广东省普宁市勤建学校2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题

勤建学校2023-2024学年第2学期第2次月考 高一英语科试卷（B卷） 第一部分：阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第1节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (共 15 小题; 每题 2.5分，满分 37.5 分) A Explore the British Museum The British Museum is home to a large number of artifacts that tell the stories of civilizations from across the globe. Each artifact offers a unique glimpse into the past, making it a must-visit destination for people who are very interested in history. Let’s explore the wonders of the museum and start a journey through time and culture. The Rosetta Stone: A Key to the Past The Rosetta Stone is one of the most famous artifacts at the British Museum. Discovered in Egypt in 1799, the ancient stone was carved writings in three languages, helping expert understand the secrets of ancient Egyptian writing. The Elgin Marbles: A Collection under debate The Elgin Marbles are a group of beautiful marble sculptures (大理石雕塑) that once decorated the Parthenon temple in Greece. They were taken to Britain by Lord Elgin in the early 19th century, causing debate over whether they should be returned to Greece. The Egyptian Mummies: Secrets of the Afterlife The British Museum also houses a collection of Egyptian mummies, providing a look at ancient burial practices and beliefs about the afterlife. These well-preserved bodies offer valuable opportunity for people to better understand the culture of ancient Egypt. The Greek Pottery: Art and Function Among the museum’s artifacts is a collection of Greek pottery, showing the artistry and craftsmanship of ancient Greek civilization. These well-decorated vessels (器皿) were used for various purposes, from daily life to religious ceremonies. 1．Why is the Elgin Marbles a collection under debate? A．Because it was taken from Greece by Lord Elgin. B．Because it was carved writings in three languages. C．Because it once decorated the Parthenon temple in Greece. D．Because it provided a chance to learn something about the afterlife. 2．Which of the following represent the Egyptian civilization? A．The Rosetta Stone and The Elgin Marbles. B．The Rosetta Stone and The Egyptian Mummies. C．The Egyptian Mummies and The Elgin Marbles. D．The Elgin Marbles and The Greek Pottery. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel brochure. B．A science magazine. C．A news report. D．A book review. B Fast fashion has been sweeping the whole world for its accessibility and price. However, these quick and easily accessible clothing brands aren’t as safe as they appear. As fast fashion grows, so does the environmental influence it leaves behind. Fast fashion brands search for the cheapest and fastest way to keep up with the latest trends, and many clothing items require large amounts of cotton, nylon and polyester (聚酯纤维). These materials may appear safe to the eye, but they have a greater impact on the environment than most people believe. Cotton is the most profitable non-food crop in the world. The cotton industry makes up 7% of all labor in developing countries. Cotton, however, is not very safe for the environment once it’s mass-produced for clothing. Cotton planting, the process of putting the leaves of the cotton plants under the soil to grow new cotton, actually destroys the quality of the soil in which it is grown. Cotton production usually includes the use of fertilizers and pesticides, which not only pollute the soil, but also the water through polluted runoff. Nylon, unlike cotton, is a fully synthetic (合成的) material. It is the first fabric (布料) to be made fully in a laboratory. Nylon is not biodegradable (可自然降解的) and its production is an energy-wasting process that creates unsafe gases and sends them into the atmosphere. Polyester is made out of petroleum. This fabric is one of the world’s most popular and cheapest fabrics to make. Its whole production process sends unsafe gases into the air. Besides, once the polyester clothing is made, washing it sends microfibers into the environment, specifically in waterways. So polyester is considered one of the most perilous materials to the environment. Despite various companies making clothing out of unsafe materials, it’s up to you to put a stop to it. Try shopping for more environmentally friendly materials. And when it’s time to get rid of old clothes, don’t throw them away. Instead of having your clothes become landfill, sell them, or even donate them to somebody else. 4．