精品解析：湖北省武汉市江岸区2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

江岸区2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测 高二英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She played football. B. She watched a game. C. She worked in the lab. 2. Where is John’s father? A. In the dining room. B. In the living room. C. In the garden. 3. What does the woman say about the course? A. It is tough, B. It is bad. C. It is easy. 4. When will the man leave for the airport? A. At 2: 30 pm. B. At 4: 30 pm C. At 6: 30 pm. 5. How will the speakers go to the exhibition? A. By bicycle, B. By subway. C. By car. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An activity holiday. B. Their hobbies. C. The teamwork spirit. 7. What did the woman get a prize for? A. Climbing. B. Walking. C. Sailing. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman think of the book? A. It is boring. B. It is stimulating. C. It is serious. 9. Who wrote the book? A. Lori Gottlieb. B. Aaron Esterson. C. Erik Erikson. 10. What will the man probably do next? A. Read the book. B. Recommend the book. C. Find someone to consult. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman doing in Sydney? A. Traveling. B. Studying. C. Teaching. 12. What is purpose of the course? A. To evaluate students reading difficulty. B. To enhance teachers’ reading techniques. C. To improve teachers’ ability to teach reading. 13. Why does the woman choose the course? A. It is multi-task. B. It is cost-effective. C. It is time-consuming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Trainer and trainee. B. Boss and advisor, C. Host and guest. 15. Why does the woman mention losing weight? A. To show how to achieve a goal. B. To stress the importance of healthy food. C. To express her wish to improve her health. 16. What can friends do to help in goal-setting? A. Find problems. B. Tell the truth. C. Give support. 17. What makes most people do badly at reaching goals? A. Failing to keep focused. B. Having many missions. C. Losing their way. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What made Chai Lin get his first bike? A. His own efforts. B. His family’s help. C. His successful business. 19. What is the museum intended for? A Education. B. Fame. C. Recreation. 20. What does Chai Lin expect to do? A. Collect more antiques. B. Produce new brand bikes. C. Expand the exhibition area. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A “The days that make us happy make us wise.” — John Masefield When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his calm assurance was arresting. I could not forget it. Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear. Active happiness-not more satisfaction or contentment — often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of, eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision. Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional sadness, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles. The long vista (展望) is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you-people, thoughts, emotions, pressures — are now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom. 1. What was the author’s initial reaction to the line in the 1st paragraph? A. Deep agreement. B. Casualness. C. Shock. D. Complete confusion. 2. What does the author believe happiness brings in terms of wisdom? A. A reduction in fear and anxiety. B. Pessimistic expectations for the future. C. Discontent and complaints about life. D. An unclear understanding of the surrounding world. 3. When the author mentions “the wall crumbles,” what does he refer to? A. A physical obstacle disappears. B. Emotional distress and troubles fade away. C. Fears and worries about the future decrease. D The pursuit of happiness becomes easier. B I write this on a spring morning, in the van I have called home for two years now. From one small window, I have a view of joggers pounding the sunny path by the Oxford Canal, and the other looks onto the busy railway line along which trains travel from Southampton Docks to Birmingham. The woods where I’ve parked my van have grown up between them. This ancient van, a vehicle designed for freedom and the open road, has proved a stable solution for surviving the current housing crisis. I became a travel writer after my studies ended, committing to brief “residencies” with museums and artcentres — where temporary accommodation is often provided in exchange for producing new work about a community. Over the years that followed, living and working on location in the polar regions or Scandinavia or the Alps, not settling down for very long, meant wherever I landed was always “home”. During the pandemic it was necessary to adopt a more permanent engagement with locality. Oxford had often drawn me back. It’s a crossroads of reality and the imagination, the perfect city for a writer. It takes a surprising amount of work to keep a tiny home in order: buying a used van online; ensuring the smooth running of a gas cooker and car batteries; fetching water and emptying the mobile toilet. I began to enjoy taking care of my immediate surroundings. Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants. I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning. My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight. 4. What do the joggers and the railway line represent in the author’s view? A. Two sources of inspiration for writing. B Two obstacles to the author’s daily life. C. Two places the author visits regularly. D. Two ways the author travels around. 5. What does “immediate surroundings” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. a used van B. a gas cooker C. a wild garden D. a mobile toilet 6. What does the author enjoy most about his living style? A. Driving his van around different places. B. Transforming the waste-ground into a garden. C. The opportunity to meet new friends. D. The sense of accomplishment and self-reliance. 7. Which of the following is the main benefit of unconventional housing? A. Providing temporary shelter. B. Keeping a tiny home in order easily. C. Embracing delightful surprises. D. Allowing for mobility and flexibility. C Not all birds sing, but several thousand species do. They sing to defend their territory and croon (柔声唱) to impress potential mates. “Why birds sing is relatively well-answered,” says Iris Adam, a behavioral neuroscientist. However, the big question for her was why birds sing so much. “As soon as you sing, you reveal yourself,” Adam says. “Like, where you are and where your territory is.” In a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her co-workers offer a new explanation for why birds take that risk. They may have to sing a lot every day to give their vocal (发声的) muscles the regular exercise they need to produce top- quality songs. To figure out whether the muscles that produce birdsongs require daily exercise, Adam designed an experiment on zebra finches-the little Australian songbirds. She prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark cage almost around the clock. Light is what galvanizes the birds to sing, so she had to work to keep them from warbling (鸣叫). “The first two or three days, it’s quite easy,” she says. “But the longer the experiment goes, the more they are like, “I need to sing. ““. At that point, she’d tap the cage and tell them to stop singing. After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half their strength. But Adam wondered whether that impacted the quality of songs. When she played a male’s song before and after the seven days of darkness, she couldn’t hear a difference. But when Adam played it to a group of female birds, six out of nine preferred the song that came from a male who’d been using his singing muscles daily. Adam’s conclusion shows that “songbirds need to exercise their vocal muscles to produce top-performance songs. