. kick off开始。根据“all four legs of the chair at the same time”可知，当驯兽师把椅子举到狮子面前时，狮子会试图同时注意椅子的四条腿。故选C。 123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于注意力分散，狮子变得困惑，不确定下一步该做什么。A. extended延长；B. divided分散；C. limited有限；D. strengthened加强。根据“the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next”可知，由于注意力分散，狮子的注意力集中于椅子的四条腿上，狮子变得困惑，不确定下一步该做什么。故选B。 124．考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对如此多的选择，狮子别无选择，只能呆在原地等待，而不是攻击拿着椅子的人。A. bonds联系；B. notices注意；C. desires欲望；D. options选择。根据“the lion tries to  ____2____  all four legs of the chair at the same time.”可知，当狮子面对如此多的椅子腿（选择）的时候，狮子怔住，呆在原地。故选D。 125．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. amuse逗乐；B. freeze怔住；C. escape逃脱；D. observe观察。根据“instead of attacking the man holding the chair. ”可知，面对如此多的选择，狮子别无选择，只能呆在原地等待，而不是攻击拿着椅子的人。故选B。 126．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你有多少次发现自己和狮子处于同样的境地？A. emotion情感；B. reputation声誉；C. generation一代人；D. position位置，处境。根据“How often do you find yourself in the same”可知，你有多少次发现自己和狮子处于同样的境地？。故选D。 127．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你有多少次想要实现某件事(比如减肥、创业、多旅行)，结果却被摆在面前的各种选择弄得一头雾水，从未取得任何进展？A. sense感觉；B. fun乐趣；C. way方法；D. progress进展。根据“only to end up confused by all of the options”可知，此处强调人会像狮子一样，面临多重选择无从下手，只能待在原地从未取得任何进展。故选D。 128．考查 名词词义辨析。句意：这让无休止地我心烦意乱，因为当所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的时候，那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。A. end结束；B. change改变；C. will意志；D. move移动。根据“because while all the experts are  ____9____   debating about which option is best,”可知，所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的，这个争论，让作者无休止的心烦意乱。故选A。 129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. worth价值的；B. busy忙碌的；C. nice好的；D. useless无用的。根据“the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the  ____10____  information.”可知，这让无休止地作者心烦意乱，因为当所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的时候，那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。故选B。 130．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exchanging交换；B. conflicting冲突的；C. damaging有破坏性的；D. encouraging令人鼓励的。根据“the people who want to improve their lives are left confused”可知，因为当所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的时候，那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。故选B。 131．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终的结果是，我们觉得我们无法集中注意力，或者我们把注意力集中在错误的事情上，所以我们采取的行动更少，进步更少，在我们可以提高的时候保持不变。A. effect效果；B. study研究；C. result结果；D. problem问题。根据“that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things”可知，此处强调最终的结果是，我们觉得我们无法集中注意力，或者我们把注意力集中在错误的事情上。故选C。 132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. defending防御；B. confusing困惑；C. weeping哭泣；D. improving改善。根据“so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same”可知，最终的结果是，我们觉得我们无法集中注意力，或者我们把注意力集中在错误的事情上，所以我们采取的行动更少，进步更少，在我们可以提高的时候保持不变。故选D。 133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情并不一定要这样。当你发现这个世界在你面前挥舞一把椅子时，记住这一点：你所需要做的就是专注于一件事。A. chair椅子；B. meat肉；C. whip鞭子；D. hand手。根据前文“When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to  ____2____  all four legs of the chair at the same time.”可知，每当你发现这个世界在你面前挥舞着一把椅子的时候（面临诸多选择的时候），所需要做的就是专注于一件事。故选A。 134．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在你觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。A. ready准备好的；B. pleasant愉快的；C. regretful后悔的；D. frozen冷冻的。根据“You just need to get started.”可知，你只需要开始，觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。故选A。 135．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你有你想去的地方，你想完成的事情，你想成为的人，立即采取行动。A. orderly有秩序的；B. precise精确的；C. rigid严格的；D. immediate立即的，即刻的。根据“You just need to get started.”可知，你只需要开始，如果你有你想去的地方，你想完成的事情，你想成为的人，立即采取行动。故选D。 