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Fast fashion is popular because of its high quality. B．Fast fashion has a negative effect on the environment. C．The materials of fast fashion brands are environmentally-friendly. D．Despite the expensive price, the materials of fast fashion brands are safe. 5．What can be inferred about cotton planting from the text? A．A large quantity of water is wasted. B．Harmful gases are sent into the air. C．The soil environment is damaged. D．Great profits are gained by farmers. 6．What does the underlined word “perilous” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Safe. B．Important. C．Useful. D．Dangerous. 7．What does the author try to do in the last paragraph? A．Call on people to take action. B．Give a warning to the public. C．Offer some shopping advice. D．Raise some questions of fast fashion C Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking. For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of “washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules. And a 2015 survey of over 1, 500 American consumers found that nearly 70 percent rinse or wash their poultry before cooking it, though the U. S. Department of Agriculture( USDA) started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the 1990s. Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne illness (食源性疾病), washing meat increases the likelihood of spreading unwanted pathogens (病原体), like salmonella and campylobacter, around the kitchen. “Washing meat before cooking is not really helping,” says Betty Feng, associate professor of food science at Purdue University. “The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink.” Moreover, Feng cautions against using saltwater, vinegar, or lemon juice, which simply isn’t strong enough to effectively kill foodborne pathogens. “If the acidity is high enough to kill bacteria, then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to wash,” she says. And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. “I would treat the entire sink just like the outside of the chicken——it’s a biological hazard,” says Benjamin Chapman, one of the study authors and associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and human sciences department. “The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.” 8．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A．To broaden the readers’ horizons. B．To make a comparison. C．To introduce the topic. D．To state the author’s opinion. 9．What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text? A．Nearly 70 percent of American consumers follow the rules. B．The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects. C．Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar. D．It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness. 10．What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to Betty? A．It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years. B．It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness. C．It can not be directly done/with your bare hands. D．It may do a favor/ to the transfer of pathogens. 11．Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the last paragraph? A．To emphasize that chickens pose a level/of threat to humans’ life. B．To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing. C．To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens. D．To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable. D The feeling of envy (忌妒) strikes at many moments these days: When a friend buys a house, or when a neighbor shares good news about their successful side project while you’re caught by sky-high debts, and when a co-worker gets a new job while your career has no progress. “It’s normal to feel envious. After all, envy is a universal emotion, and we don't have to feel ashamed by it,” psychologists (心理学家) say. In fact, psychologists suggest trying a powerful method and analyzing our envy to get clues about what we really want out of life. Doing so can help us figure out next steps in our careers and personal lives. “Two distinct types of envy exist. Malicious (怀有恶意的) envy arrives with anger, annoyance and a sense of wanting to take an advantage away from another person,” says Jan Crusius, psychologist