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females.” This may help explain songbirds’ continuous singing. It’s a good rule to live by, whether you’re a bird or a human-practice makes perfect, at least when it comes to singing one’s heart out. 8. According to Iris Adam, birds sing so much to ____________. A. warn other birds of risks B. produce more songs C. perform perfectly in singing D. defend their territory 9. What does the underlined word “galvanizes” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Prepares. B. Stimulates. C. Forbids. D. Frightens. 10. Why did Adam conduct an experiment on zebra finches? A. To understand their mating behavior. B. To study their singing patterns. C. To test the effects of darkness on their singing muscles. D. To analyze the quality of their songs. 11. What is the overall message of the passage? A. Singing is beneficial for those that do. B. Zebra finches are for studying singing patterns. C. Singing is a risk for birds, but they have to. D. Songbirds need to sing regularly for attraction. D We may weep for the dodo, but could and should we bring this lovely bird back from the dead? De-extinction is the science of restoring lost species and it has been in the news for decades. The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo. Sadly, biologists soon realized that DNA in fact breaks down super-fast; even after 10o years, DNA from museum skins of dodos was decayed (腐烂) beyond repair. They could be sequenced (测定序列) using massive computational power, but then only with considerable uncertainty. And even if you capture a DNA sequence, there’s still the problem of how you get living cells to read that sequence and express proteins that make the dinosaur or the dodo. But why would anyone want to see mammoths, or something like them, roaming (漫游) present-day Siberia? Well, they were undoubtedly amazing beasts. As well as hunting them, our distant ancestors painted their likenesses in caves across Europe. Fascinating as they may be, there’s some ecological justification for the project too. It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilized by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群) . Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes. True, it’s not de-extinction in the sense of bringing a long-dead species back to life. Instead it’s more like making a “dodo” by engineering a modern pigeon, its closest relative, to become huge and flightless. The result would be a big, fatty pigeon that, whether it looked like a dodo or not, would probably fulfill some of its ecological roles. As a paleontologist, I would of course love to see living dinosaurs, mammoths and dodos. In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings. 12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. A science fiction review. B. The development of DNA. C. An inspired guess of de-extinction. D. The application of PCR technology. 13. Why are people interested in cloning extinct species? A. They expect to seek hunt fun. B. They lack sources of modern art. C. They want to see biodiversity. D. They need them for research. 14. What does the slowdown in cloning and genetic technologies allow the author to do? A. Witness the birth of cloned dinosaurs. B. Avoid Michael Crichton’s imaginings, C. Stop the progress of genetic engineering. D. Consider the potential outcomes of these technologies. 15. What’s the author’s attitude toward cloning extinct species? A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are several ups and downs in everyone’s life. No matter how strong an individual is, there is usually a time when he finds the need of someone encouraging him to meet the challenges. ____16____That may make him feel the power and the energy to deal with all sorts of negativity in life. The power of motivation is beyond explanation. However, the person, who benefits from it, understands its importance instantly he hears it. ____17____The fact is that there exists the gap between the speech of an expert and that of the average. And probably the reason is the experience of a life coach in dealing with the life of countless people on the Earth in his entire career. ____18____Or rather, whatever he says or advises is not only the output of the words on the page, but also what he has learned from the lives of people around. It is his real life experience that he uses to improve the lives of other people on the globe. Having met countless people throughout the career, the life coach becomes used to the problems. ____19____So, his every suggestion goes straight, touches the heart and increases the energy of a listener, and eventually helps them address different problems in life. If you think such speeches are mere words and sentences, you are absolutely wrong. But actually they are the magical words that bring a great change in the life of disappointed and annoyed people on the globe. With such speeches, life coaches dig out the problems that the listener is facing in life. ____20____ A. Sometimes, it is not difficult to define an expert. B. In particular, a speech from an expert is motivational. C. The knowledge of an expert is not limited to the books. D. Especially when1 stuck in dilemma you really feel helpless. E. Besides, he knows what kind of solutions will prove the best. F. And they also find the root cause to come up with a final solution. G. If you think anyone can deliver such a speech, you might be wrong. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed a financial exam her heart sank. She’d ___21___ the same test weeks earlier. “Envy was eating me up,” recalls George. But anyway she ___22___ her friend. “And I told her I failed and admitted I was ___23___,” she says. George knew that being ___24___ would ease her envy, but she was surprised that it also enabled her to ___25___ her friend’s happiness and experience her own in turn. Finding ___26___ in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call freudenfreude, the great joy we feel when someone else succeeds, ___27___ it doesn’t directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like a kind of social___28___, says Catherine Chambliss, a professor of psychology. It makes relationships “closer and more enjoyable.” Too often, we think our friends ___29___ us most during their hard times: a job ___30___, getting divorced. In fact, how friends ___31___ our joy is even more important for us than how they respond to our ___32___. Too often, we think of joy passively. We see it as something that come to us, instead of something we can ___33___. While it can be difficult in practice, freudenfreude can lift us up and ___34___ our day. So celebrating our friends’ ___35___ is a win-win to us all. 21. A. taken B. passed C. failed D. prepared 22. A. congratulated B. forgave C. blamed D. ignored 23. A. badly-behaved B. over-burdened C. short-sighted D. green-eyed 24. A. tough B. honest C. tolerant D. optimistic 25. A. imagine B. understand C. share D. increase 26. A. hope B. passion C. confidence D. pleasure 27. A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that 28. A. platform B. glue C. booster D. routine 29. A. support B. annoy C. upset D. need 30. A. loss B. change C. interview D. application 31. A. look forward to B. contribute to C. get used to D. react to 32. A. envy B. complaints C. suffering D. mistakes 33. A. predict B. produce C. choose D. measure 34. A. fill B. start C. brighten D. balance 35. A. survival B. success C. recovery D. generosity 第二节 短文填空 (共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Desertification is a serious problem ____36____ (face) numerous countries in the world. Shi Guangyin, an eco-warrior from Shanxi Province, ____37____ (battle) desertification for about 40 years. Born in a town on the southern edge of the Mu Us Desert, Shi remembers how sandstorms easily destroyed the crops the villagers had grown and made their life ____38____ misery. In 1984, the government issued new policies to encourage individuals to plant trees in contracted sand lands. Despite the ____39____ (oppose) of his family, Shi resigned from his leadership position at a state-owned farm and began his fight against desertification. ____40____ (initial), Shi met with the challenge of lacking funds. He managed to raise RMB 12,000 by selling all his sheep and borrowing money from door to door. ____41____ followed was tireless work by Shi and his team, planting several species of drought-enduring trees over sand. Langwosha is an area of about 400 hectares ____42____ strong winds blow hard all year round. After failing ____43____ the first two attempts, Shi realized scientific research was also important. In 1988, Shi challenged Langwosha the third time. This time he ____44____ (equip) with a newly acquired technique, which enabled most of the planted trees, well over 80%, _____45_____ (survive). “My fight continues as long as my life continues. I shall not stop planting trees until my last breath,” said Shi Guangyin. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你校图书馆计划布置一个英语读书角，需要一张图片作为背景。校方搜集了以下两张图片，向同学们征求意见。请你给图书馆馆长写封邮件，内容包括： (1) 你的选择； (2) 你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear the head librarian, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was early spring and Nana was in the backyard with her grandchildren. Amy, Michael, and Justin were playing when Nana said, “I’m going to start planting my garden. Who wants to help me?” “What are going to plant, Nana?” asked Amy. “I like big, yellow sunflowers.” “I’m going to plant vegetables. That way we can have them to eat when they are ready,” said Nana. “How long does that take?” asked Michael. He liked vegetables sometimes, especially carrots. “It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat,” answered Nana. The children were surprised. “Months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?” asked Amy. “You should just go to the store and buy them.” “Patience, my sweeties! Don’t you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?” replied Nana. “And if all of you come to help, it won’t be too much work.” “I’ll help you, Nana,” offered Justin. He put down the soccer ball and went to look at the gardening tools Nana had laid out. “What do we do first?” Michael and Amy came over to look, too. Nana taught Justin how to use a trowel (小铲子) to dig small rows of holes for the seeds. Next, Nana showed Amy how to pour the seeds into each hole. And it was Michael’s job to cover up the holes with soil. Finally, Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground. “This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,” said Nana. When they had planted everything, the children took turns filling up the watering can so that Nana could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow. “Now we just water them a little every day, and with some time and sunshine, we’ll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,” said Nana. 注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 CCABB 6-10 ABBAA 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 CABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江岸区2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测 高二英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She played football. B. She watched a game. C. She worked in the lab. 2. Where is John’s father? A. In the dining room. B. In the living room. C. In the garden. 3. What does the woman say about the course? A. It is tough, B. It is bad. C. It is easy. 4. When will the man leave for the airport? A. At 2: 30 pm. B. At 4: 30 pm C. At 6: 30 pm. 5. How will the speakers go to the exhibition? A. By bicycle, B. By subway. C. By car. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An activity holiday. B. Their hobbies. C. The teamwork spirit. 7. What did the woman get a prize for? A. Climbing. B. Walking. C. Sailing. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman think of the book? A. It is boring. B. It is stimulating. C. It is serious. 9. Who wrote the book? A. Lori Gottlieb. B. Aaron Esterson. C. Erik Erikson. 10. What will the man probably do next? A. Read the book. B. Recommend the book. C. Find someone to consult. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman doing in Sydney? A. Traveling. B. Studying. C. Teaching. 12. What is purpose of the course? A. To evaluate students reading difficulty. B. To enhance teachers’ reading techniques. C. To improve teachers’ ability to teach reading. 13. Why does the woman choose the course? A. It is multi-task. B. It is cost-effective. C. It is time-consuming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Trainer and trainee. B. Boss and advisor, C. Host and guest. 15. Why does the woman mention losing weight? A. To show how to achieve a goal. B. To stress the importance of healthy food. C. To express her wish to improve her health. 16. What can friends do to help in goal-setting? A. Find problems. B. Tell the truth. C. Give support. 17. What makes most people do badly at reaching goals? A. Failing to keep focused. B. Having many missions. C. Losing their way. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What made Chai Lin get his first bike? A. His own efforts. B. His family’s help. C. His successful business. 19. What is the museum intended for? A. Education. B. Fame. C. Recreation. 