精品解析：重庆市七校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

重庆市长寿区2023-2024学年下学期高一期末检测卷（B） 英语试题 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.What did the woman buy for her mother? A. Earrings. B. A necklace. C. A coat. 2.What does the woman say about the man? A. He is foolish. B. He has no hope of promotion. C. He didnˈt say goodbye at the party. 3.What was the woman probably trying to do? A. Play a tape recorder. B. Repair a typewriter. C. Take a picture. 4.What is the weather like now? A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm. 5.What does the woman mean? A. The new computer is cool. B. Her computer broke down. C. She needs a bigger computer. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6.What surprised the woman? A. The man did well in the interview. B. The man will know the result very soon. C. They won't make a decision until next Friday. 7.How does the man sound? A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident. ​​​​​​​听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8.What is the man doing? A. Giving directions. B. Offering an invitation. C. Asking for information. 9.Where is the registrarˈs office? A. Opposite the library. B. In the classroom building. C. In the red brick building. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the man? A. He is a teacher. B. He is a student. C. He is a doctor. 11.When does the man want to volunteer? A. In the mornings. B. In the afternoons. C. In the evenings. 12.What does the man think of volunteering? A. It can help him get a good job. B. It can help him do better at school. C. It can help him develop his social skills. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What are the speakers talking about ? A. A plan for the room decoration. B. A plan for a family get-together. C. A plan for a surprise party. 14.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son. 15.What will the man do-on August 22nd? A. Go out for dinner. B. See a movie. C. Meet his friends. 16.How will the woman prepare food? A. By conking it herself. B. By having her friends do it. C. By ordering it from a restaurant. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17.For what do some animals eat only one type of food? A. Lack of choice. B. Health issues. C. Their nature. 18.Why does the speaker mention the panda and a kind of white butterfly? A. To amuse the listeners. B. To introduce what some animals eat. C To prove that some animals eat only one type of food. 19.What do bears eat? A. Fish and fruit. B. Vegetables and fruit. C. Fish and birds. 20.What does the speaker think of French food? A. Delicious. B. Unhealthy. C. Popular. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The best festivals in August Edinburgh Festival Fringe The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the largest arts festival in the world. In 2018, the festival lasted 25 days, including 55,000 performances of 3,548 shows in 317 places. The festival started in 1947 . For around three weeks in August, the city of Edinburgh welcomes a large number of artists and performers around the globe. Anyone can join in with the performance of their choice. Wilderness Festival Wilderness Festival takes place in one of the oldest woods in England. Taking place four days in nature, people will experience music, comedy, theatre, and dance from Sadler's Wells. All the campsites(野营地) are made to order for different needs, including family camping. Notting Hill Carnival Notting Hill Carnival takes place on the streets of Notting Hill in London, England in each August lasting over two days. Attracting around one million people each year, it's one of the biggest street festivals in the world. Happening since 1966, Notting Hill Carnival is an essential cultural experience in London. La Tomatina Each year, the Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. This tomato festival has been happening since 1945 and is held on the last Wednesday of August each year. 1. Which festival lasts the longest? A. Wilderness Festival. B. Notting Hill Carnival. C. La Tomatina. D. Edinburgh Festival Fringe. 2. What can people do during the Wilderness Festival? A. Buy handmade tents. B. Dance with famous stars. C. Experience wilderness adventures. D. Choose specially offered campsites. 3. What is special about La Tomatina? A. It is held for tourists. B. It is a food fight festival. C. It takes place on the streets. D. It limits the color of clothes. B Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February? There’s a link between cold air and the night lights. “Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter,” said Diane Tumshek, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Even though it’s invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, moisture can make stars appear more dull. Air temperature is also what puts the twinkle twinkle in the little stars. “Even on very clear nights, some of the atmosphere is cooler, and some of the atmosphere is warmer,” said Tumshek, who also works with the Allegheny Observatory. And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, “it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,” she said. For star lovers in the United States, there’s another factor that comes into play for bright winter stars, although this is a matter of coincidence (巧合). During Earth’s journey around the sun, “there are just simply more bright stars visible from the Northern Hemisphere in the winter sky,” Tumshek said. If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright. So this winter, when the world turns cold and it seems like we should be spending more time indoors, consider asking an adult to go exploring outside. With a warm coat and a clear sky, any night can be turned into a treasure hunt. All you have to do is look up. 4. What does the underlined word “dull” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Not exciting. B. Not shiny. C. Not serious. D. Not smart. 