and professor of motivation and emotion at University of Greifswald in Germany. Benign (良性的) envy, on the other hand, is when you wish you were in someone else’s position but don’t feel like tearing them down. That envy can inspire self-reflection and the motivation to set new goals. Research from Crusius has shown that marathon runners who were to experience benign envy also set higher goals for themselves, and tended to run faster in their races. Rather than bottle up envy when it occurs, start by asking who inspires a mix of admiration and envy in your life. If they’ve achieved a particular milestone, investigate why you’re drawn to that achievement. The answer may point you on a more fulfilling path. Changing your thoughts helps you view someone as a model to catch up rather than an opponent (对手) to defeat, and helps you focus on what you can control. 12．How did the author introduce the topic of the text? A．By showing a definition. B．By telling a story. C．By giving examples. D．By listing a series of findings. 13．What can benign envy bring us? A．Improvement. B．Anger. C．Happiness. D．Gratitude. 14．What should we do to deal with envy according to paragraph 4? A．Set a goal for ourselves. B．Defeat our opponent. C．Just let it be. D．Bottle up our envy. 15．Where can this text be read? A．In a news report. B．In a psychological magazine. C．In a book review. D．In a novel. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you’ve ever been in a cheerful mood, then met up with a bad-tempered friend, you’ll know how infectious emotions can be. Before you know it, you realize that you’re feeling down too. 16 . When you’ve been sad, perhaps your friend’s liveliness has helped to lighten your mood. You might wonder who wins out—if you’re feeling happy and your friend is feeling sad, do you yield to their sadness or do they catch your happiness? Part of the answer is likely depending on their and your levels of expressiveness and receptiveness. 17 . If you smile a lot when you’re happy, you’re more likely to infect your friend. Likewise, if your friend is impressionable and more prone (有做...倾向的) to copying facial expressions, then they’ll be more likely to catch your smiles and start feeling happier. 18 . For instance, there’s evidence that fear has a smell, and that smelling the sweat of an anxious person can initiate activity in parts of the brain involved in empathy (共情) and processing emotions. In fact, there doesn’t need to be any physical contact at all. Researchers have shown that emotions can spread through social media. 19 . If and when you encounter an opposite emotion to your own, the experience will likely vary depending on how invested you are in that other person or people. 20 . And if you’re feeling sad and a bunch of strangers surrounding you were laughing their heads off, you’re likely to find it really annoying. A．Happily, it can work the other way around too. B．This is especially true when we’re interacting with someone we care about. C．Everyone varies in how emotionally expressive and impressionable they are. D．That isn’t to say that facial expressions are the only way for emotions to spread. E．These processes have to do with effective communication and mutual understanding. F．If you care about them, you’ll be more motivated to shift emotionally to match their state. G．People exposed to more negative posts are more likely to post something negative themselves. 第二部分: 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A four-year-old dog named Kob became a hero in its neighborhood by discovering a possibly life-threatening gas leak (泄漏) in its owner’s front yard. This dog’s actions not only 21 its surroundings, but also stressed the importance of the behavior of our furry friends. The story began when Kob, 22 by 28-year-old Chanell Bell, started digging a large hole in the yard. At first, Bell thought this was typical dog 23 , but as the hole grew larger, she became 24 . Recognizing that Kob’s actions were unusual, she trusted the dog’s judgment, considering its normally well-behaved nature. After 25 a recent gas leak in her home, Chanel 26 a gas detecting (探测) tool. She followed her sense and chose to use the tool to 27 the newly dug hole by Kob. Finding gas coming out of the hole, Bell 28 contacted the authorities about the issue. “If it wasn’t found, the 29 would have continued to escape into our homes,” Bell said. “We were told it could have caused 30 health effects like breathing issues, brain damage, and even 31 . They told me that something as simple as 32 a light could have caused a burst!” During the repairs, workers 33 three main gas leaks in Bell’s neighborhood caused by aging 34 . It took the workers over three days to repair the leaks and replace the old equipment. Throughout the repairs, the workers 35 Kob for saving the neighborhood. 