精品解析：天津市河西区2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

河西区2023-2024学年第二学期高二期末质量调查 英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 (满分75分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1 What was the man doing when the phone rang? A. Taking a shower. B. Cleaning the floor. C. Doing the laundry. 2. How long can the man keep the book? A. For three weeks. B. For two weeks. C. For one week. 3. What will the speakers do first? A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch the dolphin show. C. See the elephants. 4. “Why is the man happy? A. He got a good evaluation. B. He received an award for his work. C. He learned some interpersonal skills. 5. What are the speakers talking about in general? A. A musician. B. A present for Molly. C. ACD of Johnny Holden. 第二节 听下面几段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听第下面一段对话，回答第6至8题。 6. Who is the woman? A A policewoman. B. A doctor. C. The man’s classmate. 7. What is the man worried about? A. His broken arm. B. The coming exams. C. The wound in his leg. 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In the street. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11题。 9. How long has Louise been working at the center? A. About six months. B. About one year. C. About two years. 10. What does Louise enjoy doing most about working with children? A. Seeing them have a lot of fun. B. Thinking of new things for them to do. C. Helping the less able ones achieve more. 11. What does Louise say about working at night? A. It’s a necessary part of the job. B. It’s something that she enjoys. C. It’s unfair for her to do it. 听下面一段独白，回第12至15题。 12. What is the exhibition about this year? A. Star posters. B Railway posters. C. Holiday posters. 13. How long will the exhibition last a day? A. Seven hours. B. Six hours. C. Five hours. 14. What does the speaker suggest people do? A. Watch Alan Brown’s films on TV. B. Get tickets for the exhibition in advance. C. Book seats for The Rose Garden immediately. 15. Where can people make a reservation for Detective in the Shadows? A. At Town Hall. B. At the Arts Center Cinema. C. At the Tourist Center. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：单项填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree. —Sounds great! . A. It all depends B. Never mind C. Go for it D. No way 2. Through perseverance and hard work, she soon acquired a(n) as a first-class cook. A. elegance B. prospect C. affection D. reputation 3. The police tried to push the door open to rescue the girl but in vain. Thus, they force to open it. A. employed B. trembled C. withdrew D. enhanced 4. The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing _____ should have attracted the government’s attention. A solved B. solving C. to solve D. being solved 5. A poor diet will _______ lead to illness, so you ought to pay attention to what you eat. A. superficially B. sincerely C. instinctively D. ultimately 6. ——This collection of Zhang’s paintings is amazing! —Definitely. He his visit to the famous mountain in 1931 and the paintings show his homesickness. A. is crammed with B. seeks solutions to C. gets distracted by D. draws inspiration from 7. —Has anything been decided yet? -No, we’re still the advantages and disadvantages of the two options. A. putting off B. weighing up C. turning down D. passing up 8. Silent Spring, a book written by Rachel Carson, not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves again today. A. to read B. being read C. to be read D. having read 9. A good commercial, people attach positive meanings, can contribute greatly to the sales of a product. A. to which B. for which C. of which D. on which 10. Bravery doesn’t mean doing something you are good at but means you insist on doing it _____ you feel scared. A. now that B. even if C. in case D. as if 11. —Did Rachel see her old friends at the party yesterday? —Yes, she did. She them for a long time and she was overjoyed at the reunion. A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen 12. —Why didn’t you inform me today’s meeting was called off? —If I was told in advance, I all the way here through the heavy rain. A. couldn’t have driven B. should have driven C. needn’t have driven D. must have driven 13. himself to observations of the natural phenomena, Thoreau recorded his detailed findings in his journals. A. Devoted B. Devoting C. Devote D. To devote 14. It is recognised that communication skills have become it takes to be a teacher. A. that B. how C. whether D. what 15. Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 第二节：完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I’ve read lots of stories about family memories. In those stories, I’ve found voice of sadness and longing. It’s true that so much in our daily lives makes us ____16____ all the time. We find ourselves with less and less time to spend with our families and friends. I’ve had the same ____17____ myself. I used to have good times with my grandfather when we lived together. When I was very young, I often enjoyed spending time in his garden, watching the flowers and watering the fruit trees. But as I grew up, I ____18____became “selfish”. Once, when I was 6, we went shopping together. As we took the wrong bus and ended up getting ____19____, unable to find our way back, I couldn’t stay ____20____ and shouted rudely in his face. I was so stubborn that I wouldn’t say sorry ____21____ returning home, thinking I had done nothing wrong. Now I ____22____ how ridiculous I was at the time! And I also realize how ____23____ it was when I finally admitted I was wrong! When I truly wanted to express my ____24____, my grandfather had left us _____25_____, leaving me with no more chance to _____26_____ my mistake. I couldn’t _____27_____ say to him the three words — “I am sorry”. We are spending more and more time outside, with less and less time to _____28_____ with our families at home. So _____29_____ the most of every second you have with your loved ones, because time _____30_____ going, waiting for no one. 16. A. crazy B. easy C. busy D. angry 17. A. adventure B. research C. exploration D. experience 18. A. frequently B. rarely C. gradually D. finally 19. A. confused B. lost C. hurt D. puzzled 20. A. calm B. awake C. firm D. happy 21. A. while B. unless C. until D. after 22. A. learn B. imagine C. realize D. agree 23. A. early B. late C. nice D. guilty 24. A. concern B. worry C. opinion D. regret 25. A. forever B. somehow C. alone D. instead 26. A. care about B. apologize for C. think of D. put away 27. A. again B. often C. even D. still 28. A. spare B. save C. take D. kill 29. A. follow B. receive C. divide D. make 30. A. needs B. keeps C. delays D. stops 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Better China Trip aims to be a bridge for you in China. Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service. We can also try to assist you in answering any questions you might have with your business in China. For sightseers, we aim to ensure you see the highlights of any particular city or location you want to visit. You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you. You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up. You can also register your personal information, and book any service you need. The following are our services that you can order. We have Beijing car rental, Beijing van(货车) rental, and Beijing driver services. Better China Trip provides car rental services in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Guilin, etc. Services available: 1. Car, van and bus rental for business/shopping/sightseeing. 2. Translators and interpreters from Chinese to English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Italian, Russian, etc. 3. Beijing airport transfers(pick-up and drop-off). 4. Hotel and air or train tickets booking. 5. Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc. 6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc. 7. Health care: traditional Chinese massage(按摩), foot massage, body massage. 8. Experiencing local Beijing Hutong life by tricycle. Contact us: You can visit our website at: www.betterchinatrip.com. Tel: 010 84026538(within China); 008610 84026538(outside China); Email: bctrip01@gmail.com MSN(Microsoft service Network):bctrip01@gmail.com 31. Whom will Better China Trip serve mainly? A. The citizens who live or work in Beijing. B. Whoever has language difficulty in China. C. Whoever travels or does business in China. D. The athletes coming to Beijing for big games. 32. What does the underlined word “itinerary” probably mean? A. Living condition. B. A plan for a journey. C. A perfect working plan. D. A shopping arrangement. 33. When is the best time for you to contact the service company? A. Before you set out. B. When you arrive in Beijing. C. When you have any trouble. D. After you start your travel. 34. With the help of the company you can get the service of _______. A getting a passport to go abroad B. tour guides who speak many languages C. driving you to any place at any time D. getting the tickets to a Kungfu show 35. We can learn from this passage that _______. A. this passage probably comes from a car magazine B. you can visit places of interest with expert tour guides C. you can ride a tricycle to any tourist attraction in Beijing D. Better China Trip only provides car rental services in Beijing B Hita Gupta used to volunteer at a nursing home, trying to brighten the days of the residents. Now she spreads sunshine far and wide. As a15-year-old sophomore(高二学生) at Conestoga High School, Hita has created a nonprofit organization that specializes in bringing cheer to socially isolated seniors. Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags(礼包) with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadelphia-area nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states. Hita has since widened the scope(范围) of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding army of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones. “We’ve been able to reach so many seniors-who are among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,” Hita said. Hita’s project has lifted spirits at the Genesis Wayne Center, according to Kaylee Nichols, the facility’s director. “It’s impressive to see a high school student take that kind of initiative,” Nichols said. “That generation, they normally don’t think about seniors.” Hita was motivated to take action when officials at the nursing home where she used to volunteer said that she couldn’t visit anymore because of the corona virus outbreak. It made her determined to do something else to try to help. She started the Go Fund Me page, expanded the foundation’s website and began organizing volunteers from around the country to write cards or make videos for nursing home residents, who have been the most severely impacted by COVID-19. Hita also expanded her project to include the acquisition(收购)and distribution of smart devices to nursing homes and long-term care facilities. “I'm very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,” her mother, Swait, wrote in an email. Hita said her foundation's name was a reflection of her determination to chase away doubt and depression for folks in need. “I thought of the sun,” Gupta said. “I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bring joy to them.” 36. What is the main aim of Hita’s Brighten A Day project? A. To raise funds for nursing homes. B. To deliver care to seniors at nursing homes. C. To teach seniors to communicate effectively. D. To facilitate the development of the nursing industry. 37. What can we learn about the Brighten A Day project from the text? A. It started in Hawaii and then expanded to other states. B. It is supported by volunteers across the country. C. It encourages seniors to use smart devices less. D. It offers its donors a special goodie bag. 38. How does Hita Gupta’s family feel about her efforts? A. Surprised. B. Frustrated. C. Supportive. D. Disappointed. 39. What does her foundation’s name mean? A. It shows her resolution to get rid of people's sad feeling. B. It's a reflection of her decision to expand her project. C. It mirrors her doubt to bring joy to people in need. D. It is the public image of her project. 40. What can we learn from Hita’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. Free care facilities for seniors are necessary. C. Smiling means getting personal desires satisfied. D. Bringing spiritual pleasure to the elderly is meaningful. C Should we focus on our goal, or on the process? What happened to Brenda Martinez, a US Olympic runner, may provide us with the answer. She lost her balance in the 800-meter run and failed to qualify for the Olympics. Instead of focusing on her failure, she prepared to win in the next race. “I just quickly let go of what happened in the 800m and got back to my routine, to focusing on all the little things I could do that would give me the best chance of running well later in the week,” she told New York Magazine. She said it was this mindset that led to her winning third place in the 1500-meter race about a week later to qualify for the Olympics in Rio. Instead of attaching herself to the goal of making the Olympic team, she concentrated on the process. There is a problem with setting goals. Researchers from Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania and Northwestern found that overemphasizing goals based on measurable outcomes often leads to risk-taking, unethical (不道德的) behavior and reduced motivation. Their results were published in a Harvard Business School report titled Goals Gone Wild: The Systematic Side Effects of Over-Prescribing Goal Setting. When you become overly focused on achieving the goal, you may lose sight of your original purpose for accomplishing the goal in the first place. Another danger is actually completing the goal without setting a plan for what’s next. For example, some marathon runners experience what’s called the “post-race blues”. Achieving your goal may cause you to drop the good habits that got you there in the first place. Dieters often experience this in what’s called “yo-yo dieting” when they drop down to a desired weight, but then gain all the weight back when they resume (重新开始) their bad habits. “After you set a goal, it’s best to shit your focus from the goal itself to the process that gives you the best chance of achieving it and to judge yourself based on how well you complete that process,” columnist Brad Stulberg wrote on the website The Cut. Ultimately, changing your attention from goals to process will cause you to achieve little victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals. Amy Cuddy, a Harvard Business School psychology professor, wrote that focusing on this process “leaves you with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment, regardless of the measurable outcome”. 41. Why is Brenda Martinez’s experience mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. To show opportunity favors the prepared mind. B. To describe how important it is to set big goals. C. To suggest learning from failure can bring success. D. To show how focusing on the process can lead to success. 42. According to Paragraph 3, overemphasizing goals could bring about________. A. the use of unfair means B. ignoring the whole picture C. overestimating the setbacks D. being stressed by the risks involved 43. With the examples in Paragraph 4, the author intends to show that________. A. we can’t focus on the goal too much B. we must keep in mind why we set the goal C. we should resume our habits when completing the goal D. we should accept it is normal to feel down after success 44. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. Ways of judging a goal. B. Ways to set long-term goals. C. The best chance of achieving goals. D. Benefits of focusing on the process. 45. The author supports his view ________. A. by making a comparison B. by reasoning with examples C. by giving statistics D. by doing an experiment 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (满分25分) 第一节：阅读表达 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Herman Cruse, a school bus driver from New Jersey, has been with Middle Township Public Schools for the past nine years. He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears of students when they're away from home and they have a gift to discern what kids are feeling. During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn't able to complete his reading assignment because his parents were busy with his four siblings (兄弟姐妹). An idea suddenly crossed Cruse's mind. “Listen, if you don't mind, I'd like to come to the school and read with you. ”he said. After receiving permission from the boy's teacher, Alex Bakley, Cruse showed up at her classroom the following week. When he walked in, the boy shouted proudly, “Hey, that's my bus driver!”They went into a quiet corner and began reading together. Later, a second student wanted to read with him, then a third. All the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” Cruse now volunteers to help kindergarten students with reading two days a week, and on a third day, he instructs the school's first-and second-graders. After dropping the kids off at school, of course. Every child looks up to Cruse, both on and off the school bus. “Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard. ”said Bakley. For Cruse, what started out as a way to kill time has now developed into a way to make a difference in the heart of a child. He used to go to the gym or library after delivering students to schools. It wasn't until he offered to help the boy on the bus that he realized there was something more rewarding he could be doing. It's a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them. 46. What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1? (1 word) ____________________________________________________________ 47. Why did the boy on the bus look a little upset? (no more than 11 words) ____________________________________________________________ 48. What help does Cruse offer after delivering students to schools? (no more than 12 words) ____________________________________________________________ 49. Why does Cruse think his voluntary work is rewarding according to the last paragraph? (no more than 16 words) ____________________________________________________________ 50. Who's “a bright light” in your life? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达 (满分15分) 51. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中华优秀传统文化感兴趣，并请你给他推荐一本中国名著。请你用英文给Jim回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.该名著的基本信息（书名、作者）； 2.该名著的主要内容； 3.推荐该名著的理由。 注意： 1.词数100词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 听力答案：1-5 AABAB 6-10CBBCC 11-15 ABACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 河西区2023-2024学年第二学期高二期末质量调查 英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 (满分75分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What was the man doing when the phone rang? A. Taking a shower. B. Cleaning the floor. C. Doing the laundry. 2. How long can the man keep the book? A. For three weeks. B. For two weeks. C. For one week. 3. What will the speakers do first? A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch the dolphin show. C. See the elephants. 4. “Why is the man happy? A. He got a good evaluation. B. He received an award for his work. C. He learned some interpersonal skills. 5. What are the speakers talking about in general? A. A musician. B. A present for Molly. C. ACD of Johnny Holden. 第二节 听下面几段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听第下面一段对话，回答第6至8题。 6. Who is the woman? A A policewoman. B. A doctor. C. The man’s classmate. 7. What is the man worried about? A. His broken arm. B. The coming exams. C. The wound in his leg. 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In the street. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11题。 