5. How does air temperature influence the brightness of stars? A. By making the stars dance and twinkle in the sky. B. By putting the twinkle twinkle in them. C. By varying the direction of the light from them. D. By changing the bubbles around them. 6. What do we know about Sirius? A. It is 20 times as bright as the sun. B. It can be found at any night. C. It is a burning and shiny ball. D. It is closer to Earth than other stars. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A To suggest stargazing in winter. B To call on people to focus on stars. C. To present new research results about stars. D. To explain why stars are more visible in winter. C Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. 8. How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive? A. By increasing the safety of living alone. B. By showing the consequence of teamwork. C. By reminding them to change their behavior. D. By warning them to keep away from danger. 9. What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain? A. They are both a cause of brain damage. B. They are both a warning to our survival. C. They recall the same suffering in the past. D. They produce the same response in our brain. 10. What does the author advise us to do about rejection? A. Analyze it reasonably. B. Doubt it bravely. C. Ignore it immediately. D. Take it personally. 11. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Rejection: Whose Fault Is It? B. Rejection: A Shame or Not? C. How Can We Avoid Rejection? D. Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much? D After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season. “We haven’t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up,” said Debbie. But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining the rood and eaves(屋檐). It wasn’t the Wilders but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. “I started crying,” Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. “It was really special.” Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far. He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. “I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,” he says. The family was delighted. In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he’d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he’s found a way. “There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. “I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,” he says. 12. How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son? A. They didn’t feel like decorating their house for Christmas. B. They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas. C They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas. D. They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas. 13. Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service? A. To make more houses brighter. B. To expand his own business. C. To relieve the victim family’s pain. D. To memorize his dead friends. 14. Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf? A. Enthusiastic and optimistic. B. Courageous and smart. C. Ambitious and generous. D. Considerate and helpful. 15. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Lights warming the spirit B. A person brightening houses C. Families going through sufferings D. A business hanging lights 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Going to outer space is a little like going camping. Food with all the water dried out is lightweight and doesn’t spoil(变坏). So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets.___16___ On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate.___17___. To keep food from floating(漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray(托盘). The tray can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut’s lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut’s nose. ___18___So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw(吸管) that can be closed. Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good. Some, such as apples and pudding, are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs(碎屑).___19___.Your body uses food in space the same way it does on Earth. Your body must deal with waste in space too. During take-off and landing, astronauts can’t leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers(尿布) under their spacesuits instead. The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. ___20___ A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though. B. But there’s no gravity in space. C. In outer space, everything seems to be different. D. Rubbish from daily life can not be thrown everywhere. E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet. F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut’s eye G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板车). There was only a ____21____ space between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along. She drove over my foot and didn’t ____22____ saying nothing at all. I got annoyed and expected she would have ____23____, but then I just decided to ____24____ it and got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could park her ____25____. After about half an hour, when she had ____26____ her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It wouldn’t start. She tried to turn the key several times ____27____ she telephoned the place she purchased it from. An engineer ____28____ within 5 minutes. The place must have been local. I couldn’t resist overhearing their conversation, and it turned out she had just ____29____ the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really _____30_____ about