136．A 137．A 138．B 139．A 140．B 141．C 142．D 143．B 144．A 145．B 146．C 147．A 148．B 149．B 150．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“好学生心态”进行阐述，通过一个年轻人的经历和反思，探讨了这种心态的负面影响，并呼吁人们关注学生的心理健康和自我价值的培养。 136．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Zuo不折不扣地执行了。A. letter信件；B. limitation限制；C. guidance指导；D. degree度数、程度。根据上文“Like many young Chinese, Zuo had been raised from a young age to be “a good student”. As long as she followed the rules and worked hard, money and success would naturally followed.”以及下文“She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigious college in Beijing.”可知，Zuo一直很听话，所以一直在不折不扣的地执行好学生的标准。考查短语“to the letter”，意为“严格地、丝毫不差地”，符合句意。故选A。 137．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Zuo发出了大量的求职申请时，她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位；她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. land降落、得到；B. miss错过；C. occupy占据；D. play玩。根据下文“she didn’t receive a single____3____.”以及“For Zuo, the failure came as a crushing____4____.”可知，Zuo发出了很多求职信，但是并没有得到自己喜欢的职位。故选A。 138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Zuo发出了大量的求职申请时，她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位；她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. job工作；B. offer提议；C. application申请、运用；D. response回复。根据下文“For Zuo, the failure came as a crushing____4____.”可知，她并未得到工作邀约。故选B。 139．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Zuo来说，这次失败是一个沉重的打击。A. blow打击；B. surprise惊讶；C. expectation期待；D. experience经历。根据下文“Being a high flier, she was emotionally unprepared for such a setback. She struggled with anxiety for months”可知，这次失败对她而言是一个沉重的打击。故选A。 140．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月来，她一直在焦虑中挣扎：无法入睡，内疚不堪重负，不得不反复向父母和老师道歉。A. impressed使有印象；B. overwhelmed打击、压倒；C. filled填充；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“unable to sleep”以及下文“feeling compelled to repeatedly apologize to her parents and teachers”可知，她的内心被内疚所击垮。故选B。 141．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位前老师的宠儿已经转变为她所谓的“好学生心态”的热情批评者。A. supporter支持者；B. example例子；C. critic评论家；D. expert专家。根据下文“In January, Zuo set up a group on Douban named “Victims of the Good Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passionate following.”可知，Zuo开始批判这种好学生心态。故选C。 142．考查副词词义辨析。句意：像Zuo这样的“好学生”往往特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。A. absolutely绝对地；B. seldom很少；C. less更少；D. particularly尤其地。根据上文Zuo的痛苦以及下文“Successive studies have found that high achievers are more likely to____8____ anxiety, depression than the general population.”可知，高成就者更容易焦虑。由此可知，Zuo这样的好学生特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。故选D。 143．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：连续的研究发现，高成就者比普通人更容易焦虑、抑郁。A. get rid of摆脱；B. suffer from遭受；C. live up with忍受；D. get over克服。根据上文““Good students” like Zuo tend to be____7____vulnerable(脆弱的) to mental health issues.”可知，Zuo这样的好学生更容易有精神上的问题。由此可知，高成就者更容易焦虑。故选B。 144．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为像Zuo这样的高成就者经常过度依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊，使他们无法应对挫折。A. external外部的；B. flexible灵活的；C. positive积极的；D. special特别的。根据下文“Over time, students ____10____ the externa world’s evaluation criteria as their own standard for self-assessment.”可知，高成就者会依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊。故选A。 145．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，学生们将外部世界的评价标准作为自己的自我评价标准。A. develop发展；B. adopt领养、采纳；C. withdraw撤退；D. transform改变。根据上文“This is because high achievers like Zuo often excessively rely on ____9____ validation(认可) to support their self-esteem, leaving them unable to cope with setbacks.”可知，高成就者会依赖外部认可来维持自尊，也就是说，他们会将外部世界的评价标准作为自我评价的标准。故选B。 