9. How long has Louise been working at the center? A. About six months. B. About one year. C. About two years. 10. What does Louise enjoy doing most about working with children? A. Seeing them have a lot of fun. B. Thinking of new things for them to do. C. Helping the less able ones achieve more. 11. What does Louise say about working at night? A. It’s a necessary part of the job. B. It’s something that she enjoys. C. It’s unfair for her to do it. 听下面一段独白，回第12至15题。 12. What is the exhibition about this year? A. Star posters. B Railway posters. C. Holiday posters. 13. How long will the exhibition last a day? A. Seven hours. B. Six hours. C. Five hours. 14. What does the speaker suggest people do? A. Watch Alan Brown’s films on TV. B. Get tickets for the exhibition in advance. C. Book seats for The Rose Garden immediately. 15. Where can people make a reservation for Detective in the Shadows? A. At Town Hall. B. At the Arts Center Cinema. C. At the Tourist Center. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：单项填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree. —Sounds great! . A. It all depends B. Never mind C. Go for it D. No way 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我在考虑回学校再拿一个学位。——听上去太棒了！大胆去做吧。A. It all depends依情况而定；B. Never mind没关系；C. Go for it大胆去做吧；D. No way没门。根据上下句句意可知，此处为短语Go for it“大胆去做吧”。故选C项。 2. Through perseverance and hard work, she soon acquired a(n) as a first-class cook. A. elegance B. prospect C. affection D. reputation 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过坚持不懈的努力，她很快就获得了一流厨师的声誉。A. elegance优雅；B. prospect前景；C. affection爱慕；D. reputation声誉。根据“as a first-class cook”可知，此处是指获得了一流厨师的声誉。故选D。 3. The police tried to push the door open to rescue the girl but in vain. Thus they force to open it. A. employed B. trembled C. withdrew D. enhanced 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察试图推开门去救那个女孩，但没有成功。因此，他们使用武力来打开它。A.employed使用；B.trembled颤抖；C.withdrew撤回；D.enhanced增强。根据“force to open it”可知，此处是指使用武力打开它。故选A。 4. The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing _____ should have attracted the government’s attention. A. solved B. solving C. to solve D. being solved 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：我们期待解决的交通问题本应该引起政府的重视。本句中定语从句we are looking forward to seeing修饰先行词the traffic problem，关系代词that/which（此处已省略）指代先行词作为动词see的宾语，与solve构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词solved做宾语补足语，即构成see sth. done的结构，综上应选A。 5. A poor diet will _______ lead to illness, so you ought to pay attention to what you eat. A. superficially B. sincerely C. instinctively D. ultimately 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不良的饮食习惯最终会导致疾病，所以你应该注意你的饮食。A. superficially表面地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. instinctively本能地；D. ultimately最终。结合语境可知，此处指不良饮食习惯的结果，即“最终”会导致疾病，ultimately符合句意。故选D。 6. ——This collection of Zhang’s paintings is amazing! —Definitely. He his visit to the famous mountain in 1931 and the paintings show his homesickness. A. is crammed with B. seeks solutions to C. gets distracted by D draws inspiration from 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——张的这组画作真是令人惊叹！——确实如此。他1931年访问这座名山的经历给了他灵感，这些画作展现了他的思乡之情。A. is crammed with挤满；B. seeks solutions to寻求解决办法；C. gets distracted by因……而分心；D. draws inspiration from从……中汲取灵感。空格处应表达“从……中汲取灵感”，故用draws inspiration from，说明他创作的灵感来源。故选D。 7. —Has anything been decided yet? -No, we’re still the advantages and disadvantages of the two options. A. putting off B. weighing up C. turning down D. passing up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——决定了吗？——不，我们还在权衡这两种选择的利弊。A. putting off推迟；B. weighing up权衡；C. turning down拒绝；D. passing up错过。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语weighing up“权衡”。故选B项。 8. Silent Spring, a book written by Rachel Carson, not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves again today. A. to read B. being read C. to be read D. having read 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动结构。句意：雷切尔·卡森写的《寂静的春天》不仅改变了世界；半个世纪后的今天，它仍然是一本值得再次阅读的书。此处为动词短语deserve to do sth“值得做某事”，逻辑主语a book和read为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动结构。故选C项。 9. A good commercial, people attach positive meanings, can contribute greatly to the sales of a product. A. to which B. for which C. of which D. on which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配、定语从句。句意：一则好的商业广告，人们对其赋予积极的意义，可以极大地促进产品的销售。attach...to为固定搭配，意思是“把……附上于……”。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是commercial“商业广告”，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作to的宾语，定语从句中应用“介词to + which”来引导。故选A。 10. Bravery doesn’t mean doing something you are good at but means you insist on doing it _____ you feel scared. A. now that B. even if C. in case D. as if 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：勇敢并不意味着做你擅长的事情，而是即使你感到害怕也坚持去做。A. now that既然；B. even if即使；C. in case以防；D. as if好像。根据句意，这里要表达的是“勇敢意味着即使你感到恐惧也坚持去做”；设空处应填even if“即使”，引导让步状语从句。故选B。 11. —Did Rachel see her old friends at the party yesterday? —Yes, she did. She them for a long time and she was overjoyed at the reunion. A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：——瑞秋昨天在聚会上见到她的老朋友了吗？——是的。她很长时间没有见到他们了，她对这次重聚感到非常高兴。根据“and she was overjoyed at the reunion”可知，此处描述发生在过去之前的事情，应用过去完成时。故选D。 12. —Why didn’t you inform me today’s meeting was called off? —If I was told in advance, I all the way here through the heavy rain. A. couldn’t have driven B. should have driven C. needn’t have driven D. must have driven 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——你为什么不通知我今天的会议取消了？——如果事先告诉我，我就不必冒着大雨一路开车到这里来了。A. couldn’t have driven不可能开车；B. should have driven本应该开车；C. needn’t have driven本不必开车；D. must have driven肯定已经开车。根据“If I was told in advance”可知，此处是指不必冒着大雨一路开车到这里来。故选C。 13. himself to observations of the natural phenomena, Thoreau recorded his detailed findings in his journals. A. Devoted B. Devoting C. Devote D. To devote 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于观察自然现象，梭罗在日记中详细记录了他的发现。devote oneself to sth./doing sth.“致力于；投身于”；“(devote) himself to observations of the natural phenomena”在句中作状语，devote(献身；致力)与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故选B项。 14. It is recognised that communication skills have become it takes to be a teacher. A. that B. how C. whether D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：人们认识到，沟通技巧已经成为成为一名教师所需要的。 “__it takes to be a good doctor”是表语从句，从句中缺少takes的宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，故用连接代词what来引导。故选D。 15. Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：去年四月，由于火山灰层，成千上万的游客滞留在国外。本句已有谓语remained且无连词，动词stick (滞留)用非谓语形式，逻辑主语holidaymakers与动词stick是动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作表语，表状态，故选B。 