20. What does Chai Lin expect to do? A. Collect more antiques. B. Produce new brand bikes. C. Expand the exhibition area. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A “The days that make us happy make us wise.” — John Masefield When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his calm assurance was arresting. I could not forget it. Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear. Active happiness-not more satisfaction or contentment — often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of, eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision. Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional sadness, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles. The long vista (展望) is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you-people, thoughts, emotions, pressures — are now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom. 1. What was the author’s initial reaction to the line in the 1st paragraph? A. Deep agreement. B. Casualness. C. Shock. D. Complete confusion. 2. What does the author believe happiness brings in terms of wisdom? A. A reduction in fear and anxiety. B. Pessimistic expectations for the future. C. Discontent and complaints about life. D. An unclear understanding of the surrounding world. 3. When the author mentions “the wall crumbles,” what does he refer to? A. A physical obstacle disappears. B. Emotional distress and troubles fade away. C. Fears and worries about the future decrease. D. The pursuit of happiness becomes easier. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要表达了作者对John Masefield说的“使我们快乐的日子使我们聪明”这句话的理解和感悟。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me.(当我第一次读到这位英国桂冠诗人这句话时，我大吃一惊。)”可知，当作者第一次读到这句话时，他感到很吃惊，故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear.(快乐带来的智慧在于清晰的感知，而不是被焦虑所模糊，被绝望和无聊所模糊，也没有恐惧造成的盲点。)”可知，快乐带来的智慧在于清楚地感知，而不是被焦虑、绝望和无聊所模糊，故作者认为快乐带来的智慧能减少焦虑和恐惧，故选A。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句前文的内容“Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional sadness, your vision is cut short as though by a wall.(不高兴的话，你的思想就转变成了情绪悲伤，那么你的视野就像被一堵墙阻隔了。)”可知，划线句前文提到，如果你不高兴的话，你的思想就转变为悲伤的情绪，故此处“Happy, the wall crumbles.(高兴的话，这面墙就塌了。)”与前文的内容相对，如果你高兴的话，那些由不高兴带来的情绪困扰就会消失，故选B。 B I write this on a spring morning, in the van I have called home for two years now. From one small window, I have a view of joggers pounding the sunny path by the Oxford Canal, and the other looks onto the busy railway line along which trains travel from Southampton Docks to Birmingham. The woods where I’ve parked my van have grown up between them. This ancient van, a vehicle designed for freedom and the open road, has proved a stable solution for surviving the current housing crisis. I became a travel writer after my studies ended, committing to brief “residencies” with museums and artcentres — where temporary accommodation is often provided in exchange for producing new work about a community. Over the years that followed, living and working on location in the polar regions or Scandinavia or the Alps, not settling down for very long, meant wherever I landed was always “home”. During the pandemic it was necessary to adopt a more permanent engagement with locality. Oxford had often drawn me back. It’s a crossroads of reality and the imagination, the perfect city for a writer. It takes a surprising amount of work to keep a tiny home in order: buying a used van online; ensuring the smooth running of a gas cooker and car batteries; fetching water and emptying the mobile toilet. I began to enjoy taking care of my immediate surroundings. Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants. I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning. My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight. 4. What do the joggers and the railway line represent in the author’s view? A. Two sources of inspiration for writing. B. Two obstacles to the author’s daily life. C. Two places the author visits regularly. D. Two ways the author travels around. 5. What does “immediate surroundings” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. a used van B. a gas cooker C. a wild garden D. a mobile toilet 6. What does the author enjoy most about his living style? A. Driving his van around different places. B. Transforming the waste-ground into a garden. C. The opportunity to meet new friends. D. The sense of accomplishment and self-reliance. 7. Which of the following is the main benefit of unconventional housing? A. Providing temporary shelter. B. Keeping a tiny home in order easily. C. Embracing delightful surprises. D. Allowing for mobility and flexibility. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为旅行作家以面包车为家的体验和感受。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“From one small window, I have a view of joggers pounding the sunny path by the Oxford Canal, and the other looks onto the busy railway line along which trains travel from Southampton Docks to Birmingham.(从一扇小窗户看出去，我可以看到慢跑者在牛津运河边的阳光明媚的小路上奔跑，另一扇窗户则可以看大从南安普顿码头到伯明翰的繁忙的铁路线。)”以及第五段“Oxford had often drawn me back. It’s a crossroads of reality and the imagination, the perfect city for a writer.(牛津经常把我吸引回去。这是现实和想象的十字路口，是作家完美的城市。)”可知，作者可以看到慢跑者在牛津运河上奔跑，牛津是现实和想象的十字路口，是适合作家的完美城市，故作者将慢跑者和铁路线看作是写作的两条灵感线，故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段画线短语immediate surroundings后文的内容“Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants. (整个夏天，我努力把荒地变成野生花园，用野生植物代替杂草。)”可知，此处的划线短语immediate surroundings(面包车周围的环境)指的是后文提到的a wild garden，故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning. My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight.(我和住在附近的自给自足的船夫交上了朋友，他们总是准备好与我们分享无电低碳生活的知识。我了解到：舒适可以从明亮的城市生活基础设施中找到：在黎明时分，看着在树上筑巢的鸟和在树林里玩耍的狐狸，在春天的早晨泡一杯咖啡。我远离传统住房是个人经济状况的必要行为，但好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)”可推知，关于自己的生活方式，作者最喜欢的就是在基础设施中找到舒适的成就感以及自己依靠自己的满足感，故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight. (我远离传统住房是个人经济状况的必要行为，但好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)”可知，住在面包车这种非传统住房里可以随时拥抱令人愉快的惊喜，故选C。 C Not all birds sing, but several thousand species do. They sing to defend their territory and croon (柔声唱) to impress potential mates. “Why birds sing is relatively well-answered,” says Iris Adam, a behavioral neuroscientist. However, the big question for her was why birds sing so much. “As soon as you sing, you reveal yourself,” Adam says. “Like, where you are and where your territory is.” In a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her co-workers offer a new explanation for why birds take that risk. They may have to sing a lot every day to give their vocal (发声的) muscles the regular exercise they need to produce top- quality songs. To figure out whether the muscles that produce birdsongs require daily exercise, Adam designed an experiment on zebra finches-the little Australian songbirds. She prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark cage almost around the clock. Light is what galvanizes the birds to sing, so she had to work to keep them from warbling (鸣叫). “The first two or three days, it’s quite easy,” she says. “But the longer the experiment goes, the more they are like, “I need to sing. ““. At that point, she’d tap the cage and tell them to stop singing. After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half their strength. But Adam wondered whether that impacted the quality of songs. When she played a male’s song before and after the seven days of darkness, she couldn’t hear a difference. But when Adam played it to a group of female birds, six out of nine preferred the song that came from a male who’d been using his singing muscles daily. Adam’s conclusion shows that “songbirds need to exercise their vocal muscles to produce top-performance songs. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females.” This may help explain songbirds’ continuous singing. It’s a good rule to live by, whether you’re a bird or a human-practice makes perfect, at least when it comes to singing one’s heart out. 8. According to Iris Adam, birds sing so much to ____________. A. warn other birds of risks B. produce more songs C. perform perfectly in singing D. defend their territory 9. What does the underlined word “galvanizes” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Prepares. B. Stimulates. C. Forbids. D. Frightens. 10. Why did Adam conduct an experiment on zebra finches? A. To understand their mating behavior. B. To study their singing patterns. C. To test the effects of darkness on their singing muscles. D. To analyze the quality of their songs. 11. What is the overall message of the passage? A. Singing is beneficial for those that do. B. Zebra finches are for studying singing patterns. C. Singing is a risk for birds, but they have to. D. Songbirds need to sing regularly for attraction. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They may have to sing a lot every day to give their vocal (发声的) muscles the regular exercise they need to produce top- quality songs.(它们可能每天都要唱很多歌，让它们的声带肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而创作出高质量的歌曲)”可知，亚当认为鸟儿每天都要唱很多歌，是为了更加完美地演唱。故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的上文“She prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark cage almost around the clock (她把它们关在黑暗的笼子里，整整一个星期不让它们唱歌)”和下文“so she had to work to keep them from warbling(所以她不得不努力防止它们鸣叫)”可知，光是刺激鸟儿歌唱的东西，所以她必须努力不让它们鸣叫，她把它们关在黑暗的笼子里。由此可知，划线词的含义为“刺激”。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据以及第五段的“Adam’s conclusion shows that “songbirds need to exercise their vocal muscles to produce top-performance songs. If they don’t sing, they lose performance, and their songs get less attractive to females.”(亚当的结论表明，“鸣禽需要锻炼它们的声乐肌肉才能创作出顶级的歌曲。如果它们不唱歌，它们就会失去表演能力，它们的歌曲对雌性的吸引力也会降低。”) ”可知，Adam进行这个实验的目的是为了测试黑暗对鸟儿歌唱肌肉的影响，进而探究鸟类歌唱肌肉是否需要日常锻炼来保持其性能。由此可推知，这是实验的目的是为了研究鸟儿们的唱歌模式。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“It’s a good rule to live by, whether you’re a bird or a human-practice makes perfect, at least when it comes to singing one’s heart out.(这是一条很好的生活规则，无论你是一只鸟还是一个人，实践都是完美的，至少在唱歌时是如此)”可知，文章主要探讨了为什么鸟类会频繁地歌唱，尽管这可能会暴露它们的位置，带来风险。通过实验发现，鸟类的歌唱肌肉如果不经常使用，会失去一半的力量，而且歌唱的质量会下降，对雌性鸟的吸引力也会减少。文章最后总结到，无论是鸟类还是人类，练习都是完美的关键，至少在倾诉心声的歌唱方面是如此。A项“唱歌对唱歌的人有益。”符合语境，强调了练习和实践的重要性。故选A。 D We may weep for the dodo, but could and should we bring this lovely bird back from the dead? De-extinction is the science of restoring lost species and it has been in the news for decades. The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo. Sadly, biologists soon realized that DNA in fact breaks down super-fast; even after 10o years, DNA from museum skins of dodos was decayed (腐烂) beyond repair. They could be sequenced (测定序列) using massive computational power, but then only with considerable uncertainty. And even if you capture a DNA sequence, there’s still the problem of how you get living cells to read that sequence and express proteins that make the dinosaur or the dodo. But why would anyone want to see mammoths, or something like them, roaming (漫游) present-day Siberia? Well, they were undoubtedly amazing beasts. As well as hunting them, our distant ancestors painted their likenesses in caves across Europe. Fascinating as they may be, there’s some ecological justification for the project too. It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilized by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群) . Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes. True, it’s not de-extinction in the sense of bringing a long-dead species back to life. Instead it’s more like making a “dodo” by engineering a modern pigeon, its closest relative, to become huge and flightless. The result would be a big, fatty pigeon that, whether it looked like a dodo or not, would probably fulfill some of its ecological roles. As a paleontologist, I would of course love to see living dinosaurs, mammoths and dodos. In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings. 12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. A science fiction review. B. The development of DNA. C. An inspired guess of de-extinction. D. The application of PCR technology. 13. Why are people interested in cloning extinct species? A. They expect to seek hunt fun. B. They lack sources of modern art. C. They want to see biodiversity. D. They need them for research. 14. What does the slowdown in cloning and genetic technologies allow the author to do? A. Witness the birth of cloned dinosaurs. B. Avoid Michael Crichton’s imaginings, C. Stop the progress of genetic engineering. D. Consider the potential outcomes of these technologies. 15. What’s the author’s attitude toward cloning extinct species? A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了复活动物灭绝物种（如渡渡鸟、猛犸象）的科学可能性与生态意义，虽然技术挑战重重，但若成功，或将恢复生态系统多样性。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo.(现代的故事始于1990年，当时迈克尔·克莱顿出版了他的科幻小说《侏罗纪公园》，他在小说中想象了一个科学家能够让恐龙复活的世界。克莱顿设想聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术可以扩增少量恐龙DNA，从而构建活胚胎)”可知，这一段主要讲述了由迈克尔·克莱顿的小说《侏罗纪公园》引发的对灭绝物种复活的想象，特别是PCR技术可能用于放大恐龙DNA并构建活胚胎的想法。因此，这段文字主要关于对灭绝物种复活的启发性猜测。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Fascinating as they may be, there’s some ecological justification for the project too.(尽管它们可能很吸引人，但该项目也有一些生态方面的理由)”以及第五段“It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilized by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群) . Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes.(正是这种陆地表面的多样性，被沉重的四肢分解，并被粪便随机受精，支撑了如此多的植物群。没有长毛象，这种多样性就消失了。归还它们，景观将再次出现各种各样的物种，包括花朵和灌木)”可知，人们对克隆灭绝物种感兴趣主要是因为它们能够促进生物多样性的恢复。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.(不过，在某些方面，我感到欣慰的是，对克隆和遗传技术的乐观主张没有得到证实。经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可推知，技术的放慢使作者有时间考虑这些技术的后果，并避免一些过于狂热的想象。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据整篇文章的语境，尤其是最后一段的“In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.(过，在某些方面，我感到欣慰的是，对克隆和遗传技术的乐观主张没有得到证实。经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可知，技术的放慢使作者有时间考虑这些技术的后果，并避免一些过于狂热的想象。由此可推知，作者对于克隆灭绝物种持谨慎态度。