Unit 4 Information Technology 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修2同步课件 (北师大版)

05 单元限时小卷 建议用时：43分钟 1 [江苏南京师大附中2024高一期末] Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey （猎物） and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear? Birds and humans both have an inner ear and a middle ear. However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. Where humans have an outer ear organ, birds have a funnel-shaped （漏斗状的） opening that functions as their outer ear, located on each side of their head. These openings are usually positioned behind and slightly below a bird’s eyes and are protected by soft feathers. The position of a bird’s head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register （记录） at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum （鼓膜） but with a different frequency in the right eardrum.This allows the bird to locate a sound’s origin. 刷阅读理解 2 Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. Owls can use this time difference, which is only 30 millionths of a second, to determine whether the sounds are coming from their left or their right. Other birds of prey （猛禽） have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鸟类的耳朵结构以及鸟类是如何听到声音的，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力更好、更准确的原因。 1.According to paragraph 2, what is the major difference between birds’ ears and humans’ ears?( ) C A.Size. B.Position. C.Structure. D.Function. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure.可知，鸟类的耳朵和人类的耳朵不同的地方在于它们没有外耳结构。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 4 2.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?( ) D A.Each side of the bird’s head. B.Sound quality around the bird. C.The angle from which the noise comes. D.The difference in frequencies between the eardrums. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Scientists have determined that noises register… but with a different frequency in the right eardrum.可知，鸟类能够定位声音的来源是因为声音在它们的左鼓膜和右鼓膜的频率不同。所以This指代上文提到的“鼓膜之间的频率差异”。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 5 3.What is the purpose of the last paragraph?( ) A A.To give examples. B.To present the main idea. C.To draw a conclusion. D.To compare different opinions. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing… Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times.以及Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them.并结合第三段最后一句话可推知，本段主要以猫头鹰和其它猛禽为例，介绍了不同鸟类有不同的判断声音来源的能力。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 6 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?( ) C A.Different Senses of Birds B.Amazing Abilities of Birds C.The Secret of Birds’ Hearing D.The Origin of Birds’ Hearing 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了鸟类耳朵结构的特点以及鸟类是如何听到声音的，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力更好、更正确的原因。所以“鸟类听觉的奥秘”适合做本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 7 [山东省实验中学2024高一月考] Despite the importance of sleep to physical and mental well-being, you may find it challenging to get enough quality sleep each night. 1. . By getting to know them, you can take action to make it easier for you to fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling well-rested. Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night. 2. . Getting a mattress （床垫） with ideal support for the back and pressure-relieving materials helps prevent pain from appearing or worsening. Also, make sure you are sleeping on a pillow that keeps your neck and back in the correct position. 3. . And they can create a cyclical （循环的） problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases. So, if you are experiencing sleep-preventing stress, you can use helpful ways, like receiving professional treatment, to manage your pressure. 刷7选5 8 Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian rhythm （昼夜节律）, the body’s internal clock which controls when you feel tired or when to wake up. By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep. 4. . Food can also influence sleep quality by causing discomfort. Certain foods may cause an upset stomach at nighttime, including pizza, potato chips, cheese, chocolate, etc. 5. . They include whole grains, vegetables, and watery foods. Moreover, eating too much before bed can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, you should be mindful of what you eat and how much you eat before bed. 刷7选5 9 A.Back pain and neck pain are common discomforts. B.Keep a balanced diet and a dark sleep environment. C.In fact, sleep quality is influenced by various factors. D.However, there are other foods that can help ease discomfort. E.The effects of poor sleep quality can be felt in all areas of your life. F.Besides, troubling thoughts can stop you from getting quality sleep. G.For example, you can turn off the electronics before bed and wear an eye mask. 