精品解析：安徽省庐江县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

庐江县2023/2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测 高一英语试题 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Jennifer like doing most in her free time? A Attending a club. B. Watching TV. C. Doing sports. 2. How does the man go to work now A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 3. Where will the woman go next? A. Shanghai. B. Xian. C. Beijing. 4. What does Jenny want to do? A. Ski p supper. B. Put the toys back later. C. Help her mother after a while. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Mike's favorite animal. B. Mike's childhood. C. Mike's pets. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Michelle doing there? A. Buying a birthday gift. 'B. Picking up her sister. C. Watching a concert. 7. What is Michelle? A. A professor. B. A student. C. A guide. 听第7段材料，回答第8 至 10题。 8 What will Mark do first? A. Blow up balloons. B. Move the chairs. C. Fetch the cake. 9. When will the party begin? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and employee. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至14题。 11. Why did Jason go fishing yesterday? A. To do some research work. B. To have fun with family. C. To relax with colleagues. 12. What kind of fish was caught yesterday? A. A new species. B. A fish with a shark-like tail. C. A fish living on the bottom of the sea. 13. What was the weight of the fish? A. About 140 pounds. B. Almost 100 pounds. C. More than 70 pounds. 14. How does the woman probably feel in the end? A. Curious. B. Excited. C. Concerned. 听第 9段材料,回答第 15 至 17 题。 15. When will the man go to Susan's house? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 16. What does Susan ask the man to do? A. Prepare some garden beds. B. Plant some vegetables. C. Cut down some trees. 17. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a garden. B. At the man's office. C. Over the phone. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What can campers. do in the camps? A. Visit Spain. B. Travel to China. C. Learn languages and cultures. 19. How long do half-day camps last? A.2 hours. B.3 hours. C.4 hours. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce camps to her students. B. To tell all the campers what to do. C. To advertise the summer camps. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Days are gone when we were waiting for English language classes to learn English. Learning English has become less challenging for us now. Best English Practice apps for Android are mentioned below. Hello English This is the best app for an English-speaking course especially for Indians because it contains mostly Indian languages like Urdu, Punjabi, Tamil, Marathi, etc. Its content is also available in offline mode. In this app, there are many interactive games to make learning fun. The learner can ask questions from the tutor. You can go for news articles and e-books in this app. Beelinguapp Beelinguapp is simple and efficient to use and learn. This app offers audiobooks to help the learner improve your knowledge about the language they want to learn. The learner here learns the language by first listening to the stories in the language he wants to learn and then reading the text side by side in his native language. For audiobooks listeners, it is the best way to learn to speak English. Duolingo Duolingo is a free English-speaking course app. It has more than 300 million users worldwide. It uses a gaming approach for learning to speak English. The lesson size is so small that the learner can enjoy the learning even in his breaks. It is based on Artificial Intelligence to recognize and speak. It will show your progress in the visualized form. EngVarta It is an English conversation practice platform. This is a paid app. Here the learner does one on one conversation with English experts over the phone at your scheduled time. The philosophy of EngVarta is to provide abundant practice of listening, repeating, and talking. Learning is comfortable here as there is no one to judge you and your identity is not shown here. 1. What do Hello English and Duolingo have in common? A. The lesson size is small. B. Games are employed in learning. C. Learning can be achieved offline. D. Students’ progress can be tracked down. 2. Which app enables learners to learn with the aid of native language? A. Hello English. B. Beelinguapp. C. Duolingo. D. EngVarta. 3. Why is learning with EngVarta comfortable? A. No assessment is made. B. You can learn at any time. C. Learning here is free of charge. D. You are familiar to all participants. 【答案】1 B 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四款可以用于安卓手机上学习英语的软件。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hello English中关键句“In this app, there are many interactive games to make learning fun.”（在这个应用程序中，有许多互动游戏使学习乐趣 。）及Duolingo中关键句“It uses a gaming approach for learning to speak English.”（它使用游戏的方法来学习说英语。）可知，这两款软件的共同点是它们都把游戏运用到教学中。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Beelinguapp中关键句“The learner here learns the language by first listening to the stories in the language he wants to learn and then reading the text side by side in his native language.”（在这里，学习者通过先听他想学的语言的故事，然后用他的母语并排阅读课文来学习语言。）可知，Beelinguapp软件让学习者借助母语进行学习。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据EngVarta中关键句“Learning is comfortable here as there is no one to judge you and your identity is not shown here.”（在这里学习是舒适的，因为没有人评判你，你的身份不会在这里显示。）可知，使用 EngVarta 学习英语令人舒服的原因是在这里学习没有人会对你进行评价。故选A项。 B On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games. But Braden Baker is different. Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids (助听器). Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them-not once but twice and they had to be replaced. But at $3,500to $6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly. Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost.“I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair, ”Ashley said. Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky. Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money. Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of$1,000.We woke up the next morning and found it had raised$400.” This encouraged him to start making more videos. Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s GoFundMe page has raised over $15,000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation. That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children. The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mom, “he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.” Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.” 4. Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids? A. He lost his old hearing aids carelessly. B. He wanted a better pair of hearing aids. C. His hearing problem became more serious. D. His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog. 5. What caused Braden to start the GoFundMe page? A. shley’s remark on hearing aids. B. Ashley’s encouragement to him. C. Braden’s desire to buy a new pair of hearing aids. D. Braden’s desire to help the poor hearing-impaired kids. 6. How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started? A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Hopeful . D. Unexpected. 7. What has Braden learned from working on the project? A. Videoing is a good way to collect money. B. A small idea may make a big difference. C. It is important to dream big and hold on to it. D. One should always make good use of his money. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一名10岁听障男孩录制视频发起筹款，帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them-not once but twice and they had to be replaced.(不幸的是，布莱登的狗Chewy在地板上发现了他的助听器，并破坏了不止一次，而是两次，它们不得不被更换)”可知，布莱登必须更换助听器，是因为他的狗弄坏了他的助听器。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair, ”Ashley said.(阿什利说：“我告诉他，他很幸运又买了一副，而有些人买不起新的。”)”以及第四段“Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.(这些话一直萦绕在布莱登的脑海中，他意识到并不是每个需要助听器的孩子都能负担得起。最近，这个10岁的男孩决定创建一个GoFundMe页面，为那些不那么幸运的人筹集资金)”可知，布莱登启动GoFundMe页面，是由于他了解到有些儿童负担不起助听器，他想筹款帮助这些可怜的听障儿童。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“We weren’t sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of$1,000. We woke up the next morning and found it had raised$400.(我们不确定结果会如何。他一开始的目标是1000美元。第二天早上我们醒来发现筹集到了400美元)”可知，可知，一开始发起筹款时，布莱登和妈妈都不确定结果会怎样，他们感觉不确定的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.(他学到了，如果你把一个小想法付诸行动，就会发生令人惊叹的事情)”以及最后一段“Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.”(布莱登给那些想回馈他人的人的建议是：“不要放弃！任何小想法都可能变得很大。”)”可知，布莱登通过募集资金这一项目学到的是，将小小的想法付诸行动可能会产生很大的影响。故选B。 C It’s hard to turn down hamburgers, french fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you’re a teenager. “Junk food shapes teenager’s brains in ways that damage their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control bad behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen’s possibility of depression and anxiety.” Reichelt and two other researchers reviewed more than 100 studies, including their own,about how poor food choices can impact teen’s brains.They found teens are more sensitive (敏感的) than any other age group to processed foods with a lot of fat and sugar as their brains are not yet fully formed. Teenagers’ brains are still developing the ability to assess bad possibilities and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn’t eat chips all the time and helps us resist ( 抵 制 ) that urge. However, this region is the last to mature (成熟) — it doesn’t fully develop until we are in our early 20s. So, what’s the best way to say no to junk food? Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain’s reward system becomes less sensitive to food reminder. Exercise also causes the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and strengthens connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses. 8. According to the text, junk food does the greatest harm to . A. Preschoolers B. Teenagers C. The middle-aged D. The elderly 9. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Junk food. B. The brain. C. The research. D. The ability. 10. What can be inferred from the text? A. Processed foods shouldn’t be allowed to produce. B. Teenagers don’t understand the harm of junk food. C. The prefrontal cortex can help us make wise decisions. D. The prefrontal cortex develops fully in our late 20s. 11. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Where do our impulses come from? B. Why should we fight against junk food? C. What is the best way to strengthen our body? D. How does exercise work against junk food? 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。吃太多的垃圾食品会对人的身体造成损害，尤其是对青少年，运动可以帮助我们对抗垃圾食品。文章对此进行了介绍。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you’re a teenager.(然而，吃太多的垃圾食品会伤害你的身体，特别是如果你是一个青少年。)”可知，垃圾食品对青少年的健康危害最大。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“Junk food shapes teenager’s brains in ways that damage their ability to think, learn and remember.(垃圾食品会影响青少年的大脑，损害他们思考、学习和记忆的能力。)”可知，此处是指垃圾食品会让人难以控制不好的行为，所以it代指垃圾食品。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses.(因此，前额皮质可以更好地帮助我们做出明智的决定，控制我们的冲动。)”可知，前额皮质可以帮助我们做出明智的决定。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段前三句“So, what’s the best way to say no to junk food? Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain’s reward system becomes less sensitive to food reminder.(那么，对垃圾食品说不的最好方法是什么呢？研究人员建议锻炼。当我们锻炼时，大脑的奖励系统对食物提醒变得不那么敏感。)”可知，最后一段主要关于运动如何对抗垃圾食品。故选D。 D Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow? The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property. With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.” 12. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1? A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants. B. To provide an example of species extinction. C. To offer an explanation for government policies. D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America. 13. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe? A. They are under different law protection B. They attract different groups of hunters C. They contain different commercial value D. They represent different ownership types 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory B. Effective laws for elephant protection. C. Methods of making elephants private goods D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem 15. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words? A. People hold little regard for others’ property B. People want to profit from common resources C. People care more about their own possession D. People tend to take what they own for granted 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过谈论作为公共资源的大象濒临灭绝，而作为私有财产的饲养牛却能安全生存，说明了人们对私有财产比公共资源更加关心的现象。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. (然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物。)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了介绍大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. (原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品。)”和“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象在没有主人的情况下自由走动。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象。)” 及“By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. (相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果。)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. (各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为。)”以及“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property. (相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上。)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象的政策。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others. (对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。)”可以推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can’t be reused. ____16____ ●Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water. ____17____. Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it’s shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient. ●Use reusable bags while you’re shopping. Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store’s shopping bags and bring your own instead, Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. ____18____. ●____19____. Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try re-purposing items or making green crafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container. ●Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics. While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. ____20____. For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part. A. Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years. B. Reuse items to save them from the landfill. C. You can use your reusable, bags at most stores. D Bottled water is really bad for the environment. E. You probably need to change your personal habits F. Invite your friend to connect with you in real life. G. You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。环保是减少你环境足迹和帮助地球的好方法。环保就是减少你使用的资源，尽可能的重复利用物品，回收那些不能重复利用的物品。因此文章主要介绍了四点有助于环保的个人习惯。 【16题详解】 本句为第一段最后一句，起到承上启下的作用。结合下文主要为说明一些环保的个人习惯，故E选项“你可能需要改变你的个人习惯。”符合上下文语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 结合下文Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it’s shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.（它不仅会产生垃圾，还会消耗更多的资源，因为它被运到了商店。为了更环保，养成随身携带可重复使用的水瓶的习惯，这样你就可以在路上喝水了。塑料瓶通常是最轻和最方便的。）可知本段为建议随身带可重复使用的水瓶，而不要拿会产生垃圾和消耗资源的瓶装水。等故D选项“瓶装水真的对环境有害。”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 结合上文Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store.（使用你已经拥有的袋子，或者在当地杂货店的收银台购买几个可重复使用的袋子。）可知是在建议使用自己已经拥有的袋子，本句承接上文继续说明在哪里可以获得这些能重复使用的袋子。故C选项“你可以在大多数商店使用可重复使用的袋子。”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 本句为本段小标题，结合下文中 This will help you keep trash out of the landfill.（这将帮助你不让垃圾进入垃圾填埋场。）中landfill可知对应到B选项中from the landfill，故B选项“重复利用物品，把它们从垃圾填埋场中拯救出来。”符合上下文语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 结合下文For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.（例如，不要一起玩在线视频游戏，而是去当地的一个地方。）可知是在建议和朋友在现实生活中一起玩耍，而不是在网上。故F选项“邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。”符合上下文语境。故选F。 【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第四小题，结合下文中 This will help you keep trash out of the landfill.（这将帮助你不让垃圾进入垃圾填埋场。）中landfill可知对应到B选项中from the landfill，故B选项“重复利用物品，把它们从垃圾填埋场中拯救出来。”