21．A．matched B．beautified C．saved D．explored 22．A．admitted B．owned C．trained D．cured 23．A．behavior B．effort C．appearance D．responsibility 24．A．disappointed B．encouraged C．confident D．concerned 25．A．fearing B．avoiding C．recording D．experiencing 26．A．bought B．repaired C．shared D．researched 27．A．decorate B．mark C．fill D．examine 28．A．secretly B．obviously C．immediately D．regularly 29．A．oil B．gas C．air D．water 30．A．serious B．extra C．special D．similar 31．A．injury B．trouble C．death D．failure 32．A．looking into B．turning on C．fixing up D．breaking down 33．A．missed B．changed C．doubted D．discovered 34．A．services B．design C．equipment D．places 35．A．praised B．inspired C．held D．protected 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Dragons, a famous 36 (imagine) beast, are often present in stories in the west and east. In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical 37 (ability). However, due to their different cultural roots and images, there 38 (be) significant differences in the way dragons are regarded in the west and east, 39 (particular) in China. Chinese dragons look like snakes, and have four claws (爪) and no wings. They often have features of other animals, 40 (include) carp (鲤鱼), tigers, and eagles. In the contrast, Western dragons look like huge lizards (蜥蜴) with big claws and large bat-like wings, and are often shown with spines or rough scales. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is 41 symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields to ensure rich harvests. They are considered divine (神圣的) creatures, 42 hold an important position as the head of the four spirits. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns. These clothes are known as dragon robes. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, proudly referring to 43 (they) as “descendants (后裔) of the dragon”. In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They 44 (believe) to be transformed by the devil, with the ability 45 (breathe) fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger. 第三部分词汇考查（共三节，满分35分） 第1节、 单词拼写(根据首字母或者中文意思填写完整，每道题1分，共15分) 1.I have to admit that it d_____________ (肯定，确实) feels good to be back in the city again. 2.I s_____________(挑选) a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates. 3.The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by i____________ (移民) from different countries and cultures. 4.He tried to solve his f_____________ (财政的) problems, but he couldn’t. 5.The population of this district is quite d____________ (多样的), with immigrants from many countries settling here. 6．1.I was very pleased with your 　　　(分析) of the situation.  7．She removed the child from the basin and placed him on a clean 　　　(毛巾) for drying. 8．The earth is nothing but a very small planet in the endless 　　　 (宇宙). 9．The painful experience has affected both her m　　　 and physical health.   10. Smoking should be banned in cars, and particularly any v　　　 with children in it. 11．Pages should not be copied without the ________ (准许) of the publisher. 12．The volunteer was very excited and couldn’t ________ (使……平静) himself down. 13．Don’t ________(犹豫) to talk to your teachers or parents if you have difficulties. 14．It is time that we should________ (催促，力劝) an immediate end to illegal hunting． 15．He declared his ________(意图) to become the best golfer in the world. 第二节 单句语法填空（每道题1分，共10分） 1. I walked around __________ (look) at the street art for a few hours. 2. The museum did a really good job of showing how America ______________(build) by immigrants from different countries and cultures. 3. The climate is mild all year round ___________(mean) it is always a good time to visit. 4. The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of _________ do not speak English fluently. 