driving it. Certainly, she wasn’t used to its speed, nor its _____31_____, and this combination made it quite _____32_____ to drive it through narrow gaps. Suddenly, I felt _____33_____ for the lady. It really didn’t _____34_____ me at all that she’d driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, however, that a person doing that should apologize. ​​​​​​​Next time you’re about to _____35_____ someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life. 21. A. private B. vast C. public D. narrow 22. A. call back B. give up C. look back D. cheer up 23. A. ignored B. apologized C. explained D. forgiven 24. A. dismiss B. make C. deserve D. inspect 25. A. coffee B. pastry C. purse D. vehicle 26. A. poured B. finished C. ordered D. purchased 27. A. so B. until C. unless D. before 28. A. broke in B. turned up C. ran away D. settled down 29. A. collected B. stolen C. fixed D. abandoned 30. A. concerned B. excited C. confident D. nervous 31. A. width B. length C. weight D. height 32. A. cool B. convenient C. stressful D. desperate 33. A. pleasure B. regret C. appreciation D. sympathy 34. A. strike B. bother C. satisfy D. motivate 35. A. judge B. hug C. persuade D. tease 第二节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面的句子，在白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 36. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one __________(perform). （所给词的适当形式填空） 37. The ________ (roll) ball came to rest at the foot of the hill. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been __________ (gather) in. （所给词的适当形式填空） 39. They consulted the Premier about his new plan for _________ (agricultural). （所给词的适当形式填空） 40. The newly-married couple were satisfied to see the furniture _________ (tailor) a few days ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 41. The school doesn’t allow us to leave school without the headteacher’s _________(permit). （所给词的适当形式填空） 42. The scientist tries to find something more effective because the available drug is of _________ (limit) value in treating cancer. （所给词的适当形式填空） 43. They got into a heated _________ (argue) on whether to accept the invitation. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44. One should remain calm and think of ways _________ (escape) when facing danger. （所给词的适当形式填空） 45. People who can speak English are in the _________ (minor) in this country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. He was _________ (reject) by the army because of his poor eyesight. （所给词的适当形式填空） 47. The coach was extremely strict so that everyone was _________ (scare) of him. （所给词的适当形式填空） 48. Built by Qin Shi Huang as a _________ (defend) against the enemies for the North, today, the Great Wall is the symbol of China to the rest of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Confucius believed in the so-called “golden rule” of _________ (哲学): Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 50. She _________ (以某种方法) learnt how to play the piano on her own when she was very young. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 51. Rose felt honored to be chosen to _________ (代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52. If something is _________ (宝贵的) to you, you regard it as important and do not want to lose it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 53. People in this _________ (地区) all praised the government’s decision to close the chemical factory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. He told me the _________ (步骤) was simple, but I couldn’t make it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55 Honesty is an important _________ (要素) of his achieving great success in business. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第四部分 书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分） 56. 假设你是李华，你所在的班级举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。 赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点 1.获得新知识； 2.从太空取得新资源； 3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 1.耗资巨大； 2.宇航员的安全问题。 …… 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO? We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5.CBABB 6-10.BCACB 11-15.CCCAB 16-20.CCCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆市长寿区2023-2024学年下学期高一期末检测卷（B） 英语试题 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.What did the woman buy for her mother? A. Earrings. B. A necklace. C. A coat. 2.What does the woman say about the man? A. He is foolish. B. He has no hope of promotion. C. He didnˈt say goodbye at the party. 3.What was the woman probably trying to do? A. Play a tape recorder. B. Repair a typewriter. C. Take a picture. 4.What is the weather like now? A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm. 5.What does the woman mean? A. The new computer is cool. B. Her computer broke down. C. She needs a bigger computer. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6.What surprised the woman? A. The man did well in the interview. B. The man will know the result very soon. C. They won't make a decision until next Friday. 7.How does the man sound? A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident. ​​​​​​​听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8.What is the man doing? A. Giving directions. B. Offering an invitation. C. Asking for information. 9.Where is the registrarˈs office? A. Opposite the library. B. In the classroom building. C. In the red brick building. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the man? A. He is a teacher. B. He is a student. C. He is a doctor. 11.When does the man want to volunteer? A. In the mornings. B. In the afternoons. C. In the evenings. 12.What does the man think of volunteering? A. It can help him get a good job. B. It can help him do better at school. C. It can help him develop his social skills. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What are the speakers talking about ? A. A plan for the room decoration. B. A plan for a family get-together. C. A plan for a surprise party. 14.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son. 15.What will the man do-on August 22nd? A. Go out for dinner. B. See a movie. C. Meet his friends. 16.How will the woman prepare food? A. By conking it herself. B. By having her friends do it. C. By ordering it from a restaurant. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17.For what do some animals eat only one type of food? A. Lack of choice. B. Health issues. C. Their nature. 18.Why does the speaker mention the panda and a kind of white butterfly? A. To amuse the listeners. B. To introduce what some animals eat. C. To prove that some animals eat only one type of food. 19.What do bears eat? A. Fish and fruit. B. Vegetables and fruit. C. Fish and birds. 20.What does the speaker think of French food? A. Delicious. B. Unhealthy. C. Popular. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The best festivals in August Edinburgh Festival Fringe The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the largest arts festival in the world. In 2018, the festival lasted 25 days, including 55,000 performances of 3,548 shows in 317 places. The festival started in 1947 . For around three weeks in August, the city of Edinburgh welcomes a large number of artists and performers around the globe. Anyone can join in with the performance of their choice. Wilderness Festival Wilderness Festival takes place in one of the oldest woods in England. Taking place four days in nature, people will experience music, comedy, theatre, and dance from Sadler's Wells. All the campsites(野营地) are made to order for different needs, including family camping. Notting Hill Carnival Notting Hill Carnival takes place on the streets of Notting Hill in London, England in each August lasting over two days. Attracting around one million people each year, it's one of the biggest street festivals in the world. Happening since 1966, Notting Hill Carnival is an essential cultural experience in London. La Tomatina Each year, the Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. This tomato festival has been happening since 1945 and is held on the last Wednesday of August each year. 1. Which festival lasts the longest? A. Wilderness Festival. B. Notting Hill Carnival. C. La Tomatina. D. Edinburgh Festival Fringe. 2. What can people do during the Wilderness Festival? A. Buy handmade tents. B. Dance with famous stars. C. Experience wilderness adventures. D. Choose specially offered campsites. 3. What is special about La Tomatina? A. It is held for tourists. B. It is a food fight festival. C. It takes place on the streets. D. It limits the color of clothes. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为应用文。介绍了在英国八月份最好的四个节日。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段小标题Edinburgh Festival Fringe以及第一段第二句“In 2018, the festival lasted 25 days, including 55,000 performances of 3,548 shows in 317 places. (2018年，这个节日共持续25天，在317个地方举办3548场演出，共5.5万个表演。)”可知，Edinburgh Festival Fringe持续了25天。根据第二段小标题Wilderness Festival 以及第二段第二句“Taking place four days in nature, people will experience music, comedy, theatre, and dance from Sadler's Wells. (在四天的大自然中，人们将体验萨德勒威尔斯的音乐、喜剧、戏剧和舞蹈。)”可知，Wilderness Festival持续了4天。根据第三段小标题Notting Hill Carnival以及第三段第一句“Notting Hill Carnival takes place on the streets of Notting Hill in London, England in each August lasting over two days. (每年8月，英国伦敦诺丁山的街头都会举行诺丁山狂欢节，持续两天以上。)”可知，Notting Hill CarnivalWilderness Festival持续了2天以上。根据第四段小标题La Tomatina以及第四段最后一句“This tomato festival has been happening since 1945 and is held on the last Wednesday of August each year. (西红柿节始于1945年，在每年8月的最后一个星期三举行。)”可知，La Tomatina在每年8月的最后一个星期三举行一天。对比四个节日可知，Edinburgh Festival Fringe持续时间最长，为25天。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的最后一句“ All the campsites(野营地) are made to order for different needs, including family camping.(所有的营地都是为不同的需求定制的，包括家庭露营。)”可知，Wilderness Festival可以选择特别提供的露营地。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Each year, the Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. (每年，瓦伦西亚的布诺尔镇都会变成一片红色的狼藉，当地人和游客走上街头，互相投掷西红柿，以此取乐。)”可知，西红柿节的特别之处在于它是一个食物大战的节日。故选B项。 B Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February? There’s a link between cold air and the night lights. “Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter,” said Diane Tumshek, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Even though it’s invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, moisture can make stars appear more dull. Air temperature is also what puts the twinkle twinkle in the little stars. “Even on very clear nights, some of the atmosphere is cooler, and some of the atmosphere is warmer,” said Tumshek, who also works with the Allegheny Observatory. And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, “it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,” she said. For star lovers in the United States, there’s another factor that comes into play for bright winter stars, although this is a matter of coincidence (巧合). During Earth’s journey around the sun, “there are just simply more bright stars visible from the Northern Hemisphere in the winter sky,” Tumshek said. If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright. So this winter, when the world turns cold and it seems like we should be spending more time indoors, consider asking an adult to go exploring outside. With a warm coat and a clear sky, any night can be turned into a treasure hunt. All you have to do is look up. 4. What does the underlined word “dull” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Not exciting. B. Not shiny. C. Not serious. D. Not smart. 