符合上下文语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Everyone at my school knows that I love ___21___. Years ago, I learned that a pineapple (菠萝) plant could grow from the top of a pineapple, so I decided to give it a ___22___. After several times of failure, I ___23___ succeeded in growing one. I was excited, so I dragged the huge, awkward and heavy plant to school so that my fourth-grade students could ___24___ the excitement of watching the pineapple plant grow. My ___25___ students welcomed the pineapple plant into our ___26___ and named her Patricia. They added caution tape around her (after being ___27___ by her sharp leaves) and even wrote stories about her. We also invited students from other classrooms to meet her. She became quite ___28___. Surprisingly, Patricia had a way of helping kids discuss and understand their ___29___. She calmed people down when they were upset,___30___ them up when they felt sad, and was a great conversation starter for kids who didn’t want to ___31___. Our school counselor (咨询师) often brought students in to visit Patricia, and they always left our classroom feeling ___32___ and more self-regulated (自我调节的). After some reflection, we realized that the ___33___ of the pineapple was not really just about the plant. Patricia helped ___34___ an environment filled with passion, positivity and nature. This type of environment is ___35___ for our nervous system, which leads to self-regulation and enhances learning. 21. A. cooking B. teaching C. gardening D. traveling 22. A. try B. gift C. wish D. lesson 23. A. hardly B. regularly C. immediately D. finally 24. A. share B. predict C. contain D. ignore 25. A. bored B. excited C. relieved D. frightened 26. A. class B. farm C. company D. yard 27. A. advised B. injured C. guarded D. shaded 28. A. important B. famous C. beautiful D. expensive 29. A. emotions B. performances C. lectures D. looks 30. A. raised B. woke C. cheered D. gave 31. A. move B. rest C. study D. talk 32. A. younger B. quieter C. happier D. slower 33. A. taste B. source C. name D. power 34. A. reflect B. create C. decorate D. protect 35. A. complex B. challenging C. changeable D. calming 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者种植出了一颗菠萝，带到教室和同学分享。没想到菠萝最后帮助孩子们讨论和理解他们的情绪，帮助创造了一个充满激情、积极和自然的环境。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校里的每个人都知道我喜欢园艺。A. cooking烹饪；B. teaching教学；C. gardening园艺；D. traveling旅行。根据后文“succeeded in growing one”提到作者种植菠萝，可知喜欢园艺。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我得知菠萝植物可以从菠萝的顶部生长出来，所以我决定试一试。A. try尝试；B. gift礼物；C. wish希望；D. lesson课程。根据后文“After several times of failure”指作者尝试种菠萝。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在几次失败之后，我终于成功地种出了一棵。A. hardly几乎不；B. regularly定期地；C. immediately立即；D. finally最后。根据后文“succeeded in growing one”指作者最终成功种植出了菠萝。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，所以我拖着巨大的，笨拙的和沉重的植物到学校，让我的四年级学生可以分享看到菠萝植物生长的兴奋。A. share分享；B. predict预测；C. contain包含；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“the excitement of watching the pineapple plant grow”指作者和同学分享菠萝生长的兴奋。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我兴奋的学生们欢迎菠萝植物进入我们的课堂，并给她起名叫帕特里夏。A. bored厌倦的；B. excited激动的；C. relieved安慰的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“students welcomed the pineapple plant”可知，学生对菠萝表示欢迎，说明对此感到兴奋。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我兴奋的学生们欢迎菠萝植物进入我们的课堂，并给她起名叫帕特里夏。A. class班级；B. farm农场；C. company公司；D. yard院子。根据后文“We also invited students from other classrooms to meet her.(我们还邀请了其他班级的同学去见她)”可知，菠萝进入了他们的课堂。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在她周围加了警告胶带（在被她锋利的叶子伤害后），甚至写了关于她的故事。A. advised建议；B. injured伤害；C. guarded守卫；D. shaded遮蔽。根据后文“by her sharp leaves”指被菠萝的叶子伤害。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她变得相当有名。A. important重要的；B. famous出名的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据上文“We also invited students from other classrooms to meet her.(我们还邀请了其他班级的同学去见她)”可知，菠萝被很多人参观，变得有名。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，帕特里夏有办法帮助孩子们讨论和理解他们的情绪。A. emotions情感；B. performances表演；C. lectures演讲；D. looks样子。根据后文“She calmed people down when they were upset”指帕特里夏有办法帮助孩子们讨论和理解他们的情绪。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们心烦意乱时，她让他们平静下来，当他们感到悲伤时，她让他们振作起来，对于那些不想说话的孩子来说，她是一个很好的开场白。A. raised筹集；B. woke醒来；C. cheered欢呼；D. gave给予。根据后文“them up when they felt sad”指在学生感到悲伤的时候，菠萝使他们振作起来（cheer up）。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们心烦意乱时，她让他们平静下来，当他们感到悲伤时，她让他们振作起来，对于那些不想说话的孩子来说，她是一个很好的开场白。A. move移动；B. rest休息；C. study学习；D. talk谈论。根据上文“was a great conversation starter for kids who didn't want to”可知，对于那些不想说话的孩子来说，菠萝是一个很好的开场白。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的学校辅导员经常带学生来看望帕特丽夏，他们离开教室时总是感到更快乐，更自律。A. younger更年轻的；B. quieter更安静的；C. happier更快乐的；D. slower更慢的。根据后文“with passion, positivity and nature”可知，学生离开教室时变得更加积极快乐。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番反思，我们意识到菠萝的力量并不仅仅在于它本身。A. taste品尝；B. source来源；C. name名字；D. power力量。根据后文提到菠萝创造了充满激情、积极和自然的环境，即反应了菠萝的力量。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕特丽夏帮助创造了一个充满激情、积极和自然的环境。A. reflect反思；B. create创造；C. decorate装饰；D. protect保护。根据后文“an environment filled with passion, positivity and nature”指菠萝帮助创造了一个充满激情、积极和自然的环境。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种环境能让我们的神经系统平静下来，从而促进自我调节，提高学习能力。A. complex复杂的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. changeable可改变的；D. calming平静的。呼应上文“She calmed people down”指这种环境能让学生平静下来。故选D。 第二节(共10 小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting in the traditional style is known today in Chinese as guohua, ___36___ (mean) the “national” or “native” painting. It is different from Western styles of art ___37___ became popular in China in the 20th century. One technique of the traditional Chinese painting is ink and wash painting and in Chinese it ___38___ (call) shuimo. In fact this was an art form ___39___ (practise) by gentlemen from the Song Dynasty. This style is also referred to as xieyi or the freehand style. ___40___ (traditional), the Chinese painting is done on rice paper or thin silk. There are broadly three ___41___ (subject) for traditional Chinese paintings—portraits, landscapes, and flowers and birds—of which the landscape is the most familiar ___42___ people. Therefore the Chinese painting is often known as the landscape painting, or shanshui painting. The landscape painting was regarded as ___43___ highest form of the Chinese painting, and generally still is. In the north, artists such as Jing Hao ___44___ (paint) pictures of towering mountains and in the south, Dong Yuan, Juran,____45____ other artists painted the rolling hills and rivers of their native countryside in peaceful scenes. 