5. There are Chinese tea stores, ________ visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea. 6. I come to you，cautiously，___________（apology)for the damage I had indirectly caused 7.Remember，even world champion athletes practise their skills on a consistent___________ (base). 8.He stood up，________(hug）his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions get the better of him. 9.Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything_____ return. 10.A few students hesitated___________(start). They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. 第三节 填空短语（每道题1分，共10分） be attached to; be confident about; participate in; benefit from; figure out; in closing; as a result of; run out of; result in; provide for 1.Elaine wouldn’t let him 　　　　　　 her.  2.He is the man who 　　　　　　 the exhibition with you yesterday.  3.We 　　　　　　this house and hate to move.  4.　　　　　　, I’d like to say again how delighted we are to be in your country.  5.The accident last week 　　　　　　 the death of two passengers.  6.You will certainly get a promotion;I　　　　　　it.  7.So far those who 　　　　　　 practicing it sing high praise of it.  8.It didn’t take the children long to　　　　　　 the correct answer.  9.He has lost all his friends 　　　　　　his foolish behaviour.  10.You needn’t worry about　　　　　　 money.  第四部分：写作（共1节，满分15分） 46．你班正在举办以“我最喜欢的中国传统节日”为主题的班会活动。请以我最喜欢的中国传统节日为题，写一篇短文与大家分享。 内容包括：1.最喜欢的节日；2.节日简介；3.喜欢的原因。 注意：1.词数100字左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 The Traditional Chinese Festival I Like Best There are many traditional festivals in Chin. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第8页，共8页 试卷第7页，共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第2学期高一第2次月考英语答案A 1．A 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大英博物馆内的几个著名藏品及其历史文化意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Elgin Marbles: A Collection under debate”部分中“They were taken to Britain by Lord Elgin in the early 19th century, causing debate over whether they should be returned to Greece.(这些文物在19世纪初被埃尔金勋爵带到了英国，引发了关于它们是否应当归还希腊的争论)”可知，埃尔金大理石雕收藏品备受争议，因为它是由埃尔金勋爵在19世纪早期从希腊运走的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Rosetta Stone: A Key to the Past”部分中“Discovered in Egypt in 1799, the ancient stone was carved writings in three languages, helping expert understand the secrets of ancient Egyptian writing.(该古代石碑于1799年在埃及被发现，上面刻有三种语言的文字，这些文字帮助专家们揭示了古埃及文字的秘密)”及“The Egyptian Mummies: Secrets of the Afterlife”部分中“These well-preserved bodies offer valuable opportunity for people to better understand the culture of ancient Egypt.(这些保存完好的尸体为人们更好地了解古埃及文化提供了宝贵的机会)”可知，罗塞塔石碑和埃及木乃伊都代表埃及文明。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Explore the British Museum(探索大英博物馆)”及第一段“Let’s explore the wonders of the museum and start a journey through time and culture.(让我们探索博物馆的奇迹，开始穿越时间和文化的旅程)”可知，文章主要介绍了大英博物馆内的几个著名藏品及其历史文化意义，旨在吸引对历史和文化感兴趣的游客，故文章可能来自于一本旅游手册。故选A项。。 B 【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了快时尚因其易接近性和价格已经席卷了整个世界。然而，快时尚对环境并不友好。作者建议人们采取行动购买更环保的材料。 4．推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“As fast fashion grows, so does the environmental influence it leaves behind. (随着快速时尚的发展，它对环境的影响也在增长)”以及“These materials may appear safe to the eye, but they have a greater impact on the environment than most people believe.( 这些材料看起来可能是安全的，但它们对环境的影响比大多数人认为的要大。)”可知，从第一段我们能了解到快速时尚对环境有负面影响。故选B。 5．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Cotton planting, the process of putting the leaves of the cotton plants under the soil to grow new cotton, actually destroys the quality of the soil in which it is grown. Cotton production usually includes the use of fertilizers and pesticides, which not only pollute the soil, but also the water through polluted runoff. (棉花种植，即把棉花植物的叶子放入土壤中生长新棉的过程，实际上破坏了棉花生长的土壤质量。棉花生产通常包括化肥和杀虫剂的使用，它们不仅污染土壤，还通过受污染的径流污染水源。)”可知，从文章中可以推断出棉花种植使得土壤环境遭到破坏。故选C。 6．词义猜测题。文章第四段划线单词上文“Its whole production process sends unsafe gases into the air. Besides, once the polyester clothing is made, washing it sends microfibers into the environment, specifically in waterways. (它的整个生产过程向空气中排放不安全的气体。此外，一旦聚酯衣物制成，洗涤它会将微纤维释放到环境中，特别是水道中)”可知，聚酯衣物的生产和洗涤过程都会产生对环境有害的物质，划线单词所在句子是聚酯衣物制造和洗涤造成的结果：因此聚酯被认为是对环境最_____的材料之一。因此，可猜测第四段中带下划线的单词的意思是“危险”。故选D。 7．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Despite various companies making clothing out of unsafe materials, it’s up to you to put a stop to it. Try shopping for more environmentally friendly materials. (尽管各种各样的公司都在用不安全的材料制作衣服，但是你有责任去阻止它。