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Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Reading in the strong light will be ________ (harm) to your eyes.
harmful
解析 句意为:在强光下阅读会对你的眼睛有害。be harmful to… 表示“对……有害”。
2.Her _________ (argue) for the trip is that it can broaden our horizons.
argument
解析 句意为:她支持这次旅行的理由是它可以开阔我们的眼界。设空处作主语,表示“论点;论据”,应用名词形式,且根据系动词is可知,应用单数形式,故填argument。
3.He kept interrupting me, breaking my _____________ (concentrate).
concentration
解析 句意为:他一直打扰我,使我没办法集中注意力。设空处应填名词concentration作breaking的宾语,意为“专心;专注”,此时为不可数名词。
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4._______ (brief) speaking, it is a good book worth reading.
Briefly
解析 句意为:简言之,这是一本值得一读的好书。briefly speaking意为“简单地说;简言之”,为评注性状语。
5.In this case, we are __________ (concern) for the danger of the malicious (怀有恶意的) application.
concerned
解析 句意为:在这种情况下,我们担心的是恶意应用程序的危害。be concerned for… 表示“担忧……”。
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3
6.We’re going to replace firewood ________ clean energy, improve living environments and create green rural areas.
with/by
解析 句意为:我们将用清洁能源取代木柴,改善生活环境,建设绿色乡村。replace sth with/by sth为固定搭配,意为“用某物替代某物”。故填with/by。
7.My mum used to give me chocolate as ___ reward when I did good jobs.
a
解析 句意为:妈妈过去常常在我表现好的时候给我巧克力作为奖励。reward在此处作名词,意为“奖励;报酬”,此处表示“作为一种奖励”,表泛指,其前应用不定冠词,且reward的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.The girl walked into a gift store with eyes focused ____ the doll in the windows.
on
解析 句意为:那个女孩走进一家礼品店,眼睛盯着橱窗里的玩具娃娃。固定表达focus one’s eyes on表示“双眼盯着……;把目光聚集在……”,此处为focus的过去分词作宾补。故填on。
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9.____ is shown, the new computer system functions quite well.
As
解析 句意为:结果表明,新的计算机系统运行良好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,位于句首,关系词在从句中作主语,代指后面的主句,有“正如”之意。故填As。
10.It is not what you have said but the way you have expressed it _____ could have been better.
that
解析 句意为:不是你所说的内容,而是你的表达方式本可以更好一些。此处考查强调句型it is… that/who…, 强调句子的主语not what you have said but… it。故填that。
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根据提示补全句子。
1.真正的友谊是建立在相互理解与尊重的基础上的。(basis)
True friendship is set up ____ ____ ______ ___ the mutual understanding and respect.
2.此外,运动还能减轻压力,有助于心理健康。(addition)
___ ________, exercise can _______ _____________ and contribute to mental health.
3.噪声不绝于耳,我没办法专心工作。(concentrate)
I can’t ___________ ____ _______ ______ with all the noises going on.
on
the
basis
of
In
addition
reduce
stress/pressure
concentrate
on
my/the
work
4.我们的邻居要搬走了,不过我希望我们彼此仍然保持联系。(touch)
Our neighbours are moving away but I hope that we’ll still ____________ ___ ______ _____ each other.
stay/keep/be
in
touch
with
5.太长的屏幕使用时间不利于青少年的身心健康。(harm)
Too much screen time _____ ______ ___ the physical and mental health of the teens.
does
harm
to
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6
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships? Opinions are 1. . (vary) among different people.
Some hold 2. . view that while the Internet brings people closer, it harms friendships indeed. First, talking online is no 3. . (replace) for face-to-face communication. Instead, according to a parenting expert, the Internet makes 4. . harder for children to concentrate or show kindness. Second, it makes people self-centred. Unlike the long-term and
5. . (reward) friendships in the real world, people only care about their online popularity. Third, true friendships 6. . (build) on trust while online friendships may not be so. Sometimes, if you are too trusting, it can be 7. . (particular) dangerous, because you can’t be very sure that the friends you are chatting with are being honest.
varied
the
replacement
it
rewarding
are built
particularly
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However, others believe the Internet helps develop friendships. For one thing, people can stay in touch with friends conveniently, 8. . they are at home or on the move. For another thing, chatting online adds more fun to communication and takes 9. . (little) time to give a response to a message with videos, photos, and emojis all available. Useful suggestions or information is provided immediately by people, which makes people feel loved and 10. . (care) for.