第二节：完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I’ve read lots of stories about family memories. In those stories, I’ve found voice of sadness and longing. It’s true that so much in our daily lives makes us ____16____ all the time. We find ourselves with less and less time to spend with our families and friends. I’ve had the same ____17____ myself. I used to have good times with my grandfather when we lived together. When I was very young, I often enjoyed spending time in his garden, watching the flowers and watering the fruit trees. But as I grew up, I ____18____became “selfish”. Once, when I was 6, we went shopping together. As we took the wrong bus and ended up getting ____19____, unable to find our way back, I couldn’t stay ____20____ and shouted rudely in his face. I was so stubborn that I wouldn’t say sorry ____21____ returning home, thinking I had done nothing wrong. Now I ____22____ how ridiculous I was at the time! And I also realize how ____23____ it was when I finally admitted I was wrong! When I truly wanted to express my ____24____, my grandfather had left us _____25_____, leaving me with no more chance to _____26_____ my mistake. I couldn’t _____27_____ say to him the three words — “I am sorry”. We are spending more and more time outside, with less and less time to _____28_____ with our families at home. So _____29_____ the most of every second you have with your loved ones, because time _____30_____ going, waiting for no one. 16. A. crazy B. easy C. busy D. angry 17. A. adventure B. research C. exploration D. experience 18. A. frequently B. rarely C. gradually D. finally 19. A. confused B. lost C. hurt D. puzzled 20. A. calm B. awake C. firm D. happy 21. A. while B. unless C. until D. after 22. A. learn B. imagine C. realize D. agree 23. A. early B. late C. nice D. guilty 24. A. concern B. worry C. opinion D. regret 25. A. forever B. somehow C. alone D. instead 26. A. care about B. apologize for C. think of D. put away 27. A. again B. often C. even D. still 28. A. spare B. save C. take D. kill 29. A. follow B. receive C. divide D. make 30. A. needs B. keeps C. delays D. stops 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者小时候因为自己的固执做错事不肯道歉，直到爷爷去世，作者才知错但是已经失去了和爷爷道歉的机会的故事。告诉我们要多花时间和家人朋友在一起。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，在我们的日常生活中，有太多的事情让我们一直很忙。A. crazy疯狂的；B. easy简单的；C. busy忙碌的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“We find ourselves with less and less time to spend with our families and friends.”提到发现自己花在家人和朋友身上的时间越来越少，由此可推知，此处应表示有太多的事情让我们一直很忙。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己也有过同样的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. research研究；C. exploration探索；D. experience经历。根据上文提到的发现自己花在家人和朋友身上的时间越来越少，以及下文“We are spending more and more time outside, with less and less time to ____13____ with our families at home.”提到与家人在一起的时间越来越少，由此可知，此处应表示作者自己也有过同样的经历。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但随着我的成长，我逐渐变得“自私”。A. frequently频繁地；B. rarely罕见地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. finally最终。根据句意以及上文“But as I grew up”由此可知，此处应表示随着成长，作者逐渐变得“自私”。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们坐错了车，结果迷路了，找不到回去的路，我无法保持冷静，对着他粗鲁地大喊大叫。A. confused使困惑；B. lost迷路；C. hurt伤害；D. puzzled使困惑。根据下文“unable to find our way back”提到找不到回去的路，由此可知，此处应表示作者他们迷路了。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们坐错了车，结果迷路了，找不到回去的路，我无法保持冷静，对着他粗鲁地大喊大叫。A. calm镇静；B. awake醒着的；C. firm坚定的；D. happy快乐的。根据下文“and shouted rudely in his face.”提到粗鲁地大喊大叫，由此可知，此处应表示作者无法保持冷静。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我很固执，回家后不道歉，认为我没有做错什么。A. while当……时候；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。根据下文“returning home, thinking I had done nothing wrong.”由此可知，此处应表示作者回家后不道歉，认为自己没有做错什么。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我意识到我当时是多么可笑！A. learn学习；B. imagine想象；C. realize意识到；D. agree同意。根据下文“how ridiculous I was at the time!”可知，此处应表示作者现在意识到自己当时是多么可笑。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也意识到，当我终于承认自己错了的时候，已经太晚了！A. early早；B. late晚；C. nice好的；D. guilty内疚的。根据下文“my grandfather had left us ____10____, leaving me with no more chance to ____11____ my mistake.”提到祖父的去世，由此可推知，此处应表示当作者终于承认自己错了的时候，已经太晚了。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我真正想表达我的懊悔时，我的祖父已经永远离开了我们，让我没有更多的机会为我的错误道歉。A. concern关心；B. worry担心；C. opinion观点；D. regret懊悔。根据上文提到的当作者终于承认自己错了的时候，已经太晚了，由此可知，此处应表示作者想表达自己的懊悔。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我真正想表达我的懊悔时，我的祖父已经永远离开了我们，让我没有更多的机会为我的错误道歉。A. forever永远；B. somehow在某种程度上；C. alone独自地；D. instead相反的是。根据句意以及上文“my grandfather had left us”由此可知，此处应表示作者的祖父已经永远离开了他们。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我真正想表达我的懊悔时，我的祖父已经永远离开了我们，让我没有更多的机会为我的错误道歉。A. care about关心；B. apologize for道歉；C. think of想到；D. put away收拾。根据下文“I couldn’t ____12____ say to him the three words —“I am sorry”.”提到作者说“对不起”，由此可知，此处应表示作者没有更多的机会为自己的错误道歉。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不能对他说“对不起”这三个字。A. again再一次；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据上文提到的作者没有更多的机会为自己的错误道歉，以及下文“say to him the three words —“I am sorry”.”由此可知，此处应表示作者甚至不能对他说“对不起”这三个字。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们花在户外的时间越来越多，而在家陪伴家人的时间却越来越少。A. spare抽出时间；B. save拯救；C. take带走；D. kill杀害。根据句意以及下文“with our families at home”由此可知，此处应表示作者在家陪伴家人的时间却越来越少。 故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，充分利用你和你爱的人在一起的每一秒吧，因为时间在流逝，不等人。A. follow遵循；B. receive接收；C. divide分开；D. make the most of充分利用。根据下文“every second you have with your loved ones”由此可知，此处应表示充分利用你和你爱的人在一起的每一秒。make the most of“充分利用”为固定短语。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，充分利用你和你爱的人在一起的每一秒吧，因为时间在流逝，不等人。A. needs需要；B. keeps保持；C. delays延迟；D. stops停止。根据下文“waiting for no one”提到时间不等人，由此可知，此处应表示时间在流逝，不等人。故选B项。 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Better China Trip aims to be a bridge for you in China. Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service. We can also try to assist you in answering any questions you might have with your business in China. For sightseers, we aim to ensure you see the highlights of any particular city or location you want to visit. You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you. You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up. You can also register your personal information, and book any service you need. The following are our services that you can order. We have Beijing car rental, Beijing van(货车) rental, and Beijing driver services. Better China Trip provides car rental services in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Guilin, etc. Services available: 1. Car, van and bus rental for business/shopping/sightseeing. 2. Translators and interpreters from Chinese to English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Italian, Russian, etc. 3. Beijing airport transfers(pick-up and drop-off). 