专题六主谓一致-【初高中·衔接直通车】2024年初升高英语衔接直通车（江苏专版）

第一篇 初高知识衔接 5. It's necessary for you (keep) the 12. David apologized for him (be) classroom clean,class not able to inform me of the change in 6. Though he often made his little sister the plan. ## ,today he was made 13. Our teacher tried to speak louder in her.(cry) order to made herself (hear). 14. Though 7.- Bob, I'm not good at English. What (lack) money, his parents managed to send him should I do? to university. Why not join an English club to 15. He sent me an e-mail. (hope) practice (speak) English? 8. A nurse to get further information. (name) Carolyn will II.翻译句子 look after the baby when his mother (be) away. 1.今天我有很多作业要做。 9. When President Xi Jinping has spare 2.哥哥鼓励我学日语。 time, he enjoys (read) and sports. 3.我经常看到那位老人在公园散步 10. Tom's (speak) English is excellent. 4.老师来了,手里拿着一本书。 11. I can't help (do) the work for her because she's too young to do it. 专题六主谓一致 衔接目-标-导一引 所谓主谓一致,是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。(这一点与汉语不同,汉语虽涉 及人称和数,但谓语形式上没有变化。) 初中考点 高中考点 ·理解主谓一致定义 .熟练掌握主谓一致 ·掌握主谓一致的基本用法 ·特殊词汇的主谓一致 ·主谓一致三大原则 初高中衔接直通车·英语 初中要点回顾G 一、语法一致 【温馨提示】 and连接并列主语,若前面 语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式 有each,every,many a,no one 等词修饰 上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词 时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:Each boy and each girl has got a present. 用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复 4. 不定代词another,eachone,either. 数形式。 neither, the other, somebody, someone. 1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不 something,nobody, everybody, everyone. 定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作 everything, nothing, anybody, anything 主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如 anyone,noone等作主语时,谓语动词用 Reading in the morning is good for 单数形式。如: learning English. Everyone is getting ready for the exam 早读对学生英语有好处。 每个人都为考试做好了准备。 【温馨提示】what从句作主语时,如果表 5.主语后面跟with,alongwith,like,except. 示的是单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式; besides, as well as, together with, including, no less than, rather than, as 如果表示的是复数意义,则谓语动词用复 muchas等词或短语时,谓语动词的数与 数形式。如:What we need is time. 主语保持一致。如: What we need are good books. Mei Mei, together with her parents, often 2.表示复数的名词、代词作主语时,谓语动词 goes to the park on Sunday. 用复数形式。如: 美美与她的父母经常在星期日去公园。 The students are having their math class 6.anumberof十复数名词作主语时,谓语动 学生们正在上数学课。 词用复数形式;thenumberof十复数名词 3.以“and”或“both...and...”连接的并列主 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: 语的主谓一致问题。 A number of trees have been planted. 当主语是由“and”或“both.,,and.,,”连接 已经种了许多种树。 The number of the students in our school 的并列结构时,如果该并列主语指的是两 is2,000. 个或两个以上的人或事物,谓语动词用复 我们学校的学生人数是2000人。 数形式;如果该并列主语指的是“同一个人 7.“分数或百分数十名词”作主语或“alotof/ 或事物”(即and后面的名词前面没有冠 lots of,plentyof,most of+名词”作主语 词),则谓语动词要用单数形式。如: 时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词 Eating vegetables and doing exercise are 若名词是单数可数名词或者是不可数名 good for our health. 词,则谓语动词用单数形式;若名词是可数 吃疏菜和做运动对我们的健康有益。 名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。如: 2 第一篇 初高知识衔接 Two thirds of the work has been finished. 续表 三分之二的工作已经完成了。 短 主语 例句 Most of the books are written in English. Sixty minutes is an hour. 大部分图书是英文的。 表示数目、时 晚 60分钟是一小时。 One hundred dollars 8.以-s结尾的名词作主语时的主谓一致问题 间、金钱、距离 的名词 (1)以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一 enough. 100美元就够了。 致问题。 两个及两个以 某些以-s结尾的地理名称,如果是国名,如 上由and连接单 The scientist and inventor is 的并列主语表数 the United States, theNetherlands 等,谓 his father.