Unit 4 词汇练习-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 4 词汇复习资料 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1. The two pictures are similar, although not (相同的)． 2. He would not make any (姿势) that would show weakness. 3. The horse jumped forward and around her, winding the rope around her (腰部)． 4. We need somebody to (口译) Russian into English. 5. She just managed to hold back her (愤怒)． 6. Lack of confidence is one of the main (障碍) to his success. 7. Generally speaking, people in Japan favour (鞠躬) when they meet! 8. She was so moved that tears began to run down her (面颊)． 9. Mary (盯着看) at me in disbelief when I told her that the president would pay a visit to our school. 10. He planned to deliver a speech to (阐明) the situation. 11. Just as this sentence (揭示；显示), many of us teenagers attach much more importance to our phones than to our friends. 12. Hearing the result of the trial, she couldn't hold back her tears any longer and (哭泣) aloud. 13. He (回应) strongly against such an education system. 14. China suggests settling these (冲突) through peaceful means. 15. The baby is sleeping, so please (降低) your voice when you have to talk. 16. Now that she is busy at the moment, I don't want to (麻烦) her with my problems. 2、 词汇变形 1. interaction n．交流；相互影响→ vi.相互交流；相互影响 2. vary vi. 变化；改变→ adj.不同的；各种各样的→ n．多样性；变化；种类 3. approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→ n．赞成；同意；批准→ adj.赞许的；赞成的 4. employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→ n．雇员；受雇者→ n．雇主；雇用者→ n．雇用；聘用 5. demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→ n．证明；集会示威→ n．示威者；演示者 6. differ vi.相异；不同于→ adj.不同的；有差异的→ n．差别；差异 7. favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→ adj.赞成的；有利的 8. anger n．愤怒 vt.使生气；激怒→ adj.生气的；愤怒的→ adv.生气地；愤怒地 9. reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→ vi.依赖；信赖 10. slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→ adv.略微；稍微 11. assess vt.评估；评价→ n．评价；评定 12. educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→ vt.教育→ adj.受过教育的；有教养的→ n．教育 13. tendency n．趋势；倾向→ vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势 14. barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→ adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 15. occupy vt.占据；占用→ adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→ n．占领；职业 16. distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→ adj.卓越的；杰出的 17. anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→ adj. 焦虑的；渴望的→ adv.焦虑地 18. embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→ adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→ vt.使窘迫；使尴尬→ n．难堪；窘迫 19. ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→ n．羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→ adj.可耻的→ adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 20. inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听→ n．询问；调查 21. adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→ adj.可调整的；可调节的→ n．调整；调节；适应 22. react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→ n．反应；副作用 3、 4、 词组积累 1. 2. 由……到……各不相同 3. 相比之下 4. 俯视；向下看 5. (与……)相比较 6. 做某事的方法 7. 消除；分解；打破 8. 寻求帮助 9. 感到沮丧 10. 推理；推断 11. 表达某人的想法和观点 12. 与某人互动/交流 13. 进行眼神交流 14. 摆脱困境 15. 换句话说；也就是说 16. 突然袭击罪犯 17. 指示 18. 用肢体语言来表达自己 19. 表达复杂的东西 20. 手语 21. 对……感兴趣 22. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 23. 开玩笑 24. 花费时间做某事 25. (短暂地)访问；正式邀请 26. 有某种影响；在工作 27. 凝视；目不转睛地看 28. 搁起腿休息 29. 使自己忙于 30. 调整；调节；适应 31. 浑水摸鱼；趁火打劫 32. 5、 语法填空 vary 1. In our daily life, we will come across (vary) barriers, so we should try to break them down. 2. In my class the students vary height 150 cm to 170 cm. 3. 4. Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a (vary) meaningful activities, encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure. Besides, these activities vary seasons. 5. I have a number of hobbies, which vary from playing basketball playing the piano. 6. The women stared at pictures varying large ones small ones. 7. These books vary the contents, so you can choose one according to your taste. 8. (vary) of flowers were on show in the street on National Day. appropriate 1. It is not appropriate (ask) such personal questions in an interview. 2. It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act (appropriate) towards other people. 3. Sports clothes are not appropriate a formal wedding. 4. You can then select the (appropriately) product from this full list. approve 1. The distinguished educator gave us an (approve) nod to our plan. 2. We would be grateful if you could give your (approve) to our proposal. 3. Now that you have approved my idea, I will introduce it to you in detail. 4. My son made a decision without my (approve)． 5. The great success won him many (approve) glances. 6. He decided to go abroad for further study with the (approve) of his parents. favour 1. By performing appropriate measures，we have created a (favour) learning environment in the self-study room. 2. He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t favour of his opinion. 3. When I take photos, I favour (pose) in this way for a photograph. 4. With (favour) weather conditions，let’s visit the theme park. 5. I would appreciate it if you could do me favour and spare some time to polish my application letter and resume. occupy 1. Ultimately, you must state your full name, age and (occupy) in your application form. 2. Because they were occupied making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around 3. (occupy) themselves in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around. 4. (occupy) in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around. ashamed 1. It is shame that my plan hasn’t been approved. 2. I was so (shame) that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes. 3. It’s (shame) the way some people treat their pets. 4. I felt incredibly ashamed myself for getting so angry. 5. I’m ashamed (admit) that I’ve never read any of his books. 6. I feel almost (shame) that I've been so lucky that I win again. adjust 1. To my great sorrow，the height of the bicycle is barely (adjust)． 2. I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) the new surroundings. 