第二章七选五解题策略与训练-【初高中·衔接直通车】2024年初升高英语衔接直通车（江苏专版）

第二篇初高能力衔接 第二章七选五解题策略与训练 七选五题型解读C了3 ◆◆◆ 七选五是高中阅读理解中的一种考查阅 及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以作出 读的新题型，即给出一篇缺少五个句子的文 以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文 章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选： 章整体内容)、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释 出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题 性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两 型要求从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填：个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如 入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文： 主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主 章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的： 题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注 理解和掌握。 释性句子与上文脱节等。 七选五和传统题型完形填空有些类似， 一般来说，解题步骤为： 虽然完形填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五 1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基 考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是 本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句， 一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连： 寻找并画出关键词。 贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因 2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感 此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。 度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔 该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又 接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的 与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，：空与选项是否匹配。 以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全 3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上 相同而已。 做出标记，以避免干扰和分散注意力。 从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述 4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文 “主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以：逻辑，再次确定选项。 七选五解题策略G。 根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解 (2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着 题策略。 重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然 1.如果空在段首 后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的 (1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内 最后一句与空后的第一句在意思上是紧密 容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其 衔接的。 他相关词，从而推断出主题句。 65 初高中衔接直通车·英语 (3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅 (5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如 读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内 在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时 容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启 可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。 下，将两段内容连起来。 (6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅 2.如果空在段尾 读，看此处是细节还是主题。 (1)重点阅读空前的一两句以锁定关键词。 3.如果空构成一整个段 (2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项 (1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且 中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词， 自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重 选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。 点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正 (3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注 确答案。 意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词， (2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的 同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题 一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通 上形成对立、对比关系。 常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往 (4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情 比前一段结尾更重要。 况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他 (3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连 细节，在选项中会出现表示并列递进关系 贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出 入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即 现同义词等其他线索。 为正确答案。 七选五专练C⑦ ◆◆◆ A Read the Description.The reviews and Many people expect to read a good quotes in the book may give you an idea of book,so how to choose a good book is very what the book is about.They can also help important.Follow these tips. you pick future books,too.If you find a Start With Your Interest.Reading for book you really like,take a minute to read fun isn't like reading for school.1 They the quotes and see which writers praised the can be something about cooking,computers,or book.3 fashion design. Find a Family Favorite.Which book did What's Your Type?Do you prefer fiction your mother love best when she was at your (小说)or nonfiction(or both)？