精品解析：广东鹤山市鹤华中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末热身考试英语试题

鹤华中学2023—2024学年度第二学期江门统考热身试 英语（高二） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Group Study Rooms Policy The Library’s group study rooms are for current students, academic use only. Reserving Rooms *Reserve a room at https://biblio.csusm.edu/groupstudy. *5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance; 3rd & 2nd floor rooms open to reservations 1 week in advance; 4th floor rooms open to reservations 24 hours in advance. *Rooms can be reserved for a maximum of 3 hours per visit and up to 12 hours total per week. Rooms can be reserved once per day per person. *Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room. *Reservations can be deleted. Please do so if the room is no longer needed. To delete your reservation, go to the calendar and click the room, date and time, then select Delete Entry. *If the room you reserved is occupied, you may ask the group to leave or request assistance from staff at the Media Desk (2nd floor). Use of rooms *Drinks in covered containers and small individual snacks are allowed. *Doors should be kept closed when in use. *Sound travels, even with the door closed-respect those studying around you by keeping the volume at a reasonable level. *Visibility of the space is not to be blocked. Windows are not to be covered in any way. 1. Which rooms can be booked 2 weeks earlier? A. Those on the second floor. B. Those on the fifth floor. C. Those on the fourth floor. D. Those on the third floor. 2. What happens if students show up 10 minutes later than the set time? A. The reservation will be canceled automatically. B. They will be contacted by staff at the Media Desk. C. The reservation must be deleted online immediately. D. They have to make another reservation for the day. 3. What are students banned from doing while staying in a group study room? A. Having some bottled drinks. B. Keeping the door closed. C. Covering the windows. D. Whispering to other students. B “Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever things weren’t going my way. “Don’t worry. One day your luck will change.” Mother was right, as I discovered after I had finished my college education, I had decided to try for a job in radio. One day, I wanted to host a sports programme. I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station. But I got turned down every time. In one station, a kind lady said my problem was that I hadn’t got enough experience. “Get some work with a small station and work your way up,” she said. I went back home. I couldn’t get a job there, either. Then my dad told me a businessman had opened a store and needed someone to help him. But again, I didn’t get the job. I felt really down. “Your luck will change,” Mom said to me. Dad lent me the car to help me to look for my job. I tried another radio station in Iowa. But the owner, an iceman, told me he had already had someone. As I left his office, I asked, “How can someone be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the lift when I heard the man call, “What did you mean? Do you know anything about football?” He put me in front of a microphone and asked me to try to imagine that I was giving my opinion on a football game, I succeeded. On my way home, Mom’s words come back to me, “One day your luck will change, Son. And when it happens, it’ll feel doubly good because of all the hard work you’ve had.” At that moment I knew just what she meant. 4. What’s the writer’s ideal job? A. A sportsman. B. A shop assistant. C. A sports announcer. D. A businessman. 5. What does the underlined sentence “But I got turned down every time” mean? A. But I was refused every time. B. But I was successful every time. C. But I lost my way every time. D. But the door of every station was always closed. 6. What the best title of this passage? A. Mother’s Words. B. Everything Happens for the Best. C. No One Is Always Lucky. D. To Find a Job in Radio Is Difficult. 7. Which words can be used to describe the writer’s mother? A. Strong-willed and independent. B. Easy-going and warm-hearted. C. Caring and optimistic. D. Humorous and responsible. C Back in January, my partner and I decided to take exercise seriously. This would mean spending hours every week grunting, stretching and sweating our way to better health, which is something that is particularly difficult when you glance at the weather outside and see dark clouds on the horizon. “Looks like it is about to rain, I guess I’ll go for a run tomorrow instead.” But then just as we were on the edge of giving up again, we discovered a brilliant new way to make exercise better: by turning it into a video-game. SWIFT is a cycling game that you control by pedaling your real bike, which is fixed onto a device called a turbo-trainer. As you pedal, the trainer sends signals back to your computer to control the character on screen. And smartly, the game sends back instructions to the trainer to apply different levels of resistance (阻力), so that as you’re cycling up a hill in the game, you can actually feel it on the bike. So one small garage renovation later and after signing up for a $12 per month subscription, we had our TV, bike and all-important cooling fan ready to go. Once you’re set up, you can participate in virtual cycle rides in 3D-recreations of real places, like London and New York, or fictional locations. And importantly, other real human cyclists appear alongside you, sharing your journey. The genius of the design is that it has used lots of the tricks of traditional video-games to keep pushing you a little bit further and harder: go a little faster, and you’ll be rewarded with a little achievement marker, and if you pedal harder, you might win a race against another real player. It’s essentially generating for same sort of dopamine (多巴胺) hits that riding along on a traditional exercise bike simply can’t match. I’m not the only person who has noticed this. Today many other companies in the tech industry are chasing the same audience and they all offer their own unique twists on the formula. 8. Why does the author mention the weather in paragraph 1? A. To explain the lack of his own willpower. B. To complain about the unstable weather. C. To show the limitation of traditional exercise. D. To illustrate the difficulties in fulfilling his resolution. 9. Which is NOT a must for SWIFT users? A. Monthly payment. B. 3D Glasses. C. A real bike. D. A turbo-trainer. 10. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why SWIFT works well on health. B. Who are the target users of SWIFT. C. What physical benefits SWIFT users get. D. How SWIFT motivates its users. 11. What is the attitude of the tech industry towards the idea of SWIFT? A. Unclear. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Negative D In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste. The limited lifespan of many tech gadgets(设备)has caused the issue of e-waste to increase over the years. “People tend not to realize that all these seemingly insignificant things have a lot of value, especially in large amounts, ”Pascal Leroy, director general of the WEEE Forum, said in a statement How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers. Actually, large amounts of e-waste are shipped to developing countries that lack the power to refuse and safely recycle these imports. The WHO warned that children, with their smaller hands, are often used to deal with mountains of e-waste in developing nations in search of valuable elements such as copper, silver, palladium and so on. The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry. Personally, what can you do to reduce the e-waste burden? Find an e-waste disposal(处理) service. The impact of recycling e-waste can be staggering. For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered. Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible 12. What might come along with companies launching new e-products? A. More electronic waste. B. Few optional tech gadgets. C. Limited lifespan of the devices. D. Important things for consumers. 