3. I am writing to apologize to you for my not making (adjust) to the relevant information in time，which caused great inconvenience to you. 4. The new journalist adjusts himself the new environment quite smoothly. 5. My parents had trouble adjusting to (live) in an apartment. 6. I'm writing to tell you something about the (adjust) of our legal holidays. 7. Coming to another country to study requires a big (adjust) and it takes a while to fit in. break down 用break的相关短语填空 ① What angered me was that my car broke on the way to my company. ② We arrived home early only to find a thief trying to break . ③ The president’s tone implied that a war would break soon. ④ When the father saw his lost child safe, he broke tears and his anxiety finally disappeared. ⑤ The boy and the girl had serious conflicts, so they broke . ⑥ The educator hasn’t broken through in his teaching so far, so he is thinking about breaking from the cause of education. 2. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① My car broke down on the way to the airport. ② The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. ③ In other words，your health will break down if you work too hard. ④ Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids(氨基酸)． ⑤ Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear. call on 1. 用call的相关短语填空 ① I stared at the picture, which called memories of my last month’s speech—I called us students to download relevant information from reliable websites. ② The conference had been ultimately called , so we went home instead. ③ Sometimes situations call us to be strong and brave. ④ The other day I called my friend’s home but my friend happened to be ill, so I called a doctor in an instant. 2. The government calls on us (protect) rare animals from being extinct. bother 1. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① Sorry to bother you, but the manager is on the line. ② He didn’t bother to answer the question. ③ You needn’t bother yourself about small things. 2. He didn’t bother (answer) my question, which didn’t appeal to him. 3. I'm sorry to bother you so many questions on such an occasion. employ 1. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① When did the company start to employ new people？ ② Every day I employ myself in doing homework. ③ He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem. 2. She (employ) in doing the rewarding job every day. 3. Many local people are employed guides in the tourism industry. 4. A number of people have been employed (deal) with the work. 5. She has employed (her) in protecting the endangered animals. 6. The secretary has worked for the same (employ) for 20 years. witness 1. The police found the witness the accident. 2. A taxi driver witnessed to (see) the man enter the building. 3. 改写Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last few years. → (witness) → (witness) differ 1. After that, we will hold an exchange meeting about cultural (differ) between New Zealand and China. 2. British English is (differ) from American English in pronunciation and spelling. 3. The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the (differ) between them. 4. British English differs American English in pronunciation and spelling. reliable 1. I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a (rely) person in the future. 2. You can rely on him (help) you when you are in trouble. 3. Many working women rely relatives to help take care of their children. 3. You can rely on that the talks between the two countries will not break down. demonstrate Wait a moment; let me give you a (demonstrate)． assessment 1. We make (assess) and inferences from body language. 2. First aid requires rapid (assess) of victims to decide whether life ­ threatening conditions exist. 3. Much to our surprise, the loss of that company in the fire was assessed one million dollars. 4. I think it may take some time before we can make an assessment the damage to the environment. in other words 1. Word came Linda won first place in the English competition yesterday. 2. She hoped he would keep (he)word. But her hope was a fragile thing. tendency 1. Since Internet voting is an unavoidable (tend), it is necessary that some measures should be taken to make things better. 2. The gap between them has a tendency (become) wider and wider. 3. She spends her spare time (tend) her old mother. 4. The gap between them tends (become) wider and wider. 5. There is a (tend) for people to spend more and more time on their mobile phones. educator Many (educate) strongly oppose protecting children too much. distinguish 1. I can introduce Chinese painting to our (distinguish) guests efficiently while offering them constructive guidance. 2. It's important to distinguish reality dreams. 3. As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself a great volleyball coach in the world. 4. Morrison herself is distinguished having won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993. embarrass It's (embarrass) to be caught telling a lie. anxiety 1. I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm anxious (get) help from you. 2. (anxious), she took the dress out of the package, tried it on and found it didn't fit. 3. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious the future. 4. If you're worried about your health, share your (anxious) with your doctor. interact Playing games and singing songs provide the opportunity for classroom (interact)． conflict 1. It is a statement in conflict other evidence. 2. He often comes conflict with his classmates, and it annoys his parents. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 词汇复习资料 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1. The two pictures are similar, although not identical (相同的)． 2. He would not make any gestures (姿势) that would show weakness. 3. The horse jumped forward and around her, winding the rope around her waist (腰部)． 4. We need somebody to interpret (口译) Russian into English. 5. She just managed to hold back her anger (愤怒)． 6. Lack of confidence is one of the main barriers (障碍) to his success. 