5. How does air temperature influence the brightness of stars? A. By making the stars dance and twinkle in the sky. B. By putting the twinkle twinkle in them. C. By varying the direction of the light from them. D. By changing the bubbles around them. 6. What do we know about Sirius? A. It is 20 times as bright as the sun. B. It can be found at any night. C. It is a burning and shiny ball. D. It is closer to Earth than other stars. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To suggest stargazing in winter. B. To call on people to focus on stars. C. To present new research results about stars. D. To explain why stars are more visible in winter. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。此外，由于地球围绕太阳运行的巧合，冬天从北半球看到的明亮星星更多。因此，冬天是一个观测星星的好时机。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February? There’s a link between cold air and the night lights.(你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系。)”以及划线词前面的句子“Even though it’s invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, …(尽管它是看不见的，但水分可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天……，)” 可知，尽管湿度是不可见的，但它可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天，湿度可以使星星看起来更暗淡。由此可推知，dull意为“不发光的，暗淡的”，与B选项“Not shiny.(不发光的)”为同义词。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, “it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,” she said.(当星星发出的光穿过这些温度不同的气泡时，“它会弯曲并改变光线，因此我们看到的恒星似乎在跳舞或闪烁，”她说。)”可知，空气温度会弯曲并移动星星的光线，因此我们看到星星在天空中闪烁。由此可推知，空气温度通过改变来自星星的光线的方向来影响星星的亮度。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright.(如果你真的想看到一颗闪亮的恒星，只要试着在地平线附近找到一个燃烧的气团，叫做天狼星。天狼星距离地球8.6光年，相对较近，是夜空中可见的最亮的恒星。它也很大——几乎是太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。)”可知，天狼星非常大——几乎是我们太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。故选A。 7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February? There’s a link between cold air and the night lights. “Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter,(你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系。“部分原因是它在冬天往往更干燥，)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要解释了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了解释为什么星星在冬天更明显。故选D。 C Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. 8. How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive? A. By increasing the safety of living alone. B. By showing the consequence of teamwork. C. By reminding them to change their behavior. D. By warning them to keep away from danger. 9. What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain? A. They are both a cause of brain damage. B. They are both a warning to our survival. C. They recall the same suffering in the past. D. They produce the same response in our brain. 10. What does the author advise us to do about rejection? A. Analyze it reasonably. B. Doubt it bravely. C. Ignore it immediately. D. Take it personally. 11. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Rejection: Whose Fault Is It? B. Rejection: A Shame or Not? C. How Can We Avoid Rejection? D. Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much? 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。作者认为被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. (从历史上看，被拒绝带来的痛苦一直是一个有用的工具。对我们的祖先来说，远离群体就等于被判了死刑，因为独自生存是很困难的。因此，当我们面临被拒绝的风险时，大脑可能会发展出一个警报系统来警告我们。那些经历过更痛苦的拒绝的人获得了优势，因为他们更有可能调整自己的行为以留在群体中。)”可知，我们的祖先被拒绝后，就得独自生存，而这相当于被判了死刑。因此，这种被拒绝的痛苦会提醒我们的祖先调整自己的行为以留在群体中。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. (研究将经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑活动进行了比较，结果表明，大脑中许多相同的区域都活跃起来了。疼痛是一种警告，表明有什么东西正在损害我们的健康。)”可知，经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑会对拒绝和疼痛有同样的反应。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. (因此，有必要对问题所在进行现实的分析。如果有人没有给你回电话，不要妄下结论说他们不想和你说话。他们可能生病了或者很忙。)”可知，作者建议我们被拒绝时，我们应该合理分析原因。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. (被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。不管你经历过多少次，被告知你没有得到这份工作，或者约会对象不想再见到你，总是让你很伤心。)”以及最后一段“Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. (被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。)”可知，文章主要介绍被拒绝是生活中一件很常见的事情，不要觉得被拒绝是一件可耻的事情。故选B。 D After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season. “We haven’t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up,” said Debbie. But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining the rood and eaves(屋檐). It wasn’t the Wilders but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. “I started crying,” Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. “It was really special.” Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far. He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. “I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,” he says. The family was delighted. In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he’d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he’s found a way. “There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. “I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,” he says. 12. How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son? A. They didn’t feel like decorating their house for Christmas. B. They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas. C. They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas. D. They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas. 13. Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service? A. To make more houses brighter. B. To expand his own business. C. To relieve the victim family’s pain. D. To memorize his dead friends. 14. Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf? A. Enthusiastic and optimistic. B. Courageous and smart. C. Ambitious and generous. D. Considerate and helpful. 15. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Lights warming the spirit B. A person brightening houses C. Families going through sufferings D. A business hanging lights 【答案】12 A 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯是一些特别的东西，它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season.