13. Why are children greatly influenced by e-waste according to the WHO? A. Developed countries can’t recycle e-waste safely. B. E-waste mountains are places for children to play. C. Many valuable elements can be found on e-waste mountains. D. Children are hired in the informal e-waste processing industry. 14. What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Annoying. D. Challenging. 15. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. What is the source of e-waste? B. E-waste—a serious problem? C. E-waste—a processing industry? D. What to do with your e-waste? 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分。） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One of the great literature works in China is Journey to the West. The novel has many fantastic elements and most of the characters are not human, but they show recognizable human characteristics.____16____People see themselves in the characters. Another reason for the novel’s popularity is that it is not just an adventure story.____17____It is a spiritual journey where the characters were forced to examine the nature of good and evil. The novel shows that individuals cannot be understood by their outer qualities, but by the good or bad that is in their own hearts. Of course, the main reason for the novel’s popularity is Sun Wukong himself. He has faults, but at hear the is brave, loyal, good-hearted, and righteous(正义的) .____18____In time and through faith and discipline he learned to protect the weak and the powerless, to be helpful and kind, and to put others first. In a real sense, he had the same life journey that many people have had through the ages. When he was young in the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, he was leading a free and enjoyable life.____19____ In doing so, he changed from someone who loved to play tricks and stir up trouble, to someone who is self-disciplined and faithful. ____20____But they also see in him a mirror of their own struggles in life as they learn to protect and help others, to stand for what is right, and to grow in maturity becoming responsible members of society. A While in his youth he had been a little wild. B. But then he had to grow up and face the real world. C. In a sense, they want to become a hero of their own life. D. The story is more than just a group’s journey to the West. E. This human element is one reason for the novel’s popularity. F. Many Chinese admire Wukong for his abilities and bravery. G. Yet, Wukong always showed up when needed to rescue his master. 第三节，完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A child survived, from an unexpected accident thanks to a man named John. The man is being ____21____ as a hero after risking his life to ____22____ a child who fell onto train tracks at the Gatwick station in Bournemouth, England, as an oncoming train moved very fast into the ____23____, according to England’s Ministry of Railways. The ministry ____24____ the video that shows John running at full ____25____ down a set of train tracks to save a child who had fallen off the ____26____ and onto the tracks as a train ____27____. The video, captured by security cameras at the station, shows that the child was ____28____ walking alongside an unidentified person. ____29____, they slipped off the edge of the platform and onto the tracks ____30____. The video shows the child was ____31____ to get back onto the platform and the unidentified person was grasping at the air, trying to pull themselves to ____32____. As the oncoming train quickly got close, John could be seen ____33____ toward the child and throwing them onto the platform just seconds before a train blew past them, swooping (俯冲) in to save their lives with just moments to spare. Police thought highly of John’s quick thinking. If he hadn’t ____34____ quickly, there could have been a ____35____ accident. 21. A. admitted B. approved C. praised D. realized 22. A. rescue B. believe C. charge D. raise 23. A. stage B. station C. yard D. danger 24. A. repeated B. received C. made D. released 25. A. speed B. fantasy C. price D. spirit 26. A. train B. adventure C. target D. platform 27 A. stopped B. left C. approached D. disappeared 28 A. slightly B. initially C. secretly D. temporarily 29. A. All of a sudden B. Above all C. As a result D. In all 30. A. upon B. above C. hardly D. below 31. A. working B. struggling C. refusing D. bleeding 32. A. destination B. consequence C. safety D. field 33. A. hesitating B. dashing C. intending D. heading 34. A. reacted B. observed C. offered D. explored 35. A. brief B. remote C. original D. terrible 第四节，语义匹配（5小题，每小题1分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 Yesterday I went to the Potatso National Park. The park covers such a wide area that the admission ticket for the park ____36____ includes a bus tour, as it is the only way to see all the major ____37____ sites in one day. Just to give you an idea of how large the place is, imagine a park that ____38____ spans across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages! On the bus, I made friends with the passengers around me, and they said that I had ____39____ definitely picked the right season to visit the park. The autumn ____40____ scenery, they said, would be absolutely picture-perfect. 36. A. responds B. consumes C. contains D. folds 37. A. poisons B. operations C. signals D. spots 38. A. stretches B. marches C. crawls D. walks 39. A. certainly B. deeply C. slightly D. immediately 40. A. ceremony B. landscape C. harvest D. position 第五节，语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has designated(指定) a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest. It is the first festival ___41___ (create) by the state specifically for the country’s farmers. The Chinese farmers’ harvest festival falls on the Autumnal Equinox(秋分) each year, ___42___ (start) from 2018. Autumnal Equinox ___43___ (usual) falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country’s ___44___ (agriculture) harvest season. As we all know, China has ___45___ largest population in the world. It ___46___ (be) not easy to feed the largest population in the past. With the development of modern agriculture, people’s life is getting better and better. The festival helps to give greater importance rural work and speed up the construction of rural vitalization(振兴). ___47___ (variety) of celebrations will be organized to display the harvest, rural technology achievements and farmers’ creativeness. Farmers are encouraged ___48___ (take) part in some activities, ___49___ are related to their work and life. Rural vitalization is a key part of China’s efforts to develop a modernized economy. ____50____ developing its vast rural regions, China expects to see a beautiful countryside and well-off farmers. 第六节，课文填空（10分，20个空格，每空格0.5分） Passage 1 课文填空 The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact _____51_____ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is ____52____ back into space at longer wavelengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and ____53____ dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. _____54_____ this process, Earth could not _____55_____ life. Passage 2 课文填空 Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or _____56_____ songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the _____57_____ but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes _____58_____ they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make ____59____ and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and _____60_____. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. Passage 3 课文填空 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, ___61___ she gradually admired his wisdom and _____62_____, and began to trust him. He always treated her with _____63_____. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, ____64____ wanted to improve his social position with a bigger _____65_____. Passage 4 根据课文内容，在空白处填入所缺的单词。 