Unit5 Educational exchanges 课时3 语法-【宝典训练】2023-2024学年八年级上册英语高效课堂课件(沪教牛津版)

Unit 5　Educational exchanges 课时3 语法 目 录 01 课时精讲 02 课时过关 01 课时精讲 语法精讲 现在完成时态的时态意义 1．现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already posted the letter.(I posted the letter and the letter is not here.) 2．现在完成时态表示过去某时刻开始持续到现在的动作或情况。 We've waited for 5 hours. 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 现在完成时态的构成：have/has ＋ 动词过去分词 ◎规则动词的过去分词形式 变形规律 例子 一般直接在词尾加上-ed look—looked；post—posted 以e结尾的动词，直接加-d move—moved；use—used 辅音字母 ＋ y结尾，变y为i再加-ed carry—carried 重读闭音节单词需双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed stop—stopped；plan—planned 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 ◎不规则动词的过去分词形式 需要牢记不规则动词表；不规则动词的变形也有一些规律 ◎ 不规则动词 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 请写出下列不规则动词的过去式和过去分词。 do _____ ______ be ___________ ______ learn _____________ _____________ teach ________ ________ spend _______ _______ have _____ _____ keep ______ ______ make ______ ______ see _____ ______ come ______ ______ did done learned/learnt learned/learnt was/were been taught taught spent spent had had kept kept made made saw seen came come 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 win ______ _____ find _______ _______ go ______ ______ run _____ _____ sell ______ ______ won won found found went gone ran run sold sold 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 现在完成时态的时间状语 现在完成时的常见时间状语有for, since, so far, by now, ever, never, just, yet, in the past…years等。 We've learnt 3，000 words so far. They haven't finished their task yet. He has collected 500 stamps since ten years ago. The young men have travelled 10 countries in the past ten years. 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 几组易混淆词的用法辨析 1．already&yet already常用于肯定句；yet常用于否定句和疑问句。 Tom has already finished his homework. Tom hasn't finished his homework yet. Have you seen the Great Wall yet? 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 请用already和yet完成下列句子。 (1)Have they begun Unit 11 _____？ (2)He has left the office _________． (3)I have _________ finished my homework． (4)Their parents haven't come back _____． yet already already yet 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 2．ever&never ever, never常用于助动词have, has的后面，实义动词的前面。ever意为“曾经”，never意为“从不”。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 请用ever和never完成句子。 (1)Have you _____ been to Beijing? 你去过北京吗？ (2)She has ______ seen a panda．她从没见过熊猫。 ever never 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 3．区分：have/has gone to; have/has been to; have/has been in have/has gone (to) sp．表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里。 have/has been (to) sp．表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人已经回来。 have/has been in sp.for some time 表示“某人到某地去了，现在人还待在那里”。 Jim has gone to London with his family. Jim has been to London twice. Jim has been in London for two weeks. 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 请用have/has gone to; have/has been to或have/has been in 完成下列句子。 (1)— _______ you ______ ____ England? —No, never. (2)He came to Shenzhen in 1994.He _____ ______ _____ Shenzhen since 1994. (3)—How long ______ they ______ ____ Beijing? —For one month./Since last month. Have been to has been in have been in 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (4)—Where have you been? —I ______ ______ ______ the library. (5)She isn't here．She ______ ________ ______ the shop．And she ______ ______ _____ the shop for two hours. have been to has gone to has been in 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 现在完成时态的基本句式 基本句式 例句 肯定句：Sb．＋ have/has ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 其他． I have learnt to use chopsticks. 否定句： Sb．＋ have/has not或者缩写haven't/hasn't ＋ 过去分词＋ 其他． We haven't received a letter from him. He hasn't replied to my e-mail. 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 基本句式 例句 疑问句：Have/Has ＋ sb．＋ 过去分词 ＋ 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, sb．＋ have/has. 否定回答：No, sb．＋ haven't/hasn't. —Have you learnt to use chopsticks? —Yes, I have. —No, I haven't. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词＋ have/has ＋ sb．＋ 过去分词 ＋ 其他？ What has he learned in the college？ 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 现在完成时与一般过去时的区分 现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去发生的动作，但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响或者状态延续到现在，强调的是现在，常与since…，for…，just, ever, never, before, already, yet, so far等连用。 