146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，各种各样的年轻人都可能成为“好学生心态”的受害者。A. avoid避免；B. owe欠；归功于；C. fall落下、成为；D. change改变。根据空后的“In January, Zuo set up a group on Douban named “Victims of the Good Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passionate following.”可知，很多人都成为好学生心态的受害者。考查短语：fall victim to，意为“成为……的受害者”。故选C。 147．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在中国的教育体系中，越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是一个严重的问题。A. recognition认可、意识到；B. concern担忧；C. situation形势；D. fear害怕。根据下文“A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dong, tells that “the good student mentality” is becoming ever more prevalent, with well behaved, introverted children____13____seeking praise and awards as a way to ____14____their self esteem.”可知，越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是个严重的问题。故选A。 148．考查副词词义辨析。句意：上海一位姓董的老师表示，“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍，表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励，以此来增强他们的自尊。A. openly公开地；B. continuously持续地；C. hopefully充满希望地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据第一段“As long as she followed the rules and worked hard, money and success would naturally followed. Zuo had followed the instructions to the____1____. She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigious college in Beijing.”可知，这些孩子是在不断地寻求表扬和奖励。故选B。 149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上海一位姓董的老师表示，“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍，表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励，以此来增强他们的自尊。A. rise上升；B. boost提高、增加；C. advance前进；D. upgrade升级、提高。根据上文“This is because high achievers like Zuo often excessively rely on ____9____ validation(认可) to support their self-esteem, leaving them unable to cope with setbacks.”可知，这些孩子需要外部的认可来增强自尊。故选B。 150．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们达不到学校极高的标准，就有可能引发情绪崩溃。A. breakout爆发；B. breakdown崩溃；C. breakup破裂；D. breakthrough突破。根据上文““Good students” like Zuo tend to be____7____vulnerable(脆弱的) to mental health issues. Successive studies have found that high achievers are more likely to____8____ anxiety, depression than the general population.”以及“It’s clear that a diverse range of young people can____11____victim to the “good student mentality.””可推测，这些孩子一旦达不到学校的极高标准，就会情绪崩溃。故选B。 151．D 152．A 153．B 154．D 155．B 156．A 157．C 158．A 159．B 160．C 161．D 162．A 163．D 164．B 165．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了手表在现代社会中的功能变化和市场趋势。作者首先提到自己小时候对父亲给的手表的喜爱，并指出由于现代通讯设备的普及，人们不再需要手表来看时间。然而，高端手表作为奢侈品和投资品，价格高昂且销量不减。文章最后指出，手表本质上是一种满足自我满足和时尚需求的物品，而非真正的投资品。 151．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么？因为我不需要手表。A. own拥有；B. wear穿戴；C. choose选择；D. need需要。根据后文“I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that.”可知，我有一部手机，我总是和一个有iPod或类似设备的人在一起，因此我不需要手表了，故选D。 152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些设备都显示时间——这就是为什么如果你环顾四周，你会看到很多空手腕。A. devices设备；B. phones手机；C. watches手表；D. friends朋友。根据前文“I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that.”可知，我有一部手机，我总是和一个有iPod或类似设备的人在一起，故此处指所有这些设备都显示时间，故选A。 153．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minds意识；B. wrists手腕；C. bags书包；D. hands手。根据空前“All these 　　2　　 tell the time”可知，所有的这些设备都可以告诉我时间，故说明大家都不带手表了，因此会看到很多不带手表的空手腕，故选B。 154．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管明智的人已经意识到他们不需要它们，但其他人显然在它们身上花费了全部财富。A. young年轻的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. proud自豪的；D. wise明智的。根据空后“have realized that they don’t need them”可知，电子设备都能告诉他们时间，一些人已经意识到他们不需要手表了，他们是明智的，故选D。 155．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regularly有规律的；B. apparently明显的；C. generously大方的；D. usually通常。