So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now. My ____66____ school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with ____67____ floors and roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a ____68____ track covered in ____69____. When I reach the school grounds, I’m greeted by a ____70____ of “good morning” from the boys. 第七节：单句填空（5分共5题，每小题1分） 71. He devoted himself to the rural development for many years and laid a solid f__________ (基础) for his political career. (根据中英文提示填空) 72. It turned out that he was not g__________ (有罪的). (根据中英文提示填空) 73. It should not be taken for g__________ (想当然) that Tom was innocent. (根据中英文提示填空) 74. At a press conference yesterday, the __________ (律师) was a star. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 75. When this type of balloon is filled with hydrogen, it b__________ around (蹦来蹦去). (根据中英文提示填空) 第八节，完成句子（5分，共5题，每小题1分，每空不超过5个词） 76. With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards ___________ (一个洁净的、可持续发展的未来).(用短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 77. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to __________ (生理和心理健康问题).(用短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 78. There is ____________ (一条基于……的著名谚语) the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” (用非谓语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 79. Three classes ____________ (被随机挑选) to participate in the flipped classroom experiments.(用被动语态) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 80. In his letter, he expressed his sympathy for innocent civilians ________ (去世或受伤) in the war. (用定语从句) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第九节，应用文写作（满分15分） 81. 你班最近举行了一次题为“海洋探索”的班会。请根据下表内容给学校英语报写一篇报道，介绍讨论情况并发表你的观点。 赞同理由 1. 帮助我们更好了解海洋生态系统；2. 找到新资源。 反对理由 1 已造成海洋污染； 2. 过度探索将带来持续的不良后果。 你的观点 …… 提示词：生态系统 ecosystem 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第十节 读后续写（满分25分） 82. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We awoke on Thursday morning of a normal temperature of 31°F, but that was short before the temperature continued to drop. Our Channel 2 weatherman, P. J. Hoff, on his evening broadcast of Jan. 25 told us to expect freezing rain, but the snow started falling in the early morning hours of Thursday, Jan. 26. We were told to prepare for 4-8 inches of snow — not the 23 inches that would finally arrive. The city was paralyzed by the snowstorm. Mayor Daley ordered the city workers to work around the clock to clear the streets, but the snow fell faster than they could plow (清扫). By Friday, the whole city was shut down. No one at our house went to work or school. Ten feet of snow blocked our door. At first, it was fun to be free of school, but we soon learned we could be locked in our home. Little did we know that our snow day would grow into four days of being trapped inside our house. After a good 24 hours of staying at home, my sister Jenny, brother Robert and I were all very bored and driving the adults in the house crazy. They suggested we take our shovels (铲) and go outside, challenging us to dig a way to the street. We began digging, but not thinking ahead. We threw each shovel full of snow over our shoulders, filling the road behind us. When we reached the street, we turned to admire our work only to realize we had filled in the road back to the house. We would need to start traveling all over again. 注意：1. 续写的词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 It was then that Jenny and I realized we had lost little Robert. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then suddenly we noticed a little hand rising up out of the snow. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 鹤华中学2023—2024学年度第二学期江门统考热身试 英语（高二） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Group Study Rooms Policy The Library’s group study rooms are for current students, academic use only. Reserving Rooms *Reserve a room at https://biblio.csusm.edu/groupstudy. *5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance; 3rd & 2nd floor rooms open to reservations 1 week in advance; 4th floor rooms open to reservations 24 hours in advance. *Rooms can be reserved for a maximum of 3 hours per visit and up to 12 hours total per week. Rooms can be reserved once per day per person. *Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room. *Reservations can be deleted. Please do so if the room is no longer needed. To delete your reservation, go to the calendar and click the room, date and time, then select Delete Entry. *If the room you reserved is occupied, you may ask the group to leave or request assistance from staff at the Media Desk (2nd floor). Use of rooms *Drinks in covered containers and small individual snacks are allowed. *Doors should be kept closed when in use. *Sound travels, even with the door closed-respect those studying around you by keeping the volume at a reasonable level. *Visibility of the space is not to be blocked. Windows are not to be covered in any way. 1. Which rooms can be booked 2 weeks earlier? A. Those on the second floor. B. Those on the fifth floor. C. Those on the fourth floor. D. Those on the third floor. 2. What happens if students show up 10 minutes later than the set time? A. The reservation will be canceled automatically. B. They will be contacted by staff at the Media Desk. C. The reservation must be deleted online immediately. D. They have to make another reservation for the day. 3. What are students banned from doing while staying in a group study room? A. Having some bottled drinks. B. Keeping the door closed. C. Covering the windows. D. Whispering to other students. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了团体自习室政策。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reserving Rooms部分中第二点“5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance(5楼房间可提前2周预订)”可知，5楼的房间可以提前两周预定，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reserving Rooms部分中第四点“Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room.(预订时间后10分钟内未被占用的房间将不再可用，可由另一个团体占用，直到该房间的下一次预订)”可知，如果学生比定好的时间晚10分钟到，房间会自动取消预订，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Use of rooms部分中最后一点“Windows are not to be covered in any way.(窗户不得以任何方式盖上)”可知，学生在团体自习室时禁止覆盖窗户，故选C。 B “Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever things weren’t going my way. “Don’t worry. One day your luck will change.” Mother was right, as I discovered after I had finished my college education, I had decided to try for a job in radio. One day, I wanted to host a sports programme. I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station. But I got turned down every time. In one station, a kind lady said my problem was that I hadn’t got enough experience. “Get some work with a small station and work your way up,” she said. I went back home. I couldn’t get a job there, either. Then my dad told me a businessman had opened a store and needed someone to help him. But again, I didn’t get the job. I felt really down. “Your luck will change,” Mom said to me. Dad lent me the car to help me to look for my job. I tried another radio station in Iowa. But the owner, an iceman, told me he had already had someone. As I left his office, I asked, “How can someone be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the lift when I heard the man call, “What did you mean? Do you know anything about football?” He put me in front of a microphone and asked me to try to imagine that I was giving my opinion on a football game, I succeeded. On my way home, Mom’s words come back to me, “One day your luck will change, Son. And when it happens, it’ll feel doubly good because of all the hard work you’ve had.” At that moment I knew just what she meant. 4. What’s the writer’s ideal job? A. A sportsman. B. A shop assistant. C. A sports announcer. D. A businessman. 5. What does the underlined sentence “But I got turned down every time” mean? A. But I was refused every time. B. But I was successful every time. C. But I lost my way every time. D. But the door of every station was always closed. 6. What the best title of this passage? A. Mother’s Words. B. Everything Happens for the Best. C. No One Is Always Lucky. D. To Find a Job in Radio Is Difficult. 7. Which words can be used to describe the writer’s mother? A. Strong-willed and independent. B. Easy-going and warm-hearted. C. Caring and optimistic. D. Humorous and responsible. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想成为一名体育播音员，主持体育节目，但屡屡遭受拒绝，妈妈鼓励他继续努力，好运会到来。最终，作者得到了一个工作机会。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day, I wanted to host a sports programme. (有一天，我想主持一个体育节目)”可知，作者的理想工作是当体育播音员。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“In one station, a kind lady said my problem was that I hadn’t got enough experience. “Get some work with a small station and work your way up,” she said. (在一个电台里，一位善良女士说我的问题是我没有足够的经验。“在一家小电视台找份工作，然后一步步往上爬，”她说)”和第四段中“I went back home. I couldn’t get a job there, either. (我回到了家。我在那里也找不到工作)”可知，作者申请工作都失败了，因此画线句意为“但我每次都被拒绝了”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中““Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever things weren’t going my way. (“一切都会好的，”每当事情不像我想的那样时，我母亲就会说)”可知，文章讲述了作者找工作的故事，他想成为一名体育播音员，主持体育节目，但屡屡遭受拒绝，妈妈鼓励他继续努力，好运会到来。最终，作者得到了一个工作机会。作者的故事恰恰契合了妈妈说的那句话“一切都会好的”，因此这句话契合文章主旨，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever things weren’t going my way. “Don’t worry. One day your luck will change.” (“一切都会好的，别担心。总有一天你的运气会变好的。”每当事情不像我想的那样时，我母亲就会说)”和第五段中“I felt really down. “Your luck will change,” Mom said to me. (我真的很沮丧。“你的运气会变的，”妈妈对我说)”可知，妈妈相信一切都会好的，总是在作者沮丧的时候鼓励他。因此，作者的妈妈是体贴且乐观的。故选C项。 C Back in January, my partner and I decided to take exercise seriously. This would mean spending hours every week grunting, stretching and sweating our way to better health, which is something that is particularly difficult when you glance at the weather outside and see dark clouds on the horizon. “Looks like it is about to rain, I guess I’ll go for a run tomorrow instead.” But then just as we were on the edge of giving up again, we discovered a brilliant new way to make exercise better: by turning it into a video-game. SWIFT is a cycling game that you control by pedaling your real bike, which is fixed onto a device called a turbo-trainer. As you pedal, the trainer sends signals back to your computer to control the character on screen. And smartly, the game sends back instructions to the trainer to apply different levels of resistance (阻力), so that as you’re cycling up a hill in the game, you can actually feel it on the bike. So one small garage renovation later and after signing up for a $12 per month subscription, we had our TV, bike and all-important cooling fan ready to go. Once you’re set up, you can participate in virtual cycle rides in 3D-recreations of real places, like London and New York, or fictional locations. And importantly, other real human cyclists appear alongside you, sharing your journey. The genius of the design is that it has used lots of the tricks of traditional video-games to keep pushing you a little bit further and harder: go a little faster, and you’ll be rewarded with a little achievement marker, and if you pedal harder, you might win a race against another real player. It’s essentially generating for same sort of dopamine (多巴胺) hits that riding along on a traditional exercise bike simply can’t match. I’m not the only person who has noticed this. Today many other companies in the tech industry are chasing the same audience and they all offer their own unique twists on the formula. 8. Why does the author mention the weather in paragraph 1? A. To explain the lack of his own willpower. B. To complain about the unstable weather. C. To show the limitation of traditional exercise. D. To illustrate the difficulties in fulfilling his resolution. 9. Which is NOT a must for SWIFT users? A. Monthly payment. B. 3D Glasses. C. A real bike. D. A turbo-trainer. 10. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why SWIFT works well on health. B. Who are the target users of SWIFT. C. What physical benefits SWIFT users get. D. How SWIFT motivates its users. 11. What is the attitude of the tech industry towards the idea of SWIFT? A. Unclear. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Negative 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为SWIFT的自行车游戏，介绍了其原理、优势以及人们对此的态度。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“This would mean spending hours every week grunting, stretching and sweating our way to better health, which is something that is particularly difficult when you glance at the weather outside and see dark clouds on the horizon. (这将意味着每周花几个小时抱怨、伸展身体、流汗来达到更好的健康状态，而当你看到外面的天气，看到地平线上乌云密布时，这是一件特别困难的事情。)”可知，当天气变化，眼看要下雨的时候，天气状况可能会限制一些运动项目，第二段“‘Looks like it is about to rain, I guess I’ll go for a run tomorrow instead.’ But then just as we were on the edge of giving up again, we discovered a brilliant new way to make exercise better: by turning it into a video-game. (‘看起来要下雨了，我想我明天还是去跑步吧。’但就在我们再次濒临放弃的边缘时，我们发现了一种让锻炼变得更好的绝妙新方法：把它变成电子游戏。)”可推知，作者在第一段提到天气是为了揭示传统锻炼的限制性。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据三段第一句“SWIFT is a cycling game that you control by pedaling your real bike, which is fixed onto a device called a turbo-trainer. (《SWIFT》是一款自行车游戏，玩家可以通过踩着固定在涡轮训练器上的真正的自行车来控制它。)”以及第三段最后一句“So one small garage renovation later and after signing up for a $12 per month subscription, we had our TV, bike and all-important cooling fan ready to go. (所以，在对车库进行了一次小翻修之后，在签订了每月12美元的订阅费后，我们准备好了电视、自行车和最重要的冷却风扇。)”可知，文中提到your real bike，A turbo-trainer，signing up for a $12 per month subscription可知，SWIFT用户用到的是真的自行车，涡轮训练器，每月12元的订阅费，因此3D眼镜不是SWIFT用户必须的。故选B项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“The genius of the design is that it has used lots of the tricks of traditional video-games to keep pushing you a little bit further and harder: go a little faster, and you’ll be rewarded with a little achievement marker, and if you pedal harder, you might win a race against another real player. It’s essentially generating for same sort of dopamine (多巴胺) hits that riding along on a traditional exercise bike simply can’t match. (这种设计的天才之处在于，它使用了许多传统电子游戏的技巧，不断推动你走得更远、更努力：走得更快一点，你就会得到一个小小的成就标记，如果你踩得更用力，你可能会赢得与其他真正玩家的比赛。它在本质上产生的多巴胺是骑行传统的运动自行车所不能比拟的)”可知，第5段主要讲的是SWIFT如何激励用户赢得比赛。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today many other companies in the tech industry are chasing the same audience, and they all offer their own unique twists on the formula. (如今，科技行业的许多其他公司都在追逐同样的受众，他们都在这个公式上提供了自己独特的新花样。)”可推知，科技行业对SWIFT持支持态度。故选B项。 D In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste. The limited lifespan of many tech gadgets(设备)has caused the issue of e-waste to increase over the years. “People tend not to realize that all these seemingly insignificant things have a lot of value, especially in large amounts, ”Pascal Leroy, director general of the WEEE Forum, said in a statement How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers. Actually, large amounts of e-waste are shipped to developing countries that lack the power to refuse and safely recycle these imports. The WHO warned that children, with their smaller hands, are often used to deal with mountains of e-waste in developing nations in search of valuable elements such as copper, silver, palladium and so on. The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry. Personally, what can you do to reduce the e-waste burden? Find an e-waste disposal(处理) service. The impact of recycling e-waste can be staggering. For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered. Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible 12. What might come along with companies launching new e-products? A. More electronic waste. B. Few optional tech gadgets. C. Limited lifespan of the devices. D. Important things for consumers. 13. Why are children greatly influenced by e-waste according to the WHO? A. Developed countries can’t recycle e-waste safely. B. E-waste mountains are places for children to play. C. Many valuable elements can be found on e-waste mountains. D. Children are hired in the informal e-waste processing industry. 14. What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Annoying. D. Challenging. 15. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. What is the source of e-waste? B. E-waste—a serious problem? C. E-waste—a processing industry? D. What to do with your e-waste? 