7. Generally speaking, people in Japan favour bowing (鞠躬) when they meet! 8. She was so moved that tears began to run down her cheeks (面颊)． 9. Mary stared(盯着看) at me in disbelief when I told her that the president would pay a visit to our school. 10. He planned to deliver a speech to clarify (阐明) the situation. 11. Just as this sentence reveals (揭示；显示), many of us teenagers attach much more importance to our phones than to our friends. 12. Hearing the result of the trial, she couldn't hold back her tears any longer and wept (哭泣) aloud. 13. He reacted (回应) strongly against such an education system. 14. China suggests settling these conflicts (冲突) through peaceful means. 15. The baby is sleeping, so please lower (降低) your voice when you have to talk. 16. Now that she is busy at the moment, I don't want to bother (麻烦) her with my problems. 2、 词汇变形 1. interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 2. vary vi. 变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类 3. approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 4. employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用 5. demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→demonstration n．证明；集会示威→demonstrator n．示威者；演示者 6. differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异 7. favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的 8. anger n．愤怒 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 9. reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖 10. slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 11. assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定 12. educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 13. tendency n．趋势；倾向→tend vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势 14. barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 15. occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业 16. distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 17. anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj. 焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地 18. embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬→embarrassment n．难堪；窘迫 19. ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 20. inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听→inquiry/enquiry n．询问；调查 21. adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 22. react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；副作用 3、 词组积累 1. 2. vary from ...to ...由……到……各不相同 3. by contrast相比之下 4. look down俯视；向下看 5. by comparison(与……)相比较 6. a way of doing sth做某事的方法 7. break down消除；分解；打破 8. ask for help寻求帮助 9. feel down感到沮丧 10. make inferences 推理；推断 11. express one's thoughts and opinions 表达某人的想法和观点 12. interaction with sb 与某人互动/交流 13. make eye contact 进行眼神交流 14. get through difficult situations 摆脱困境 15. in other words 换句话说；也就是说 16. take the criminals by surprise 突然袭击罪犯 17. give instructions 指示 18. use body language to express oneself 用肢体语言来表达自己 19. express something complicated 表达复杂的东西 20. hand signals手语 21. be interested in对……感兴趣 22. tend to do sth易于做某事；往往会发生某事 23. make a joke开玩笑 24. spend time doing sth花费时间做某事 25. call on(短暂地)访问；正式邀请 26. at work有某种影响；在工作 27. stare at 凝视；目不转睛地看 28. put one's feet up 搁起腿休息 29. occupy oneself in/with 使自己忙于 30. adjust to 调整；调节；适应 31. fish in troubled waters 浑水摸鱼；趁火打劫 32. 4、 语法填空 vary 1. In our daily life, we will come across various (vary) barriers, so we should try to break them down. 2. In my class the students vary in height from 150 cm to 170 cm. 3. Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety (vary) meaningful activities, encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure. Besides, these activities vary with seasons. 4. I have a number of hobbies, which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano. 5. The women stared at pictures varying from large ones to small ones. 6. These books vary in the contents, so you can choose one according to your taste. 7. Varieties (vary) of flowers were on show in the street on National Day. appropriate 1. It is not appropriate to ask (ask) such personal questions in an interview. 2. It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act appropriately (appropriate) towards other people. 3. Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding. 4. You can then select the appropriate (appropriately) product from this full list. approve 1. The distinguished educator gave us an approving (approve) nod to our plan. 2. We would be grateful if you could give your approval (approve) to our proposal. 3. Now that you have approved of my idea, I will introduce it to you in detail. 4. My son made a decision without my approval (approve)． 5. The great success won him many approving (approve) glances. 6. He decided to go abroad for further study with the approval (approve) of his parents. favour 1. By performing appropriate measures，we have created a favourable (favour) learning environment in the self-study room. 2. He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t in favour of his opinion. 3. When I take photos, I favour posing (pose) in this way for a photograph. 4. With favourable (favour) weather conditions，let’s visit the theme park. 5. I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour and spare some time to polish my application letter and resume. occupy 1. Ultimately, you must state your full name, age and occupation (occupy) in your application form. 2. Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around 3. Occupying (occupy) themselves in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around. 4. Occupied (occupy) in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around. ashamed 1. It is a shame that my plan hasn’t been approved. 2. I was so ashamed (shame) that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes. 3. It’s shameful (shame) the way some people treat their pets. 4. I felt incredibly ashamed of myself for getting so angry. 5. I’m ashamed to admit (admit) that I’ve never read any of his books. 6. I feel almost ashamed (shame) that I've been so lucky that I win again. adjust 1. To my great sorrow，the height of the bicycle is barely adjustable (adjust)． 