尝试购买更环保的材料。)”可知，作者在最后一段试图呼吁人们采取行动。故选A。 C 【答案】8．C 9．C 10．D 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍民众和专家在“烹调前将生肉洗净”问题上的分歧，以及专家们的研究发现，这种做法是不可取的。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking.(Beejhy Barhany在以色列的一个埃塞俄比亚犹太人社区长大，从记事起就一直在为家人做饭。Barhany现在是纽约哈莱姆区Tsion Café咖啡馆的厨师和老板，他继续借鉴烹饪传统，包括近几十年来备受争议的一个传统：烹饪前清洗生肉。)”结合全文可知，本段主要功能是为了引出话题：人们在“烹调前将生肉洗净”这一事上存在较多分歧。故选C项。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of ‘washing’ required by Jewish Kosher rules. (对Barhany来说，将生鸡肉浸泡在盐和柠檬水中既有功能又有仪式意义，因为在盐水和酸(如柠檬汁或醋)中浸泡或冲洗生肉是犹太洁食规则要求的一种常见的“洗涤”方式。)”可知，犹太洁食规则会将生肉浸泡在放有盐、酸(如醋)的水中。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink. (它唯一能做的就是飞溅，并可能交叉污染你的厨房用品——你的水槽，可能是你的衣服，你水槽旁边的任何东西。)”可知，Betty认为烹调前将生肉洗净不但起不了作用，反而还会导致交叉感染。故选D项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. (2022年的一项研究表明，将肉浸入一碗水中可以减少溅起的水，但不能减少细菌的传播。)”以及“The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.(我们使肉类安全的方式是通过烹饪，而不是通过去除病原体。)”可知，在本段提到“biological hazard(生物危害)”是为了强调人们遵循的烹调前将生肉洗净的做法是不可取的。故选D项。 D 【答案】12．C 13．A 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了忌妒的普遍性并给出了处理这种情绪的建议。 12． 推理判断题。根据第一段的“The feeling of envy (忌妒) strikes at many moments these days: When a friend buys a house, or when a neighbor shares good news about their successful side project while you’re caught by sky-high debts, and when a co-worker gets a new job while your career has no progress. (如今，嫉妒的感觉在很多时候都会袭来：当一个朋友买了房子，或者当一个邻居在你被巨额债务缠身的时候分享他们成功的副业的好消息，当一个同事在你的事业没有进展的时候找到了一份新工作。)”可知，作者通过列举生活中可能引发嫉妒的具体情境来引入主题，如朋友购房、邻居成功项目分享以及同事获得新工作等例子。由此可推知，作者通过举例子的方式引出忌妒是一种普遍的情绪的主题。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Benign (良性的) envy, on the other hand, is when you wish you were in someone else’s position but don’t feel like tearing them down. That envy can inspire self-reflection and the motivation to set new goals. Research from Crusius has shown that marathon runners who were to experience benign envy also set higher goals for themselves, and tended to run faster in their races. (另一方面，善意的嫉妒是指你希望自己处于别人的位置，但又不想把他们打倒。这种嫉妒可以激发自我反思和设定新目标的动力。Crusius的研究表明，那些经历过善意嫉妒的马拉松选手也会为自己设定更高的目标，并倾向于在比赛中跑得更快。)”可知，良性嫉妒可以激发自我反思和设定新目标的动力，Crusius的研究也显示，体验到良性嫉妒的马拉松选手会为自己设定更高的目标，并且往往在比赛中跑得更快，这表明良性嫉妒能带来进步。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Rather than bottle up envy when it occurs, start by asking who inspires a mix of admiration and envy in your life. If they’ve achieved a particular milestone, investigate why you’re drawn to that achievement.The answer may point you on a more fulfilling path. Changing your thoughts helps you view someone as a model to catch up rather than an opponent (对手) to defeat, and helps you focus on what you can control. (与其在嫉妒发生时把它藏起来，不如先问问是谁在你的生活中激发了钦佩和嫉妒的混合。如果他们已经实现了一个特定的里程碑，调查一下你为什么会被这个成就所吸引。答案可能会让你走上一条更有成就感的道路。改变你的想法可以帮助你将某人视为追赶的榜样，而不是击败的对手，并帮助你专注于你能控制的事情。)”可知，面对嫉妒时，应该探究自己为何会被某人的成就所吸引，并指出这一答案可能会指引一条更令人满意的道路。同时，改变思维方式，将对方视为追赶的榜样而非要击败的对手，并专注于自己能控制的事情。由此可推知，这意在强调设定个人目标的重要性。故选A。 15．推理判断题。文章内容围绕嫉妒这一心理现象展开，探讨了嫉妒的不同类型及应对策略，提供了心理学家的观点和研究发现，因此本文最有可能出现在心理学杂志上。故选B。 七选五 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．D 19．G 20．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了朋友之间的情绪是互相影响的，比如如果你曾经心情愉快，然后遇到了一个脾气不好的朋友，你就会情绪低落，当你难过的时候，也许你朋友的活泼有助于缓解你的情绪。 16．上文“If you’ve ever been in a cheerful mood, then met up with a bad-tempered friend, you’ll know how infectious emotions can be. Before you know it, you realize that you’re feeling down too.(如果你曾经心情愉快，然后遇到一个脾气不好的朋友，你就会知道情绪是多么具有感染力。不知不觉，你意识到自己也情绪低落)”以及空后“When you’ve been sad, perhaps your friend’s liveliness has helped to lighten your mood.(当你难过的时候，也许你朋友的活力有助于缓解你的情绪)”说明朋友的情绪会影响我们。空处承上启下，前文表明朋友的坏情绪会让你情绪低落，下文说明当你情绪低落时，朋友的活力也会缓解你的情绪，前后文是转折关系，A项“幸运的是，它也可以反过来工作。”符合语境，表明情绪的影响是可以互相作用的。故选A。 17．上文“You might wonder who wins out—if you’re feeling happy and your friend is feeling sad, do you yield to their sadness or do they catch your happiness? Part of the answer is likely depending on their and your levels of expressiveness and receptiveness.(你可能会想，如果你感到快乐，而你的朋友感到悲伤，是你屈服于他们的悲伤，还是他们抓住了你的快乐?部分答案可能取决于他们和你的表达能力和接受能力)”说明个人受朋友的情绪影响取决于人们的表达能力和接受能力。空处顺接前文，回答第一句提出的问题。C项中的“emotionally expressive and impressionable they are”和上文中的“their and your levels of expressiveness and receptiveness”相呼应，表明每个人的情绪表达能力和易受影响程度各不相同。故选C。 18．上文“Likewise, if your friend is impressionable and more prone(有做...