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了电子垃圾污染严重的问题以及处理电子垃圾的方法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste.”（在过去的几个月里，苹果、谷歌和三星都推出了他们最新的智能手机和其他产品。但在这个过程中，这也可能加剧一个日益严重的问题:电子垃圾）可知，公司推出新的电子产品会产生电子垃圾。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry.”（世界卫生组织表示，超过1800万儿童的健康受到了负面影响，因为他们受雇于这个非正规的电子垃圾处理行业）可知，根据世界卫生组织的说法，儿童会受到电子垃圾的巨大影响是因为儿童被雇佣在非正规的电子垃圾处理行业。故选D项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后“For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered.”（每回收100万部手机，就能回收35000磅铜、772磅银、75磅黄金和33磅钯）可知，回收电子垃圾的影响可能是惊人的。所以划线词的意思是“令人惊讶的”。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste.”（在过去的几个月里，苹果、谷歌和三星都推出了他们最新的智能手机和其他产品。但在这个过程中，这也可能加剧一个日益严重的问题:电子垃圾）；根据第三段“How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers.”（如何解决电子垃圾的问题不仅仅是清理你的垃圾箱的空间。）；根据最后一段“Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible”（与此同时，环保人士表示，解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题最重要的一步就是尽量长时间地使用电子产品）可知，短文介绍了电子垃圾污染严重的问题以及处理电子垃圾的方法。所以短文的最佳标题为“如何处理你的电子垃圾”。故选D项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分。） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One of the great literature works in China is Journey to the West. The novel has many fantastic elements and most of the characters are not human, but they show recognizable human characteristics.____16____People see themselves in the characters. Another reason for the novel’s popularity is that it is not just an adventure story.____17____It is a spiritual journey where the characters were forced to examine the nature of good and evil. The novel shows that individuals cannot be understood by their outer qualities, but by the good or bad that is in their own hearts. Of course, the main reason for the novel’s popularity is Sun Wukong himself. He has faults, but at hear the is brave, loyal, good-hearted, and righteous(正义的) .____18____In time and through faith and discipline he learned to protect the weak and the powerless, to be helpful and kind, and to put others first. In a real sense, he had the same life journey that many people have had through the ages. When he was young in the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, he was leading a free and enjoyable life.____19____ In doing so, he changed from someone who loved to play tricks and stir up trouble, to someone who is self-disciplined and faithful. ____20____But they also see in him a mirror of their own struggles in life as they learn to protect and help others, to stand for what is right, and to grow in maturity becoming responsible members of society. A. While in his youth he had been a little wild. B. But then he had to grow up and face the real world. C. In a sense, they want to become a hero of their own life. D. The story is more than just a group’s journey to the West. E This human element is one reason for the novel’s popularity. F. Many Chinese admire Wukong for his abilities and bravery. G. Yet, Wukong always showed up when needed to rescue his master. 【答案】16 E 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国最伟大的文学作品之一《西游记》，以及这部小说受欢迎的原因。 【16题详解】 前文“The novel has many fantastic elements and most of the characters are not human, but they show recognizable human characteristics.(这部小说有许多奇妙的元素，大多数人物都不是人类，但他们表现出可识别的人类特征。)”说明了这部小说的特征；后文“People see themselves in the characters.(人们在角色中看到了自己。)”说明了人们喜欢这部小说的原因是在故事中看到了自己。E项“This human element is one reason for the novel’s popularity.(这种人为因素是这部小说受欢迎的原因之一。)”承上启下，符合语境，且E相中“This human element”指代的就是前文中的“most of the characters are not human, but they show recognizable human characteristics”。故选E项。 【17题详解】 前文“Another reason for the novel’s popularity is that it is not just an adventure story.(小说受欢迎的另一个原因是它不仅仅是一个冒险故事。)”说明了小说受欢不只是因为它是一个冒险之旅；后文“It is a spiritual journey where the characters were forced to examine the nature of good and evil. (这是一次精神之旅，人物被迫审视善与恶的本质。)”说明这是个旅行还是一次精神之旅。D项“The story is more than just a group’s journey to the West.(这个故事不仅仅是一群人的西部之旅。)”承上启下，说明了这个旅行不仅仅是一群人的西部冒险之旅，更是让读者体验到了精神之旅，符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 前文“He has faults, but at hear the is brave, loyal, good-hearted, and righteous(正义的) .(他有缺点，但总而言之，他勇敢、忠诚、善良、正直。)”说明了悟空吸引人的原因是：他虽然有缺点，但总体上来说，他有很多好的品质。下文应具体展开说明他的缺点和优点。后文“In time and through faith and discipline he learned to protect the weak and the powerless, to be helpful and kind, and to put others first. (随着时间的推移，通过信仰和纪律，他学会了保护弱者和无能为力的人，乐于助人，善良，把别人放在第一位。)”说明后来他具备了很多优点，可知他本来是有一些缺点的。A项“While in his youth he had been a little wild.(他年轻时有点放荡。)”说明了他原先的缺点，且While表示让步，符合语境。故选A项。 【19题详解】 前文“When he was young in the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, he was leading a free and enjoyable life.(他年轻时在花果山，过着逍遥自在的生活。)”说明孙悟空过着无拘无束的生活；后文“In doing so, he changed from someone who loved to play tricks and stir up trouble, to someone who is self-disciplined and faithful.(这样，他从一个爱恶作剧、爱惹是生非的人，变成了一个自律、忠诚的人。)”说明他因为某些经历变得更加自律、成熟。B项“But then he had to grow up and face the real world.(但他得长大，面对现实世界。)”表示转折，语意也符合语境，故选B项。 【20题详解】 后文“But they also see in him a mirror of their own struggles in life as they learn to protect and help others, to stand for what is right, and to grow in maturity becoming responsible members of society.(但他们也在他身上看到了自己在生活中挣扎的一面镜子，因为他们学会了保护和帮助他人，坚持正义，并在成熟中成长为负责任的社会成员。)”说明读者们在悟空身上看到了自己，这是小说吸引人的原因。F项“Many Chinese admire Wukong for his abilities and bravery.(许多中国人钦佩悟空的能力和勇敢)”语意符合语境，且后文“they”指代的就是B项中“Many Chinese”。故选F项。 第三节，完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A child survived, from an unexpected accident thanks to a man named John. The man is being ____21____ as a hero after risking his life to ____22____ a child who fell onto train tracks at the Gatwick station in Bournemouth, England, as an oncoming train moved very fast into the ____23____, according to England’s Ministry of Railways. The ministry ____24____ the video that shows John running at full ____25____ down a set of train tracks to save a child who had fallen off the ____26____ and onto the tracks as a train ____27____. The video, captured by security cameras at the station, shows that the child was ____28____ walking alongside an unidentified person. ____29____, they slipped off the edge of the platform and onto the tracks ____30____. The video shows the child was ____31____ to get back onto the platform and the unidentified person was grasping at the air, trying to pull themselves to ____32____. As the oncoming train quickly got close, John could be seen ____33____ toward the child and throwing them onto the platform just seconds before a train blew past them, swooping (俯冲) in to save their lives with just moments to spare. Police thought highly of John’s quick thinking. If he hadn’t ____34____ quickly, there could have been a ____35____ accident. 21. A. admitted B. approved C. praised D. realized 22. A. rescue B. believe C. charge D. raise 23. A. stage B. station C. yard D. danger 24. A. repeated B. received C. made D. released 25. A. speed B. fantasy C. price D. spirit 26. A. train B. adventure C. target D. platform 27. A. stopped B. left C. approached D. disappeared 28. A. slightly B. initially C. secretly D. temporarily 29. A. All of a sudden B. Above all C. As a result D. In all 30. A. upon B. above C. hardly D. below 31. A. working B. struggling C. refusing D. bleeding 32. A. destination B. consequence C. safety D. field 33. A. hesitating B. dashing C. intending D. heading 34. A. reacted B. observed C. offered D. explored 35. A. brief B. remote C. original D. terrible 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述John冒着生命危险救出跌落在铁轨上的孩子的事迹。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据英国铁道部称，这名男子在英国伯恩茅斯Gatwick车站冒着生命危险救出了一名跌落在铁轨上的孩子，当时一辆迎面而来的火车正在快速驶入车站。A. admitted承认；B. approved赞成；C. praised赞扬，表扬；D. realized意识到。根据上文“A child survived, from an unexpected accident thanks to a man named John. (一个孩子在一次意外事故中幸免于难，多亏了一个叫John的人)”和空后的“as a hero”可知，此处指救人的John被称赞为英雄，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescue营救，援救；B. believe相信；C. charge控告；D. raise提高。根据上文“A child survived, from an unexpected accident thanks to a man named John.(一个孩子在一次意外事故中幸免于难，多亏了一个叫John的人)”可知，John冒着生命危险救了一个孩子，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stage阶段，舞台；B. station车站；C. yard院子；D. danger危险。