2. I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings. 3. I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments (adjust) to the relevant information in time，which caused great inconvenience to you. 4. The new journalist adjusts himself to the new environment quite smoothly. 5. My parents had trouble adjusting to living (live) in an apartment. 6. I'm writing to tell you something about the adjustment (adjust) of our legal holidays. 7. Coming to another country to study requires a big adjustment (adjust) and it takes a while to fit in. break down 用break的相关短语填空 ① What angered me was that my car broke down on the way to my company. ② We arrived home early only to find a thief trying to break in. ③ The president’s tone implied that a war would break out soon. ④ When the father saw his lost child safe, he broke into tears and his anxiety finally disappeared. ⑤ The boy and the girl had serious conflicts, so they broke up. ⑥ The educator hasn’t broken through in his teaching so far, so he is thinking about breaking away from the cause of education. 2. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① My car broke down on the way to the airport. 出故障 ② The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. （谈判）失败 ③ In other words，your health will break down if you work too hard. （身体）垮掉 ④ Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids(氨基酸)．分解 ⑤ Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear. 消除 call on 1. 用call的相关短语填空 ① I stared at the picture, which called up memories of my last month’s speech—I called on us students to download relevant information from reliable websites. ② The conference had been ultimately called off, so we went home instead. ③ Sometimes situations call for us to be strong and brave. ④ The other day I called at my friend’s home but my friend happened to be ill, so I called in a doctor in an instant. 2. The government calls on us to protect (protect) rare animals from being extinct. bother 1. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① Sorry to bother you, but the manager is on the line. 打扰 ② He didn’t bother to answer the question. 费心，麻烦 ③ You needn’t bother yourself about small things. 使烦恼 2. He didn’t bother answering/to answer (answer) my question, which didn’t appeal to him. 3. I'm sorry to bother you with/about so many questions on such an occasion. employ 1. 写出下列加黑字的意思 ① When did the company start to employ new people？ 雇用 ② Every day I employ myself in doing homework. 忙于 ③ He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem. 使用 2. She was employed (employ) in doing the rewarding job every day. 3. Many local people are employed as guides in the tourism industry. 4. A number of people have been employed to deal (deal) with the work. 5. She has employed herself (her) in protecting the endangered animals. 6. The secretary has worked for the same employer (employ) for 20 years. witness 1. The police found the witness to the accident. 2. A taxi driver witnessed to having seen (see) the man enter the building. 3. 改写Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last few years. →The last few years have witnessed great changes in my hometown. (witness) →My hometown has witnessed great changes in the last few years. (witness) differ 1. After that, we will hold an exchange meeting about cultural differences (differ) between New Zealand and China. 2. British English is different (differ) from American English in pronunciation and spelling. 3. The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference (differ) between them. 4. British English differs from American English in pronunciation and spelling. reliable 1. I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable (rely) person in the future. 2. You can rely on him to help (help) you when you are in trouble. 3. Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children. 3. You can rely on it that the talks between the two countries will not break down. demonstrate Wait a moment; let me give you a demonstration (demonstrate)． assessment 1. We make assessments (assess) and inferences from body language. 2. First aid requires rapid assessment (assess) of victims to decide whether life ­ threatening conditions exist. 3. Much to our surprise, the loss of that company in the fire was assessed at one million dollars. 4. I think it may take some time before we can make an assessment of the damage to the environment. in other words 1. Word came that Linda won first place in the English competition yesterday. 2. She hoped he would keep his (he)word. But her hope was a fragile thing. tendency 1. Since Internet voting is an unavoidable tendency (tend), it is necessary that some measures should be taken to make things better. 2. The gap between them has a tendency to become (become) wider and wider. 3. She spends her spare time tending (tend) her old mother. 4. The gap between them tends to become (become) wider and wider. 5. There is a tendency (tend) for people to spend more and more time on their mobile phones. educator Many educators (educate) strongly oppose protecting children too much. distinguish 1. I can introduce Chinese painting to our distinguished (distinguish) guests efficiently while offering them constructive guidance. 2. It's important to distinguish reality from dreams. 3. As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world. 4. Morrison herself is distinguished for having won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993. embarrass It's embarrassing (embarrass) to be caught telling a lie. anxiety 1. I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm anxious to get (get) help from you. 2. Anxiously (anxious), she took the dress out of the package, tried it on and found it didn't fit. 3. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. 4. If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties (anxious) with your doctor. interact Playing games and singing songs provide the opportunity for classroom interaction (interact)． conflict 1. It is a statement in conflict with other evidence. 2. He often comes into conflict with his classmates, and it annoys his parents. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$