一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，过去发生的动作与现在没有联系，常与表示过去的时间状语，如：yesterday, last year, three days ago, just now等连用。 I have lost my new watch．我把新手表丢了。(现在还没找到) I lost my new watch yesterday．我昨天把新手表丢了。(现在找到与否不清楚) 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (1)I ____________ (study) history for two years. (2)I _____ (have) a history lesson yesterday. (3)I ___________ (learn) a lot about Greek history．What do you want to know? (4)I ______ (read) the story of the Trojan War last week. have studied had have learnt read 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 02 课时过关 用括号中动词的正确时态填空。 1．I ______ (meet) my first teacher in the park just now. 2．Many people ______ (lose) their homes in the war. 3．He ____________ (finish) his homework, so he can watch TV now. 4．I __________ (keep) this dictionary for two weeks．I should give it back to the library. met lost has finished have kept 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 5．I _______ (begin) to learn English when I was young. 6．The war lasted 10 years, and finally, the Greeks __________ (capture) the city. 7．_______ you ever ______ (see) the movie? 8．She _________ (join) a club in her school two weeks ago. 9．I ______ not ______ (read) the book yet. 10．My brother _________ (live) here since he was born. began captured Have seen joined have read has lived 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 单项选择。 (　　)1．(2023·河北模拟)You said that Zhijin cave (织金洞) is very beautiful.Have you ______ there? A．gone B．been C．been to (　　)2．—He ______ to draw horses already． —When ______ he learn it? A．learned; did B．has learned; has C．has learned; did B C 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)3．—Do you know Yao Ming, the basketball player? —Of course! I ______ a lot of news about him on TV so far. A．read B．am reading C．have read (　　)4．—It's 7：30.I can't believe you ______ cooking dinner yet, Sandy. —I returned home a minute ago. A．didn't start B．haven't started C．won't start C B 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 (　　)5．—Where is Suzy? —She isn't here now because she ______ the zoo. A．has been to B．has gone in C．has gone to (　　)6．—Though the Greens ______ Guilin twice, they still want to go there. —Guilin is really a fantastic place． A．have been to B．have been in C．has been in C A 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填在相应的答题位置上。 (2023·枣庄峄城期末)In most 1．_________ (country)，people usually eat 2．___________ (tradition) food on special holidays． countries traditional 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 A special day in the United States 3．____ (be) Thanksgiving.It is always on the 4．________ (four)Thursday in November，and is a time to give thanks for food 5．_____ the autumn.At this time，people also remember the first travelers from England who 6．______ (come)to live in America about 400 years ago.These travelers 7．_____ (have) a long，hard winter，and many of them died.In the next autumn，they gave thanks for life 8．_____ food in their new home.These days，most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by 9．_________ (have) a big meal at home with their family.The main dish 10．____ this meal is almost always turkey，a large bird. is fourth in came had and having of 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回目录 本节内容到此结束！ logo $$ Unit 5 Educational exchanges 课时3 语法 【课时精讲】 二、did done was/werebeen learned/learnt learned/learnt taughttaught spent spent hadhad kept kept mademade saw seen camecome won won foundfound went gone ranrun sold sold 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回首页 四、1．(1) yet (2) already (3) already (4) yet 2．(1) ever (2) never 3．(1) Have; been to (2) has been in (3) have; been in (4) have been to (5) has gone to; has been in 六、(1) have studied (2) had (3) have learnt (4) read 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回首页 【课时过关】 一、1．met 2．lost 3．has finished 4．have kept 5．began 6．captured 7．Have; seen 8．joined 9．have; read 10．has lived 二、1—6 BCCBCA 三、1—5 BACCB 6—10 BCACC 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回首页 四、1．a 2．student 3．drives 4．late 5．teaching 6．family 7．who 8．My 9．and 10．at 第 ‹#› 页 课时3 语法 返回首页 本节内容到此结束！ logo $$