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are several ups and downs in everyone’s life. No matter how strong an individual is, there is usually a time when he finds the need of someone encouraging him to meet the challenges. ____16____That may make him feel the power and the energy to deal with all sorts of negativity in life. The power of motivation is beyond explanation. However, the person, who benefits from it, understands its importance instantly he hears it. ____17____The fact is that there exists the gap between the speech of an expert and that of the average. And probably the reason is the experience of a life coach in dealing with the life of countless people on the Earth in his entire career. ____18____Or rather, whatever he says or advises is not only the output of the words on the page, but also what he has learned from the lives of people around. It is his real life experience that he uses to improve the lives of other people on the globe. Having met countless people throughout the career, the life coach becomes used to the problems. ____19____So, his every suggestion goes straight, touches the heart and increases the energy of a listener, and eventually helps them address different problems in life. If you think such speeches are mere words and sentences, you are absolutely wrong. But actually they are the magical words that bring a great change in the life of disappointed and annoyed people on the globe. With such speeches, life coaches dig out the problems that the listener is facing in life. ____20____ A. Sometimes, it is not difficult to define an expert. B. In particular, a speech from an expert is motivational. C. The knowledge of an expert is not limited to the books. D. Especially when1 stuck in dilemma, you really feel helpless. E. Besides, he knows what kind of solutions will prove the best. F. And they also find the root cause to come up with a final solution. G. If you think anyone can deliver such a speech, you might be wrong. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。每个人都有需要他人鼓励的时候，这时生活导师能帮到我们。文章主要介绍生活导师是如何让听众有动力的。 【16题详解】 根据上文“There are several ups and downs in everyone’s life. No matter how strong an individual is, there is usually a time when he finds the need of someone encouraging him to meet the challenges.(每个人的生活都有好几次起起落落。无论一个人有多强大，通常都会有一段时间，他发现需要有人鼓励他迎接挑战)”可知，每个人都有需要他人鼓励的时候。B项“In particular, a speech from an expert is motivational.(特别是，专家的演讲具有激励作用)”符合题意，选项是对上文的递进，其中motivational呼应上文encouraging。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据下文“The fact is that there exists the gap between the speech of an expert and that of the average. And probably the reason is the experience of a life coach in dealing with the life of countless people on the Earth in his entire career.(事实是，专家的演讲和普通人的演讲之间存在着差距。原因可能是一个人生导师在他的整个职业生涯中处理过地球上无数人的生活)”可知，并非人人都能发表激励他人的演讲。G项“If you think anyone can deliver such a speech, you might be wrong.(如果你认为任何人都能发表这样的演讲，那你可能错了)”符合题意。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Or rather, whatever he says or advises is not only the output of the words on the page, but also what he has learned from the lives of people around. It is his real life experience that he uses to improve the lives of other people on the globe.(或者更确切地说，他所说的或建议的不仅仅是纸上文字的输出，而是他从周围人的生活中学到的东西。这是他的真实生活经历，他用它来改善世界上其他人的生活)”可知，专家的输出不仅仅是文字上的，还有他自己的和别人的生活经历。C项“The knowledge of an expert is not limited to the books.(专家的知识并不局限于书本)”符合题意，下文是对选项的进一步说明。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据下文“So, his every suggestion goes straight, touches the heart and increases the energy of a listener, and eventually helps them address different problems in life.(因此，他的每一个建议都直截了当，打动人心，增加听众的能量，最终帮助他们解决生活中的不同问题)”可知，专家的建议都直截了当，能解决问题。由此可知，他们知道什么的解决方法才是最好的。E项“Besides, he knows what kind of solutions will prove the best.(此外，他知道什么样的解决方案将被证明是最好的)”符合题意，选项中的best呼应下文的goes straight。故选E。 【20题详解】 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“If you think such speeches are mere words and sentences, you are absolutely wrong. But actually they are the magical words that bring a great change in the life of disappointed and annoyed people on the globe. With such speeches, life coaches dig out the problems that the listener is facing in life. (如果你认为这样的演讲只是单词和句子，那你就大错特错了。但实际上，它们是神奇的词语，给世界上失望和烦恼的人们的生活带来了巨大的变化。通过这样的演讲，生活导师挖掘出听众在生活中面临的问题)”可知，生活导师挖掘出了听众的问题。由此推知，空处陈述他们找出问题的根本原因，并最终找到解决问题的方法。F项“And they also find the root cause to come up with a final solution.(他们也会找到问题的根本原因，并提出最终的解决方案)”符合题意。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed a financial exam, her heart sank. She’d ___21___ the same test weeks earlier. “Envy was eating me up,” recalls George. But anyway she ___22___ her friend. “And I told her I failed and admitted I was ___23___,” she says. George knew that being ___24___ would ease her envy, but she was surprised that it also enabled her to ___25___ her friend’s happiness and experience her own in turn. Finding ___26___ in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call freudenfreude, the great joy we feel when someone else succeeds, ___27___ it doesn’t directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like a kind of social___28___, says Catherine Chambliss, a professor of psychology. It makes relationships “closer and more enjoyable.” Too often, we think our friends ___29___ us most during their hard times: a job ___30___, getting divorced. In fact, how friends ___31___ our joy is even more important for us than how they respond to our ___32___. Too often, we think of joy passively. We see it as something that come to us, instead of something we can ___33___. While it can be difficult in practice, freudenfreude can lift us up and ___34___ our day. So celebrating our friends’ ___35___ is a win-win to us all. 21. A. taken B. passed C. failed D. prepared 22. A. congratulated B. forgave C. blamed D. ignored 23. A. badly-behaved B. over-burdened C. short-sighted D. green-eyed 24. A. tough B. honest C. tolerant D. optimistic 25. A. imagine B. understand C. share D. increase 26. A. hope B. passion C. confidence D. pleasure 27. A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that 28. A. platform B. glue C. booster D. routine 29. A. support B. annoy C. upset D. need 30 A. loss B. change C. interview D. application 31. A. look forward to B. contribute to C. get used to D. react to 32. A. envy B. complaints C. suffering D. mistakes 33. A. predict B. produce C. choose D. measure 34. A. fill B. start C. brighten D. balance 35. A. survival B. success C. recovery D. generosity 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述Eugenie George在面对朋友通过财政咨询测试，从最初的情绪消沉到随后坦诚地告知朋友自己对她的羡慕以及朋友对自己的激励，这种态度的转变让她不仅体验到朋友的快乐，也找寻到属于自己的幸福。最终提出结论：从另一个人的好运中寻找快乐会使你们的关系更加亲密和愉快。分享别人的快乐也可以培养韧性，提高生活满意度，帮助人们在冲突中合作。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，她没能通过同样的测试。A. taken拿；B. passed通过；C. failed失败；D. prepared准备。根据后文“And I told her I failed”可知，她失败了。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不管怎样，她还是祝贺了她的朋友。A. congratulated祝贺；B. forgave原谅；C. blamed指责；D. ignored忽视。根据前文“When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed a financial exam”可知，她的朋友通过考试，应是祝贺她的朋友。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我失败了，并承认我嫉妒了。A. badly-behaved表现差的；B. over-burdened负担过重；C. short-sighted目光短浅的；D. green-eyed嫉妒的。