刷7选5 10 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响睡眠的因素，并提供了一些获得高质量睡眠的建议。 1.___ C 解析 根据设空处前后内容可知，前文提到每晚获得足够的高质量睡眠仍是一项挑战，后文提到通过了解某些事物并采取行动将有助于自己入睡、保持睡眠状态以及休息得更好，所以设空处应具体说明是哪些事物。故C项（事实上，睡眠质量受到多种因素的影响）符合语境，选项中的factors和后文的them相呼应。 2.___ A 解析 根据上文Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night.和下文的helps prevent pain及keeps your neck and back in… position可知，本段主要介绍身体上的疼痛对睡眠质量的影响以及缓解的方式，如选择对背部有理想支撑力的床垫、合适的枕头等，再结合选项可知，A项（背部疼痛和颈部疼痛是常见的不适状况）与上下文衔接紧密。 刷7选5 11 3.___ F 解析 根据后文And they can create a cyclical problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases.可知，设空处应提到they所指代的内容以及其引发的睡眠问题，故F项（此外，令人烦恼的想法会让你无法获得高质量的睡眠）符合语境，选项中的troubling thoughts为they所指代的内容。 4.___ G 解析 根据上文Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian rhythm和By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep.可知，设空处应承接上文，介绍减少光线对睡眠的负面影响的方法。故G项（例如，你可以在睡前关掉电子产品，戴上眼罩）符合语境。 刷7选5 12 5.___ D 解析 根据上文的Certain foods may cause an upset stomach可知，某些食物可能会造成夜间胃部不适；再根据下文They include whole grains… 列举了另外一些食物可知，设空处应提到某些食物及其对睡眠质量的影响。故D项（然而，还有其他食物可以帮助缓解不适）符合语境，选项中的other foods为空后They所指代内容。 刷7选5 13 [福建福州2024高一期中] Life is full of uncertainties, and every activity we do carries some level of . .1. .. Some activities, like snowboarding （单板滑雪运动）, often have a higher possibility of injury. Ian Steger . .2. . this first-hand when he had a serious snowboarding accident but he was so . .3. . that Francis Zuber passed by. In March, Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in Washington State. During their . .4. ., things took a dangerous turn. While moving through the trees, Ian fell backwards and crashed into one, finding himself . .5. . in a deep hole of snow. Ian explained the . .6. ., “When we entered the trees, they were so . .7. . together that we each had to find our own paths. Unluckily, the path I . .8. . led me straight into a big tree well.” Fearing the worst, Ian thought he was facing his . .9. . moments. However, Francis Zuber, a skier, happened to pass by. 刷完形填空 14 Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye. He . .10. . a snowboard sticking out from the snow, which was . .11. . considering how far it was from any populated areas. Worried, Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive any . .12. .. Francis grabbed the snowboard and realised Ian was trapped. Without hesitation （犹豫）, Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap. In the end, he . .13. . it. Feeling extremely . .14. ., Ian hugged Francis, telling him, “I’m so glad you . .15. . my life today.” 刷完形填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伊恩在一次滑雪事故中被弗朗西斯·朱伯所救的故事。 1.( ) A.interest B.risk C.boredom D.success B 解析 由下文often have a higher possibility of injury可知，这里指任何活动都有一定的风险。故选B项。 2.( ) A.discovered B.described C.mentioned D.guessed B 解析 由下文when he had a serious snowboarding accident可知，这里指伊恩·斯蒂格在经历了严重的单板滑雪事故后，描述任何活动都有风险。故选B项。 3.( ) A.proud B.nervous C.sure D.lucky D 解析 由下文Francis Zuber passed by及后文内容可知，弗朗西斯正好从伊恩身边经过救了他，所以这是一件幸运的事情。故选D项。 刷完形填空 16 4.( ) A.visit B.adventure C.training D.discussion B 解析 由上文Some activities, like snowboarding, often have a higher possibility of injury.和a snowboarding trip可知，这是一项冒险运动。故选B项。 5.( ) A.beaten B.hidden C.trapped D.tested C 解析 由下文in a deep hole of snow、Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap并结合语境可知，伊恩被困在了一个深深的雪洞里。故选C项。 6.( ) A.situation B.method C.difference D.invitation A 解析 由后文When we entered the trees, they were so ____ together that we each had to find our own paths.可知，伊恩在解释当时的情况。故选A项。 刷完形填空 17 7.( ) A.close B.safe C.unique D.high A 解析 由下文we each had to find our own paths可知，当时树木太密集了，所以他们每个人都必须找到自己的路。故选A项。 8.( ) A.advised B.cleared C.chose D.saw C 解析 由上文find our own paths可知，这里指伊恩自己选择的路。故选C项。 9.( ) A.quiet B.final C.right D.long B 解析 由上文Fearing the worst可知，伊恩想到他可能会因此丢掉性命，所以这里指最终时刻。故选B项。 10.( ) A.heard B.imagined C.kept D.noticed D 解析 由上文Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye.可知，这里指弗朗西斯注意到一块滑雪板。故选D项。 刷完形填空 18 11.( ) A.funny B.true C.unusual D.impossible C 解析 由下文how far it was from any populated areas可知，通常滑雪板离人口稠密的地区都很近，而这里人烟稀少却出现了一个，所以很不寻常。故选C项。 12.( ) A.reports B.warnings C.promises D.answers D 解析 由上文Francis called out to Ian和转折词but可知，这里指伊恩没有回答他。故选D项。 13.( ) A.made B.got C.put D.meant A 解析 由下文Ian hugged Francis可知，伊恩拥抱了弗朗西斯，此处说明弗朗西斯成功救出了伊恩。make it为固定搭配，意为“获得成功”。故选A项。 14.( ) A.tired B.thankful C.curious D.satisfied B 解析 由下文“I’m so glad you ____ my life today.”可知，被救后，伊恩感到非常感激。故选B项。 刷完形填空 19 15.( ) A.calmed B.touched C.spared D.saved D 解析 由上文Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap可知，这里指伊恩感谢弗朗西斯救了他。