那位科学家兼发 同一概念 明家是他父亲。 语动词用单数形式:如果是群岛。 脉、海 峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语,谓语动词用复 The 两个及两个以 scientist and the 上由and连接复 数形式。如: inventor are coming to our 的并列主语表数 The United States is a developed country. school.那位科学家和那位发 不同概念 明家要到我们学校来。 The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most Neither of the books is splendid waterfall in the world. interesting. (2)以-s结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一 两本书都没有趣。 each, either, Nobody likes you if 致问题。 you neither,或由 doso. 某些以-s结尾的学科名称作主语时,如 some,any,no. 你若这样做没有人会喜 physics,mathematics(maths),politics等. every构成的 欢你。 合成词 谓语动词用单数形式。如: Everything is ready. 万事俱备。 Physics is very hard for me to learn. Each of them wants to come. (3)其他以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题。 他们每个人都想来。 世数数 英语中有些只有复数形式的名词(如 None has been there before. 以前没人去过那里。 glasses, shorts, trousers, jeans, shoes. none None want to leave now. clothes,gloves等)作主语时,谓语动词用 现在没人想走。 复数形式。如:Jack'sglassesarebroken. a great many十 ☆ A great many students have 二、意义一致 n. 或 agreat learned about it. number of十n. 很多同学已对它有所了解。 = 主语 例句 the number of单 The number of the students is Her family has moved to 十n. 数100.学生数量是100。 集体名词当整 斑 Beijing. 体看待 她家搬到北京去了。 The cattle are sold up. cattle, people. 牛都卖光了。 Her family are watching # police 等 作 The police ask us not to 集体名词当各 TV now. 主语 comeby. 个成员看待 她的家人现在正在看电视。 警察让我们不要靠近。 51 初高中衔接直通车·英语 三、就近原则 Neither you nor he is wrong. 就近一致原则也叫邻近原则,是指谓语动 你和他都没有错。 词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 2.“there/herebe”句型中的主谓一致问题 1. 由or等连词连接的并列主语的主谓一致 问题 “there/herebe”句型中句子的主语在be 由 or, either... or..., nor, neither... 之后,如果是并列主语,系动词be必须与 nor...,whether... or...,not...but.... 它相邻的主语保持一致。如: not only...butalso...等连接并列主语 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 时,谓语动词必须与它相邻的主语保持一 桌子上有一本书和两支笔。 致。如: 高中考点对接- 一、主谓一致中的特殊情况 二、定语从句中的单复数 a large quantity of,quantities of {十名词 当考查定语从句中的谓语动词形式时,需 a large amount of,amounts of 首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁,单数还 作主语时,谓语动词应由quantity或 是复数概念,从而决定从句中谓语的单、复 amount的数而定。(这两个词的用法是主 数形式。如: 谓一致中的难点,同时也是常考点)另外 Mary is one of the students who were late 还有akindof和kinds of。如; for school. Quantities of food are wasted every day. 玛丽是迟到的学生之一。 每天都有大量的食物被浪费。 Amounts of money were spent on this Mary is the only one of the students who project. was late for school. 在这个项目上花了大量的钱。 玛丽是唯一迟到的学生。 语法要点专练C I.用所给词的适当形式填空 3.-1 How soon can you finish this job -Two days 1. It is said that every boy and every girl (be)not enough (have)a cell phone in this for me to finish the work. I need a week school,which (do)great harm to 4. (be) that pair of glasses a little their learning. cheaper? (be)very 2. She,like you and Tom. 5. A number of volunteers (be) tall. willing to teach in China's rural areas. 2 第一篇 初高知识衔接 6. In our hospital, the number of women 14. Not only my friends but also I doctors (be)larger and larger. (be) interested in football and Messi is 7. -Why are you late,Jim? our favorite star. -Because there (be)a lot of 15. Swimming in the pool with the children traffic when I came here. (be)very interesting. 8.We each strong points and each II.翻译句子 weak of us,on the other hand, 1.做眼保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 points.(have) 9. Everyone except Tom and John (be)there when the meeting began 2.那位作家兼教师来了。 10. There (be) more and more foreigners learning Chinese now. 3.不仅约翰,也包括我,下周都要去上海。 