（2013年，Stewart和Debbie Wilder的儿子Cameron去世后，他们最不想做的事就是为假期做装饰。）由此可知，失去儿子对Wilder夫妇的影响是他们不想为圣诞节装饰他们的房子了。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far.（自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间，他已经为20多个家庭装饰了房屋。）和第四段In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he’d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he’s found a way.（事实上，他有两个朋友英年早逝，他一直希望能减轻他们所爱的人的痛苦。现在，他找到了一种方法。）由此可知，Zickgraf捐赠了照明服务是为了减轻受害者家庭的痛苦。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. “I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,” he says.（他在给一户人家挂灯时，房主说一些邻居在那个节日期间过得很艰难，因为他们的儿子最近去世了。然后他有了一个主意。“我也派了我的团队去装饰那所房子，”他说。）可知Zickgraf在得知别人处于悲痛中时，主动提供帮助，由此推知，Zickgraf非常体贴；根据最后一段“There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. “I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,” he says.（“圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。“我希望我有一个更大的公司，这样我就可以装饰更多的房子，”他说。）可知Zickgraf努力尽自己的一份力量，给这些不幸的家庭带去些许温暖，并且他希望这个善举可以惠及更多的人，由此推知，Zickgraf非常乐于助人。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier.（“圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。）以及结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“温暖心灵的灯光”，该题目简明扼要的紧扣文章主题。故选A。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Going to outer space is a little like going camping. Food with all the water dried out is lightweight and doesn’t spoil(变坏). So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets.___16___ On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate.___17___. To keep food from floating(漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray(托盘). The tray can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut’s lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut’s nose. ___18___So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw(吸管) that can be closed. Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good. Some, such as apples and pudding, are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs(碎屑).___19___.Your body uses food in space the same way it does on Earth. Your body must deal with waste in space too. During take-off and landing, astronauts can’t leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers(尿布) under their spacesuits instead. The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. ___20___ A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though. B. But there’s no gravity in space. C. In outer space, everything seems to be different. D. Rubbish from daily life can not be thrown everywhere. E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet. F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut’s eye G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在外太空中吃东西、喝水和上卫生间等日常生活。 【16题详解】 E项“Some, such as dried pears,taste good right out of the packet.(有些，比如干梨，直接拿出来吃味道很好)”承接上文“So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets.(因此，许多太空食品在地球上干燥并储存在特殊的包装中) ”，描述了脱水太空食物特点，与上文构成顺承关系，其中“dried pears、packet”与上文内容照应。故选E项。 【17题详解】 上文“On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate.（在地球上，地心引力是使你的脚保持在地面上，三明治保持在盘子里的力量）”讲地球引力让食物呆在盘子里，下文“To keep food from floating(漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray(托盘). （为了防止食物飘走，航天飞机上的宇航员将这些包裹装在一个特殊的托盘上）”说太空中要用特殊托盘来防止食物飞走，两句有转折对比关系，B 项“But there’s no gravity in space.(但是在太空中没有重力)”说明原因，承上启下。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据句中连词so(所以)可知上下文有因果关系，A项“Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though.(不过，液体会直接从杯子和玻璃杯里浮出来)”是下文“So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw(吸管) that can be closed.(所以宇航员喝任何东西都用一个小袋子，里面有一根可以关闭的吸管)”的原因。故选A项。 【19题详解】 F项“Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut’s eye(漂浮的面包屑可能会卡在设备或宇航员的眼睛里)”是对上文“Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs(宇航员吃玉米饼而不吃面包，因为玉米屑更少) ”宇航员不吃面包的进一步解释，句中crumbs与上文照应。故选F项。 【20题详解】 上文“The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. (马桶上有栅栏，防止宇航员飘走)”讲的是卫生间里的设施，G项“A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet.(用一股强劲的气流代替水将垃圾冲下厕所)”承接上文，内容相关，句中toilet与上文照应。故选G项。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板车). There was only a ____21____ space between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along. She drove over my foot and didn’t ____22____ saying nothing at all. I got annoyed and expected she would have ____23____, but then I just decided to ____24____ it and got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could park her ____25____. After about half an hour, when she had ____26____ her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It wouldn’t start. She tried to turn the key several times ____27____ she telephoned the place she purchased it from. An engineer ____28____ within 5 minutes. The place must have been local. I couldn’t resist overhearing their conversation, and it turned out she had just ____29____ the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really _____30_____ about driving it. Certainly, she wasn’t used to its speed, nor its _____31_____, and this combination made it quite _____32_____ to drive it through narrow gaps. Suddenly, I felt _____33_____ for the lady. It really didn’t _____34_____ me at all that she’d driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, however, that a person doing that should apologize. ​​​​​​​Next time you’re about to _____35_____ someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life. 21. A. private B. vast C. public D. narrow 22. A. call back B. give up C. look back D. cheer up 23. A. ignored B. apologized C. explained D. forgiven 24. A. dismiss B. make C. deserve D. inspect 25. A. coffee B. pastry C. purse D. vehicle 26. A. poured B. finished C. ordered D. purchased 27. A. so B. until C. unless D. before 28. A. broke in B. turned up C. ran away D. settled down 29. A. collected B. stolen C. fixed D. abandoned 30. A. concerned B. excited C. confident D. nervous 31. A. width B. length C. weight D. height 32. A. cool B. convenient C. stressful D. desperate 33 A. pleasure B. regret C. appreciation D. sympathy 34. A. strike B. bother C. satisfy D. motivate 35. A. judge B. hug C. persuade D. tease 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个发生在咖啡店的故事，作者在排队时被一位驾驶电动踏板车的女士不小心压到了脚，女士没有道歉。