根据前文“Envy was eating me up”可知作者是嫉妒的。故选D项。 24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治知道，诚实会减轻她的嫉妒，但令她惊讶的是，这也使她能够分享朋友的快乐，并反过来体验自己的快乐。A. tough艰难的；B. honest诚实的；C. tolerant宽容的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据前文“And I told her I failed and admitted I was 　　　3　　　”可知，作者承认她嫉妒了，所以是诚实的。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治知道，诚实会减轻她的嫉妒，但令她惊讶的是，这也使她能够分享朋友的快乐，并反过来体验自己的快乐。A. imagine想象；B. understand懂；C. share分享；D. increase增加。根据后文“Finding 　　　6　　　 in another person’s good fortune”可知，在从别人的好运中找到快乐，也就是分享他人的快乐。故选C项。 26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从别人的好运中找到快乐就是社会科学家所说的Freudenfreude，当别人成功时，我们会感到极大的快乐，即使这与我们没有直接关系。A. hope希望；B. passion激情；C. confidence信心；D. pleasure快乐。根据前文“it also enabled her to 　　　5　　　 her friend’s happiness”可知，分享她朋友的快乐，所以是找到快乐。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：从别人的好运中找到快乐就是社会科学家所说的Freudenfreude，当别人成功时，我们会感到极大的快乐，即使这与我们没有直接关系。A. even if即使；B. as if好像…一样；C. now that由于；D. so that以便。根据后文“it doesn’t directly involve us.”结合选项，应是“即使这与我们没有直接关系”之意符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学教授凯瑟琳·查布利斯(Catherine Chambliss)说，Freudenfreude就像一种社会粘合剂。A. platform平台；B. glue粘合剂；C. booster拥护者；D. routine常规。根据后文“It makes relationships “closer and more enjoyable.””可知，Freudenfreude让人际关系“更亲密、更愉快”，所以是粘合剂。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们认为朋友在困难时期最需要我们：失业、离婚。A. support支持；B. annoy使生气；C. upset使烦恼；D. need需要。根据后文“during their hard times”可知，朋友在困难时期应该是需要我们符合实际。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们认为朋友在困难时期最需要我们：失业、离婚。A. loss丢失；B. change改变；C. interview面试；D. application申请。根据前文“during their hard times”可知，在困难时期的事，应是丢失工作。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，对我们来说，朋友对我们快乐的反应比他们对我们痛苦的反应更重要。A. look forward to期待；B. contribute to有助于；C. get used to习惯；D. react to对…有反应。根据后文“how they respond to our 　　　12　　　.”可知，空处和后文作比较，应是同一动作作比价，所以应是对快乐的反应。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，对我们来说，朋友对我们快乐的反应比他们对我们痛苦的反应更重要。A. envy嫉妒；B. complaints投诉；C. suffering痛苦；D. mistakes错误。根据前文“In fact, how friends 　　　11　　　 our joy”可知，空处应是和joy相对应，作比较，结合选项，应是“suffering痛苦”符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把它看作是我们与生俱来的东西，而不是我们能够创造出来的东西。A. predict预测；B. produce制造；C. choose选择；D. measure测量。根据前文“Too often, we think of joy passively. We see it as something that come to us, instead of”可知空处表转折，与“与生俱来的东西”相对的是“创造出来的东西”。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然在实践中可能很困难，但Freudenfreude可以让我们振作起来，照亮我们的一天。A. fill填满；B. start开始；C. brighten照亮；D. balance平衡。根据前文“freudenfreude can lift us up and”可知，空处和lift us up并列，结合选项，应是“照亮我们的一天”符合语境。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以庆祝朋友的成功对我们来说是双赢的。A. survival生存；B. success成功；C. recovery恢复；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“So celebrating our friends’”结合选项和前文内容可知，应是“庆祝朋友的成功”符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 短文填空 (共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Desertification is a serious problem ____36____ (face) numerous countries in the world. Shi Guangyin, an eco-warrior from Shanxi Province, ____37____ (battle) desertification for about 40 years. Born in a town on the southern edge of the Mu Us Desert, Shi remembers how sandstorms easily destroyed the crops the villagers had grown and made their life ____38____ misery. In 1984, the government issued new policies to encourage individuals to plant trees in contracted sand lands. Despite the ____39____ (oppose) of his family, Shi resigned from his leadership position at a state-owned farm and began his fight against desertification. ____40____ (initial), Shi met with the challenge of lacking funds. He managed to raise RMB 12,000 by selling all his sheep and borrowing money from door to door. ____41____ followed was tireless work by Shi and his team, planting several species of drought-enduring trees over sand. Langwosha is an area of about 400 hectares ____42____ strong winds blow hard all year round. After failing ____43____ the first two attempts, Shi realized scientific research was also important. In 1988, Shi challenged Langwosha the third time. This time he ____44____ (equip) with a newly acquired technique, which enabled most of the planted trees, well over 80%, _____45_____ (survive). “My fight continues as long as my life continues. I shall not stop planting trees until my last breath,” said Shi Guangyin. 【答案】36. facing 37. has been battling##has battled 38. a 39. opposition 40. Initially 41. What 42. where 43. at 44. was equipped 45. to survive 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自山西省的生态战士石光银与荒漠化作斗争的事迹。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：荒漠化是世界上许多国家面临的严重问题。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“face”意为“面对”，动词词性，“problem”和“face”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“face”的现在分词“facing”，作后置定语。故填facing。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：石光银，一位来自山西省的生态战士，已经与荒漠化作斗争40年了。根据句中“for about 40 years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示斗争的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，谓语动词为“has/have done”，“Shi Guangyin”和“has”连用，“battle”的过去分词为“battled”，故空格处可填“has battled”；或用现在完成进行时，表示斗争的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，可能仍将继续下去，谓语动词为“has/have been doing”，“battle”的现在分词为“battling”，故空格处也可填“has been battling”。故填has been battling/has battled。 【38题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：石出生在毛乌素沙漠南缘的一个小镇上，他记得沙尘暴如何轻易地摧毁了村民们种植的庄稼，并使他们的生活变得悲惨。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“make one’s life a misery”，意为“使某人的生活悲惨”，故空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管遭到家人的反对，石还是辞去了一家国有农场的领导职务，开始了防治荒漠化的斗争。分析句子可知，“Despite”为介词，后接名词作宾语，“oppose”为动词，对应的名词为“opposition”，意为“反对”，为不可数名词。故填opposition。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：起初，石遇到了资金短缺的挑战。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，作状语，用来修饰整个句子，“initial”为形容词，对应的副词为“initially”，意为“起初”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Initially。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：随后，石和他的团队进行了不懈的努力，在沙地上种植了几种耐旱树木。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：狼窝沙面积约400公顷，常年刮大风。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Langwosha”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在前两次尝试都失败后，石意识到科学研究也很重要。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“at the+序数词+attempt”，意为“第……次尝试”，“attempt”与“at”连用。故填at。 【44题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这一次，他掌握了一种新的技术，使大多数种植的树木能够存活下来，存活率远远超过80%。根据句中“This time”和“enabled”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，且“he”和“equip”为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“he”和“was”连用，“equip”的过去分词为“equipped”，故空格处应填“was equipped”。故填was equipped。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这一次，他掌握了一种新的技术，使大多数种植的树木能够存活下来，存活率远远超过80%。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“enable…to do sth.”，意为“使……能够做某事”，“survive”意为“存活”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to survive”。故填to survive。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你校图书馆计划布置一个英语读书角，需要一张图片作为背景。校方搜集了以下两张图片，向同学们征求意见。