倾向的) to copying facial expressions, then they’ll be more likely to catch your smiles and start feeling happier.(同样，如果你的朋友易受影响，更容易模仿面部表情，那么他们更有可能捕捉到你的笑容，开始感到更快乐)”说明如果朋友更容易模仿面部表情，那么他们更容易受到你快乐的影响，说明面部表情是传播情绪的途径。D项中的“facial expressions”和上文中的“facial expressions”相呼应，“the only way for emotions to spread ”和下文中“spread through social media”相呼应，表明面部表情并不是情绪传播的唯一途径，下文举例“ For instance, there’s evidence that fear has a smell, and that smelling the sweat of an anxious person can initiate activity in parts of the brain involved in empathy (共情) and processing emotions.(例如，有证据表明恐惧有气味，闻到一个焦虑的人的汗味可以启动大脑中涉及移情和处理情绪的部分的活动。)”说明其它的情绪传播途径。故选D。 19．上文“Researchers have shown that emotions can spread through social media.(研究人员表明，情绪可以通过社交媒体传播)”说明情绪可以通过社交媒体传播。G项中的“posts”是属于社交媒体的一种，所以G项“接触到更多负面帖子的人更有可能自己发布负面消息。”符合语境，举例证明上面提到的观点。故选G。 20．上文“If and when you encounter an opposite emotion to your own, the experience will likely vary depending on how invested you are in that other person or people. (如果你遇到与自己相反的情绪，这种经历可能会因你对他人的付出程度而异)”说明付出的程度对影响他人的情绪有很大的作用。F项中的“如果你关心他们，你会更有动力在情感上转变，以适应他们的状态。”符合语境。该项中的“If you care about them”和前文中的“depending on how invested you are in that other person or people”相呼应。和下文并列例证解释前面提到的观点。故选F。 完型 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，讲述了四岁的狗Kob探测出了煤气泄露，拯救了整个社区的故事。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只狗的行为不仅拯救了它周围的环境，也强调了我们毛茸茸的朋友行为的重要性。A. matched匹配；B. beautified美化；C. saved拯救；D. explored探索。根据文章第一段“A four-year-old dog named Kob became a hero in its neighborhood by discovering a possibly life-threatening gas leak (泄漏) in its owner’s front yard.”可知，狗Kob发现了煤气泄露，拯救了周围的环境。故选C项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事始于28岁的香奈儿·贝尔(chanel Bell)养的Kob开始在院子里挖一个大洞。A. admitted承认；B. owned拥有；C. trained训练；D. cured治愈。根据“___22___by 28-year-old Chanell Bell”可知，这只狗是Chanell Bell养的，即，拥有的。故选B项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，贝尔认为这是典型的狗的行为，但随着洞越来越大，她开始担心。A. behavior行为；B. effort努力；C. appearance外貌；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“started digging a large hole in the yard”并根据常识可知，狗挖洞是典型的犬类行为。故选A项。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disappointed失望的；B. encouraged受到鼓舞的；C. confident自信的；D. concerned关心的，担忧的。根据“but as the hole grew larger”及后文“Recognizing that Kob’s actions were unusual”可知，but引起转折，Kob挖的洞过大了，所以引起了Bell的担忧。故选D项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近家里发生煤气泄漏后，香奈儿买了一个煤气检测工具。A. fearing害怕；B. avoiding避免；C. recording记录；D. experiencing经历。根据“a recent gas leak in her home”可知，Bell家最近才经历了一次煤气泄露。故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bought买；B. repaired修理；C. shared分享；D. researched研究。根据“After___25___a recent gas leak in her home”可知，由于之前煤气泄露过，Bell买了一个检测仪。故选A项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她凭直觉，用这个工具来检查Kob新挖的洞。A. decorate装饰；B. mark标志；C. fill填满；D. examine检查。根据“She followed her sense and chose to use the tool to”可知，Bell选择用检测仪来检测Kob挖的洞。故选D项。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：贝尔发现有气体从洞里冒出来，立即就此事联系了当局。A. secretly秘密地；B. obviously显然地；C. immediately立即；D. regularly规律地。根据“Finding gas coming out of the hole”可知，发现有气体泄露，Bell立刻联系了当局。故选C项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝尔说：“如果没有找到它，气体会继续流入我们的家中。”A. oil油；B. gas煤气；C. air空气；D. water水。根据“If it wasn’t found, the___29___would have continued to escape into our homes”可知，此处表示如果没有发现煤气，它会持续流入自己的家中。故选B项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知，它可能会造成严重的健康影响，比如呼吸问题、脑损伤，甚至死亡。A. serious严重的；B. extra其余的；C. special特别的；D. similar相似的。根据“like breathing issues, brain damage, and even___31___.”可知，煤气泄露会导致严重的健康影响。故选A项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. injury受伤；B. trouble麻烦；C. death死亡；D. failure失败。根据“like breathing issues, brain damage, and even”可知，严重的煤气泄露会导致死亡。故选C项。 32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们告诉我，像开灯这样简单的事情就可能导致爆炸！A. looking into调查；B. turning on打开；C. fixing up解决；D. breaking down出故障、瓦解。根据“a light could have caused a burst!”并结合常识可知，如果有煤气泄露，房屋密闭的情况下，打开灯，会引起爆炸。故选B项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在维修期间，工人们在贝尔所在的社区发现了三处主要的煤气泄漏，这是由设备老化引起的。A. missed想念、错过；B. changed改变；C. doubted怀疑；D. discovered发现。根据“During the repairs, workers___33___three main gas leaks in Bell’s neighborhood”可知，在检修的过程中，发现了三处爆裂点。故选D项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. services服务；B. design设计；C. equipment设备；D. places地方。根据“caused by aging”可知，此处是由于老化的设备引起的。故选C项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在整个维修过程中，工人们称赞Kob拯救了这个社区。