根据空后“Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 　　6　　, up to £250,000 for a piece.”可知，劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑，故此处指很显然，其他人在它们身上花了全部财富，故选B。 156．考查名词词义辨析。句意：劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑。A. prices价格；B. salaries工资；C. operations手术；D. applications申请。根据空后“up to £250,000 for a piece”，可知劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑，故选A。 157．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是很愚蠢的。A. unexpected难以预料的；B. fashionable时尚的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches.”可知，现在所有的手表都像其他手表一样报时，故买25万英镑的手表是非常愚蠢的，故选C。 158．考查名词词义辨析。句意：昂贵的手表有额外的功能，但是谁需要它们呢? A. functions功能；B. charges要价；C. operations手术；D. applications申请。根据后文“How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your 　　9　　 in the South Pole?”可知，后文提出问题，你多久潜入300米深的海底一次？或者又是多久一次需要在南极找到你的方向呢？这些都是昂贵的手表附加的防水和指南功能，故选A。 159．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你多久潜入300米深的海底一次？或者又是多久一次需要在南极找到你的方向呢？A. interest兴趣；B. direction方向；C. courage勇气；D. fortune运气。根据空后“in the South Pole”可知，此处指需要用昂贵手表的额外功能在南极找到方向，故选B。 160．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果正义得到伸张，当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了。A. come up出现；B. brightened up照亮；C. closed down关门；D. moved on继续前进。根据空后“when the Japanese discovered how to 　　11　　 accurate watches for a five-pound note.”可知，当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了，故选C。 161．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. appreciate感激；B. set设置；C. promote提升；D. make制造。根据空后“accurate watches for a five-pound note”可，知当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了，故选D。 162．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种自我满足的玩具，是一种时尚。A. toy玩具；B. memory记忆；C. reward奖励；D. invention发明。根据前文“But a watch is not an investment.”和下文“for self-satisfaction”可知，手表不是投资，而是一种自我满足的玩具，是一种时尚，故选A。 163．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时尚的发展，这位拥有35万英镑美表的主人会突然发现，他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资。A. designer设计师；B. admirer崇拜者；C. producer生产者；D. owner拥有者。根据前文“It’s a(n) 　　12　　 for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion.”可知，花35万英镑买一块的翡丽手表是一种自我满足，是一种时尚，故此处指花了35万英镑买翡丽手表的主人，故选D。 164．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. originally最初地；B. suddenly突然；C. particularly尤其；D. constantly持续地。根据上文“when fashion moves on”空后“find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 　　15　　 Timex.”可知，这位拥有35万英镑美表的主人会突然发现，他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资，故选B。 165．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. priceless无价的；B. pocket口袋；C. childhood童年；D. poor贫穷的。根据前文“When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex.”可知，我七岁时，父亲给了我一块手表Timex，故此处指他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资，故选C。 166．B 167．D 168．A 169．B 170．D 171．C 172．B 173．B 174．D 175．A 176．C 177．A 178．D 179．A 180．D 【导语】本文属于议论文。旅游的发展，虽然促进了当地的经济发展，但从另外一个方面影响到了当地居民的生活以及各种基础设施，如何保证旅游业的长久发展是摆在人们面前的一大问题。 166．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更多的人旅游的更频繁，因为去一个国家的障碍更少，费用更低，这就意味着游客在一个地方旅游的时间越来越短。A. longer更长的；B. shorter更短的；C. wider更宽的；D. clearer更干净的。根据下文“The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures”推知，人们在一个景点呆的时间越来越短，故选B。 167．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：城市短修的兴起，48小时异域文化爆发式体验旅游，对钱包和年度休假余额构成的压力相对比较轻松，这些都导致游客人数上涨，但是游客目的地地理范围没有相应的扩展。A. environmental环境的；B. national国家的；C. economic经济的；D. geographic地理的。根据下文“The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure ( 基础设施 ) as residents to reach them. ”可知，游客目的地地理范围没有相应的扩展，还是是那些同样的地方旅行。故选D。 168．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于当地人来说，城市已经不属于他们了。A. locals当地人；B. tourists游客；C. visitors参观者；D. cleaners清洁工。