虽然起初作者感到恼火，但在女士的电动踏板车出现故障后，作者听到她们对话了解到女士是第一次使用电动踏板车，对她产生了同情。文章强调的是提醒人们在评判他人之前，应先了解他人的情况，不要急于作出判断。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：一行人和桌子之间只有一小段距离，她试图沿其行驶。A. private私有的，私人的；B. vast广阔的；C. public公共的；D. narrow狭窄的。根据上文“between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along”和下文“She drove over my foot”“to drive it through narrow gaps”可知，在人群与桌子间只有一个非常狭窄的空间，才会压到作者的脚。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她从我脚上碾过去，头也不回，一句话也没说。A. call back回喊；B. give up放弃；C. look back回头一看；D. cheer up打起精神。根据下文“saying nothing at all.”可知，那个女人压到了作者的脚，但却没有回头，径直走了。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉，但后来我决定不理睬她，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。A. ignored忽视；B. apologized道歉；C. explained解释；D. forgiven原谅。根据上文“expected she would have”可知，作者当时希望那个女人能向自己道歉。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dismiss解雇，搁置（忽视）；B. make做；C. deserve应受；D. inspect检查。根据下文“got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee”可知，作者最后决定忽视掉这件小事，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她站在一排的最后，这样她就可以停车了。A. coffee咖啡；B. pastry油酥糕点、点心；C. purse钱包；D. vehicle车辆。根据上文“a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter ( 踏板车)”和“she could park”可知，这样她就可以停车了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的电动踏板车上。A. poured倒入；B. finished完成；C. ordered预定；D. purchased购买。根据下文“she got up and back onto her scooter”可知，大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的车上。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：它发动不了。她试着转动钥匙几次，然后打电话给她购买踏板车的地方。A. so所以；B. until直到；C. unless除非；D. before之前。根据下文“she telephoned the place she purchased it from”可知，在打电话给她购买踏板车的地方之前，她试着转动了几次钥匙。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：工程师不到5分钟就来了。A. broke in打断；B. turned up出现；C. ran away跑开；D. settled down安定下来。根据上文“An engineer”可知，一个工程师在5分钟之内就出现了。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车。A. collected收集、领取；B. stolen偷；C. fixed修理；D. abandoned抛弃。根据下文“This was her very first outing in it”可知，作者听到这个女人当天早上才买了这个踏板车，这是她第一次骑着它外出。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对驾驶它感到非常紧张。A. concerned担心的，烦恼的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. confident自信的；D. nervous不安的，紧张的。根据上文“This was her very first outing in it”可知，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，她不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度，这种组合使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常紧张。A. width宽度；广度；B. length长度；C. weight重量；D. height高度。根据前文“she wasn’t used to its speed”可知，这个女人对于这个车的速度和宽度都感到不安。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cool凉爽的；B. convenient方便的；C. stressful有压力的；D. desperate拼命的，绝望的。根据下文“to drive it through narrow gaps”可知，该位女士对电动脚踏车的速度以及宽度都不适应，所以使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常有压力。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我对这位女士产生了同情。A. pleasure愉快；B. regret遗憾；C. appreciation欣赏；D. sympathy同情。根据前文“This was her very first outing in it. She felt really ____10____ about driving it. Certainly, she wasn’t used to its speed, nor its ____11____ , and this combination made it quite ____12____ to drive it through narrow gaps.”可知，作者忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张，所以她压到作者的脚，作者此时已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开车从我脚上碾过，我真的一点也不烦扰了。A. strike撞；B. bother烦扰；C. satisfy使满意；D. motivate使有动机，促动。根据前文“Suddenly, I felt ____13____ for the lady.”可知，作者已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了，因此作者此时觉得之前被那个女人压到脚的事已经不再困扰自己了。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下次你要评价别人的时候，暂停一下，提醒自己人们在不了解你的思想或生活的情况下就对你进行了评价。A. judge判断；B. hug拥抱；C. persuade劝说；D. tease取笑、戏弄。根据后文“someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life.”可知，作者认为，当你要判断一个人时，应该先仔细思考地一下。故选A。 第二节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面的句子，在白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 36. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one __________(perform). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】performance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他灵感爆发，叫粉丝制作视频，他自己将视频整合成一个表演。空格处作介词into的宾语，且为数词one所修饰，此空应为可数名词单数。故填performance。 37. The ________ (roll) ball came to rest at the foot of the hill. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】rolling 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这个滚动的球在山脚下停住了。空格处作定语修饰名词ball，因所给词roll与ball构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用其现在分词形式rolling。故填rolling。 38. The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been __________ (gather) in. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】gathered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：收获节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的。句中crops与gather之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词与have been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填gathered。 39. They consulted the Premier about his new plan for _________ (agricultural). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】agriculture 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们就总理的农业新计划向他请教。设空处使用名词作宾语。agriculture为agricultural的名词，意为“农业”。故填agriculture。 40. The newly-married couple were satisfied to see the furniture _________ (tailor) a few days ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】tailored 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新婚夫妇对几天前定制的家具感到满意。