whether
less
cared
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1._______
varied
解析 设空处作表语,表示“不同的;迥异的”,应用形容词varied。
2.____
the
解析 根据语境和句子结构可知,设空处后有同位语从句,解释说明view的内容;此处特指这种观点,应用定冠词修饰,故填the。
3.___________
replacement
解析 设空处作表语,且其前有限定词no,其后有介词for,应用名词;此处表示“替代品;替换物”,故填replacement。
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4.___
it
解析 此处为“make it+adj.+for sb+to do sth”结构,原文中真正的宾语为to concentrate or show kindness,此处应用it作形式宾语。
5.__________
rewarding
解析 设空处与long-term并列作定语,修饰名词friendships,表示“有益的”,应用形容词rewarding。
6._________
are built
解析 此处为客观介绍,应用一般现在时;true friendships与build之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是复数形式,助动词用are。
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7.___________
particularly
解析 设空处修饰形容词dangerous,作状语,应用副词。
8.________
whether
解析 whether… or… 意为“不论……还是……”。
9._____
less
解析 根据语境及空前的more可知,此处表示“花费更少的时间回复消息”,含比较意义。
10.______
cared
解析 此处与loved并列,作feel的表语,此处指“让人们感受到爱和关心”,表被动,应用过去分词。故填cared。
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[江苏常州高级中学2023高一期中] 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There have been a lot of 1. . (argument) about the junk (无用的东西) that pops up in the form of game-related push notices on smartphones. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage of algorithms (算法) 2. . (get) more hits and increase their data flow.
However, this kind of “smartness” is bad for users, for the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value and beyond the 3. . (recognise) of children. Once they get trapped in this “information cocoon” (信息茧房), it isn’t 4. . (benefit) to their learning process.
arguments
to get
recognition
beneficial
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To prevent that from happening, market regulators need to strengthen management of app algorithms 5. . they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. Additionally, the laws must 6. . (make) so that smartphone apps don’t continue helping those advertisers 7. . target is to make a profit by spreading junk. Although the purpose of increased data flow 8. . (be) to attract commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldn’t pursue profit at 9. . cost of youngsters’ mental growth. Finally, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach children how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them 10. . (concentrate) on the right thing and avoiding getting lost in an ocean of useless information.
and
be made
whose
is
the
concentrating
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现在的应用程序开发商为了增加自己的数据流量,会在智能手机上弹出与游戏相关的推送,这种做法对孩子有害。
1.__________
arguments
解析 句意为:关于智能手机上弹出的与游戏相关的推送通知这种垃圾信息有很多争论。设空处作there be句型中的主语,argument意为“争论”,根据空前的have been可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填arguments。
2._______
to get
解析 句意为:事实上,这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多的点击量并增加他们的数据流。分析句子结构可知,从句中已有谓语,结合语境可知,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故填to get。
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3.___________
recognition
解析 句意为:然而,这种“聪明”对用户来说是有害的,因为通过这种方式发送的信息几乎没有任何教育价值,而且儿童无法识别。设空处在介词beyond后作宾语,且前面有定冠词the,故填名词recognition。
4.__________
beneficial
解析 句意为:一旦他们被困在这个“信息茧房”中,这对他们的学习过程没有好处。设空处在主句中作表语,表示“有利的”,应用形容词。故填beneficial。
5._____
and
解析 句意为:为了防止那种情况发生,市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理,他们也可以改进技术,防止用户沉迷于垃圾信息。根据语境并结合设空处后的also可知,设空处前后为并列递进的关系,应用并列连词and连接。
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6._________
be made
解析 句意为:此外,必须制定法律,这样智能手机应用程序就不会继续帮助那些通过传播垃圾信息来获取利润的广告商。设空处与must构成主句的谓语,laws和make之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;空前已有情态动词must,故填be made。
7._______
whose
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those advertisers,设空处在从句中作target的定语,表示“……的目标”,故用关系代词whose引导该从句。
8.___
is
解析 句意为:虽然增加数据流的目的是吸引商业广告,但媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。根据语境可知,此处表示客观陈述,应用一般现在时;从句主语为the purpose of increased data flow,为单数,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
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9.____
the
解析 句意见上一题解析。at the cost of… 为固定搭配,意为“以……为代价”。故填the。
10._____________
concentrating
解析 句意为:最后,学校和家长需要共同努力,教孩子们如何辨别垃圾信息和有用信息,从而使他们专注于正确的事情,避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构,设空处作宾补,them指children,与concentrate之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填concentrating。
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