Fiction books, age? 4 Find out and read them,then like novels,can transport you to another world your family can share the thoughts about the or help you imagine something beyond your book. own experience.Nonfiction books give you the Finally,you'll probably enjoy the book who,what,when,and why of something. much more if you find a quiet place and 2 Many of them are interesting from make time for it.5 But you can also beginning to end. play some good music,get yourself some tea 66 第二篇初高能力衔接 and let yourself be carried away by the museums,which would have seemed boring book.You'll see that time does fly when and dull to some of my friends.I walked all you're reading something you love! around the city,which some people may A.How about your brothers and sisters? have found too exhausting.3 Instead,I B.Reading is a good way to improve your discovered my independence and developed English. map-reading skill that I didn't know I had.I C.You can choose something you love to could get up and go to sleep when I wanted, read,not for school. and I didn't have to wait for anyone else to D.So you should read as much as possible shower and get ready every morning. when you are free. 4 I missed having someone to talk E.Most reading is best enjoyed when you to and discuss things with.Experiences are can concentrate on it. often more enjoyable if they are shared,and F.They tell stories using facts-but that part of the fun of traveling is the memories doesn't mean they're boring. you have afterwards. G.Often,they'll have similar styles and you I am very proud of myself for traveling might find books you like by those alone and I had a fantastic time in Toronto. writers,too. 5 However,it depends on who you B travel with-I would rather be by myself Traveling alone can be challenging.I than with someone who is lazy and difficult. have traveled by myself many times,but A.I'm not alone in my preference for solo every time there was someone to meet me at travel. the other end of the bus,train,or plane B.But I think I will always prefer to travel journey.1 with another person or in a small group Last week I had a vacation from work, in the future. but none of my friends had the same week C.Solo travel is also a journey for the mind off.I decided that I still wanted to do and soul. something,so I booked a train ride to: D.This time was different. Toronto and reserved a bed in a hostel for E.I didn't rely on someone else to suggest one week. activities or remember directions. One week by myself.Would I be F.In fact,there are many benefits that come lonely?Would I be bored?Quite the from traveling alone. opposite. 2 Firstly,I was able to do G.But I found that there were also some whatever I wanted.I spent hours in: disadvantages of traveling alone. 67参考答案 意出于安全考虑，国家公寓内不允许使用婴儿 ‘whether you are a boss or a cleaner..,"以及此段 车。然而，婴儿背带是可以借用的。)”可知，特别 中“I smiled and remembered Dad's words.”以及 为带孩子的游客提供一个婴儿背带。故选B。 最后一段中“Through every job I have ever had,. 2.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Non-com my father's words have always stayed with me. mercial photography and filming are welcomed in 可知，作者无论做什么事，都时刻记得父亲的话， the Castle.Photography,video recording and 为自己的工作骄做，这就需要作者做好自己的每 filming are not permitted inside the State Apart- : 一份工作，所以父亲的话一直鼓励作者把每件事 ments or St George's Chapel.Mobile phone 都做好，故选D。 must be switched off inside the State Apart- 第二章 七选五解题策略与训练 ments and St George's Chapel in consideration of 七选五专练 other visitors.(城堡欢迎非商业摄影和拍摄。不 A 允许在国家公寓或圣乔治教堂内摄影、录像和拍： 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何选 摄。考虑到其他游客，在国家公寓和圣乔治教堂 择一本好书给出了一些建议。 内必须关闭手机。)”可知，要求游客关掉手机是：l.C根据上文“Start With Your Interest.Reading 为了防止他们打扰别人。故选C。 3A粮理判断题，恭格第一找“Wdom心口 for fun isn't like reading for school..(从你的兴趣 开始。为乐趣而阅读不像为学校而阅读。)”可 Windsor Castle,the oldest and largest occupied 知，本段讲的是为兴趣而读书。选项C“You can castle in the world.Windsor is one of the official choose something you love to read,not for residences(住所)of the Queen,who sometimes school.(你可以选择你喜欢读的东西，但不是为 stays here.(欢迎来到温莎城堡，这是世界上最 了上学。)”和前文的逻辑一致，符合上文。故 古老、最大的有人居住的城堡。温莎是女王的官： 选C。 邸之一，女王有时会住在这里。)”结合文章主要： 2.F根据上文“Nonfiction books give you the 介绍了一些参观温莎城堡的注意事项。可推知， who,what,when,and why of something. 文章可能选自旅游指南。故选A。 虚构类书籍会告诉你关于某件事的人物、事件、 B 时间和原因。)”以及下文“Many of them are in 【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过 teresting from beginning to end.(其中很多从头 作者第一次工作的经历，说明我们要对自己所做的 到尾都很有趣。)”可知，空处指的是这类小说并 工作感到骄傲。无论做什么，哪怕再微不足道的工 不无聊。选项F“They tell stories using facts 作，我们都要认真对待。 but that doesn't mean they're boring..(他们用事 4.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“When I was 15, 实讲故事，但这并不意味着他们无聊。)”符合文 I got a summer job in a hospital.I was told that 意。故选F。 my duties would include sweeping floors.”