11. -What are you going to do this weekend? -I together with my classmates 4.他是准时到达那里的学生之一。 (be)going to climb Mount Qian. 12. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMS. (sell)well. 5.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。 13.-Excuse me, sir, smoking (allow)in the gas station. -Oh,Im really sorry. 专题七 并列句和复合句 衔接目标导引 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。复合句是由一个主句和一个或者一个以 上的从句构成的句子,主要包括名词性从句,状语从句和定语从句 初中考点 高中考点 .并列句的应用 ·熟练掌握并列句 ·名词性从句(宾语从句) ·名词性从句中的另外三种形式:主语从句,表语 .状语从句 从句和同位语从句 .定语从句 ·进一步学习状语从句和定语从句 53初高中衔接直通车·英语 some of her familyphotos是直接宾语。A.主 is 9. reading 10. spoken 11. doing 12. being 语十谓语十宾语;B.主语十系动词十表语;C.主 13. heard 14. lacking 15. hoping 语谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语:D.主语+谓 I 语十宾语十宾语补足语。故选C项。 1. I have a lot of work to do today. 18.C 考查句子与句子成分。句意:妈妈给我买了 2. My brother encourages me to learn Japanese. 一些漂亮的礼物。主语S是Mum,谓语V是 3. I often see the old man walk in the park. bought,间接宾语I0是me,直接宾语DO是 4. The teacher is coming, with a book in his hand some nice presents。所以该句子结构是S十V十 专题六 主谓一致 I0+DO,故选C项。 语法要点专练 专题三 动词的时态 1. 语法要点专练 1. has; does 2. is 3. is 4. Is 5. are 6. is I. 7. was 8. have; has 9. was 10. are 11. are 1. writes 2. was shining 3. goes 4. was cooking 12. sells 13. isn't allowed 14. am 15. is 5. sounds 6. are saving 7. had hoped 8:has . taught 9. would take 10. had collected 1. Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes II. 2. The writer and teacher is coming. 1. are having 2. would buy 3. flies 4. stopped 3. Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai 5. am going to listen 6. were studying 7. have next week. lived 8. was watching 9. had lived 10. goes 4. He is one of the students who get there on time. 专题四 动词的语态 5. Three fourths of the surface of the earth is cov 语法要点专练 ered with water. 1. 专题七 并列句和复合句 1. Trees and flowers can be seen everywhere in our 语法要点专练 hometown. 1. 2. More trees should be planted on Tree Planting 1. where 2. which/that 3. whom 4. who: that Day. 5. when 6. and 7. that 8. If 9. after 10. where 3. In 2ol2,Li Hua,a college student,was chosen to Ill, work for the Olympic Games. 1. As soon as 2. When 3. whatever 4. such; 4. The good dictionaries have been sold out already. that 5. so that 6. so; that 7. where 8. until 5. I have been told that the papers are being I. marked. 1. When she came in 2. Where there is 3. be 6. When I got to the office, Sandy was being ques- cause he got up late 4. Although/Though they tioned. are poor 5. whether/if 6. what he said 7. By the end of next year, the work will have been 7. Whether completed. 第二篇 8. The painting is expected to go for at least a mil- lion dollars. 第一章 阅读理解解题策略与训练 II. 阅读理解专练 1. is planted 2. is being interviewed 3. been sent A 【语篇导读】 4. will be put off 5. lock 1 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍 I. 了一些参观温莎城堡的注意事项。 3. is racing 4. see 1. was asked 2. has won 1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“For thosevisiting 5. will tell 6. put 7. was preparing 8. am get- with children, a special family tour and various ting 9. should be 10. will shall; tell activities are offered during school holidays and 专题五 非谓语动词 at weekends. Please note that, for safety rea- 语法要点专练 sons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State I. Apartments. However, baby carriers are availa- 1. to develop 2. to read 3. to watch 4. to wake ble toborrow.(对于带孩子的游客,学校在假期 5. to keep 6. cry; to cry 7. speaking 8. named; 和周末提供特别的家庭旅游和各种活动。请注 98