4. Hotel and air or train tickets booking. 5. Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc. 6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc. 7. Health care: traditional Chinese massage(按摩), foot massage, body massage. 8. Experiencing local Beijing Hutong life by tricycle. Contact us: You can visit our website at: www.betterchinatrip.com. Tel: 010 84026538(within China); 008610 84026538(outside China); Email: bctrip01@gmail.com MSN(Microsoft service Network):bctrip01@gmail.com 31. Whom will Better China Trip serve mainly? A. The citizens who live or work in Beijing. B. Whoever has language difficulty in China. C. Whoever travels or does business in China. D. The athletes coming to Beijing for big games. 32. What does the underlined word “itinerary” probably mean? A. Living condition. B. A plan for a journey. C. A perfect working plan. D. A shopping arrangement. 33. When is the best time for you to contact the service company? A. Before you set out. B. When you arrive in Beijing. C. When you have any trouble. D After you start your travel. 34. With the help of the company you can get the service of _______. A. getting a passport to go abroad B. tour guides who speak many languages C. driving you to any place at any time D. getting the tickets to a Kungfu show 35. We can learn from this passage that _______. A. this passage probably comes from a car magazine B. you can visit places of interest with expert tour guides C. you can ride a tricycle to any tourist attraction in Beijing D. Better China Trip only provides car rental services in Beijing 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了Better China Trip的相关信息。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service.”（无论您是出差还是观光，我们都为您提供城市到城市的交通、导游和翻译服务）可知，Better China Trip主要服务于来中国旅游或者做生意的人。故选C项。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you.”（你可以自己研究一下你的旅行，给我们一个首选的itinerary，或者利用我们当地的专业知识给你推荐一个行程计划）可知，itinerary指的是“行程计划”故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up.”（你最好在出发前和我们讨论一下，发邮件或打电话给我们。）由此可知，出发之前最好联系一下服务公司。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.”（第六条 预定功夫表演、魔术、京剧等演出的门票）可知，在公司的帮助下，你可以获得功夫表演的门票。故选D项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc.”（享有长城、天安门广场、紫禁城、颐和园、天坛、十三陵等地的导游和服务。）由此判断出，你可以和专业导游一起参观名胜古迹。故选B项。 B Hita Gupta used to volunteer at a nursing home, trying to brighten the days of the residents. Now she spreads sunshine far and wide. As a15-year-old sophomore(高二学生) at Conestoga High School, Hita has created a nonprofit organization that specializes in bringing cheer to socially isolated seniors. Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags(礼包) with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadelphia-area nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states. Hita has since widened the scope(范围) of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding army of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones. “We’ve been able to reach so many seniors-who are among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,” Hita said. Hita’s project has lifted spirits at the Genesis Wayne Center, according to Kaylee Nichols, the facility’s director. “It’s impressive to see a high school student take that kind of initiative,” Nichols said. “That generation, they normally don’t think about seniors.” Hita was motivated to take action when officials at the nursing home where she used to volunteer said that she couldn’t visit anymore because of the corona virus outbreak. It made her determined to do something else to try to help. She started the Go Fund Me page, expanded the foundation’s website and began organizing volunteers from around the country to write cards or make videos for nursing home residents, who have been the most severely impacted by COVID-19. Hita also expanded her project to include the acquisition(收购)and distribution of smart devices to nursing homes and long-term care facilities. “I'm very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,” her mother, Swait, wrote in an email. Hita said her foundation's name was a reflection of her determination to chase away doubt and depression for folks in need. “I thought of the sun,” Gupta said. “I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bring joy to them.” 36. What is the main aim of Hita’s Brighten A Day project? A. To raise funds for nursing homes. B. To deliver care to seniors at nursing homes. C. To teach seniors to communicate effectively. D. To facilitate the development of the nursing industry. 37. What can we learn about the Brighten A Day project from the text? A. It started in Hawaii and then expanded to other states. B. It is supported by volunteers across the country. C. It encourages seniors to use smart devices less. D. It offers its donors a special goodie bag. 38. How does Hita Gupta’s family feel about her efforts? A. Surprised. B. Frustrated. C. Supportive. D. Disappointed. 39. What does her foundation’s name mean? A. It shows her resolution to get rid of people's sad feeling. B. It's a reflection of her decision to expand her project. C. It mirrors her doubt to bring joy to people in need. D. It is the public image of her project. 40. What can we learn from Hita’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. Free care facilities for seniors are necessary. C. Smiling means getting personal desires satisfied. D. Bringing spiritual pleasure to the elderly is meaningful. 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了15岁的高中生Hita Gupta从事公益活动，创办“Brighten A Day”基金会为养老院的老人提供关怀。文章主要介绍了她从事这项事业的一些贡献和人们对此的看法。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags(礼包) with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadelphia-area nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states.(她创办的“Brighten A Day”基金会一开始是向费城地区的养老院发送装有成人涂色书、大号字谜书和蜡笔的礼品袋，并向邻近州的养老院发送振奋人心的信件)”可知，Hita的“Brighten A Day”项目的主要目标是为养老院的老人提供关怀。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hita has since widened the scope(范围) of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding army of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones. (从那以后，Hita扩大了她的项目范围，这个项目得到了GoFundMe页面上的捐款以及不断扩大的志愿者队伍的支持。该项目已经延伸到夏威夷，现在还包括视频信息和智能设备，帮助居民与亲人沟通。)”可知，Brighten A Day项目由全国各地的志愿者支持。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I’m very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,” her mother, Swait, wrote in an email.(“我很自豪Hita能给这么多老年人带来微笑，”她的母亲Swait在一封电子邮件中写道。)”可推知，Hita Gupta的家人对她的努力表示支持。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hita said her foundation’s name was a reflection of her determination to chase away doubt and depression for folks in need.