根据上文“ visitors use the same infrastructure (基础设施) as residents to reach them.”可知，游客和居民使用同样的基础设施，这导致当地人觉得城市不属于自己了，故选A。 169．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，阿姆斯特丹已经开始建议游客在其官方网站上寻找市中心以外的住宿。A. transports交通；B. accommodation住宿；C. restaurants餐厅；D. service服务。根据后文“outside of the city center on its official website”可知，此处指阿姆斯特丹已经开始建议游客在其官方网站上寻找市中心以外的住宿。故选B。 170．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是也只有这样，人们才会去官网上查看（市中心之外的住宿），这意味着阿姆斯特丹的官员们可以说他们已经在尽力缓解交通堵塞。A. cause造成；B. fuel刺激；C. transfer转移；D. ease缓解。根据宾语congestion并结合上文“Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time”可知，此处指缓解交通拥堵。故选D。 171．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它也提出了一种更好的方式，被称为“错峰旅游”：他们给游客提供有关可持续旅游（对环境不造成严重负担和破坏的旅游）的建议，以及探索一个真正的威尼斯的另类旅游路线，并远离那些每年蜂拥而至的2800万游客踩踏过的道路。A. separate分开的；B. individual个人的；C. alternative可替代性的；D. objective客观的。根据本句“off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year”可知，为游客提供一些人少的路线，即可供替代的选择。故选C。 172．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为潜在的游客提供更多种类的指导——例如，在淡季或市中心以外的地方做些什么——可以使他们远离已经拥挤的地标，或者从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。A. reform改革；B. guidance指导；C. invitation邀请；D. support支持。根据后文“ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center”可知，本段讲述对游客进行指导，实现游客分流，故选B。 173．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为潜在的游客提供更多种类的指导——例如，在淡季或市中心以外的地方做些什么——可以使他们远离已经拥挤的地标，或者从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。A. convincing说服；B. discouraging打消积极性；C. promoting促进；D. enjoying欣赏。本段讲述对游客进行指导，实现游客分流，合理规划自己的旅行计划，由此推知，此处指从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。故选B。 174．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个地方逗留时间更长能够缓解一定的压力。A. release释放；B. enhance加强；C. remove去除；D. relieve缓解。根据后文“If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.(如果你去巴黎两天，你会去埃菲尔铁塔。如果你去两周，你不会去埃菲尔铁塔14次)”可知，在一个地方逗留时间更长能够缓解当地的压力，故选D。 175．考查名词词义辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意识，我应该考虑怎样让游客再来这个地方旅游，而不是来第一次就不来了。A. culture文化；B. knowledge知识；C. entertainment娱乐；D. ability能力。根据后文“If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.(如果他们是第五次来，就更容易把他们的行为和我们的行为结合起来)”可知，多次去同一个地方旅游的游客能够更好地融入当地的文化，故选A。 176．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我应该考虑怎样让游客再来这个地方旅游，而不是来第一次就不来了。A. go with与……一起去；B. bring up抚养；C. come back回来；D. lay off解雇。根据后文“not how to get them to come for the first time”推知，应该考虑怎样让游客来了还想来，故选C。 177．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丰特说，当目前衡量营销成功的标准是有多少游客，以及他们已经走了多远的时候，城市可以对他们试图吸引的游客更有选择性。A. selective认真挑选的，严格筛选的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. curious好奇的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“about the tourists they try to attract”指城市可以对他们试图吸引的游客更有选择性。故选A。 178．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他提及巴萨罗那旅游管理局尚未公布的数据，这些数据（显示）日本游客被优先考虑，因为他们平均每人每天消费比法国人要多处640欧元。但是，这个比较并未能考虑日本游客更大的碳足迹。A. distinction区分；B. harmony和谐；C. association联系；D. comparison对比。根据“Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists”可知，把日本游客与法国游客进行对比，故选D。 179．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，法国游客也更可能成为错峰时段的回访者，购买本地的产品，并且分散到城市里不那么拥挤的地方，这些都是建设性的措施，能使得旅游更可持续，游客与本地居民的关系更平和。A. French法国人；B. Japanese日本人；C. Spanish西班牙人；D. German德国人。根据上文“prioritizes Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists”可知，尽管日本游客花钱更多，但是法国游客更有可能再次去，故选A。 180．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且，法国游客也更可能成为错峰时段的回访者，购买本地的产品，并且分散到城市里不那么拥挤的地方，这些都是建设性的措施，能使得旅游更可持续，游客与本地居民的关系更平和。A. comfortable舒服的；B. complex复杂的；C. temporary临时的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据上文“come at off-peak times, buy local products, and spread out to less crowded parts of the city”可知，法国人的旅游方式属于持续性旅游发展，故选D。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$