根据空前“an oncoming train moved very fast into”可知，火车应是驶入车站，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：铁道部公布的视频显示，John在火车轨道上全速奔跑，以拯救一名在火车驶近时从站台上掉到轨道上的孩子。A. repeated重复；B. received收到；C. made制作；D. released公布，放出。根据后文“the video that shows John running at full…”描述视频的内容和“The video, captured by security cameras at the station(火车站的安全摄像头拍摄到的视频)”可知，铁道部公布了救人视频，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speed速度；B. fantasy幻想，想象；C. price价格；D. spirit精神。根据语境及最后一段中“If he hadn’t ____14____ quickly”可知，火车即将驶入车站，所以他是全速奔跑去救人，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. train火车；B. adventure冒险；C. target目标；D. platform站台，月台。根据下文“they slipped off the edge of the platform”可知，孩子掉下站台，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stopped停止；B. left离开；C. approached接近；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“as an oncoming train moved very fast into the ____3____ ,”可知，火车正在驶入车站，故此处指火车接近，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这段由火车站安全摄像头拍摄的视频显示，这个孩子最初和一个身份不明的人走在一起。A. slightly轻微地；B. initially开始，最初；C. secretly秘密地；D. temporarily临时地。根据空后“walking alongside an unidentified person”以及下文“they slipped off the edge of the platform”可知，孩子最初是和一个身份不明的人走在一起，后来掉下站台，此处是按时间上的先后关系描述事件经过，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：突然，他们从站台边缘滑到下面的轨道上。A. All of a sudden突然；B. Above all最重要的是；C. As a result因此；D. In all总之。根据上文“the child was ____8____ walking alongside an unidentified person”可知，孩子正在走着，突然掉下站台，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. upon在上面；B. above在/向上；C. hardly几乎不；D. below在下面。根据上文“they slipped off the edge of the platform”以及常识可知，火车轨道在站台下面，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频显示，这名儿童挣扎着要回到站台上，而这名身份不明的男子则在空中抓着，试图把他们二人拉到安全的地方。A. working工作；B. struggling挣扎；C. refusing拒绝；D. bleeding流血。根据下文“the unidentified person was grasping at the air”及语境可知，火车正在逼近，掉下站台后应是挣扎着想上去，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. destination目的地；B. consequence结果；C. safety安全；D. field田地，领域。根据语境可知，火车即将驶入，两人掉下站台后应是挣扎着想要回到安全地带，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当迎面而来的火车迅速驶近时，可以看到John冲向孩子，把他们扔到站台上，他突然冲上去救了他们的命，就在几秒钟后，一辆火车从他们身边呼啸而过。A. hesitating犹豫；B. dashing猛冲；C. intending打算，计划；D. heading朝（方向）前进。根据下文“throwing them onto the platform just seconds before a train blew past them”可知，情况紧急，John应是急忙冲下去救人，故选B。 34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：要不是他反应迅速，就会发生一场可怕的事故。A. reacted反应；B. observed观察；C. offered提供；D. explored探索。根据上文可知，John冲向孩子，把他们扔到站台上，所以他反应迅速，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. brief简单的；B. remote偏远的；C. original原作的，起初的；D. terrible可怕的。根据上文“If he hadn’t ____14____ quickly”可知，要不是John反应迅速，会发生可怕的事故，故选D。 第四节，语义匹配（5小题，每小题1分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 Yesterday I went to the Potatso National Park. The park covers such a wide area that the admission ticket for the park ____36____ includes a bus tour, as it is the only way to see all the major ____37____ sites in one day. Just to give you an idea of how large the place is, imagine a park that ____38____ spans across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages! On the bus, I made friends with the passengers around me, and they said that I had ____39____ definitely picked the right season to visit the park. The autumn ____40____ scenery, they said, would be absolutely picture-perfect. 36. A. responds B. consumes C. contains D. folds 37. A. poisons B. operations C. signals D. spots 38. A. stretches B. marches C. crawls D. walks 39. A. certainly B. deeply C. slightly D. immediately 40. A. ceremony B. landscape C. harvest D. position 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去波塔措国家公园游览的经历。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公园覆盖面积如此之广，公园的门票包含了巴士游览，因为这是在一天内游览所有主要景点的唯一方式。A. responds回应；B. consumes消耗；C. contains包含；D. folds折叠。根据划线词后“a bus tour”可知，此处表示公园门票包含巴士游览，includes意为“包括”，与contains意义相近。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. poisons毒药；B. operations操作；C. signals信号；D. spots地点。根据划线词前“as it is the only way to see all the major”以及常识可知，此处表示参观公园的所有主要景点，sites在此处指地点、位置，特别是作为景点时，与spots“地点，常指景点”意义相近。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让你知道这个地方有多大，想象一下一个公园，它横跨广阔的森林、湿地、湖泊、草地和几个村庄！A. stretches伸展；B. marches行进；C. crawls爬行；D. walks行走。根据划线词后“across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages”可知，此处表示公园横跨广阔的森林、湿地、湖泊、草地和几个村庄，spans意为“跨越”，与stretches“延伸”在描述地理范围时意义相近。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在巴士上，我和周围的乘客交了朋友，他们说我确实选对了参观公园的季节。A. certainly肯定；B. deeply深深地；C. slightly稍微；D. immediately立即。根据划线词后“picked the right season to visit the park”可知，此处表示确定作者选对了参观的季节，definitely意为“确定地”，与certainly“当然，无疑地”意义相近。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说，秋天的风景将会是绝对完美的画面。A. ceremony仪式；B. landscape风景；C. harvest收获；D. position位置。根据句中“would be absolutely picture-perfect”可知，此处表示秋天的风景，scenery意为“风景、景色”，与landscape“风景，景致”意义相同。故选B。 第五节，语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has designated(指定) a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest. It is the first festival ___41___ (create) by the state specifically for the country’s farmers. The Chinese farmers’ harvest festival falls on the Autumnal Equinox(秋分) each year, ___42___ (start) from 2018. Autumnal Equinox ___43___ (usual) falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country’s ___44___ (agriculture) harvest season. As we all know, China has ___45___ largest population in the world. It ___46___ (be) not easy to feed the largest population in the past. With the development of modern agriculture, people’s life is getting better and better. The festival helps to give greater importance rural work and speed up the construction of rural vitalization(振兴). ___47___ (variety) of celebrations will be organized to display the harvest, rural technology achievements and farmers’ creativeness. Farmers are encouraged ___48___ (take) part in some activities, ___49___ are related to their work and life. Rural vitalization is a key part of China’s efforts to develop a modernized economy. ____50____ developing its vast rural regions, China expects to see a beautiful countryside and well-off farmers. 【答案】41. created 42. starting 43. usually 44. agricultural 45. the 46. was 47. Varieties 48. to take 49. which 50. By ##Through 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国丰收节以及中国发展农业和广大农村的成就。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是第一个由国家专门为该国的农民创造的节日。句中is为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。festival和create之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从2018年开始，每年的秋分是中国农民的丰收节。句中falls为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。festival和start之间是主动关系，且表示伴随，故使用现在分词做伴随状语。故填starting。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：秋分通常在9月22日至24日之间，这是该国的农业收获季节。句中应该使用usual的副词形式修饰动词falls作状语。故填usually。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处应该填写agriculture的形容词作定语。故填agricultural。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。句中largest形容词的最高级，此处表示特指，应该使用定冠词。故填the。 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：在过去，养活最多的人口是不容易的。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词作谓语，句子in the past表示的动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。故填was。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：举办多种形式的庆祝活动，展示丰收成果、农村科技成果和农民创新精神。分析句子，设空处应该填写名词作主语。variety为可数名词，意为“种类”，此处表示复数意义，同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Varieties。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：鼓励农民参加一些与他们的工作和生活有关的活动。句中be encouraged to do sth为固定搭配，意为“被鼓励去做某事”。故填to take。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。句中引导的是非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词activities，指代物。故填which。 【50题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过发展广大农村，中国希望农村美丽，农民富裕。分析句子，设空处应该填写介词构成介词短语，在句中充当状语成分。根据句意，by/through意为“通过”，符合句意。同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填By/Through。 第六节，课文填空（10分，20个空格，每空格0.5分） Passage 1 课文填空 The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact _____51_____ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is ____52____ back into space at longer wavelengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and ____53____ dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. _____54_____ this process, Earth could not _____55_____ life. 