(Hita说，她的基金会的名字反映了她为需要帮助的人们消除疑虑和抑郁的决心。)”可知，她的基金会的名字表明她决心帮助人们摆脱悲伤。故选A。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““We've been able to reach so many seniors-who are among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,” Hita said.(Hita说道：“我们已经能够接触到这么多老年人——他们是我们社会中最孤独的人之一——让他们知道他们并不孤单”)”以及最后一段中““I thought of the sun,” Gupta said. “I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bring joy to them.”( Gupta说道：“我想到那些处于黑暗、孤独中的人们，我多么想照亮他们的生活，给他们带来欢乐”。)”可推知，我们能从Hita的故事中认识到给老年人带来精神上的愉悦是有意义的。故选D。 C Should we focus on our goal, or on the process? What happened to Brenda Martinez, a US Olympic runner, may provide us with the answer. She lost her balance in the 800-meter run and failed to qualify for the Olympics. Instead of focusing on her failure, she prepared to win in the next race. “I just quickly let go of what happened in the 800m and got back to my routine, to focusing on all the little things I could do that would give me the best chance of running well later in the week,” she told New York Magazine. She said it was this mindset that led to her winning third place in the 1500-meter race about a week later to qualify for the Olympics in Rio. Instead of attaching herself to the goal of making the Olympic team, she concentrated on the process. There is a problem with setting goals. Researchers from Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania and Northwestern found that overemphasizing goals based on measurable outcomes often leads to risk-taking, unethical (不道德的) behavior and reduced motivation. Their results were published in a Harvard Business School report titled Goals Gone Wild: The Systematic Side Effects of Over-Prescribing Goal Setting. When you become overly focused on achieving the goal, you may lose sight of your original purpose for accomplishing the goal in the first place. Another danger is actually completing the goal without setting a plan for what’s next. For example, some marathon runners experience what’s called the “post-race blues”. Achieving your goal may cause you to drop the good habits that got you there in the first place. Dieters often experience this in what’s called “yo-yo dieting” when they drop down to a desired weight, but then gain all the weight back when they resume (重新开始) their bad habits. “After you set a goal, it’s best to shit your focus from the goal itself to the process that gives you the best chance of achieving it and to judge yourself based on how well you complete that process,” columnist Brad Stulberg wrote on the website The Cut. Ultimately, changing your attention from goals to process will cause you to achieve little victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals. Amy Cuddy, a Harvard Business School psychology professor, wrote that focusing on this process “leaves you with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment, regardless of the measurable outcome”. 41. Why is Brenda Martinez’s experience mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. To show opportunity favors the prepared mind. B. To describe how important it is to set big goals. C. To suggest learning from failure can bring success. D. To show how focusing on the process can lead to success. 42. According to Paragraph 3, overemphasizing goals could bring about________. A. the use of unfair means B. ignoring the whole picture C. overestimating the setbacks D. being stressed by the risks involved 43. With the examples in Paragraph 4, the author intends to show that________. A. we can’t focus on the goal too much B. we must keep in mind why we set the goal C. we should resume our habits when completing the goal D. we should accept it is normal to feel down after success 44. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. Ways of judging a goal. B. Ways to set long-term goals. C. The best chance of achieving goals. D. Benefits of focusing on the process. 45. The author supports his view ________. A. by making a comparison B. by reasoning with examples C. by giving statistics D. by doing an experiment 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要表达了作者的观点，在我们做一件事情时，不要过分专注于目标，而要更多的专注于实现目标的过程。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“She lost her balance in the 800-meter run and failed to qualify for the Olympics. Instead of focusing on her failure, she prepared to win in the next race.”（她在800米赛跑中失去平衡，没有获得奥运会参赛资格。她没有把注意力集中在失败上，而是准备在下一场比赛中获胜。）和“She said it was this mindset that led to her winning third place in the 1500-meter race about a week later to qualify for the Olympics in Rio. Instead of attaching herself to the goal of making the Olympic team, she concentrated on the process.”（她说，正是这种心态让她在大约一周后的1500米赛跑中获得了第三名，获得了里约奥运会的参赛资格。她没有执着于成为奥运代表队的目标，而是专注于这个过程。）可知，Brenda Martinez在比赛中并没有执着于目标，而是专注于过程，虽然在800米赛跑中失败了，但这种心态让她在1500米赛跑中获得了第三名，获得了里约奥运会的参赛资格。由此可知，第2段中提到Brenda Martinez的经历是为了展示专注于过程是如何让人走向成功的。故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“There is a problem with setting goals. Researchers from Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania and Northwestern found that overemphasizing goals based on measurable outcomes often leads to risk-taking, unethical (不道德的) behavior and reduced motivation.”（设定目标有一个问题。哈佛大学、宾夕法尼亚大学和西北大学的研究人员发现，过分强调基于可衡量结果的目标往往会导致冒险、不道德的行为和减少动力。）可知，研究人员认为，过分强调目标往往会导致冒险和不道德的行为，使用不公平的手段正是不道德的行为的一个例子。由此可推断出，根据第3段内容可知，过分强调目标可能导致使用不公平的手段。故选A项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“When you become overly focused on achieving the goal, you may lose sight of your original purpose for accomplishing the goal in the first place.”（当你过于专注于实现目标时，你可能会忘记当初想要实现目标的初衷。）和“Achieving your goal may cause you to drop the good habits that got you there in the first place.”（实现你的目标可能会让你放弃当初让你达到目标的好习惯。）可知，在第四段中，作者里列举了马拉松运动员和节食者的例子，告诉我们过于专注于实现目标，可能会让我们忘记实现目标的初衷，放弃当初让你达到目标的好习惯，事实上，我们应该记得设定目标的初衷并保持这些好习惯。由此可知，通过第4段中的例子，作者打算表明，我们必须牢记我们为什么设定一个目标。故选B项。 【44题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段内容““After you set a goal, it’s best to shit your focus from the goal itself to the process that gives you the best chance of achieving it and to judge yourself based on how well you complete that process,” columnist Brad Stulberg wrote on the website The Cut.”（专栏作家Brad Stulberg在网站the Cut上写道：“设定目标后，最好将注意力从目标本身转移到给你实现目标最好机会的过程上，并根据你完成这一过程的程度来判断自己。”）和最后一段关键句“Ultimately, changing your attention from goals to process will cause you to achieve little victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals.”（最终，把你的注意力从目标转移到过程中，会使你在实现长期目标的道路上取得小小的胜利。）可知，在最后两段中，作者引用了专栏作家Brad Stulberg和哈佛商学院心理学教授Amy Cuddy的话，告诉我们把你的注意力从目标转移到过程中，有利于你实现长期目标。由此可知，最后两段主要讲了关注过程的好处。