A. praised表扬；B. inspired鼓舞；C. held举行；D. protected保护。根据“the workers___35___Kob for saving the neighborhood”可知，是Kob发现了煤气泄露，所以应该是表扬了Kob。故选A项。 语法 36．imaginary 37．abilities 38．are 39．particularly 40．including 41．a 42．which 43．themselves 44．are believed 45．to breathe 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了龙在中西方文化中的不同寓意。 36．考查形容词。句意：龙，一种著名的虚构神兽，经常出现在西方和东方的故事中。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词beast，故填imaginary。 37．考查名词复数。句意：他们拥有强大的力量，通常与魔法能力联系在一起。ability是可数名词，其前无限定词，应用名词复数形式泛指，故填abilities。 38．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，由于它们不同的文化根源和形象，在西方和东方，特别是在中国，对龙的看法有很大的不同。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语differences是名词复数，故填are。 39．考查副词。句意同上。空处作状语修饰后面的介词短语，应用副词形式，故填particularly。 40．考查介词。句意：它们通常具有其他动物的特征，包括鲤鱼、老虎和鹰。空处用介词including，意为“包括……在内”，故填including。 41．考查冠词。句意：在中国传统文化中，龙是幸运、权力和地位的象征。symbol是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 42．考查定语从句。句意：他们被认为是神圣的生物，作为四灵之首占有重要地位。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是creatures，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。 43．考查反身代词。句意：许多中国人将龙视为国家的象征，自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。空处和主语Many Chinese是同一指代对象，应用反身代词作宾语，故填themselves。 44．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它们被认为是被魔鬼改造的，有能力喷火或吐毒。主语They指代Dragons，和动词believe之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填are believed。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。ability后用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to breathe。 第三部分词汇考查（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 1. definitely 2. selected 3.immigrants 4.financial 5. diverse 6.analysis 7. towel 8. universe 9. mental 10. vehicle 11. permission 12.calm 13. hesitate 14. urge 15. intention 第二节 looking 2. was built 3. meaning 4. whom 5. where 6.to apologise/apologize 7.basis 8.hugged 9.in 10.to start 第三节 1.provide for　 2.participated in 3.are attached to　 4.In closing　 5.resulted in　 6.am confident about　 7.have benefited from　 8.figure out　 9.as a result of　 10.running out of 【答案】One possible version: The Traditional Chinese Festival I Like Best There are many traditional festivals in China. However, I like the Qingming Festival best. It is a festival which falls on either April 4 or 5, with a history of over 2,500 years. The Qingming Festival is a time of many different activities, among which the main ones are tomb-sweeping, spring-outing and kite-flying. It is a combination of sadness and happiness. In the south of China, people like to eat qingtuan when going on spring outings during the Qingming Festival. The reason why I like the festival is that I can have 3 days off and my family will get together. This day teaches us to honor our ancestors and respect the culture. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。考生班正在举办以“我最喜欢的中国传统节日”为主题的班会活动。请以我最喜欢的中国传统节日为题，写一篇短文与大家分享。 【详解】1.词汇积累 喜欢：like→be fond of 降临、发生：fall→take place 主要的：main→major 尊重：respect→esteem 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：This day teaches us to honor our ancestors and respect the culture. 拓展句：This day teaches us to honor our ancestors，respecting the culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a festival which falls on either April 4 or 5, with a history of over 2,500 years.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】The reason why I like the festival is that I can have 3 days off and my family will get together.（运用了why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$勤建学校2023-2024学年第2学期第2次月考 高一英语答题卡(B卷) 第三常分问江考在（其三节，端分35分》 第一节单司拼取据雀字母成者中文意思填写完整。等道题1分，我5分 2 3 5 考号 6. 7. 10. 年位号： 试室号 比处 12 13 14 贴杀形玛 用镀： 第二节单句卧法填空〔每道测1分，共10分》 名： 1, 2 3 6 10 以下为适样烟答思区（必用2B笔把对控题用的答案标号徐黑，否财答案无效） 7 第三节触译知语〔每道巡1分。其0分) 第一部分周读神解《其2节，共20小地：每小通25分。满分5知分) 3. 9 10. IAL[BI[CUD] 6图周gD)IAB]CD6图CDEE国G倒 (Al [BI[CID] 07A]BCID列12[4B]1CD 17ACD[国G 3IA][BI[CIID] 08[A]IBI ICIID]13[A]IBIICIIDI 18[A][BI [CI [D][EI[FJIG] 4aBC间D] 的A)B周CD 144BC间D I9AB周CDE国G 第四邻分写作（共1皆。满分15分） 5A网BCID 10A®周CD15BCD 9周何DEG倒 第一节家用义写作（满分15分） The Traditional Chinese Festival I Like Best There are my traditional festivals in China. 第三部分母言好司第一节完慰填空（共5小燃：每小思1分，裤分15分） 21[A][BI [CIIDI 26[A][BIICI ID]31AI[BIIC]D] 22AB周gD27周CD 拉周9D可 23A[BI[CI [D]28[A]B]CID] 3[4但周C网D可 24(AI[BI[CI[D] 29[A][B][CIID] 34[A1BIgD可 25A画gD[内B周阿D列 5[]国gD 路二节母法填学（共0小燃，每个思1.5分，满分15分》 36 37. 38. 39. 40. 41 42 43 共1奥，第1到