【答案】36. meaning 37. which##that 38. is called 39. practised 40. Traditionally 41. subjects 42. to 43. the 44. painted 45. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国画的历史和分类。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种传统风格的绘画在今天的中国被称为“国画”，意思是“民族”或“本土”绘画。动词mean与其逻辑主语guohua之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填meaning。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它不同于20世纪在中国流行的西方艺术风格。引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Western styles of art，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：水墨画是中国传统绘画的一种技法，在中国被称为水墨。根据语境可知，此处是在叙述事实，应用一般现在时，主语it与动词call之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语it为单数，be动词应用is。故填is called。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，这是宋代绅士所采用的一种艺术形式。an art form和practise之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式表示被动，作后置定语。故填practised。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，中国画是在宣纸或薄丝绸上完成的。副词traditionally作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Traditionally。 【41题详解】 考查可数名词复数。句意：中国传统绘画大体上有三个主题——肖像、山水和花鸟，其中山水是人们最熟悉的。subject“主题”为可数名词，结合修饰词three可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填subjects。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国传统绘画大致有肖像画、山水画和花鸟画三种题材，其中山水画是人们最为熟悉的。短语be familiar to表示“为……所熟悉”。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：山水画被认为是中国画的最高形式, 现在仍然如此。空后的“highest”是形容词的最高级，故此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在北方，荆浩等艺术家画的是巍峨的山脉；在南方，董源、居然等艺术家画了他们家乡乡村起伏的山丘和河流。分析可知，所填词为句子的谓语动词，根据句意及并列句时态可知，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填painted。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：在北方，荆浩等画家画的是巍峨的山川，而在南方，董源、居然等画家画的是家乡乡村连绵起伏的山川，景色宁静。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。学生会将举办一年一度的英语演讲比赛，本年度的主题为“My favorite English novel ”。作为组织者,你将在演讲比赛开幕式时发言，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.说明比赛的意义;2.比赛注意事项;3.预祝比赛圆满成功。 注意：词数80左右，可适当增加一些细节以使行文更加连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to this year’s English speech competition. This year’s topic is“ My favourite English novel ”. It is a really interesting topic. Taking part in this competition is not only a great opportunity for you to improve both your spoken English and listening ability, but also does good to helping you develop a great reading habit. In this contest, the time of every participant’s speech will be limited within 5 minutes. Every participant is expected to speak fluently, and your pronunciation should be as precise as possible. I hope everybody can share your favorite English novel, show your speech talent and make friends with each other. At last, I sincerely hope that this year’s English speech competition will be a great success. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学生会将举办一年一度的英语演讲比赛，本年度的主题为“My favorite English novel ”。要求考生写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in→participate in 比赛：competition/ contest→match 演讲：speech→lecture 最后：at last→finally 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：This year’s topic is“ My favourite English novel ”. It is a really interesting topic. 拓展句：This year’s topic is“ My favourite English novel ”, which is a really interesting topic. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Taking part in this competition is not only a great opportunity for you to improve both your spoken English and listening ability, but also does good to helping you develop a great reading habit. (运用了动名词作主语) [高分句型2] At last, I sincerely hope that this year’s English speech competition will be a great success. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A rich couple who planned to hold a big New Year party at their house went shopping at the market where everything was expensive and at a fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After buying all they needed, they called a porter (搬运工) to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were worn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs. They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter asked for just $20, quite below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The port er was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn. The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff. The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such persona ,but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to find out and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.” They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to ask about the old port er and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief? These are our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. The port er replied, “Madam, please calm down. I’m not a thief. That poor old man was sick since last month. He couldn’t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day. Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’ Madam, he was poor and hungry, but he was an honest man. I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home.” Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes. The wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes. Suddenly she rushed to the market. Half an hour later, the wife came back with some food in her hand. She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves. At last, the port er took the goods to their house, and the rich couple changed their attitude to the man like the porter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对富有的夫妇打算在家里举行一个盛大的新年晚会，他们去市场购物，那里的东西都很贵，而且都是固定价格。买完所有需要的东西后，他们叫了一个搬运工把所有东西搬到家里。来的看门人上了年纪，看上去很不健康，衣服也破旧不堪，看上去连日常生活都无法维持。最后搬运工没能来送货，他们以为对方是小偷，以后发现搬运工拜托了其他人来送货。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“搬运工听到妻子生气地问，就转过身来”可知，第一段可描写搬运工解释自己是之前的搬运工请来的。 ②由第二段首句内容“丈夫听了这话，眼里含着泪水”可知，第二段可描写夫妇被感动，向搬运工道了歉。说她不应该怀疑他们，并把他们当成了小偷。最后，搬运工把货物送到了他们家，这对富有的夫妇改变了对搬运工的态度。 2.续写线索：妻子生气质问——搬运工解释——丈夫感动——妻子羞愧——妻子道歉——改变态度 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：reply/respond ②完成：complete/finish ③返回：come back/return 情绪类 ①冷静：calm down/cool down ②惭愧：ashamed/compunctious 【点睛】[高分句型1] I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 听力答案1-5 CABBC 6-10ABCBA 11-15ABACB 16-20ACCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 庐江县2023/2024学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测 高一英语试题 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1 What does Jennifer like doing most in her free time? A. Attending a club. B. Watching TV. C. Doing sports. 2. How does the man go to work now A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 3. Where will the woman go next? A. Shanghai. B. Xian. C. Beijing. 4. What does Jenny want to do? A. Ski p supper. B. Put the toys back later. C. Help her mother after a while. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Mike's favorite animal. B. Mike's childhood. C. Mike's pets. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Michelle doing there? A. Buying a birthday gift. 'B. Picking up her sister. C. Watching a concert. 7. What is Michelle? A. A professor. B. A student. C. A guide. 听第7段材料，回答第8 至 10题。 8. What will Mark do first? A. Blow up balloons. B. Move the chairs. C. Fetch the cake. 9. When will the party begin? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and employee. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至14题。 11. Why did Jason go fishing yesterday? A. To do some research work. B. To have fun with family. C. To relax with colleagues. 12. What kind of fish was caught yesterday? A. A new species. B. A fish with a shark-like tail. C. A fish living on the bottom of the sea. 13. What was the weight of the fish? A. About 140 pounds. B. Almost 100 pounds. C. More than 70 pounds. 14. How does the woman probably feel in the end? A. Curious. B. Excited. C. Concerned. 听第 9段材料,回答第 15 至 17 题。 15. When will the man go to Susan's house? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 16. What does Susan ask the man to do? A. Prepare some garden beds. B. Plant some vegetables. C. Cut down some trees. 17. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a garden. B. At the man's office. C. Over the phone. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What can campers. do in the camps? A. Visit Spain. B. Travel to China. C. Learn languages and cultures. 19. How long do half-day camps last? A.2 hours. B.3 hours. C.4 hours. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce camps to her students. B. To tell all the campers what to do. C. To advertise the summer camps. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Days are gone when we were waiting for English language classes to learn English. Learning English has become less challenging for us now. Best English Practice apps for Android are mentioned below. Hello English This is the best app for an English-speaking course especially for Indians because it contains mostly Indian languages like Urdu, Punjabi, Tamil, Marathi, etc. Its content is also available in offline mode. In this app, there are many interactive games to make learning fun. The learner can ask questions from the tutor. You can go for news articles and e-books in this app. Beelinguapp Beelinguapp is simple and efficient to use and learn. This app offers audiobooks to help the learner improve your knowledge about the language they want to learn. The learner here learns the language by first listening to the stories in the language he wants to learn and then reading the text side by side in his native language. For audiobooks listeners, it is the best way to learn to speak English. Duolingo Duolingo is a free English-speaking course app. It has more than 300 million users worldwide. It uses a gaming approach for learning to speak English. The lesson size is so small that the learner can enjoy the learning even in his breaks. It is based on Artificial Intelligence to recognize and speak. It will show your progress in the visualized form. EngVarta It is an English conversation practice platform. This is a paid app. Here the learner does one on one conversation with English experts over the phone at your scheduled time. The philosophy of EngVarta is to provide abundant practice of listening, repeating, and talking. Learning is comfortable here as there is no one to judge you and your identity is not shown here. 1. What do Hello English and Duolingo have in common? A. The lesson size is small. B. Games are employed in learning. C. Learning can be achieved offline. D. Students’ progress can be tracked down. 2. Which app enables learners to learn with the aid of native language? A. Hello English. B. Beelinguapp. C. Duolingo. D. EngVarta. 3. Why is learning with EngVarta comfortable? A. No assessment is made. B. You can learn at any time. C. Learning here is free of charge. D. You are familiar to all participants. B On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games. But Braden Baker is different. Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids (助听器). Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them-not once but twice and they had to be replaced. But at $3,500to $6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly. Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost.“I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair, ”Ashley said. Those words stuck in Braden’s mind who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky. Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money. Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of$1,000.We woke up the next morning and found it had raised$400.” This encouraged him to start making more videos. Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s GoFundMe page has raised over $15,000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation. That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children. The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mom, “he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.” Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.” 4. Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids? A. He lost his old hearing aids carelessly. B. He wanted a better pair of hearing aids. C. His hearing problem became more serious. D. His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog. 5. What caused Braden to start the GoFundMe page? A. shley’s remark on hearing aids. B. Ashley’s encouragement to him. C. Braden’s desire to buy a new pair of hearing aids. D. Braden’s desire to help the poor hearing-impaired kids. 6. How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started? A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Hopeful . D. Unexpected. 7. What has Braden learned from working on the project? A. Videoing is a good way to collect money. B. A small idea may make a big difference. C. It is important to dream big and hold on to it. D. One should always make good use of his money. C It’s hard to turn down hamburgers, french fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you’re a teenager. “Junk food shapes teenager’s brains in ways that damage their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control bad behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen’s possibility of depression and anxiety.” Reichelt and two other researchers reviewed more than 100 studies, including their own,about how poor food choices can impact teen’s brains.They found teens are more sensitive (敏感的) than any other age group to processed foods with a lot of fat and sugar as their brains are not yet fully formed. Teenagers’ brains are still developing the ability to assess bad possibilities and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn’t eat chips all the time and helps us resist ( 抵 制 ) that urge. However, this region is the last to mature (成熟) — it doesn’t fully develop until we are in our early 20s. So, what’s the best way to say no to junk food? Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain’s reward system becomes less sensitive to food reminder. Exercise also causes the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and strengthens connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses. 8. According to the text, junk food does the greatest harm to . A. Preschoolers B. Teenagers C. The middle-aged D. The elderly 9. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Junk food. B. The brain. C. The research. D. The ability. 10. What can be inferred from the text? A. Processed foods shouldn’t be allowed to produce. B. Teenagers don’t understand the harm of junk food. C. The prefrontal cortex can help us make wise decisions. D. The prefrontal cortex develops fully in our late 20s. 11. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Where do our impulses come from? B. Why should we fight against junk food? C. What is the best way to strengthen our body? D. How does exercise work against junk food? D Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow? The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property. With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.” 12 Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1? A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants. B. To provide an example of species extinction. C. To offer an explanation for government policies. D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America. 13. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe? A. They are under different law protection B. They attract different groups of hunters C. They contain different commercial value D. They represent different ownership types 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory B. Effective laws for elephant protection. C. Methods of making elephants private goods D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem 15. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words? A. People hold little regard for others’ property B. People want to profit from common resources C. People care more about their own possession D. People tend to take what they own for granted 第二节 (共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can’t be reused. ____16____ ●Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water. ____17____. Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it’s shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient. ●Use reusable bags while you’re shopping. Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store’s shopping bags and bring your own instead, Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. ____18____. ●____19____. Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try re-purposing items or making green crafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container. ●Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics. While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. ____20____. For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part. A. Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years. B. Reuse items to save them from the landfill. C. You can use your reusable, bags at most stores. D. Bottled water is really bad for the environment. E. You probably need to change your personal habits F. Invite your friend to connect with you in real life. G. You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Everyone at my school knows that I love ___21___. Years ago, I learned that a pineapple (菠萝) plant could grow from the top of a pineapple, so I decided to give it a ___22___. After several times of failure, I ___23___ succeeded in growing one. I was excited, so I dragged the huge, awkward and heavy plant to school so that my fourth-grade students could ___24___ the excitement of watching the pineapple plant grow. My ___25___ students welcomed the pineapple plant into our ___26___ and named her Patricia. They added caution tape around her (after being ___27___ by her sharp leaves) and even wrote stories about her. We also invited students from other classrooms to meet her. She became quite ___28___. Surprisingly, Patricia had a way of helping kids discuss and understand their ___29___. She calmed people down when they were upset,___30___ them up when they felt sad, and was a great conversation starter for kids who didn’t want to ___31___. Our school counselor (咨询师) often brought students in to visit Patricia, and they always left our classroom feeling ___32___ and more self-regulated (自我调节的). After some reflection, we realized that the ___33___ of the pineapple was not really just about the plant. Patricia helped ___34___ an environment filled with passion, positivity and nature. This type of environment is ___35___ for our nervous system, which leads to self-regulation and enhances learning. 21. A. cooking B. teaching C. gardening D. traveling 22. A. try B. gift C. wish D. lesson 23. A. hardly B. regularly C. immediately D. finally 24. A. share B. predict C. contain D. ignore 25. A. bored B. excited C. relieved D. frightened 26 A. class B. farm C. company D. yard 27. A. advised B. injured C. guarded D. shaded 28. A. important B. famous C. beautiful D. expensive 29. A. emotions B. performances C. lectures D. looks 30. A. raised B. woke C. cheered D. gave 31. A. move B. rest C. study D. talk 32. A. younger B. quieter C. happier D. slower 33. A. taste B. source C. name D. power 34. A. reflect B. create C. decorate D. protect 35. A. complex B. challenging C. changeable D. calming 第二节(共10 小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting in the traditional style is known today in Chinese as guohua, ___36___ (mean) the “national” or “native” painting. It is different from Western styles of art ___37___ became popular in China in the 20th century. One technique of the traditional Chinese painting is ink and wash painting and in Chinese it ___38___ (call) shuimo. In fact this was an art form ___39___ (practise) by gentlemen from the Song Dynasty. This style is also referred to as xieyi or the freehand style. ___40___ (traditional), the Chinese painting is done on rice paper or thin silk. There are broadly three ___41___ (subject) for traditional Chinese paintings—portraits, landscapes, and flowers and birds—of which the landscape is the most familiar ___42___ people. Therefore the Chinese painting is often known as the landscape painting, or shanshui painting. The landscape painting was regarded as ___43___ highest form of the Chinese painting, and generally still is. In the north, artists such as Jing Hao ___44___ (paint) pictures of towering mountains and in the south, Dong Yuan, Juran,____45____ other artists painted the rolling hills and rivers of their native countryside in peaceful scenes. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。学生会将举办一年一度的英语演讲比赛，本年度的主题为“My favorite English novel ”。作为组织者,你将在演讲比赛开幕式时发言，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.说明比赛的意义;2.比赛注意事项;3.预祝比赛圆满成功。 注意：词数80左右，可适当增加一些细节以使行文更加连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A rich couple who planned to hold a big New Year party at their house went shopping at the market where everything was expensive and at a fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After buying all they needed, they called a porter (搬运工) to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were worn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs. They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter asked for just $20, quite below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The port er was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn. The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff. The wife started to get angry at her husband “I always tell you not to trust such persona ,but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to find out and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.” They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to ask about the old port er and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief? These are our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案1-5 CABBC 6-10ABCBA 11-15ABACB 16-20ACCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$