【答案】51. that 52. released 53. carbon 54. Without 55. sustain 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了“自然”温室效应的概念。 【51题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：“自然”温室效应指的是这样一个事实，太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。“heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation”是对名词fact(事实)内容的说明，是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连接词that引导该同位语从句。故填that。 【52题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：热量以更长的波长释放回太空。根据句意，表示“释放”用动词release，作谓语，与主语The heat之间是被动关系，用过去分词released构成一般现在时的被动语态is released。故填released。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会捕获一些热量，保持地球气候温暖，适合居住。根据句意，用carbon dioxide表示“二氧化碳”，名词carbon(碳)作定语。故填carbon。 【54题详解】 考查介词。句意：没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。根据句意，表示“没有……”，用介词without构成介词短语作条件状语。故填Without。 【55题详解】 考查动词。句意：没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。根据句意，表示“维持”用动词sustain，作谓语，在情态动词后用原形。故填sustain。 Passage 2 课文填空 Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or _____56_____ songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the _____57_____ but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes _____58_____ they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make ____59____ and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and _____60_____. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language. 【答案】56. folk 57. point 58. because 59. sense 60. recite 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了童谣作为幼儿最早接触的英文诗歌的特点和教育意义。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：幼儿最早学习的一些英文诗歌是童谣，它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。空处修饰名词songs，结合“traditional poems”可推知，形容词folk“民间的”符合题意，作定语，folk songs表示“民歌”。故填folk。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些童谣的语言简单明了，像诗歌A，但带有故事情节。结合“is to the”可推知，名词point“要点”符合题意，介词短语to the point意为“直截了当”，指言辞或行为直接、简明扼要。故填point。 【58题详解】 考查连词。句意：许多孩子喜欢童谣，因为它们押韵，节奏感强，并且经常重复相同的词汇。本句中空处前后为完整的句子，空前的句子表示结果，空后的句子表示原因，且此处是直接原因，因此用意为“因此”的从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至（有的）看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。结合“make”可推知，名词sense“意义，含义”符合题意，动词短语make sense意为“有明确的意义”。故填sense。 【60题详解】 考查动词。句意：童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至（有的）看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。空处和learn并列，构成不定式，结合“they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words”可推知，动词recite“背诵”符合题意，需用动词原形。故填recite。 Passage 3 课文填空 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, ___61___ she gradually admired his wisdom and _____62_____, and began to trust him. He always treated her with _____63_____. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, ____64____ wanted to improve his social position with a bigger _____65_____. 【答案】61. but        62. integrity 63. dignity 64. who 65. salary 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了克莱尔试验使用机器人的故事。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意：Claire觉得自己被一个机器人同情很可笑，但她渐渐钦佩他的智慧和正直，开始信任他。分析句子可知，此空应填连词，此空前后两句为转折关系，所以此空应填并列连词but表转折。故填but。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：Claire觉得自己被一个机器人同情很可笑，但她渐渐钦佩他的智慧和正直，开始信任他。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“诚实正直”，用名词integrity(不可数)和前文名词wisdom并列，作admired的宾语。故填integrity。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：他对待她总是很有尊严。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“尊严”，用名词dignity(不可数)作介词with的宾语。故填dignity。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她告诉他，她很不高兴自己的家对Larry来说不够优雅，Larry想通过更高的薪水来提高自己的社会地位。该处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Larry，指代人，用关系代词who引导，作主语。故填who。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：她告诉他，她很不高兴自己的家对Larry来说不够优雅，Larry想通过更高的薪水来提高自己的社会地位。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“薪水”，用名词salary作介词with的宾语，由不定冠词a限定，用单数。故填salary。 Passage 4 根据课文内容，在空白处填入所缺的单词。 So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now. My ____66____ school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with ____67____ floors and roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a ____68____ track covered in ____69____. When I reach the school grounds, I’m greeted by a ____70____ of “good morning” from the boys. 【答案】66. secondary 67. clay 68. dusty 69. weeds 70. chorus 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一所丛林学校做老师的经历。 【66题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的中学是一所丛林学校。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“中等的，中学的”，用形容词secondary作定语，修饰名词school。故填secondary。 【67题详解】 考查名词。句意：教室是用竹子建造的，有粘土地板和草屋顶。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“黏土，粘土”，用名词clay，作定语修饰名词floors，说明被修饰词的材料。故填clay。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我走在一条满是灰尘、杂草丛生的小路上，只花了几分钟就到了学校。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“布满灰尘的，满是灰尘的”，用形容词dusty作定语，修饰名词track。故填dusty。 【69题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“杂草”，用名词weed，作介词in的宾语，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指，故用复数。故填weeds。 【70题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我到达学校场地时，男孩们齐声向我问好。根据句意和句子结构可知，该处句意为“齐声，异口同声”，用名词chorus作介词by的宾语，由不定冠词a限定，用单数。故填chorus。 第七节：单句填空（5分共5题，每小题1分） 71. He devoted himself to the rural development for many years and laid a solid f__________ (基础) for his political career. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】foundation##oundation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他多年来致力于农村建设，为他的政治生涯奠定了坚实的基础。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用名词foundation，作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a，foundation应用单数形式，lay a solid foundation for意为“为……奠定坚实的基础”。故填foundation。 72. It turned out that he was not g__________ (有罪的). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】guilty##uilty 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：结果证明他是无罪的。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示g可知，“有罪的”的形容词是guilty，故填guilty。 73. It should not be taken for g__________ (想当然) that Tom was innocent. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】granted##ranted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：不能想当然地认为汤姆是无辜的。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词grant，且需用granted的形式，构成固定句型take it for granted that…，意为“认为……是理所当然”。故填granted。 74. At a press conference yesterday, the __________ (律师) was a star. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】lawyer 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在昨天的新闻发布会上，这位律师是个明星。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用名词lawyer，作主语，结合“was”可知，lawyer应用单数形式。故填lawyer。 75. When this type of balloon is filled with hydrogen, it b__________ around (蹦来蹦去). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】bounces##ounces 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当这种气球充满氢气时，它会蹦来蹦去。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词bounce“弹起，反弹”，构成动词短语bounce around“蹦来蹦去，四处蹦”，且此处是描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为it，bounce应用第三人称单数形式。故填bounces。 第八节，完成句子（5分，共5题，每小题1分，每空不超过5个词） 76. With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards ___________ (一个洁净的、可持续发展的未来).(用短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】a clean and sustainable future 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和名词。“一个未来”作宾语，用a future表示，“洁净的”和“可持续发展的”作定语，用形容词clean和sustainable表示，用连词and连接。故填a clean and sustainable future。 77. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to __________ (生理和心理健康问题).(用短语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】physical and mental health problems 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：例如，他们中的一些人可能会卷入烟草或酒精滥用，这可能导致身体和精神健康问题。“健康问题”作宾语，用名词短语health problem，结合句意，泛指健康问题，用复数形式；“生理”和“心理”作定语，分别用形容词physical和mental，用并列连词and连接。故填physical and mental health problems。 78. There is ____________ (一条基于……的著名谚语) the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” (用非谓语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】a famous saying based on 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、名词和非谓语动词。