可知：3.G根据上文“They can also help you pick future 作者的第一份工作是在医院里负责清洁的，是清 books,too.If you find a book you really like, 洁工。故选C。 take a minute to read the quotes and see which 5.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“Each morning I writers praised the book..(他们也可以帮助你挑 imagined that the dirty dishes would make pa- 选未来的书。如果你找到了一本你非常喜欢的 tients more sick if I were not there to wash them 书，花点时间读一下里面的引言，看看哪些作家 clean.After breakfast was done,I started 对这本书表示了赞扬。)”可知，本段讲的是选择 sweeping the floors of all patient rooms and 书本时引言的重要性。选项G“Often,they'll cleaning the toilets..”可知我在医院里需要洗餐 have similar styles and you might find books you 具，扫地和打扫厕所，所以选项B“照顾病人”不 like by those writers,too.(通常，他们会有相似 是作者做的，故选B。 的风格，你可能会发现这些作家的书你也喜 6.A推理判断题。根据第一段中“Though I was 欢。)”是上文的延伸，与上文一致。故选G。 tired,I wanted the job to be done well.Hearing:4.A根据上文“Find a Family Favorite.Which people say 'That young boy really does a good book did your mother love best when she was at job',I was filled with pride”可知作者在医院工 your age?(找到家人最喜欢的。你母亲在你这 作做得非常好，受到很多人的赞扬，可推知作者 么大的时候最喜欢哪本书？)”可知，本段讲的是 在医院里时，工作非常努力，故选A。 问问家人的喜好。选项A“How about your 7.D推理判断题。根据第一段中“·Be proud of brothers and sisters?(你的兄弟姐妹喜欢什么 what you do,'my father always told me, 书？)”与上文一致。故选A。 99 初高中衔接直通车·英语 5.E根据上文“Finally,you'll probably enjoy the 第三章 完形填空解题策略与训练 book much more if you find a quiet place and 完形填空专练 make time for it..(最后，如果你找到一个安静的 地方，抽出时间来读，你可能会更喜欢这本书。)” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。瑞思有一个梦 可知，本段建议要专心读书。选项E“Most read- 想，那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水，而这 ing is best enjoyed when you can concentrate on 在当初的我看来是不可能的，但瑞恩凭借着坚持不 L.(大多数阅读的乐趣都是在你全神贯注的时候 懈的努力最终梦想成真，这也让我见证了梦想的力 才能享受。)”符合上下文文意。故选E。 量是多么伟大。 1.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我听说过鼓 【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过： 励孩子们要自信，要有远大的梦想。A.free免费 自己的经历描述了独自旅行的利弊。 的：B.confident自信的；C.friendly友好的： l.D根据上文“I have traveled by myself many D.curious好奇的。根据空前的“ButI'd heard a- times,but every time there was someone to bout encouraging children to be”以及空后“and meet me at the other end of the bus,train,or plane journey.(我自己旅行过很多次，但每次都 dream big dreams.So I didn't want to say that 有人在巴士、火车或飞机的另一端接我。)”可知， he couldn'tmake a2.”可知，作者听说过要 鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B。 作者自己旅行过很多次，每次到达都有人接，结 合下文讲述朋友们没有时间，作者独自度假可： 2.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不想说他 知，D项“这一次不同”符合语境。故选D。 不会有所作为。A.decision决定；B.impression 2.F根据上文“Would I be lonely?Would I be: 印象：C.difference影响：D.fortune命运。根据 bored?Quite the opposite,(我会孤独吗？我会 前文“I thought,oh,boy！ButI'd heard about 感到无聊吗？恰恰相反。)”可知，作者觉得独自 encouraging children to be 1 and dream big 旅行不会感到弧独和无聊，下文“Firstly,Iwas dreams.So I didn't want to say that he couldn't able to do whatever I wanted..(首先，我可以做任 make a”可知，作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实，所以 何我想做的事情。)”是讲述独自旅行的好处，故F项 在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。make a differ- “事实上，独自旅行有很多好处”引起下文，故选F。 ence意为“有影响，起作用”。故选C。 3.E根据下文“Instead,I discovered my inde- 3.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他打算赚钱 pendence and developed map-reading skill that I: 在非洲打一口井。A.well井；B.house房子： didn'tknow I had..(相反，我发现了自己的独立 C.factory工厂：D.facility设施。根据后文“he 性，并培养了自己以前不知道自己拥有的看地图 was told that it actually 5 $2,000 to build a 的技能。)”可知，作者发现了自己的独立性，空处 well.”可知，Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A。 与下文是相反的情况，应是提及依赖别人的情 4.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社 况，E项“我不依赖别人来建议活动或记住方向” 区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机 符合语境。故选E。 构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元 4,G上文是讲述独自旅行的好处，结合下文“1： A.lent借给；B.paid偿还；C.gave给；D,showed missed having someone to talk to and discuss 展示。根据后文“his first$70 made by doing things with.(我想念有个人可以交谈和讨论事情 chores in neighborhood to a charity(慈善机构)， 的情况。)”可知，下文是转而讲述其缺点，所以空 he was told that it actually 5 $2,000 to 处与上文是转折关系，应是描述独自旅行也有缺 build a well..”可知，儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给 点。G项“但是我发现独自旅行也有一些块点”符 了当地的慈善机构。故选C。 合语境。故选G。 5.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社 5.B上文“I am very proud of myself for traveling 区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机 alone and I had a fantastic time in Toronto. 构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。 为自己独自旅行感到自豪，我在多伦多度过了一 A.cost花费；B.offered提供；C.wasted浪费； 段美好的时光。)”提到作者很自豪独自去旅行，： D,acquired获得。根据空前“he was told that it 下文“However,it depends on who you travel: actually”以及空后“$2,000 to build a well.It with(然而，它取决于你和谁一起旅行)”是描述和 was a lot of money,”可知，打一口井的费用是 别人一起旅行的情况，故B项“但是我想我以后： 2000美元。故选A。 会更喜欢和别人一起旅行，或者和一个小团体一 6.D考查动词短语辩析。句意：这是一大笔钱，但 起旅行”符合语境。故选B。 瑞恩没有放弃。A.carry on继续；B.turn up出 100