请你给图书馆馆长写封邮件，内容包括： (1) 你选择； (2) 你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear the head librarian, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear the head librarian, I’m delighted to have the chance to express my opinion about the choice of the background image for the English corner. As far as I am concerned, I choose the second one. The reasons are as follows. First, the second image is easy to understand, highly symbolic, with an originality that allows anyone to imagine swimming in the ocean of books at the English corner. Its visual appeal can make people spontaneously come to take part in the reading there, making students feel the atmosphere of the reading and learning English. Second, the pattern is clear and smooth, the colors are simple and generous, with an appropriate and profound impression to stimulate students’ interest in English learning. I hope my suggestion will be accepted by you. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求考生从两张图片中选出一张作为图书馆英语读书角的背景。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→glad 机会：chance→opportunity 参加：take part in→participate in 建议：suggestion→tip 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m delighted to have the chance to express my opinion about the choice of the background image for the English corner. 拓展句：I’m delighted to have the chance to express my opinion on the choice of the background image, which is intended for the English corner. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, the second image is easy to understand, highly symbolic, with an originality that allows anyone to imagine swimming in the ocean of books at the English corner.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Its visual appeal can make people spontaneously come to take part in the reading there, making students feel the atmosphere of the reading and learning English.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was early spring and Nana was in the backyard with her grandchildren. Amy, Michael, and Justin were playing when Nana said, “I’m going to start planting my garden. Who wants to help me?” “What are going to plant, Nana?” asked Amy. “I like big, yellow sunflowers.” “I’m going to plant vegetables. That way we can have them to eat when they are ready,” said Nana. “How long does that take?” asked Michael. He liked vegetables sometimes, especially carrots. “It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat,” answered Nana. The children were surprised. “Months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?” asked Amy. “You should just go to the store and buy them.” “Patience, my sweeties! Don’t you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?” replied Nana. “And if all of you come to help, it won’t be too much work.” “I’ll help you, Nana,” offered Justin. He put down the soccer ball and went to look at the gardening tools Nana had laid out. “What do we do first?” Michael and Amy came over to look, too. Nana taught Justin how to use a trowel (小铲子) to dig small rows of holes for the seeds. Next, Nana showed Amy how to pour the seeds into each hole. And it was Michael’s job to cover up the holes with soil. Finally, Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground. “This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,” said Nana. When they had planted everything, the children took turns filling up the watering can so that Nana could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow. “Now we just water them a little every day, and with some time and sunshine, we’ll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,” said Nana. 注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Whenever the grandchildren came to visit they would dash into the garden. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version1 : Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. Not surprisingly, they were going to see how the garden was growing. After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary. As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger. When they noticed the vegetables flowering and producing fruits, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds. Never had they looked forward to summer like this before. But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results. Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden. Nana gave them each baskets and, together they gathered some of the cucumbers, carrots and tomatoes, which were turned into delicacies. “Who wants to help eat this fresh salad?” Nana asked. “Me!” everyone responded loudly. Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables. They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off. Possible version 2 : Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. Eager to help grow the vegetables well, they first took turns to water the plants. Then Nana showed them which plants needed trimming or which needed tying up to grow tall and straight. Day after day, spring turned into summer and finally, the plants started revealing their colorful secrets. The children were thrilled to see the tomatoes turning red, the cucumbers hiding under the green leaves and the peppers growing bigger. Not until then did they realize that Nana was right-- all they needed was patience. Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. With baskets ready, Nana and the children started out on their business. Nana took them around the garden and picked some tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and cabbages. Then for the following hour, they were busying making vegetable salad. The children helped wash the dirt off the food while Nana chopped up the vegetables. When Nana asked who wanted to try the fresh salad, everyone expressed their willingness excitedly. “OK. Amy, get the plates. Justin, get the water and cups, and Michael, get the forks. Let's celebrate the harvest!” 【解析】 【分析】本文以奶奶和孙子们在后院一起种植蔬菜为线索展开，讲述了那年早春，娜娜和她的孙子们在后院，艾米、迈克尔和贾斯汀正在玩耍，奶奶提出要种植蔬菜，一开始孙子们建议奶奶去商店买，因为自己种植蔬菜要做那么多工作，然后还要等这么长时间，奶奶让孙子们耐心点，因为自己种的食物总是味道最好的，奶奶认为如果大家都来帮忙，工作也不会太多。孙子们听了都乐意来帮忙，奶奶给孙子们分了工，奶奶耐心教导，当他们把所有的东西都种好后，孩子们轮流往水罐里灌满水，这样奶奶就能把土壤弄湿，让种子开始生长。奶奶说只要每天给它们浇水，再加上一些时间和阳光，夏天就可以吃到美味的东西了。 【详解】段落续写（以version1为例）： ①由第一段首句内容“每当孙子们来拜访时，他们都会冲进花园。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们怎样照顾这些植物们，以及看着蔬菜开花并结出果实时的兴奋心情。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，娜娜说是第一次收获的时候了。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们听到消息的喜悦之情，他们一起收集蔬菜，并把这些变成了美味佳肴，们认为没有什么比这更美味了，付出总有回报。 续写线索：冲进花园——看如何生长——照顾花园——开花结果——高兴 词汇激活 行为类 ①冲进：dash into /storm in ②除草：remove weeds/clean out weeds ③注意：notice/note/find 情绪类： ①骄傲地：loudly/with pride ②兴奋：jump into the air/ be up in the air 【点睛】[高分句型1]. After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nanas instruction if necessary. (由关系词that引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. Never had they looked forward to summer like this before.(否定词never提于句首的部分倒装句) [高分句型3]. They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off.(由连接词that引导的宾语从句作learned的宾语) 听力答案：1-5 CCABB 6-10 ABBAA 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 CABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$