句意：有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”“一条著名谚语”可用名词短语a famous saying，作there be句型的主语，“基于……的”是修饰saying的成分，可用动词短语base… on…表示“使……建立在……基础上”，和saying逻辑上是被动关系，因此用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填a famous saying based on。 79 Three classes ____________ (被随机挑选) to participate in the flipped classroom experiments.(用被动语态) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】were randomly selected 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态，主谓一致和副词。句意：随机选取三个班级参与翻转课堂实验。“挑选”是select，“随机”用副词randomly修饰动词select，三个班级是被挑选，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Three classes是复数，因此被动语态中的be动词用were，因此空格处是were randomly selected。故填were randomly selected。 80. In his letter, he expressed his sympathy for innocent civilians ________ (去世或受伤的) in the war. (用定语从句) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】who were dead or injured 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和形容词。句意：他在信中对在战争中死伤的无辜平民表示同情。空处修饰名词civilians，civilians指人，可用关系代词who引导限制性定语从句，先行词civilians在从句中作主语，结合“expressed”可知，此处时态应用一般过去时，“去世”可用were dead，“或”用连词or，“受伤的”可用injured，和dead并列，作表语。故填who were dead or injured。 第九节，应用文写作（满分15分） 81. 你班最近举行了一次题为“海洋探索”的班会。请根据下表内容给学校英语报写一篇报道，介绍讨论情况并发表你的观点。 赞同理由 1. 帮助我们更好了解海洋生态系统；2. 找到新资源。 反对理由 1. 已造成海洋污染； 2. 过度探索将带来持续的不良后果。 你的观点 …… 提示词：生态系统 ecosystem 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文1: Recently, we have had a class meeting on sea exploration. Students have divided opinions about it. Some think it important to explore the sea because we can have a better understanding of the marine ecosystem. Secondly, they believe sea exploration makes it possible to find new resources. However, others view that it has caused serious pollution. Besides, they believe the over-exploration of the sea will lead to continuously bad results. In my opinion, it’s necessary to carry on sea exploration and we must keep a balance between sea exploration and sea conservation. 参考范文2: Recently, our class had a meeting on “Exploring the Ocean.” We had a productive discussion, and I’d like to share the outcomes and express my viewpoint. Many students agreed with ocean exploration for two reasons. Firstly, it deepens our understanding of the marine ecosystem. Additionally, exploring the ocean may reveal new resources that benefit industries and human development. However, some students highlighted the pollution caused by human activities and the potential serious consequences of excessive exploration. In my view, we must strike a balance between the protection and exploration of marine ecosystem. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇书面表达类应用文。要求考生介绍你班最近举行了一次题为“海洋探索”的班会中的讨论情况，内容包括同学们赞同的理由、反对的理由和你的观点。以例文二为例进行分析。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想要做某事：would like to do sth. → feel like doing sth. 此外：additionally → what’s more 强调：highlight → emphasize 结果：consequence → result 2.句式拓展 简单句变强调句 原句：Many students agreed with ocean exploration for two reasons. 拓展句：It is many students who agreed with ocean exploration for two reasons. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Additionally, exploring the ocean may reveal new resources that benefit industries and human development. (运用了动名词作主语和that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】However, some students highlighted the pollution caused by human activities and the potential serious consequences of excessive exploration. (运用了过去分词短语作后置定语) 第十节 读后续写（满分25分） 82. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We awoke on Thursday morning of a normal temperature of 31°F, but that was short before the temperature continued to drop. Our Channel 2 weatherman, P. J. Hoff, on his evening broadcast of Jan. 25 told us to expect freezing rain, but the snow started falling in the early morning hours of Thursday, Jan. 26. We were told to prepare for 4-8 inches of snow — not the 23 inches that would finally arrive. The city was paralyzed by the snowstorm. Mayor Daley ordered the city workers to work around the clock to clear the streets, but the snow fell faster than they could plow (清扫). By Friday, the whole city was shut down. No one at our house went to work or school. Ten feet of snow blocked our door. At first, it was fun to be free of school, but we soon learned we could be locked in our home. Little did we know that our snow day would grow into four days of being trapped inside our house. After a good 24 hours of staying at home, my sister Jenny, brother Robert and I were all very bored and driving the adults in the house crazy. They suggested we take our shovels (铲) and go outside, challenging us to dig a way to the street. We began digging, but not thinking ahead. We threw each shovel full of snow over our shoulders, filling the road behind us. When we reached the street, we turned to admire our work only to realize we had filled in the road back to the house. We would need to start traveling all over again. 注意：1. 续写的词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 It was then that Jenny and I realized we had lost little Robert. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then suddenly we noticed a little hand rising up out of the snow. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文1: It was then that Jenny and I realized we had lost little Robert. We were supposed to be watching him, and now he had disappeared into the snow. With no footprints or any other signs to follow, coupled with the thought that our mother would kill us for losing him, we began to shout his name. We looked around and waited for a response. However, there was no response at all. With nobody to turn to for help, we were at a loss what to do next. Then suddenly we noticed a little hand rising up out of the snow. It must be Robert. We looked at one another and realized that we must have buried him as we threw the snow over our shoulders. We fought our way through the snow and quickly uncovered him. Luckily, Robert was safe and sound. We make him promise not to tell mom we had “lost” him. Robert happily agreed, because he thought it was fun to be buried alive and wanted to do it again. But for us, it was not fun at all. 参考范文2: It was then that Jenny and I realized we had lost little Robert. Our hearts raced with worry. Grabbing our shovels, we began digging through the deep snow, hoping to uncover him before it was too late. We called out his name, but there was no response. The snow was so thick that it covered our footprints, making it harder to recognize our steps. The freezing cold nipped at our noses, but we kept digging, driven by our love for Robert and the fear of losing him. Then suddenly we noticed a little hand rising up out of the snow. We cleared away more snow and found Robert smiling at us. He was playing in a snow fort that he had made and didn’t realize we were looking for him. We hugged him tightly, feeling a mix of joy and relief flooding our hearts. From that moment on, we realized the importance of sticking together and being more careful in the snow. It was a valuable lesson, which reminded us of the strength of family bonds and the need to stay safe in challenging weather conditions. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者所在的城市因暴风雪而瘫痪，门被厚厚的积雪堵住，作者一家只能在家，起初觉得很有趣，但是很快就变得无聊，作者和妹妹Jenny以及弟弟Robert拿起铲子，想要挖一条通向街道的路，当到达街上时他们回头才发现身后的路被雪填满了，他们不得不重新开始。以范文二为例。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我和Jenny意识到我们失去了小Robert。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Jenny在雪中挖掘寻找Robert的过程和当时恐慌的心理状态。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，我们注意到一只小手从雪中伸出来。”可知，第二段可描写找到Robert后紧紧拥抱在一起，松了一口气，以及意识到雪地里保持安全的重要性。 2.续写线索：弟弟不见了——担心——挖掘寻找——寒冷刺骨——找到Robert——拥抱——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①辨认：recognize/make out ②发现：find/discover ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①担心：worry/concern ②喜悦：joy/pleasure 【点睛】[高分句型1] The snow was so thick that it covered our footprints, making it harder to recognize our steps. (由so…that引导的结果状语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] It was a valuable lesson, which reminded us of the strength of family bonds and the need to stay safe in challenging weather conditions. (由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$