故选D项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Ultimately, changing your attention from goals to process will cause you to achieve little victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals.”（最终，把你的注意力从目标转移到过程中，会使你在实现长期目标的道路上取得小小的胜利。）可知，作者认为，我们应该把注意力从目标转移到过程中。为了论证自己的观点，作者在第二段中列举了赛跑运动员Brenda Martinez的例子，告诉我们专注于过程可以让人走向成功；在第四段中列举了马拉松运动员和节食者的例子，告诉我们过于专注于实现目标的危害。由此可推断出，作者通过举例说明来支持他的观点。故选B项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (满分25分) 第一节：阅读表达 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Herman Cruse, a school bus driver from New Jersey, has been with Middle Township Public Schools for the past nine years. He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears of students when they're away from home and they have a gift to discern what kids are feeling. During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn't able to complete his reading assignment because his parents were busy with his four siblings (兄弟姐妹). An idea suddenly crossed Cruse's mind. “Listen, if you don't mind, I'd like to come to the school and read with you. ”he said. After receiving permission from the boy's teacher, Alex Bakley, Cruse showed up at her classroom the following week. When he walked in, the boy shouted proudly, “Hey, that's my bus driver!”They went into a quiet corner and began reading together. Later, a second student wanted to read with him, then a third. All the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” Cruse now volunteers to help kindergarten students with reading two days a week, and on a third day, he instructs the school's first-and second-graders. After dropping the kids off at school, of course. Every child looks up to Cruse, both on and off the school bus. “Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard. ”said Bakley. For Cruse, what started out as a way to kill time has now developed into a way to make a difference in the heart of a child. He used to go to the gym or library after delivering students to schools. It wasn't until he offered to help the boy on the bus that he realized there was something more rewarding he could be doing. It's a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them. 46. What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1? (1 word) ____________________________________________________________ 47. Why did the boy on the bus look a little upset? (no more than 11 words) ____________________________________________________________ 48. What help does Cruse offer after delivering students to schools? (no more than 12 words) ____________________________________________________________ 49. Why does Cruse think his voluntary work is rewarding according to the last paragraph? (no more than 16 words) ____________________________________________________________ 50. Who's “a bright light” in your life? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. Notice/Sense /Perceive. 47. (Because)his parents were too busy to read with him. 48. Helping kindergartners with reading and instructing the school's first-and second-graders. 49. (Because)the kids get excited when reading, which opens up a new world for them. 50. My father/mother. (Because)he/she encourages me and helps me (to)overcome the difficulties in my life. 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了幼儿园的校车司机Cruse帮助幼儿园的一位小男孩练习阅读的故事。 【46题详解】 考查词义猜测。由文章第一段第二句“He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears of students when they're away from home ”(他认为，当学生们远离家时，公交车司机是他们的眼睛和耳朵。)和文章第二段第一句“During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. ”(在一次早上的驾驶途中，克鲁斯注意到一个幼儿园的孩子看起来有点悲伤。)可知，公交车司机要有感知和注意孩子们情绪的天赋。故答案为Notice/Sense /Perceive. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段第二句“the boy explained that he wasn't able to complete his reading assignment because his parents were busy with his four siblings(兄弟姐妹). ”(男孩解释说，他没能完成阅读作业，因为他的父母忙于照顾他的四个兄弟姐妹。)可知男孩的父母太忙了无法帮助他完成阅读作业。故填(Because)his parents were too busy to read with him. 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段第一句“Cruse now volunteers to help kindergarten students with reading two days a week, and on a third day, he instructs the school's first-and second-graders. ”(Cruse现在自愿帮助幼儿园学生每周阅读两天，第三天，他指导学校的一年级和二年级学生。)可知Cruse帮助幼儿园和一年级、二年级的孩子阅读。故填Helping kindergartners with reading and instructing the school's first-and second-graders. 【49题详解】 考查推理判断。由文章最后一个自然段最后两句“It's a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them.”(他很高兴看到孩子们在学习发音时变得兴奋起来。他喜欢阅读为他们打开一个新的世界。)可知Cruse觉得非常值得是因为阅读为孩子们打开了全新的世界。故填(Because)the kids get excited when reading, which opens up a new world for them. 【50题详解】 开放性试题。由文章第四段第三句“Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard.”(赫尔曼非常积极，他是我们学校的一盏明灯，让每个孩子都感到被爱和被倾听。)可知bright light是能引导学生积极方向的人，让学生感受到爱和希望。所以，可以填写能引导自己积极向上的人。故填My father/mother. (Because) he/she encourages me and helps me (to) overcome the difficulties in my life. 第二节：书面表达 (满分15分) 51. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中华优秀传统文化感兴趣，并请你给他推荐一本中国名著。请你用英文给Jim回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.该名著的基本信息（书名、作者）； 2.该名著的主要内容； 3.推荐该名著的理由。 注意： 1.词数100词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Having learned that you are keen on Chinese traditional culture and literature, I strongly recommend to you Dream of the Red Chamber written by Cao Xueqin. Acknowledged as one of the masterpieces, the novel follows the rise and fall of noble families during the 18th century. It features fascinating plots and its vivid account of typical characters. Additionally, you will have a glimpse of custom, attire and cuisine at that time. I am sure you will find the novel interesting as it goes beyond mere plot, but also captures the subtle emotions and feelings of its characters. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to contact me. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写一封邮件向他推荐一本中国名著。 【详解】1.词汇积累 喜欢：be keen on→ enjoy/be fond of 迷人的：fascinating → charming/attractive 高贵的：noble→magnificent 此外：additionally → what’s more 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Having learned that you are keen on Chinese traditional culture and literature, I strongly recommend to you Dream of the Red Chamber written by Cao Xueqin. 拓展句：Since I have learned that you are keen on Chinese traditional culture and literature, I strongly recommend to you Dream of the Red Chamber written by Cao Xueqin. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having learned that you are keen on Chinese traditional culture and literature , I strongly recommend to you Dream of the Red Chamber written by Cao Xueqin.(运用了现在分词短语作原因状语和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to contact me.(运用了if引导条件状语从句) 听力答案：1-5 AABAB 6-10CBBCC 11-15 ABACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$