calm意为“使平静”；touch意为“触动”；spare意为“饶恕”；save意为“拯救”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 20 [河南驻马店2024期末统考] The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain gained the World Heritage Site status, 1. . （become） China’s 57th entry to the list and the first World Heritage Site related to tea. The 2. . （new） named heritage site, located in Pu’er, Yunnan Province, 3. . （consist） of five large-scale old tea forests, three protective barrier forests and nine ancient villages 4. . are mainly inhabited by the Blang and Dai ethnic groups. According to the research, about 10% of the tea trees on the mountain are at 5. . （little） 100 years old, with the oldest dating back more than 300 years. The cultural landscape was jointly created by the ancestors of the Blang people, who immigrated to the Jingmai Mountain in the 10th century CE and later discovered wild tea trees and the native Dai people. 6. . the basis of longstanding practices, local people developed the understorey growing technique, which involves allowing small and sufficiently shade-tolerant trees 7. . （grow） under the taller trees. They created ideal light conditions for growing tea becoming newly consists that/which least On to grow 刷语法填空 21 trees, while preventing insect hazards （危害） through a well-preserved forest ecosystem, thereby producing quality organic tea 8. . （leaf） without the use of pesticides and chemical fertilisers. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee noted the cultural landscape is 9. . outstanding example of human interaction with a challenging environment. It represents the ecological principles and wisdom which can inspire the sustainable 10. . （develop） in the world today. leaves an development 刷语法填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观被列入《世界遗产名录》，它是中国第57个入选该名录的项目，还介绍了该文化景观的特色和价值。 1.__________ becoming 解析 句意为：景迈山古茶林文化景观入选《世界遗产名录》，成为我国第57项世界遗产，也是首个与茶有关的世界遗产。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语gained，其与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain和动词become之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。 2._______ newly 解析 句意为：新命名的遗产地位于云南省普洱市，由五片大型古茶林、三片分隔防护林和九个主要由布朗族和傣族聚居的古村落组成。设空处修饰动词named，作状语，表示“最近；最新”，应用副词。故填newly。 刷语法填空 23 3.________ consists 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处在主句中作谓语，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The ____ named heritage site为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式，注意consist of没有被动语态，意为“由……组成”，故填consists。 4.__________ that/which 解析 句意见第2题解析。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词nine ancient villages，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导该从句。 5._____ least 解析 句意为：据考证，山上约有10%的茶树树龄至少有100年，最古老的可以追溯到300多年前。at least为固定搭配，意为“至少”，故填least。 刷语法填空 24 6.____ On 解析 句意为：在长期实践的基础上，当地人开发了林下种植技术，其中包括让较小且足够耐荫的树木在较高的树木下生长。on the basis of… 为固定搭配，意为“在……的基础上”。 7.________ to grow 解析 句意见上一题解析。allow sb/sth to do sth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，故填to grow。 8._______ leaves 解析 句意为：他们为茶树的生长创造了理想的光照条件，同时通过保存完好的森林生态系统预防虫害，从而在不使用农药和化肥的情况下生产出优质的有机茶叶。leaf是可数名词，前面无限定词修饰，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填leaves。 刷语法填空 25 9.____ an 解析 句意为：联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会指出，这里的文化景观是人类与充满挑战的环境互动的杰出范例。example为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处泛指一个杰出的例子，应用不定冠词修饰，且outstanding的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 10.____________ development 解析 句意为：它代表能够启发当今世界可持续发展的生态原则和智慧。设空处在which引导的定语从句中作inspire的宾语，且被定冠词the和形容词sustainable修饰，应用名词development，意为“发展”。 刷语法填空 26 长难句分析 句意：新命名的遗产地位于云南省普洱市，由五片大型古茶林、三片分隔防护林和九个主要由布朗族和傣族聚居的古村落组成。 刷语法填空 27 假定你是李华，你在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事。请阅读启事，并根据写作要点写一封应征邮件。 Volunteers Wanted Our annual English Cultural Festival, which will be held on June 15—17, is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show, Speech Contest, and English Debate. If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshi@aef.com. 写作要点： 1.表达写信意图； 2.陈述应征目的； 3.说明应征条件（性格、能力等）。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 刷应用文写作 28 Dear Ms Chen, I’m Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 1.In order to 1. . （提高我的组织和沟通技能）, I’m writing to 2. . .（申请学生志愿者的岗位）. On the one hand, 3. . （我乐于助人）, which drives me to offer my service; on the other hand, I 4. . （英语能力很强） that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher, 5. . （确保我具备相关的工作经验）. I am sure that I will 6. . （不辜负您的期待）.I will be highly grateful if you could 7. . （考虑一下我的申请）. Looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua communication skills position as a student volunteer I am ready to help others have such a good command of English/am so good at English working experience come/live up to your expectations take my application into consideration/account improve my organisational and apply for the ensuring me relevant 刷应用文写作 29 稻壳儿 词汇加油站 &14& 核心词汇 1.function vi. 起作用；运转 n. 功能；机能 2.worsen vt. & vi.（使）变得更坏，变得更糟，恶化 3.mindful adj. 记着；想着；考虑到 &15& 进阶词汇 internal adj. 体内的；内部的；内心的 &16& 熟词生义 1.keen 熟义：adj. 热衷于 生义：adj. 灵敏的 2.position 熟义：n. 位置；地方 生义：vt. 使处于 &17& 构词法 dis- prefix 不；非 discomfort n. 不舒服；不适 $$