句中were satisfied为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处furniture与tailor之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填tailored。 41. The school doesn’t allow us to leave school without the headteacher’s _________(permit). （所给词适当形式填空） 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有校长的允许，学校不允许我们离开学校。设空处使用permit的名词permission作介词without的宾语。故填permission。 42. The scientist tries to find something more effective because the available drug is of _________ (limit) value in treating cancer. （所给词适当形式填空） 【答案】limited 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家试图找到更有效的药物，因为现有的药物在治疗癌症方面价值有限。设空处使用limit的形容词limited作定语修饰名词value，意为“有限的”。故填limited。 43. They got into a heated _________ (argue) on whether to accept the invitation. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们就是否接受邀请展开了激烈的争论。空格处为动词短语got into的宾语，因此应为名词。故填argument。 44. One should remain calm and think of ways _________ (escape) when facing danger. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to escape 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当面临危险时，一个人应该保持冷静，想办法逃跑。句中ways to do为固定短语，意为“做某事的方法”,动词不定式作后置定语。故填to escape。 45. People who can speak English are in the _________ (minor) in this country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】minority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：会说英语的人在这个国家是少数。分析句子可知，冠词the后面应填名词，minority表“少数人”，为名词，在本句中作介词后宾语，in the minority表“占少数”，为固定搭配。故填minority。 46. He was _________ (reject) by the army because of his poor eyesight. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】rejected 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：由于视力不好，他被军队拒之门外。句中by the army表示“被军队……”，此处应该使用动词的过去分词与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填rejected。 47. The coach was extremely strict so that everyone was _________ (scare) of him. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】scared 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：教练非常严厉，每个人都怕他。设空处使用scare的形容词scared作表语。故填scared。 48. Built by Qin Shi Huang as a _________ (defend) against the enemies for the North, today, the Great Wall is the symbol of China to the rest of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】defence##defense 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：秦始皇建造的长城是一道抵御北方敌人的防御工事。今天，长城是中国面向世界的象征。。提示词作宾语，用名词形式defence或者defense，意为“防御物，防御工事”，结合冠词a可知，用单数名词。故填defence/defense。 49. Confucius believed in the so-called “golden rule” of _________ (哲学): Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】philosophy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：孔子信奉所谓的哲学“黄金法则”：己所不欲，勿施于人。设空处使用名词作介词of的宾语。表示“哲学”用philosophy。故填philosophy。 50. She _________ (以某种方法) learnt how to play the piano on her own when she was very young. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】somehow 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她不知怎地在很小的时候就开始自学弹钢琴了。表示“不知怎的，以某种方法”使用副词somehow作状语。故填somehow。 51. Rose felt honored to be chosen to _________ (代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】represent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：罗斯很荣幸被选为代表她的班级参加英语演讲比赛。设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“代表”用represent。故填represent。 52. If something is _________ (宝贵的) to you, you regard it as important and do not want to lose it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】precious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果某样东西对你来说是珍贵的，你就会认为它很重要，不想失去它。设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“宝贵的，珍贵的”用precious。故填precious。 53. People in this _________ (地区) all praised the government’s decision to close the chemical factory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】district 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个地区的人们都赞扬了政府关闭化工厂的决定。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“地区”应用district，为可数名词，由this可知，这里应用单数形式作介词后宾语。故填district。 54. He told me the _________ (步骤) was simple, but I couldn’t make it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】procedure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他告诉我步骤很简单，但我做不到。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“步骤”应用procedure，为可数名词，且由空后was可知，这里应用单数形式作主语。故填procedure。 55. Honesty is an important _________ (要素) of his achieving great success in business. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】element 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：诚实是他在事业上取得巨大成功的一个重要因素。设空处使用名词作表语。表示“要素”用element，结合空格前的an可知用单数名词即可。故填element。 第四部分 书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分） 56. 假设你是李华，你所在的班级举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。 赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点 1.获得新知识； 2.从太空取得新资源； 3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 1.耗资巨大； 2.宇航员的安全问题。 …… 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO? We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO? We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Different students have different attitudes towards it. Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human being. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future. However, others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space. In my opinion, people should be pioneering, and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生就班会讨论的主题：太空的意义，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 态度、观点：attitude → opinion / viewpoint / perspective 重要的：important → significant / crucial 其次：second → then / in the second place / besides 在我看来：in my opinion → from my perspective / as far as I am concerned 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. 拓展句：However, those who are strongly against it believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.(运用了it形式宾语和because引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 1-5.CBABB 6-10.BCACB 11-15.CCCAB 16-20.CCCAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$