语法专题 专题12 并列复合句与主从复合句-【精彩三年】2024年中考英语语法专题配套PPT

语法专题 专题十二 并列复合句与主从复合句 目录 CONTENTS 在语境中体悟语法 在系统中梳理语法 01 02 03 在自测中提升语法 在语境中体悟语法 01 在语境中体悟语法 阅读下面短文，体会、领悟加黑从句的用法。 The most interesting museum that I have ever been to① is Zhejiang Science and Technology Museum. Do you wonder how rapidly technology has progressed？② Are you interested in what astronauts eat in space？③ Do you know if robots can play the drums or the guitar？④ If your answers are yes⑤， then you will like the museum. It's a large museum which has three floors with many different subjects.⑥ I think that there will be something for everyone.⑦ Before you visit the museum⑧， don't 在语境中体悟语法 forget to book the ticket. Hopefully, you can have a good time, and then give a report.⑨ [用法体悟] 1．句①⑥是________从句，均修饰名词______________。 2．句②③④⑦是________从句，连接词分别是_____________________， 从句语序为_____________。 3．句⑤⑧是__________从句， 引导词分别是_____________。 4．句⑨是________复合句，用连词________连接。 定语 museum 宾语 how，what，if，that 陈述句语序 状语 if，before 并列 and 在系统中梳理语法 02 在系统中梳理语法 一、并列复合句 并列复合句是指由并列连词(and、so、but、or等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 在系统中梳理语法 二、主从复合句 主从复合句是指由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。在主从复合句中，从句一般都以连词开头。初中阶段常见的主从复合句有宾语从句、状语从句(时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、方式等状语从句)、关系从句等。 在系统中梳理语法 (一)宾语从句 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。 在系统中梳理语法 在系统中梳理语法 在系统中梳理语法 注意： 1．如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 Our physics teacher told us light travels faster than sound last term. 2．Could you tell me．..？及Would you tell me．..？等句式并不是表示过去的动作，而是表示请求时委婉的语气，所以宾语从句不一定用过去时态，而应用相应的某种时态。 Could you tell me where the bank is? 在系统中梳理语法 3．当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时，从句的否定词需转移到主句。 I don't__think he will__come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 在系统中梳理语法 (二)状语从句 1．在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句根据从句表达的意思可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、目的、方式、比较和让步状语从句。   类型 引导连词 例句 时间 while, when, as, as soon as, until, not．..until, before, after, since I was doing my homework while my father was cooking. I waited until he came back. 地点 where, wherever Wherever you go in Shanghai, you can see many tall buildings. 原因 because, since, as She was absent from class today because she is ill. 在系统中梳理语法 条件 if，unless, as long as I shall go there unless it rains.(＝I shall go there if it doesn't rain.) 结果 so．..that，such．..that He told us such funny stories that we all laughed. 目的 so that，in order that We left early so__that we could catch the first train. 方式 as，as if/though Do it as he does. 比较 than，as．..as，　not as/so．..as Tom works harder than any other student in his class. 让步 though，although，even though Though he is young, he knows a lot. 在系统中梳理语法 2. 状语从句的时态 (1)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句时态是一般将来时或主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，从句用一般现在时。 ①I'll__visit the Great Wall if it doesn't__rain tomorrow. (主将从现) ②Don't__play football if you don't__finish your homework.(主祈从现) ③He cannot__turn himself into a man unless he hides his tail.(主情从现) (2)在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句时态是现在完 在系统中梳理语法 成时，从句则用一般过去时。 Uncle Wang has__worked in the factory since it opened in 1995. (3)在when引导的时间状语从句中，动词可用延续性或非延续性动词，而while引导的时间状语从句中的动词用延续性或表示状态的动词。 ①The teacher was__telling us a story when the bell rang. ②They came in while we were__reading books. 在系统中梳理语法 3．such．..that．..和so．..that．..的区别 such修饰名词，so修饰形容词或副词，但当名词前有many或much修饰时，用so。 ①We have so__much time that we can finish the task well. ②It is such__an__interesting__book that I can't put it down.＝It is so__interesting__a__book that I can't put it down. 在系统中梳理语法 (三)关系从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作关系从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。关系从句一般位于先行词的后面，关系从句由关系代词[that，which，who(宾格whom，所有格whose)]和关系副词(where，when，why)引导。关系代词和关系副词在关系从句中充当句子成分。(课标要求：关系从句亦称“定语从句”，能辨认出由关系代词that、 which, who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句意)。 在系统中梳理语法 1．关系代词的用法 (1)that在从句中作主语或宾语，指物或指人。作宾语时常可省略。 ①Do you still remember the man (that) we visited some years ago？(作宾语) ②The girl that is playing the piano is David's sister. (作主语) ③Is there anything (that) you don't understand？(作宾语) (2)which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。作宾语时常可省略。 在系统中梳理语法 ①The train which was going to Beijing was late. (作主语) ②The book (which) I like best is a gift from my mother. (作宾语) (3)who在从句中作主语或宾语(有时用whom)，指人。作宾语时常可省略，但在“介词＋whom”中，whom不可省略。 ①The boy (who/whom)she is talking with is my brother. (作宾语) ＝The boy with__whom she is talking is my brother. ②I love the singers who write their own songs. (作主语) 在系统中梳理语法 2．关系代词that的特殊用法 只用that不能用which的情况： (1)当先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等代词时，只能用that。 We should do all__that is useful to the people. (2)当先行词被every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，只能用that。 You can take any__seat__that is free. 在系统中梳理语法 (3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词修饰时，只能用that。 This is the__last__place__that I want to visit. (4)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that。 ①This is the__best__novel__that I have read. ②The__first__thing__that we should do is to get some food. (5)当先行词同时含有人和物时，只能用that。 We talked about the__things__and__persons__that we were interested in. 在系统中梳理语法 (6)当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用that。 Which is the book that he bought yesterday? 在自测中提升语法 03 在自测中提升语法 Ⅰ.用适当的引导词或关系词填空。 1．Many more people could afford the books __________________were produced on a printing press. 2．When Katy's friend asked her ________________ she'd like to try running, she said “yes”． 3．“How rude！” she shouted. “Young man, don't you know that you should raise your hat_______________ you meet a lady？” 4．I believe the time when we played online chess together was so great that/which if/whether when/as/if 在自测中提升语法 __________both of us will never forget. 5．When I finish, I know __________ I'm going to do. I want to work for an organization like the Red Cross. 6．Nobody knows_________ it will finish its journey. It might be longer than expected. 7．My cousin became a country doctor _________ he finished medical school. 8．At the meeting, the managers kept arguing about the problem that what when after 在自测中提升语法 _____________ they reached an agreement. 9．We won't believe it ____________ we see it with our own eyes. 10．—Could you please tell me _________ Mr. Brown went to Beijing? —Yes. He went there by plane. 11．Mr.Brown is a teacher _____________is strict with all his students. 12．She can put the laptop anywhere in the house____________it is small and doesn't take up much room. until/till unless how who/that because 在自测中提升语法 13．For example, we weren't allowed to start our meal __________ the oldest person had started. 14．______ we don't protect the environment well, we'll be punished sooner or later. 15．Time had passed by fast __________ I realized it was already 3：00 a．m. 16．______________________ he has not played with his toys for a long time, he still would like to keep them. 17．For more than 2，000 years, doctors recorded __________ they found in books. until If Although/Though what before 在自测中提升语法 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．While we ______________(eat) breakfast, Claudio went upstairs to collect his things. I suddenly heard him calling my name. 2．His achievements were so great that he _______________ (call) the “father of hybrid rice” and won the World Food Prize. 3．Excuse me, could you please tell me when the band __________(begin) playing on weekends? were eating was called begins 在自测中提升语法 4．—I am going to the party. —If you do, you ____________ (have) a great time. 5．They have been friends since they first ________ (meet). will have met 在自测中提升语法 Ⅲ.语法填空。 It is believed that the earliest chopsticks were developed over 5，000 years ago in China. Metal(金属) chopsticks 1.______________(appear) in the Spring and Autumn Period. Today 2.______(us) have chopsticks made of different materials(材料). In ancient times, the rich 3.__________(usual) used hard green stone or gold chopsticks to show their wealth. It was said that silver chopsticks would turn black if they touched poisonous(有毒的) food, so in history appeared we usually 在自测中提升语法 many kings used them to see 4._______________ the food was bad for them or not. In China, chopsticks are often given to a daughter 5._________ she marries to hope that they will have a child very soon, 6.______________ the word “chopstick” in Chinese is pronounced like “quick child”. People often believe chopsticks mean good luck. 7.________ on the first day of a new year, many families will put new chopsticks on the table at dinner 8._____________(wish) good luck. whether when because/for So to wish 在自测中提升语法 It's believed that using chopsticks at dinner is very 9.___________ (help) to make your fingers do everything freely. It can improve memory, too. Now many Westerners prefer chopsticks 10.______ knives and forks. helpful to 感谢聆听，再见！ $$